CA2213377A1 - Permanent ink jet imaging of cellulosic textile material - Google Patents
Permanent ink jet imaging of cellulosic textile materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA2213377A1 CA2213377A1 CA 2213377 CA2213377A CA2213377A1 CA 2213377 A1 CA2213377 A1 CA 2213377A1 CA 2213377 CA2213377 CA 2213377 CA 2213377 A CA2213377 A CA 2213377A CA 2213377 A1 CA2213377 A1 CA 2213377A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pretreatment solution
- fabric
- hydroxyalkyl
- imine derivative
- pretreated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 hydroxyalkyl imine Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001466538 Gymnogyps Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000982 direct dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
- D06P1/65118—Compounds containing hydroxyl groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
- D06P1/5264—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- D06P1/5278—Polyamides; Polyimides; Polylactames; Polyalkyleneimines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
- D06P1/5264—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- D06P1/5285—Polyurethanes; Polyurea; Polyguanides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/607—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/607—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives
- D06P1/6076—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives addition products of amines and alkylene oxides or oxiranes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
- D06P1/649—Compounds containing carbonamide, thiocarbonamide or guanyl groups
- D06P1/6491—(Thio)urea or (cyclic) derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/30—Ink jet printing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
- D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
- D06P3/62—Natural or regenerated cellulose using direct dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
- D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
- D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
A pretreatment solution for a cellulosic fabric to be printed, allows the printed fabric to maintain color brightness and image permanence. The pretreatment solution comprises a mixture of water, a salt, and a hydroxyalkyl imine derivative. The hydroxyalkyl imine derivative is selected from the group consisting of branched polyethyleneimine polymer, diphenylguanidine, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the branched polyethyleneimine polymer comprises ethoxylated polyethyleneimine.
Description
PERMANENT INK JET IMAGING OF
CELLULOSIC TEXTILE MATERIAL
Technical Field The present invention relates to cellulosic fabrics that are to be printed or dyed and, more particularly, to a pretreatment solution for the cellulosic fabric.
Background Art Currently, textile printing by conventional manual methods can take many months from the initial submission of a design to production. The major bottleneck in this lengthy process is the production of the multicolor design at the sample print stage, because a different screen has to be produced on the textile substrate for each color in the design.
Various textile printing processes are known in the art, such as the method for textile printing disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,702,742; the process for ink jet printing on textiles disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,725,849; and the ink jet printing process disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,358,558, all of which are totally incorporated herein by reference.
Full color graphics printing with such continuous ink jet systems is being developed and practiced by Scitex Digital Printing, Inc., in Dayton, Ohio. Imaging in the digital color press is done with four separate and independent printheads.
Each head images a different one of the primary colors, cyan, magenta, yellow or black. The printheads are of the binary, continuous ink jet type, and employ planar charging technology known in the art. One challenge with developing a digital color press is to formulate inks which will run in the digital color press. An ink formulation capable of producing high quality acceptable print, which will run in a digital color press system, is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,601,639, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ACHIEVING RUNNABILITY AND JET
STRAIGHTNESS FOR A DIGITAL COLOR PRESS, totally incorporated herein by reference.
Other patents describe ink jet inks containing a reactive dye, such as U.S. Patent Nos.
4,849,770 and 5,250,121, totally incorporated herein by reference. In order to print cellulosic material with reactive dyes, the textile must be pretreated with a mixture of chemicals, such as inorganic salts, to improve substantivity of the dye to the fabric, alkalies to help dye fixation, starches and urea. The material is then dried, printed with dyes or pigments, dried, steamed to fix the dyes, washed to remove unfixed dyes and chemicals, and dried.
It is seen then that it would be desirable to be able to dramatically reduce the complexity of textile printing processes, and simplify the production of multicolor design.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides for a dramatic reduction in the complexity of textile printing processes. To achieve this, the present invention proposes to pretreat the cellulosic fabric by immersing the fabric that is to be printed in a dilute solution of ethoxylated polyethylenimine, drying, jetting with inks, and drying again. Air drying is feasible with the present invention, eliminating a costly and complex steam fixation operation. The present invention further proposes using the cyan, magenta, yellow and black (C, M, Y, K) system of a digital color press to generate multiple colors and shades.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pretreatment solution comprises water, a salt and a hydroxyalkyl imine derivative selected from the group consisting of branched polyethyleneimine polymer and diphenylguanidine.
