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CA2203109A1 - Pressure vessel made of aluminium and a method for manufacturing such vessel - Google Patents

Pressure vessel made of aluminium and a method for manufacturing such vessel

Info

Publication number
CA2203109A1
CA2203109A1 CA002203109A CA2203109A CA2203109A1 CA 2203109 A1 CA2203109 A1 CA 2203109A1 CA 002203109 A CA002203109 A CA 002203109A CA 2203109 A CA2203109 A CA 2203109A CA 2203109 A1 CA2203109 A1 CA 2203109A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
vessel
aluminium
semi
pressure vessel
periphery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002203109A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Olav Sveinung Haugerud
Stig Holgersen
Einar Boe
Hans-Paul Carlsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Norsk Hydro ASA
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2203109A1 publication Critical patent/CA2203109A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/14—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of aluminium; constructed of non-magnetic steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/12—Vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0308—Protective caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0329—Valves manually actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/012—Reducing weight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Pressure vessel made of aluminium for transport and storage of fluids. The vessel comprises two mainly semi-spherical, forged parts (2), that are joined together along their periphery by means of plasma welding. Each semi-spherical part is provided with a boss (4) that is formed under the forging operation, one or both of the bosses may be provided with passing bores (5) having internal threads for attaching a valve/valves thereto. Further, one or both of the bosses may be equipped with external threads for the attachment of protective caps (8), or one protective cap and a support leg.

Description

CA 02203l09 l997-04-l8 ~0 96/12914 PCTfiN095/00169 Pressure vessel made of aluminium and a method for manufacturinq such ~ressel l he present invention relates to a pressure vessel made of aluminium, and a method f~r manufacturing such a vessel.

11: has previously been known to produce pressure vessels of aluminium, involving extruded, substantially circular profiles, having lids at the ends. The lids may be joined to the profiles by means of welds or threaded connections. Extruded profiles may, caused by the extrusion process, be encumbered with longitudinal structural defects in the material. It is therefore nece.ss~ry that the profiles are examined by con,prehensive and expensive material tests to detect possible defects. An another disadvantage is that vessels of extended shape have relatively low strength and little volume as to the shape.

Further, spherical high pressure vessels made of steel is known in the art. Suchvessels may be manufactured when joining spherical segments by riveting operations (livet connections), or, as most common today, by welding operations. Spherical vessels do have the best properties as to strength, and do at the same time have the largest volume as to total weight and surface area. As known to the inventors, such spherical vessels have not yet been manufactured of aluminium. The main reasons for this is that aluminium is not well suited for welding as heat cracks may easily occur in the welding zone, followed by a reduced material strength in this area.

As the material costs in relation to aluminium are high, it is required to apply a low-cost rnanufacturing method, to compensate for the total manufacturing costs when manufacturing pressure vessels in aluminium.

'WO 961l2914 PCT~95~DD169 On the other hand, aluminium is a light-weight material compared to steel, and is therefore advantageous as to manual handling and transport.

According to the invention it is provided a pressure vessel of aluminium and a manufacturing method for such a vessel where the aforesaid known problems are solved, and where the above mentioned advantages are achieved. More precisely, it is obtained a pressure vessel of aluminium having a good strength which is capable to withstand high pressures as compared to its weight. The vessel is simple, cheap to manufacture, and easy to handle.

According to the invention, the vessel is characterised in that it consists of two mainly semi-spherical, forged parts that are joined along their periphery by means of plasma wellillg, as described by constructional features in the accol"panying independent claim 1, or as expressed by measures or actions in the accompanying independent claim 5.

The dependent claims 2-4 and 5-9 describes advantageous features of the invention.

In the following, the invention is described in detail with reference to drawings that illustrate embodiments thereof:

Fig. 1 is a cross section of a manufactured vessel according to the invention, Fig. 2 is the right half-part of a pre-forming tool Fig. 3 is the right half-part of a finishing forming tool.

