CA3207375A1 - Mixing chamber structure for prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure - Google Patents
Mixing chamber structure for prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure Download PDFInfo
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- CA3207375A1 CA3207375A1 CA3207375A CA3207375A CA3207375A1 CA 3207375 A1 CA3207375 A1 CA 3207375A1 CA 3207375 A CA3207375 A CA 3207375A CA 3207375 A CA3207375 A CA 3207375A CA 3207375 A1 CA3207375 A1 CA 3207375A1
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);uranium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[U+4] OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/12—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from pressure vessel; from containment vessel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure. The mixing chamber structure comprises an annular sidewall and a bottom plate (3); the annular sidewall is supported on the bottom plate (3) and sealedly connected to the bottom plate (3); the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is supported on the annular sidewall and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall; the annular sidewall and the bottom plate (3) define a mixing chamber (5); the mixing chamber (5) is communicated with all coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and used for mixing coolants flowing out of the coolant channels; an outlet flow channel (6) is further arranged on the annular sidewall and used for communicating the mixing chamber (5) with a reactor core outlet channel. The mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is capable of collecting, mixing, and transporting coolants, improving the uniformity of the coolants flowing out of a reactor core fuel zone, and improving the operating safety of the reactor.
Description
UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) MIXING CHAMBER STRUCTURE FOR PRISMATIC
HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTOR, AND PRISMATIC
HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTOR STRUCTURE
The present disclosure claims priority from Chinese patent application No.
CN202110274580.3 and entitled "Mixing Chamber Structure for Prismatic High-Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor" filed on March 15, 2021.
Technical Field The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of reactor, and particularly relates to a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure.
Background Art The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor refers to a nuclear reactor which uses helium as a coolant and has a high outlet temperature. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor adopts high-containment fuel and uses graphite as a moderator. An outlet temperature of a reactor core is 850-1000 C or even higher. Nuclear fuel generally adopts high-concentration uranium dioxide, and low-concentration uranium dioxide is also adopted. According to the shape of the reactor core, the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is classified into pebble bed type high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and prismatic type high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor has the advantages of high thermal efficiency (40-41%), high burnup (maximally up to 20MWd/t uranium), high conversion ratio (0.7-0.8) and the like. Since helium has good chemical stability, excellent heat conductivity and small induced radioactivity, the residual heat can be safely brought out after shutdown of the reactor, exhibiting a sound safety performance.
UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is a fourth-generation reactor and its design advantage of high inherent safety has been verified by experiments. The reactor core of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is a reactor core structure formed by splicing and stacking a plurality of prismatic assemblies by layers and sections. The prismatic assemblies include three types, i.e., fuel assembly, control rod block, and reflector block. The fuel assembly and a part of the control rod block are positioned in a central region of the reactor core, and the reflector block and the rest of the control rod block surround the central part. Each fuel assembly consists of fuel holes and coolant channels, and the fuel hole is configured to accommodate fuel compact, the coolant channel is configured to flow the coolant gas, and the fuel is cooled and then converged into a reactor outlet pipe. Practice shows that the helium in the reactor outlet pipe has the phenomenon of local excessive temperature, which has tremendous impact on the subsequent equipment, and the quality of the output heat source is low, which is disadvantageous for heat energy conversion.
Summary An object of the present disclosure is to provide a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which can ensure the converging, mixing and transportation of coolants, increase the uniformity of the coolants flowing out of a reactor core fuel zone, and meanwhile realize a certain neutron shielding function and improve the operation safety of the reactor.
In attaining this object, the present disclosure provides a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including an annular sidewall and a bottom plate, the annular sidewall being supported on and sealedly connected to the bottom plate, the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall, the annular sidewall and the bottom plate enclose and form a mixing
HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTOR, AND PRISMATIC
HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTOR STRUCTURE
The present disclosure claims priority from Chinese patent application No.
CN202110274580.3 and entitled "Mixing Chamber Structure for Prismatic High-Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor" filed on March 15, 2021.
Technical Field The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of reactor, and particularly relates to a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure.
