CA2534168A1 - Hydrogen generating apparatus - Google Patents
Hydrogen generating apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2534168A1 CA2534168A1 CA002534168A CA2534168A CA2534168A1 CA 2534168 A1 CA2534168 A1 CA 2534168A1 CA 002534168 A CA002534168 A CA 002534168A CA 2534168 A CA2534168 A CA 2534168A CA 2534168 A1 CA2534168 A1 CA 2534168A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen generating
- hydrogen
- housing
- generating apparatus
- concentration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
- F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Hydrogen Generating Apparatus Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic view of a hydrogen generating apparatus according to the present invention.
Description of Various Embodiments A hydrogen generating apparatus includes a hydrogen generating cell, a housing about the hydrogen generating cell, a space between the hydrogen generating cell and the housing, a sensor in the housing capable of sensing a concentration of hydrogen in the space and a system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus in response to a selected concentration of hydrogen being sensed at the sensor.
In one embodiment, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may include a function for shutting down operation of the hydrogen generating cell in response to the selected concentration. In another embodiment, the apparatus may include a fan mounted in the housing that is operable to exhaust gases from the space and, thereby from the housing. In such an embodiment, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may include a function for starting operation of the fan in response to the selected concentration.
In one embodiment, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may include a first function that drives operation of the fan at a first selected concentration and a second function that shuts down operation of the hydrogen generating cell in response to the sensing of a second selected concentration that is higher than the first selected concentration.
Hydrogen generating cells are often formed, selected and/or configured to accommodate high concentrations of hydrogen gas without a substantial risk of explosion.
However, DMSLegal\045401 \00024\2260583v I I
leaks in the cell that permit a build up of hydrogen gas in the space between the cell and the housing may create an explosion risk. Thus, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may be selected to maintain any concentration of hydrogen gas in the housing and which is not contained in the hydrogen generating cell below the explosive limit for hydrogen gas. It is believed that the explosive limit of hydrogen gas is about 40,000 ppm. In one embodiment therefore, the system may monitor for a selected concentration that is determined to be safe but of concern. For example, the selected concentration may be selected to be less than about 90%
of the explosive limit, such as less than about 30,000 ppm. However, the selected concentration may be selected to be much less than the explosive limit such as less than 10,000 or less than 7,500 ppm.
Where a two stage control is used, a lower limit may be selected to drive exhaust of hydrogen gas from the housing space and a second limit higher than the lower limit is selected for a hydrogen gas generation shut down condition.
In one embodiment, the system can also monitor the number of times the selected concentration is reached and may include a function for shutting down operation of the cell once a selected limit is reached. For example, the apparatus may be configured to shut down if the selected concentration is reached 4 times or 6 times or more.
It may be useful if the system may only be restarted after a shut down if the apparatus is serviced. Thus, it may be useful if the system includes a function that only permits a restart by entry of a pass code, such as may be controlled and used only by a service representative.
The system may include a function to advise an operator of the apparatus that the system has been shut down, such as a function to generate a "Service Required"
signal.
The sensor capable of sensing hydrogen gas concentration may be selected to include any of various devices, mechanisms and systems, as will be appreciated by a skilled person.
DMSLegal\045401 \00024\2260583v1 2 The housing may take various forms. In one embodiment for example, the housing may be formed to protect the cell from tampering, from impact by objects or from the elements. The housing may be formed for mounting internally in a vehicle or externally on the vehicle, as desired.
The space may accommodate gas lines, electrical lines, devices for operation control and/or monitoring of the hydrogen generating cell, etc. in addition to the sensor.
DMS Legnl\045401 \00024\2260583 v 1 3
Description of Various Embodiments A hydrogen generating apparatus includes a hydrogen generating cell, a housing about the hydrogen generating cell, a space between the hydrogen generating cell and the housing, a sensor in the housing capable of sensing a concentration of hydrogen in the space and a system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus in response to a selected concentration of hydrogen being sensed at the sensor.
In one embodiment, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may include a function for shutting down operation of the hydrogen generating cell in response to the selected concentration. In another embodiment, the apparatus may include a fan mounted in the housing that is operable to exhaust gases from the space and, thereby from the housing. In such an embodiment, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may include a function for starting operation of the fan in response to the selected concentration.
In one embodiment, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may include a first function that drives operation of the fan at a first selected concentration and a second function that shuts down operation of the hydrogen generating cell in response to the sensing of a second selected concentration that is higher than the first selected concentration.
Hydrogen generating cells are often formed, selected and/or configured to accommodate high concentrations of hydrogen gas without a substantial risk of explosion.
However, DMSLegal\045401 \00024\2260583v I I
leaks in the cell that permit a build up of hydrogen gas in the space between the cell and the housing may create an explosion risk. Thus, the system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus may be selected to maintain any concentration of hydrogen gas in the housing and which is not contained in the hydrogen generating cell below the explosive limit for hydrogen gas. It is believed that the explosive limit of hydrogen gas is about 40,000 ppm. In one embodiment therefore, the system may monitor for a selected concentration that is determined to be safe but of concern. For example, the selected concentration may be selected to be less than about 90%
of the explosive limit, such as less than about 30,000 ppm. However, the selected concentration may be selected to be much less than the explosive limit such as less than 10,000 or less than 7,500 ppm.