As mentioned above, Fig. 1 shows a vessel 1 according to the invention where themanufacture has been fulfilled. The vessel consists of two forged, semi-spherical parts 2, made of aluminium and welded (at 3) together at their periphery. Each semi-spherical part is provided with a boss 4 having passing bores 5. In relation to each bore there is arranged a filling valve 6 and a bleeding valve 7, respectively. To ~VO 96/12914 PCT~VO95/00169 protect the valves, there are arranged protection caps 8 in relation to each boss, the caps being adapted to be attached to the bosses 4 by fastening means.

The purpose of using two valves as shown here, is that the vessel ma~ be used incollecting gas samples ofr~hor~. The vessel may be Co~ l tely filled, when filling gas l:hrough the filling valve 6 while air is evacuated through bleeding valve 7.

The invention as it is defined in the claims is not limited to the embodiment including l~vo valves. The vessel may have other applicalions than mentioned above, e. 9. it may be used for storing propane gas on shore, and then having only one valve for~illing and evacuating gas. With such application, the lower boss may be used tosupport a support leg or the like, to support the vessel under storage and transport.

The two semi-spheres 2 is, as previously mentioned, manufactured by forging (dielorging). The blank used may advantageously be cut off a aluminium stud. The rnanufacturing process for the semi-spheres is as follows:

- The blanks to be forged are heat-treated in a heat treatment oven at 510 C
(+ 5C) for at least 4 hours.

- When the heat treatment has been fulfilled, a pre-forging of the blanks is performed in a press cor,lprisi"g a pre-forming tool with an upper 9 and a lower 10 tool part as shown in Fig. 2. At this stage, the tool is at an temperature of 300 - 325 C and is coated with a lubricant. The forming operation may comprise 1 - 3 forging strokes, depending on the size (capacity) of the press and the dimensions of the blanks. The pre-forming operation forrns the blanks into pre-fabricaled, non-rounded semi-products, with its external periphery formed to a final thickness, while the inner boss section still have to be subject to further forming operations.

'W O~6/12914 PCTnNO95/00169 - A grading//burring operation is then performed to the semi-product, followed by a heat treatment in an oven, as mentioned above, at 510 C for at least 4 hours.

- The final forging step is performed at 300 - 325 C with a final forming tool, comprising an upper 11 and a lower tool part as shown in Fig. 3. To obtain a good floating ability of the material in the boss area in the final forging step, the semi-product is placed with its projecting section pointing downwards in the final-forming tool. The "~ rial is thereby being twisted into the upper toolpart 11, said part co" ,p, isi"g a cavity that receives the boss of the semi-sphere. The final forming operation rounds the semi-sphere and forms said boss 4 in the central part of the half-part. The final forming operation may advantageously cG",prise two strokes, applying lubricant at each forging stroke.

- When the final forging operation is fulfilled, the semi-spheres are rapidly cooled to room temperature in a water bath. The parts are then machined to their correct dimensions prior to the welding operation.

As mentioned previously, the vessel according to the invention is manufactured by welding the two semi-spheres to each other at their periphery by means of plasmawelding. See Fig. 1.

It was observed that the use of plasma weidiny in con,binalion with a correct flux material as to the material in the vessel (base material), results in a welded connection with mechanical characteristics as good as that of the rest of the vessel.

Advantageously the vessel may be constituted of an alloy of the AlMgSi1 (AA6082)ltype, and as flux ",alerial in the welding operation an alloy of the AlSi5 (AA4043) type may be used. AlSi5 has a melting point that is lower than that of AlMgSi1, and this îeature is of substantial importance to avoid heat cracks in the zone close up to the solidiric~lion front (the PMZ-zone - partially melting zone).

'WO96112914 PCT~N095~00169 More particularly, when developing the invention, it was discovered that the aluminium alloy used as base material in the vessel should not contain less than 0,95 weight %
Si, and not less than 0,9 weight % Mg. Further, it was discovered that the conlenl of hydrogen should not exceed 0,1 ppm, either in the base material or in the flux material (the welding wire).