Background Art The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor refers to a nuclear reactor which uses helium as a coolant and has a high outlet temperature. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor adopts high-containment fuel and uses graphite as a moderator. An outlet temperature of a reactor core is 850-1000 C or even higher. Nuclear fuel generally adopts high-concentration uranium dioxide, and low-concentration uranium dioxide is also adopted. According to the shape of the reactor core, the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is classified into pebble bed type high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and prismatic type high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor has the advantages of high thermal efficiency (40-41%), high burnup (maximally up to 20MWd/t uranium), high conversion ratio (0.7-0.8) and the like. Since helium has good chemical stability, excellent heat conductivity and small induced radioactivity, the residual heat can be safely brought out after shutdown of the reactor, exhibiting a sound safety performance.
UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is a fourth-generation reactor and its design advantage of high inherent safety has been verified by experiments. The reactor core of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is a reactor core structure formed by splicing and stacking a plurality of prismatic assemblies by layers and sections. The prismatic assemblies include three types, i.e., fuel assembly, control rod block, and reflector block. The fuel assembly and a part of the control rod block are positioned in a central region of the reactor core, and the reflector block and the rest of the control rod block surround the central part. Each fuel assembly consists of fuel holes and coolant channels, and the fuel hole is configured to accommodate fuel compact, the coolant channel is configured to flow the coolant gas, and the fuel is cooled and then converged into a reactor outlet pipe. Practice shows that the helium in the reactor outlet pipe has the phenomenon of local excessive temperature, which has tremendous impact on the subsequent equipment, and the quality of the output heat source is low, which is disadvantageous for heat energy conversion.
Summary An object of the present disclosure is to provide a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which can ensure the converging, mixing and transportation of coolants, increase the uniformity of the coolants flowing out of a reactor core fuel zone, and meanwhile realize a certain neutron shielding function and improve the operation safety of the reactor.
In attaining this object, the present disclosure provides a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including an annular sidewall and a bottom plate, the annular sidewall being supported on and sealedly connected to the bottom plate, the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall, the annular sidewall and the bottom plate enclose and form a mixing
2 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) chamber, the mixing chamber being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels, and an outlet flow channel is further disposed on the annular sidewall for communicating the mixing chamber with a reactor outlet pipe.
Further, the annular sidewall is made of graphite, and the bottom plate is made of a metal material.
Further, the annular sidewall and the bottom plate are both made of a neutron absorbing material.
Further, a plurality of support columns are disposed on an upper surface of the bottom plate, the support columns being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate and arranged in arrays.
Further, the support columns are made of a neutron absorbing material.
Further, the neutron-absorbing material comprises graphite or a boron-containing carbon material.
Further, the annular sidewall is formed by splicing a plurality of bricks in sequence along a circumferential direction of the annular sidewall.
Further, the annular sidewall corresponds to a reflector of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Further, the outlet flow channel is formed by an outlet nozzle penetrating through the annular sidewall.
Further, the outlet nozzle is cylindrical.
Further, the outlet nozzle has a diameter smaller than a height of the annular sidewall.
Further, the outlet nozzle is made of a metal material, and an inner wall of the outlet nozzle is provided with a heat insulation layer.
Further, the metal material includes 316H stainless steel or 800H stainless steel.
The present disclosure also provides a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure, including a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled
Further, the annular sidewall is made of graphite, and the bottom plate is made of a metal material.
Further, the annular sidewall and the bottom plate are both made of a neutron absorbing material.
Further, a plurality of support columns are disposed on an upper surface of the bottom plate, the support columns being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate and arranged in arrays.
Further, the support columns are made of a neutron absorbing material.
Further, the neutron-absorbing material comprises graphite or a boron-containing carbon material.
Further, the annular sidewall is formed by splicing a plurality of bricks in sequence along a circumferential direction of the annular sidewall.
Further, the annular sidewall corresponds to a reflector of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Further, the outlet flow channel is formed by an outlet nozzle penetrating through the annular sidewall.
Further, the outlet nozzle is cylindrical.
Further, the outlet nozzle has a diameter smaller than a height of the annular sidewall.
Further, the outlet nozzle is made of a metal material, and an inner wall of the outlet nozzle is provided with a heat insulation layer.
Further, the metal material includes 316H stainless steel or 800H stainless steel.
The present disclosure also provides a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure, including a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled
3 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) reactor core and the mixing chamber structure as described above, the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall of the mixing chamber structure.
