CH251381A - Process for burning rock containing carbonate. - Google Patents
Process for burning rock containing carbonate.Info
- Publication number
- CH251381A CH251381A CH251381DA CH251381A CH 251381 A CH251381 A CH 251381A CH 251381D A CH251381D A CH 251381DA CH 251381 A CH251381 A CH 251381A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- gases
- arc
- rock
- carbonic acid
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 B. of dolomite Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Brennen von karbonathaltigem Gestein. Vo.rliagende Erfindung betrifft das Bren nen von karbonathaltigem Gestein, z. B. Kalkstein, unter Verwendung von @elektri- echer Energie.
Das Verfahren ist dadurch ge kennzeichnet, da:ss die Erhitzung des Gesteins auf die erforderliche Zersetzungstemperatur vermittels heisser, Kohlensäure enthaltender Gase erfolgt, welche mittels des, elektrischen Lichtbogens auf die für die Zersetzung der Karbonate erforderliche Temperatur erhitzt werden, wobei in den elektrischenLiehtbogen mindestens teilweise die bei der Zersetzung der Karbonate entstehenden k eohl:ensäuTeha;
l- tigen Gase eingeführt werden: Das Verfahren wird beispielsweise wia folgt ausgeführt: In einen Schachtofen wird von oben Kalk stein eingeführt; im untern Teil des Ofens werden die durch den elektrischen Licht bogen erhitzten Gase eingeblasen. Dieselben sind so hoch erwärmt und derart bemessen, dass sie das Gestein auf zirka 900 C erhit zen, wobei es sich in Kalk (Ca0) und Koh- lensäure (C02) zersetzt. Der Kalk wird unten abgeführt.
Die entwickelte Kohlensäure mit den Heizgassen steigt nach oben, wobei die selben den herunterwande:rnden Kalkstein in der untern heissen Zone ides Ofens teilweise zersetzen und in der obern Zone denselben vorwärmen.
Ein Teil der heissen Gase wird aus dem Ofen im Temperaturbereieh von zirka 5N0 C mittels Ventilator :seitlich abge zogen und Jureh den elektrischen Lichtbogen in Form heisser Heizgase in den untern Teil des Ofens wieder eingefiihrt. Den Erforder nissen der Wärmeökonomie entsprechend werden die für .den Prozess günstigsten Tem- peraturverhäftnisse angewandt.
Hierbei ist von wesentlicher Bedeutung, dass die Tempe ratur der dem Ofen entnommenen kohlen säurehaltigen Gase nicht erheblich unterhalb jener liegt, welche dem beginnenden Zerfall des Karbonates entspricht. Die Materialfestig keit der Apparatur, insbesondere des. Venti lators, verlangt, dass aus Gründen der _Be- triebssi.cherheit die Temperätur der dem Ofen entnommenen und dem Ventilator zugeführ ten Heizgase z.
B. nicht mehr als 500 C beträgt. Es erscheint unter Umständen zweckmässig, die Zirkulationsgase aus ver- schRedenen Stellen des Ofens, insbesondere aus kälteren Zonen, zwecks geeigneter Tem- peraturführung zu entnehmen.
Die Tempera.- turverhäl.tnisse der Gase im Lichtbogen und im Ofen sowie die Grössenordnung der Gas umwälzung müssen dagegen auf dieReaktion im Ofen bezw. auf den hierfür benötigten Wärmeaufwand abgestimmt sein. Man kann denselben z. B. durch die Menge und Art der zirkulierenden Gase regulieren.
Je grösser die Menge @der:selben ist, desto tiefer kann die Temperatur der Heizgase am Eintritt in den Ofen gewählt und die Temperatur der aus dem Lichtbogen austretenden Gase einge stellt werden. Dies ist insofern wichtig, als bei Anwendung stickstoffhaltiger Gase die Anwesenheit von. Stickoxyden in den Heiz gasen unerwünscht ist.
Die Bildung von Stickoxyden im elektrischen Lichtbogen kann beispielsweise dadurch weitgehend vermin- deTt werden, dass man die mittlere Tempera kur der Gase im Lichtbogen möglichst herab setzt, so dass die in den Ofen eintretenden Gase sich höchstens auf einer Temperatur von 120O C befinden.
Indem man die kohlen- ,säurehaltigen Abgase ganz oder teilweise in den Prozess zurückführt, kann die Menge der ziTkulierenden Gase ebenfalls beliebig vari iert werden. Gegebenenfalls kann man auch Luft oder sauerstoffarme Gase, Stickstoff oder<B>CO,</B> den zirkulierenden Gasen zugeben. Dieselben werden zweckmässig durch die aus dem Ofen austretenden heissen Reaktionepro- .dukte, z. B. durch den heissen Kalk, vorge wärmt.
Da,s Verfahren eignet sich vor allem zum Brennen von Kalkstein; es, kann jedoch auch zum Brennen jedes andern karbonathaltigen Gesteins, wie z. B. von Dolomit, Mergel usw., verwendet werden. Ferner z.