It is an object of the present invention to dramatically reduce the complexity of textile printing processes. It is an advantage of the present invention that it provides a pretreatment solution that does not adversely affect brightness and print quality. It is yet another advantage that a fabric, when treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention, can be printed not only with reactive dyes, but also with any direct dye, and still produce permanent images. It is a further advantage of the present invention that the waste effluent from the invention process will be much less contaminated and easier to handle than the waste from the conventional printing process.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.
Detailed Description of the Invention In accordance with the present invention, fabric that is to be printed or dyed is treated with a dilute solution of an N-hydroxyalkyl imine, such as ethoxylated polyethylenimine or diphenylguanidine, prior to being jetted with inks.
The present invention proposes using the cyan, magenta, yellow and black (C, M, Y, K) system of a digital color press to generate varying ink shades for printing on the fabric. A fabric treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention can produce permanent images when printed with reactive or direct dyes.
The cellulosic fabric pretreatment solution of the present invention comprises a salt to help the fabric take up the dye, an N-hydroxyalkyl imine to encourage color integrity and permanence in the printed fabric, and water. The N-hydroxyalkyl imine is preferably selected from the group comprising branched polyethyleneimine polymer, such as ethoxylated polyethyleneimine substituted at about 80~ of the available nitrogens, and diphenylguanidine. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the EPI has molecular weight in the range of 40,000 to 60,000.
The following examples illustrate various formulations for the pretreatment solution of the present invention, and the resultant effectiveness of each embodiment. Although the pretreatment solutions described below comprise ammonium sulfate, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other salts can be used to achieve similar results.
Example 1 Deionized water 99.0 Ammonium Sulfate 1.0 Example 2 Deionized water 94.0 polyethyleneimine 5.0 Ammonium Sulfate 1.0 Example 3 Deionized water 94.0 EPI 5.0 Ammonium Sulfate 1.0 To determine the effectiveness of the solutions in each Example above, prewashed samples of cellulosic material were immersed in the solutions of Examples 1, 2 and 3. Each wet sample was air dried. The dried sample was imaged with continuous ink jet inks, such as commercially available Scitex 3600 Black Ink 1, 1007 Black, condor N Red and Condor N Blue. The imaged samples were again dried, by suitable means such as heat drying. The samples were then tested for permanence by soaking the samples in hot water, having a temperature, for example, of 70 to 80 degrees Celsius, for a period of five minutes.
Samples obtained in Example 1, comprising water and salt, showed severe deterioration of color after soaking in hot water.
Samples obtained in Example 2, where polyethyleneimine has been added to the mixture of Example 1, showed considerable advantage in permanence over Example 1, but still showed slight bleeding and fading. Samples obtained in Example 3, where the polyethyleneimine is ethoxylated, showed excellent permanence and preservation of color integrity. No bleeding was observed using the pretreatment solution of Example 3. In addition, brightness and print quality were not affected.
The hydroxy groups in EPI appear to have more affinity toward the cellulosic material through hydrogen bonding and also contributed to the excellent properties observed in the samples of Example 3. Of course, it should be noted that other hydroxyalkyl imine derivatives can be used in accordance with this invention, without departing from the scope and coverage of the invention. For example, other hydroxyalkyl imine derivatives comprise those derived from diphenylguanidine. The hydroxyalkyl derivatives could also comprise hydroxyethyl and/or hydroxypropyl of the corresponding polyamine. The pretreatment solution of the present invention may also comprise other polymers, in addition to the EPI, without departing from the scope of the invention, which are capable of forming hydrogen bonds with cellulose such as polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, acrylic polymers, polyurethanes, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, mixed cellulose esters and epoxide resins.
Industrial Applicability and Advantaqes The present invention is useful in the field of textile printing, and has the advantage of formulating a solution for cellulosic fabric prior to applying ink or dye to the fabric, to allow the fabric to retain color brightness and image permanence.
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that modifications and variations can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
CELLULOSIC TEXTILE MATERIAL
Technical Field The present invention relates to cellulosic fabrics that are to be printed or dyed and, more particularly, to a pretreatment solution for the cellulosic fabric.
Background Art Currently, textile printing by conventional manual methods can take many months from the initial submission of a design to production. The major bottleneck in this lengthy process is the production of the multicolor design at the sample print stage, because a different screen has to be produced on the textile substrate for each color in the design.
Various textile printing processes are known in the art, such as the method for textile printing disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,702,742; the process for ink jet printing on textiles disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,725,849; and the ink jet printing process disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,358,558, all of which are totally incorporated herein by reference.