Studies have shown that due to uneven power distribution of the reactor core, the coolant temperature in the coolant channel near the central region of the reactor core is high and the coolant temperature in the coolant channel near the peripheral region of the reactor core is low, with a difference between being even hundreds of degrees celsius. Taking the temperature limit value of the material into consideration, without mixing, the gas of uneven temperature directly flowing out of the reactor core would have tremendous impact on the subsequent equipment, and since a quality of a working medium is not high, it is disadvantageous for converting the heat energy into electric energy. By disposing a mixing chamber structure at the bottom of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the present disclosure can converge, mix and transport coolants, increase the uniformity of the coolants flowing out of the reactor core fuel zone, and improve the operation safety of the reactor. In addition, the annular sidewall made of a neutron absorbing material not only serves as a support structure for the reactor core but also is configured to shield radiation of the reactor. The neutron absorbing material is preferably a high-temperature resistant material such as graphite and boron-containing carbon that can not only bear the impact of the high-temperature gas flow at the outlet of the reactor core, but also function to maintain gas-tightness of the mixing chamber, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a mixing chamber for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a
Studies have shown that due to uneven power distribution of the reactor core, the coolant temperature in the coolant channel near the central region of the reactor core is high and the coolant temperature in the coolant channel near the peripheral region of the reactor core is low, with a difference between being even hundreds of degrees celsius. Taking the temperature limit value of the material into consideration, without mixing, the gas of uneven temperature directly flowing out of the reactor core would have tremendous impact on the subsequent equipment, and since a quality of a working medium is not high, it is disadvantageous for converting the heat energy into electric energy. By disposing a mixing chamber structure at the bottom of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the present disclosure can converge, mix and transport coolants, increase the uniformity of the coolants flowing out of the reactor core fuel zone, and improve the operation safety of the reactor. In addition, the annular sidewall made of a neutron absorbing material not only serves as a support structure for the reactor core but also is configured to shield radiation of the reactor. The neutron absorbing material is preferably a high-temperature resistant material such as graphite and boron-containing carbon that can not only bear the impact of the high-temperature gas flow at the outlet of the reactor core, but also function to maintain gas-tightness of the mixing chamber, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a mixing chamber for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a
4 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) mixing chamber for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
List of reference signs:
1-brick, 2-support column, 3-bottom plate, 4-outlet nozzle, 5-mixing chamber, and 6-outlet flow channel.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments To make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be further described in details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below and examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which the same or similar reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or equivalent elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present disclosure and are not construed as limiting the present disclosure.
Embodiment 1 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present disclosure provides a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including an annular sidewall made of graphite and a bottom plate 3 made of a metal material, the annular sidewall being supported on and sealedly connected to the bottom plate 3, the prismatic high temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall.
The annular sidewall and the bottom plate (3) enclose and form a mixing chamber (5), the mixing chamber (5) being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels.
An outlet flow channel (6) is further disposed on the annular sidewall for
List of reference signs:
1-brick, 2-support column, 3-bottom plate, 4-outlet nozzle, 5-mixing chamber, and 6-outlet flow channel.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments To make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be further described in details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below and examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which the same or similar reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or equivalent elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present disclosure and are not construed as limiting the present disclosure.
Embodiment 1 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present disclosure provides a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including an annular sidewall made of graphite and a bottom plate 3 made of a metal material, the annular sidewall being supported on and sealedly connected to the bottom plate 3, the prismatic high temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall.
The annular sidewall and the bottom plate (3) enclose and form a mixing chamber (5), the mixing chamber (5) being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels.
An outlet flow channel (6) is further disposed on the annular sidewall for
5 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) communicating the mixing chamber (5) with a reactor outlet pipe. The coolants flowing out from a bottom of the respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor can be mixed in the mixing chamber 5 and then flow out through the outlet flow channel 6, so that a chamber for converging, mixing and circulating the coolants is thus formed, and finally the uniformly mixed coolants are led out of the reactor core.
A plurality of support columns 2 are disposed on an upper surface of the bottom plate 3, the support columns 2 being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 and arranged in arrays.
The supporting columns 2 are made of a metal material.