Where a two stage control is used, a lower limit may be selected to drive exhaust of hydrogen gas from the housing space and a second limit higher than the lower limit is selected for a hydrogen gas generation shut down condition.
In one embodiment, the system can also monitor the number of times the selected concentration is reached and may include a function for shutting down operation of the cell once a selected limit is reached. For example, the apparatus may be configured to shut down if the selected concentration is reached 4 times or 6 times or more.
It may be useful if the system may only be restarted after a shut down if the apparatus is serviced. Thus, it may be useful if the system includes a function that only permits a restart by entry of a pass code, such as may be controlled and used only by a service representative.
The system may include a function to advise an operator of the apparatus that the system has been shut down, such as a function to generate a "Service Required"
signal.
The sensor capable of sensing hydrogen gas concentration may be selected to include any of various devices, mechanisms and systems, as will be appreciated by a skilled person.
DMSLegal\045401 \00024\2260583v1 2 The housing may take various forms. In one embodiment for example, the housing may be formed to protect the cell from tampering, from impact by objects or from the elements. The housing may be formed for mounting internally in a vehicle or externally on the vehicle, as desired.
The space may accommodate gas lines, electrical lines, devices for operation control and/or monitoring of the hydrogen generating cell, etc. in addition to the sensor.
DMS Legnl\045401 \00024\2260583 v 1 3
Claims
1. A hydrogen generating apparatus includes a hydrogen generating cell, a housing about the hydrogen generating cell, a space between the hydrogen generating cell and the housing, a sensor in the housing capable of sensing a concentration of hydrogen in the space and a system for controlling operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus in response to a selected concentration of hydrogen being sensed at the sensor.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002534168A CA2534168A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2006-01-27 | Hydrogen generating apparatus |
| US12/514,947 US20100025258A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-29 | Hydrogen generating apparatus with hydrogen concentration sensors |
| CA002670137A CA2670137A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-29 | Hydrogen generating apparatus with hydrogen concentration sensors |
| PCT/CA2007/000125 WO2007085092A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-29 | Hydrogen generating apparatus with hydrogen concentration sensors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002534168A CA2534168A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2006-01-27 | Hydrogen generating apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2534168A1 true CA2534168A1 (en) | 2007-07-27 |
Family
ID=38308810
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002534168A Abandoned CA2534168A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2006-01-27 | Hydrogen generating apparatus |
| CA002670137A Abandoned CA2670137A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-29 | Hydrogen generating apparatus with hydrogen concentration sensors |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002670137A Abandoned CA2670137A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-29 | Hydrogen generating apparatus with hydrogen concentration sensors |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100025258A1 (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2534168A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007085092A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2534604A1 (en) | 2006-01-30 | 2007-07-30 | Hy-Drive Technologies Ltd. | Gas liquid separator for hydrogen generating apparatus |
| US20100314259A1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-12-16 | Etorus, Inc. | Electrolytic hydrogen generating system |
| ITUD20100061A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-02 | Cappellari Roberto | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONSUMPTION HYDROGEN PRODUCTION. |
| NL2022332B1 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-23 | Univ Delft Tech | Electrolytic cell for H2 generation |
| ES2902080T3 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2022-03-24 | Glock Oekoenergie Gmbh | electrolytic cell |
| US11670483B2 (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2023-06-06 | Axcelis Technologies, Inc. | High power wafer cooling |
| KR102771529B1 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2025-02-20 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Hydroelectric system and control method of the same |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5105773A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1992-04-21 | Alternate Fuels, Inc. | Method and apparatus for enhancing combustion in an internal combustion engine through electrolysis |
| US6332434B1 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2001-12-25 | Fatpower Inc. | Hydrogen generating apparatus and components therefor |
| US6336430B2 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2002-01-08 | Fatpower Inc. | Hydrogen generating apparatus |
| CA2539113A1 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2000-10-21 | Hy-Drive Technologies Ltd. | Internal gas dryer for electrochemical cell |
| US6468412B2 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-10-22 | United States Filter Corporation | Apparatus and method for venting hydrogen from an electrolytic cell |
| CA2688798A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-19 | Hy-Drive Technologies Ltd. | Hydrogen generating apparatus and components therefor |
| CA2413591A1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-05-28 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Fuel cell system for operation at pressures below the pressure of the surrounding environment and method of operation thereof |
| BR0302900A (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2004-07-06 | Mitsubishi Corp | High pressure hydrogen production apparatus and production method |
| CA2400775C (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2010-12-07 | Fatpower Inc. | Electrolyzer |
| US7090943B2 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2006-08-15 | Plug Power Inc. | Regulating the communication of power to components of a fuel cell system |
| WO2005057686A2 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2005-06-23 | Proton Energy Systems, Inc. | System of generating hydrogen and method thereof |
| WO2006047876A1 (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-05-11 | Hy-Drive Technologies Ltd. | Electrolysis cell electrolyte pumping system |
| AU2006201027B2 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2011-01-06 | Hy-Drive Technologies Ltd. | Hydrogen generating apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-01-27 CA CA002534168A patent/CA2534168A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-01-29 US US12/514,947 patent/US20100025258A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-01-29 WO PCT/CA2007/000125 patent/WO2007085092A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-01-29 CA CA002670137A patent/CA2670137A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007085092A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
| US20100025258A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
| CA2670137A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20080430 |