Full color graphics printing with such continuous ink jet systems is being developed and practiced by Scitex Digital Printing, Inc., in Dayton, Ohio. Imaging in the digital color press is done with four separate and independent printheads.
Each head images a different one of the primary colors, cyan, magenta, yellow or black. The printheads are of the binary, continuous ink jet type, and employ planar charging technology known in the art. One challenge with developing a digital color press is to formulate inks which will run in the digital color press. An ink formulation capable of producing high quality acceptable print, which will run in a digital color press system, is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,601,639, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ACHIEVING RUNNABILITY AND JET
STRAIGHTNESS FOR A DIGITAL COLOR PRESS, totally incorporated herein by reference.
Other patents describe ink jet inks containing a reactive dye, such as U.S. Patent Nos.
4,849,770 and 5,250,121, totally incorporated herein by reference. In order to print cellulosic material with reactive dyes, the textile must be pretreated with a mixture of chemicals, such as inorganic salts, to improve substantivity of the dye to the fabric, alkalies to help dye fixation, starches and urea. The material is then dried, printed with dyes or pigments, dried, steamed to fix the dyes, washed to remove unfixed dyes and chemicals, and dried.
It is seen then that it would be desirable to be able to dramatically reduce the complexity of textile printing processes, and simplify the production of multicolor design.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides for a dramatic reduction in the complexity of textile printing processes. To achieve this, the present invention proposes to pretreat the cellulosic fabric by immersing the fabric that is to be printed in a dilute solution of ethoxylated polyethylenimine, drying, jetting with inks, and drying again. Air drying is feasible with the present invention, eliminating a costly and complex steam fixation operation. The present invention further proposes using the cyan, magenta, yellow and black (C, M, Y, K) system of a digital color press to generate multiple colors and shades.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pretreatment solution comprises water, a salt and a hydroxyalkyl imine derivative selected from the group consisting of branched polyethyleneimine polymer and diphenylguanidine.
It is an object of the present invention to dramatically reduce the complexity of textile printing processes. It is an advantage of the present invention that it provides a pretreatment solution that does not adversely affect brightness and print quality. It is yet another advantage that a fabric, when treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention, can be printed not only with reactive dyes, but also with any direct dye, and still produce permanent images. It is a further advantage of the present invention that the waste effluent from the invention process will be much less contaminated and easier to handle than the waste from the conventional printing process.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.
Detailed Description of the Invention In accordance with the present invention, fabric that is to be printed or dyed is treated with a dilute solution of an N-hydroxyalkyl imine, such as ethoxylated polyethylenimine or diphenylguanidine, prior to being jetted with inks.
The present invention proposes using the cyan, magenta, yellow and black (C, M, Y, K) system of a digital color press to generate varying ink shades for printing on the fabric. A fabric treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention can produce permanent images when printed with reactive or direct dyes.
The cellulosic fabric pretreatment solution of the present invention comprises a salt to help the fabric take up the dye, an N-hydroxyalkyl imine to encourage color integrity and permanence in the printed fabric, and water. The N-hydroxyalkyl imine is preferably selected from the group comprising branched polyethyleneimine polymer, such as ethoxylated polyethyleneimine substituted at about 80~ of the available nitrogens, and diphenylguanidine. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the EPI has molecular weight in the range of 40,000 to 60,000.
The following examples illustrate various formulations for the pretreatment solution of the present invention, and the resultant effectiveness of each embodiment. Although the pretreatment solutions described below comprise ammonium sulfate, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other salts can be used to achieve similar results.
Example 1 Deionized water 99.0 Ammonium Sulfate 1.0 Example 2 Deionized water 94.0 polyethyleneimine 5.0 Ammonium Sulfate 1.0 Example 3 Deionized water 94.0 EPI 5.0 Ammonium Sulfate 1.0 To determine the effectiveness of the solutions in each Example above, prewashed samples of cellulosic material were immersed in the solutions of Examples 1, 2 and 3. Each wet sample was air dried. The dried sample was imaged with continuous ink jet inks, such as commercially available Scitex 3600 Black Ink 1, 1007 Black, condor N Red and Condor N Blue. The imaged samples were again dried, by suitable means such as heat drying. The samples were then tested for permanence by soaking the samples in hot water, having a temperature, for example, of 70 to 80 degrees Celsius, for a period of five minutes.
Samples obtained in Example 1, comprising water and salt, showed severe deterioration of color after soaking in hot water.