The sidewall is annular and is composed of a plurality of graphite bricks 1, and the graphite bricks 1 have different structures but consistent height.
The outlet flow channel 6 is formed by an outlet nozzle 4 penetrating through the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is cylindrical.
The outlet nozzle 4 has a diameter smaller than the height of the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is made of a metal material.
The number, shape and size of the graphite bricks 1 are determined according to the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor. The graphite bricks 1 constituting the sidewall of the mixing chamber correspond to a reflector on the reactor core side and function to support the mixing chamber 5, maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect a core barrel and a pressure vessel (the graphite bricks 1 provide support for the reflector on the reactor core side and a fuel zone). The graphite bricks 1 are reasonably designed in their design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The number, shape and size of the support columns 2 are determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor. The support columns 2 may be cylindrical, prismatic and
A plurality of support columns 2 are disposed on an upper surface of the bottom plate 3, the support columns 2 being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 and arranged in arrays.
The supporting columns 2 are made of a metal material.
The sidewall is annular and is composed of a plurality of graphite bricks 1, and the graphite bricks 1 have different structures but consistent height.
The outlet flow channel 6 is formed by an outlet nozzle 4 penetrating through the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is cylindrical.
The outlet nozzle 4 has a diameter smaller than the height of the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is made of a metal material.
The number, shape and size of the graphite bricks 1 are determined according to the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor. The graphite bricks 1 constituting the sidewall of the mixing chamber correspond to a reflector on the reactor core side and function to support the mixing chamber 5, maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect a core barrel and a pressure vessel (the graphite bricks 1 provide support for the reflector on the reactor core side and a fuel zone). The graphite bricks 1 are reasonably designed in their design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The number, shape and size of the support columns 2 are determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor. The support columns 2 may be cylindrical, prismatic and
6 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) the like, and the support columns 2 are supported between a graphite zone of a reflector under the reactor core and the bottom plate 3, so as to function to support the mixing chamber 5, mix the coolants and prevent high-temperature coolants flowing out of the reactor core from directly impacting the bottom plate 3, and meanwhile, exhibit an enhanced capability of bearing the fuel zone of the reactor core. The support columns 2 are reasonably designed in their design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The size of the bottom plate 3 is determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor.
The shape of the bottom plate 3 corresponding to the reactor core is generally round, and functions to support the entire reactor core, maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, and protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel from the heat damage of the reactor core. The bottom plate 3 are reasonably designed in its design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The outlet nozzle 4 is disposed on a side surface of the mixing chamber 5 and has a diameter slightly smaller than the height of the graphite bricks 1 of the mixing chamber 5. The outlet nozzle 4 guides the coolants mixed uniformly in the mixing chamber 5 out of the reactor core.
The metal material employed for the support columns 2, the bottom plate 3 and the outlet nozzle 4 is suitable for the high-temperature environment of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and include 31611 stainless steel or 80011 stainless steel.
Embodiment 2 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which includes an annular sidewall and a bottom plate 3, the annular sidewall being supported on and sealedly connected to the bottom plate 3, partial components of
The size of the bottom plate 3 is determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor.
The shape of the bottom plate 3 corresponding to the reactor core is generally round, and functions to support the entire reactor core, maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, and protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel from the heat damage of the reactor core. The bottom plate 3 are reasonably designed in its design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The outlet nozzle 4 is disposed on a side surface of the mixing chamber 5 and has a diameter slightly smaller than the height of the graphite bricks 1 of the mixing chamber 5. The outlet nozzle 4 guides the coolants mixed uniformly in the mixing chamber 5 out of the reactor core.
The metal material employed for the support columns 2, the bottom plate 3 and the outlet nozzle 4 is suitable for the high-temperature environment of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and include 31611 stainless steel or 80011 stainless steel.
Embodiment 2 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which includes an annular sidewall and a bottom plate 3, the annular sidewall being supported on and sealedly connected to the bottom plate 3, partial components of
7 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) the reactor core of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall.
The annular sidewall and the bottom plate 3 enclose and form a mixing chamber 5, the mixing chamber 5 being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out from the respective coolant channels.