B. auch zum Kalzinieren von Mischungen von Mergel und Kalkstein für die Zemenfherstellung, unter Bildung von Zwischenprodukten, die :dann noch bei höherer Temperatur .gesintert wer den müssen. Man kann den Prozess z.
B. so wohl in einem Schachtofen als auch in einem Drehofen ausführen. Gegebenenfalls kann man den Rohstoffen auch eine gewisse Menge Kohle oder andere feste Brennstoffe zugeben und dadurch nur einen Teil der. benötigen den Wärme durch elektrische Energie zu führen. In diesem Falle russ man den Heiz gasen eine zur Verbrennung der Kohle ent sprechende Menge Sauerstoff oder Luft bei mischen.
Process for burning rock containing carbonate. The present invention relates to the burning of carbonate rock, e.g. B. Limestone, using @ electrical energy.
The method is characterized in that: the heating of the rock to the required decomposition temperature takes place by means of hot gases containing carbonic acid, which are heated to the temperature required for the decomposition of the carbonates by means of the electric arc, with at least some of the electric arc being heated the cabbage produced when the carbonates decompose: ensäuTeha;
Oily gases are introduced: The process is carried out as follows, for example: Limestone is introduced into a shaft furnace from above; The gases heated by the electric arc are blown into the lower part of the furnace. They are so heated and dimensioned in such a way that they heat the rock to around 900 C, where it breaks down into lime (Ca0) and carbonic acid (C02). The lime is discharged below.
The carbonic acid developed with the heating lanes rises upwards, the same partially decomposing the descending limestone in the lower hot zone of the furnace and preheating it in the upper zone.
A part of the hot gases is drawn off to the side from the furnace in the temperature range of about 5N0 C by means of a fan and the electric arc in the form of hot heating gases is reintroduced into the lower part of the furnace. The most favorable temperature conditions for the process are used in accordance with the requirements of heat economy.
It is essential here that the temperature of the carbonic acid-containing gases removed from the furnace is not significantly below that which corresponds to the beginning of the decomposition of the carbonate. The material strength of the apparatus, in particular of the fan, requires that, for reasons of operational safety, the temperature of the hot gases taken from the furnace and fed to the fan, e.g.
B. is not more than 500 C. It may appear expedient to take the circulation gases from various places in the furnace, in particular from colder zones, for the purpose of suitable temperature control.
The temperature ratios of the gases in the arc and in the furnace as well as the order of magnitude of the gas circulation, on the other hand, must be dependent on the reaction in the furnace or be matched to the heat required for this. You can use the same z. B. regulate by the amount and type of circulating gases.
The greater the amount of the same, the lower the temperature of the heating gases at the entry into the furnace and the temperature of the gases emerging from the arc can be set. This is important insofar as the presence of nitrogen-containing gases is used. Nitrogen oxides in the heating gases is undesirable.
The formation of nitrogen oxides in the electric arc can be largely reduced, for example, by lowering the mean temperature of the gases in the arc as much as possible so that the gases entering the furnace are at a temperature of no more than 120 ° C.
By wholly or partly returning the carbonic, acidic exhaust gases to the process, the amount of the circulating gases can also be varied as desired. If necessary, air or low-oxygen gases, nitrogen or CO, can also be added to the circulating gases. The same are expediently .dukte by the hot reaction products emerging from the oven, e.g. B. by the hot lime, preheated.
This s method is particularly suitable for burning limestone; it can, however, also be used for burning any other rock containing carbonate, such as B. of dolomite, marl, etc., can be used. Furthermore z.
B. also for calcining mixtures of marl and limestone for cement production, with the formation of intermediate products, which: then still at a higher temperature .gesinterert who must. One can use the process e.g.
B. run as well in a shaft furnace as in a rotary kiln. If necessary, you can also add a certain amount of coal or other solid fuels to the raw materials and thereby only part of the. need to carry heat through electrical energy. In this case, the heating gases are mixed with an amount of oxygen or air appropriate for the combustion of the coal.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH251381T | 1945-09-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH251381A true CH251381A (en) | 1947-10-31 |
Family
ID=4468773
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH251381D CH251381A (en) | 1945-09-07 | 1945-09-07 | Process for burning rock containing carbonate. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH251381A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2570620A1 (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1986-03-28 | Electricite De France | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DECARBONATING MINERALS BY FLUIDIZED BED CALCINATION |
-
1945
- 1945-09-07 CH CH251381D patent/CH251381A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2570620A1 (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1986-03-28 | Electricite De France | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DECARBONATING MINERALS BY FLUIDIZED BED CALCINATION |
| EP0176433A1 (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1986-04-02 | Electricite De France | Process and apparatus for decarbonating minerals by fluidised-bed calcining |
| US4707350A (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1987-11-17 | Electricite De France - Service National | Process and device for the decarbonation of minerals by fluidized bed calcination |
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