Samples obtained in Example 2, where polyethyleneimine has been added to the mixture of Example 1, showed considerable advantage in permanence over Example 1, but still showed slight bleeding and fading. Samples obtained in Example 3, where the polyethyleneimine is ethoxylated, showed excellent permanence and preservation of color integrity. No bleeding was observed using the pretreatment solution of Example 3. In addition, brightness and print quality were not affected.
The hydroxy groups in EPI appear to have more affinity toward the cellulosic material through hydrogen bonding and also contributed to the excellent properties observed in the samples of Example 3. Of course, it should be noted that other hydroxyalkyl imine derivatives can be used in accordance with this invention, without departing from the scope and coverage of the invention. For example, other hydroxyalkyl imine derivatives comprise those derived from diphenylguanidine. The hydroxyalkyl derivatives could also comprise hydroxyethyl and/or hydroxypropyl of the corresponding polyamine. The pretreatment solution of the present invention may also comprise other polymers, in addition to the EPI, without departing from the scope of the invention, which are capable of forming hydrogen bonds with cellulose such as polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, acrylic polymers, polyurethanes, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, mixed cellulose esters and epoxide resins.
Industrial Applicability and Advantaqes The present invention is useful in the field of textile printing, and has the advantage of formulating a solution for cellulosic fabric prior to applying ink or dye to the fabric, to allow the fabric to retain color brightness and image permanence.
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that modifications and variations can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (17)
1. A pretreatment solution for a cellulosic fabric to be printed, the pretreatment solution comprising water, a salt, and a hydroxyalkyl imine derivative.
2. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hydroxyalkyl imine derivative is selected from the group consisting of branched polyethyleneimine polymer and diphenylguanidine.
3. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 2 wherein the branched polyethyleneimine polymer comprises ethoxylated polyethyleneimine.
4. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 3 wherein the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine is substituted at about 80% of the available nitrogens.
5. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 3 wherein the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine has a molecular weight of 40,000 to 60,000.
6. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 3 further comprising a polymer capable of forming hydrogen bonds with cellulose.
7. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 6 wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, acrylic polymers, polyurethanes, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, mixed cellulose esters and epoxide resins.
8. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 2 wherein the hydroxyalkyl imine derivative is selected from the group consisting of branched polyethyleneimine polymer, diphenylguanidine, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl.
9. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hydroxyalkyl imine derivative comprises ethoxylated polyethyleneimine.
10. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hydroxyalkyl imine derivative is present in an amount of from about 1 to 20 percent by weight.
11. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the salt comprises ammonium sulfate.
12. A pretreatment solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the salt is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to 5 percent by weight.
13. A process for generating images on a cellulosic fabric which comprises the steps of using an ink jet printing apparatus to print on a fabric pretreated with the pretreatment solution of claim 1 and forming permanent images on the pretreated fabric by causing the ink to be expelled in droplets onto the fabric, thereby generating an image on the fabric.
14. A process as claimed in claim 13 wherein a first drying step is applied to the pretreated fabric prior to jetting the pretreated fabric with inks.
15. A process as claimed in claim 14 wherein the first drying step comprises air drying.
16. A process as claimed in claim 13 wherein a second drying step is applied to the pretreated fabric after jetting the pretreated fabric with inks.
17. A process as claimed in claim 16 wherein the second drying step comprises air drying.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2343296P | 1996-08-22 | 1996-08-22 | |
| US60/023,432 | 1996-08-22 | ||
| US89564897A | 1997-07-17 | 1997-07-17 | |
| USUNKNOWN | 2002-08-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2213377A1 true CA2213377A1 (en) | 1998-02-22 |
Family
ID=26697147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2213377 Abandoned CA2213377A1 (en) | 1996-08-22 | 1997-08-19 | Permanent ink jet imaging of cellulosic textile material |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0828024A3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2213377A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050193499A1 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-09-08 | Chevli Samit N. | Fabric pretreatment for inkjet printing |
| CH714518A1 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-06-28 | Mouvent Ag | Pretreatment solution for inkjet printing on textile goods. |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5223028A (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-06-29 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Waterfast aqueous inks |
| DE69429839T2 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 2002-06-27 | Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo | Printing stock, manufacturing process, textile printing process and ink jet printing apparatus |
| DE4422865A1 (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-01-04 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the production of aminated fibers from regenerated cellulose |
-
1997
- 1997-08-14 EP EP97306176A patent/EP0828024A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-08-19 CA CA 2213377 patent/CA2213377A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0828024A2 (en) | 1998-03-11 |
| EP0828024A3 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
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