An outlet flow channel 6 is further disposed on the annular sidewall for communicating the mixing chamber 5 with the reactor outlet pipe. The coolants flowing out from the bottom of the respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor may be mixed in the mixing chamber 5 and then flow out through the outlet flow channel 6, so that a chamber for converging, mixing and circulating the coolants is thus formed, and finally the uniformly mixed coolants are led out of the reactor core.
A plurality of support columns 2 are disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 3, the support columns 2 being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 and arranged in arrays.
The annular sidewall, the bottom plate 3 and the support columns 2 are all made of a neutron absorbing material. The neutron absorbing material is preferably a high-temperature resistant material such as graphite and boron-containing carbon that can not only bear the impact of the high-temperature airflow at the outlet of the reactor core, but also function to maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel. The neutron absorbing material is designed and selected according to the shielding requirements of different reactor types.
The sidewall is composed of a plurality of bricks 1, the bricks 1 having different structures but consistent height.
The outlet flow channel 6 is formed by an outlet nozzle 4 penetrating through the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is cylindrical.
The annular sidewall and the bottom plate 3 enclose and form a mixing chamber 5, the mixing chamber 5 being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out from the respective coolant channels.
An outlet flow channel 6 is further disposed on the annular sidewall for communicating the mixing chamber 5 with the reactor outlet pipe. The coolants flowing out from the bottom of the respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor may be mixed in the mixing chamber 5 and then flow out through the outlet flow channel 6, so that a chamber for converging, mixing and circulating the coolants is thus formed, and finally the uniformly mixed coolants are led out of the reactor core.
A plurality of support columns 2 are disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 3, the support columns 2 being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 and arranged in arrays.
The annular sidewall, the bottom plate 3 and the support columns 2 are all made of a neutron absorbing material. The neutron absorbing material is preferably a high-temperature resistant material such as graphite and boron-containing carbon that can not only bear the impact of the high-temperature airflow at the outlet of the reactor core, but also function to maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel. The neutron absorbing material is designed and selected according to the shielding requirements of different reactor types.
The sidewall is composed of a plurality of bricks 1, the bricks 1 having different structures but consistent height.
The outlet flow channel 6 is formed by an outlet nozzle 4 penetrating through the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is cylindrical.
8 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-II) The outlet nozzle 4 has a diameter smaller than the height of the sidewall.
The outlet nozzle 4 is made of a metal material, and an inner wall of the outlet nozzle 4 is provided with a heat insulation layer made of a high-temperature resistant material.
The number, shape and size of the bricks 1 are determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the reactor.
The graphite bricks 1 constituting the sidewall of the mixing chamber 5 correspond to a reflector on the reactor core side and function not only to build the mixing chamber 5, maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect a core barrel and a pressure vessel (the graphite bricks 1 provide support for the reflector on the reactor core side and a fuel zone), but also provide support for partial structures of the reactor core. The bricks 1 are reasonably designed in their design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The number, shape and size of the support columns 2 are determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the reactor. The support columns 2 may be cylindrical, prismatic or polygonal, and the like, and the support columns 2 are supported between a region at a reflector under the reactor core and the bottom plate 3, so as to function to converge and mix the coolants and prevent high-temperature coolants flowing out of the reactor core from directly impacting the bottom plate 3, and meanwhile, exhibit an enhanced capability of bearing the fuel zone of the reactor core. The support columns 2 are reasonably designed in its design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The size of the bottom plate 3 is determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor.
The shape of the bottom plate 3 corresponding to the pressure vessel of the reactor is generally round, and functions to support the entire reactor core, maintain
The outlet nozzle 4 is made of a metal material, and an inner wall of the outlet nozzle 4 is provided with a heat insulation layer made of a high-temperature resistant material.
The number, shape and size of the bricks 1 are determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the reactor.
The graphite bricks 1 constituting the sidewall of the mixing chamber 5 correspond to a reflector on the reactor core side and function not only to build the mixing chamber 5, maintain air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, prevent neutron leakage and isolate heat transfer of the reactor core, so as to protect a core barrel and a pressure vessel (the graphite bricks 1 provide support for the reflector on the reactor core side and a fuel zone), but also provide support for partial structures of the reactor core. The bricks 1 are reasonably designed in their design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The number, shape and size of the support columns 2 are determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the reactor. The support columns 2 may be cylindrical, prismatic or polygonal, and the like, and the support columns 2 are supported between a region at a reflector under the reactor core and the bottom plate 3, so as to function to converge and mix the coolants and prevent high-temperature coolants flowing out of the reactor core from directly impacting the bottom plate 3, and meanwhile, exhibit an enhanced capability of bearing the fuel zone of the reactor core. The support columns 2 are reasonably designed in its design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The size of the bottom plate 3 is determined according to the requirements on the structural design of the internal components of the graphite reactor.