When the welding operation is fulfilled, the vessels (spheres) are hardened at approx.
540 C for approx. 4 hours, followed by a sudden cooling in a water bath.
Further, the vessels are hardened at approx. 130 C for approx. 24 hours, followed by final work up and coating operations.

Claims (9)

Claims
1. Pressure vessel made of aluminium for transport and storage of fluids, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that it comprises two essentially semi-spherical forged parts (2) joined together at their periphery by means of plasma welding.
2. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that each semi-spherical part is provided with a boss (4) formed by the forging operation.
3. Pressure vessel according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that one or both of the bosses (2) are provided with passing bores (5), said bores being threaded for the attachment of a valve/valves.
4. Pressure vessel according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that one or both of the bosses are provided with external threads for the attachment of protection caps (8), or one protection cap and a support leg.
5. Method for manufacturing a aluminium vessel, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the vessel is manufactured by joining two semi-spherical parts (2) that are forged out of circular blanks, the joining of said parts comprising plasma welding (at 3) along the periphery of the two parts.
6. Method according to claim 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the forging operation of each of the parts comprises two steps, a first pre-forming step where the periphery of the blank achieves a final thickness, and further comprising forming of a central projecting part that serves as a basis for a boss, and a second step comprising that the periphery is formed into a final shape as to the final curvature, and that the central part is forged to have final thickness and geometry under the formation of a boss (4).
7. Method according to claims 5 and 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the vessel is made out of a AlMgSi1-alloy.
8. Method according to claim 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that a flux material having a lower melting point than that of the base material is added when performing the welding operation.
9. Method according to claim 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the flux material consists of an AlMgSi5-alloy.
CA002203109A 1994-10-19 1995-09-20 Pressure vessel made of aluminium and a method for manufacturing such vessel Abandoned CA2203109A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO943958 1994-10-19
NO943958A NO300033B1 (en) 1994-10-19 1994-10-19 Process for producing an aluminum pressure vessel

Publications (1)

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CA2203109A1 true CA2203109A1 (en) 1996-05-02

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CA002203109A Abandoned CA2203109A1 (en) 1994-10-19 1995-09-20 Pressure vessel made of aluminium and a method for manufacturing such vessel

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP0787270A1 (en)
AU (1) AU3756695A (en)
CA (1) CA2203109A1 (en)
MX (1) MX9702795A (en)
NO (1) NO300033B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996012914A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105983835A (en) * 2015-02-06 2016-10-05 辽宁美托科技有限公司 Special process for welding stainless steel cylinder

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2950952B1 (en) * 2009-10-01 2011-11-18 Gaz Liquefies Ind DOUBLE-PHASE STEEL GAS BOTTLE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH BOTTLE
CN105855797B (en) * 2015-01-21 2018-01-19 辽宁美托科技股份有限公司 Profiled piece integral forming method

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1151814A (en) * 1967-03-31 1969-05-14 Rubery Owen And Company Ltd Improvements in Bottles for the Storage and Transport of Gases.
DE2306682C3 (en) * 1972-03-24 1975-05-15 Aluminiumarugyar, Budapest Aluminum bottle for holding liquefied gas under pressure
FR2263061A1 (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-10-03 Cegedur Mfr. of containers for compressed or liq. gases - using aluminium alloy parts joined by electron beam welding
HU174756B (en) * 1976-09-03 1980-03-28 Huetoegepgyar Apparatus for producing hollow thick-walled bodies from aluminium or aluminium alloy by hot extrusion
NO160164C (en) * 1986-06-13 1989-03-15 Norsk Hydro As TRANSPORT CONTAINER FOR LIQUID / GAS TESTS.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105983835A (en) * 2015-02-06 2016-10-05 辽宁美托科技有限公司 Special process for welding stainless steel cylinder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3756695A (en) 1996-05-15
NO300033B1 (en) 1997-03-24
EP0787270A1 (en) 1997-08-06
NO943958D0 (en) 1994-10-19
NO943958L (en) 1996-04-22
WO1996012914A1 (en) 1996-05-02
MX9702795A (en) 1998-02-28

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