The shape of the bottom plate 3 corresponding to the pressure vessel of the reactor is generally round, and functions to support the entire reactor core, maintain
9 UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-11) air-tightness of the mixing chamber 5, and protect the core barrel and the pressure vessel from the heat damage of the reactor core. The bottom plate 3 is reasonably designed in its design drawings, by mainly considering the requirements on the size and structural form of the reactor core.
The outlet nozzle 4 is at a side surface of the mixing chamber 5 and has a diameter slightly smaller than the height of the bricks 1 of the mixing chamber 5.
The outlet nozzle 4 guides the coolants uniformly mixed in the mixing chamber out of the reactor core.
The metal material adopted by the outlet nozzle 4 is suitable for the high-temperature environment of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and preferably adopts a high temperature resistant stainless steel, including 316H stainless steel or 800H stainless steel.
Finally, the practical application of the mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor provided by the present disclosure is described. During the operation of the reactor, the temperature of coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels is different due to different fuel power of the respective regions of the reactor core. Coolants of different temperatures flow from the coolant channels at the reflector under the reactor core into the mixing chamber 5 at the bottom of the reactor core and is mixed inside the mixing chamber 5. The support columns 2 further promote mixing of the coolants while providing support, so that the temperature of the coolants becomes more even. The sufficient mixing of the coolants alleviates the thermal shock on the bottom plate 3, increases the operation safety of the reactor and lowers the requirements on high-temperature resistance of the bottom plate 3.
The well-mixed coolants flow out of the reactor core along the outlet nozzle 4.
Embodiment 3 The present embodiment provides a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure, including a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and the mixing chamber structure of Embodiment 1, partial components of the UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-11) reactor core of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall of the mixing chamber structure.
It should be understood that above embodiments are just examples for illustrating the principle of the present disclosure, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also deemed as falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The outlet nozzle 4 is at a side surface of the mixing chamber 5 and has a diameter slightly smaller than the height of the bricks 1 of the mixing chamber 5.
The outlet nozzle 4 guides the coolants uniformly mixed in the mixing chamber out of the reactor core.
The metal material adopted by the outlet nozzle 4 is suitable for the high-temperature environment of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and preferably adopts a high temperature resistant stainless steel, including 316H stainless steel or 800H stainless steel.
Finally, the practical application of the mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor provided by the present disclosure is described. During the operation of the reactor, the temperature of coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels is different due to different fuel power of the respective regions of the reactor core. Coolants of different temperatures flow from the coolant channels at the reflector under the reactor core into the mixing chamber 5 at the bottom of the reactor core and is mixed inside the mixing chamber 5. The support columns 2 further promote mixing of the coolants while providing support, so that the temperature of the coolants becomes more even. The sufficient mixing of the coolants alleviates the thermal shock on the bottom plate 3, increases the operation safety of the reactor and lowers the requirements on high-temperature resistance of the bottom plate 3.
The well-mixed coolants flow out of the reactor core along the outlet nozzle 4.
Embodiment 3 The present embodiment provides a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure, including a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and the mixing chamber structure of Embodiment 1, partial components of the UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-11) reactor core of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor being supported on and sealedly connected to the annular sidewall of the mixing chamber structure.
It should be understood that above embodiments are just examples for illustrating the principle of the present disclosure, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also deemed as falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (14)
1. A mixing chamber structure for a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising: an annular sidewall and a bottom plate (3), wherein the annular sidewall is supported on and in sealed connection with the bottom plate (3), and the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is supported on and in sealed connection with the annular sidewall;
the annular sidewall and the bottom plate (3) enclose and form a mixing chamber (5), the mixing chamber (5) being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels; and an outlet flow channel (6) is further disposed on the annular sidewall for communicating the mixing chamber (5) with a reactor outlet pipe.
the annular sidewall and the bottom plate (3) enclose and form a mixing chamber (5), the mixing chamber (5) being in communication with respective coolant channels of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for mixing coolants flowing out of the respective coolant channels; and an outlet flow channel (6) is further disposed on the annular sidewall for communicating the mixing chamber (5) with a reactor outlet pipe.
2. The mixing chamber structure of claim 1, wherein the annular sidewall is made of graphite, and the bottom plate (3) is made of a metal material.
3. The mixing chamber structure of claim 1, wherein the annular sidewall and the bottom plate (3) are both made of a neutron absorbing material.
4. The mixing chamber structure of claim 1, wherein a plurality of support columns (2) are disposed on an upper surface of the bottom plate (3), the support columns (2) being perpendicular to the upper surface of the bottom plate (3) and arranged in arrays.
5. The mixing chamber structure of claim 4, wherein the support columns (2) are made of a neutron absorbing material.
6. The mixing chamber structure of claim 3 or 5, wherein the neutron-absorbing material comprises graphite or a boron-containing carbon UP-226458-6068CA (ZL2020265-H) material.
7. The mixing chamber structure of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the annular sidewall is formed by splicing a plurality of bricks (1) in sequence along a circumferential direction of the annular sidewall.
8. The mixing chamber structure of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the annular sidewall corresponds to a reflector of the prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
9. The mixing chamber structure of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an outlet flow channel (6) is formed by an outlet nozzle (4) penetrating through the annular sidewall.
10. The mixing chamber structure of claim 9, wherein the outlet nozzle (4) is cylindrical.
11. The mixing chamber structure of claim 10, wherein the outlet nozzle (4) has a diameter smaller than a height of the annular sidewall.
12. The mixing chamber structure of claim 9, wherein the outlet nozzle (4) is made of a metal material, and an inner wall of the outlet nozzle is provided with a heat insulation layer (4).
13. The mixing chamber structure of claim 12, wherein the metal material comprises 316H stainless steel or 80011 stainless steel.
14. A prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure, comprising:
a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and the mixing chamber structure of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the prismatic high-temperature
a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and the mixing chamber structure of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the prismatic high-temperature
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110274580.3A CN113178267B (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2021-03-15 | A hybrid chamber structure for prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor |
| CN202110274580.3 | 2021-03-15 | ||
| PCT/CN2022/076982 WO2022193905A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2022-02-21 | Mixing chamber structure for prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor structure |
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| CA3207375A1 true CA3207375A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
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| CN (1) | CN113178267B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3207375A1 (en) |
| SA (1) | SA523450447B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022193905A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA202307645B (en) |
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| CN113178267B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2023-11-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A hybrid chamber structure for prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor |
| CN116130120A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-05-16 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A carbon material body-confined structure and a horizontal gas-cooled reactor |
| CN117079842B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2024-06-04 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | A side gap flow blocking device for high temperature gas-cooled reactor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2131886B1 (en) * | 1971-04-01 | 1974-03-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | |
| FR2134265A1 (en) * | 1971-04-29 | 1972-12-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Nuclear fuel element - prismatic in shape for high temp reactor |
| DE2854155A1 (en) * | 1978-12-15 | 1980-07-03 | Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh | GAS-COOLED HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTOR WITH A CARTRIDGED CONSTRUCTION |
| US4764339A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High flux reactor |
| KR100871284B1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2008-11-28 | 한국원자력연구원 | Cooling Pressure Vessel Structure in Block Type Core High Temperature Gas Furnace |
| CN103871529B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-08-17 | 清华大学 | A kind of end reflection layer structure of high temperature pebble-bed gas-cooled reactor |
| CN112201369B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-01-19 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Upper reflection layer structure, reactor core structure and high-temperature gas cooled reactor |
| CN112216408A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-12 | 新核（北京）能源科技有限公司 | Fuel elements, high temperature gas cooled reactors, high temperature gas cooled reactor systems |
| CN113178267B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2023-11-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A hybrid chamber structure for prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor |
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| CN113178267B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
| CN113178267A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
| SA523450447B1 (en) | 2024-05-23 |
| WO2022193905A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
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