CA1310347C - Exercise device with underwater treadmill - Google Patents

Abstract

Applicant: Edmonds Medical Systems, Inc.
Title: Exercise Device With Underwater Treadmill ABSTRACT

A treadmill is mounted in the central cavity of a unitary base unit which has a peripheral trough.
Sidewall panels and end panels bolt to the base unit.
Strips of resilient gasket material are interposed between the panels to assure a watertight seal. One end panel has an inward opening door with a gasket strip engageable against a narrow inward-projecting of the doorframe, hinges and locking mechanism. Water for the exercise tank can be stored in interconnected modular storage tanks or receptacles with one-way pumps for filling and draining the exercise tank. An emergency switch connected to the user can be provided for emergency automatic draining of the tank.

Description

3 ~ 7 EXERCISE DEVICE WITH UNDERWATER TREADMILL

The present invention relates to an exercise and tnerapy device of the treadmill type. More ~pecifically, the present invention relates to an exercise tank having an underwater treadmill for exercise and therapy as the user walks against the resistance of water in the tank and is buoyed to reduce jarring.
Hansen Canadian patent No~ 1,201~342J issued March 4, 1986, and the UeS~ patents listed below disclose water tanks or pools for bathing or exercising horses:
Paris U.S. patent No. 2,611,341, issued September 23, 1952;
Scanlon U.S. patent No. 3,485,312, issued December 23, 1969;
Leonaggeo, Jr., U.S. patent No. 4,183,329, issued ~anuary 15, 1980;
Brazelton U.S. patent 4,197,815, issued April 15, 1980; and Davis UOS. patent No. 4 332,217~ issued June 1, 1982.
Of these, the Hansen Canadian patent and the Scanlon and Davis U.S~ patents dlsclose underwater treadmills.
There has been at least one prior attempt to provide a tank ~ith an underwater treadmill for exercise and therapy of humans, namely, the tank advertised under the trademark AQUACISER by D. L.
~ansen, Inc., OI St. Charles, Illinois.
It is an obj ect of the present invention to provide a novel exercise and therapy device of the type 6283g-1370 having a water tank and an underwa~er treadmill and of reliable, durable and leakproof construction.
The invention provides a ki~ for making an exercise therapy device, said kit comprising a unitary base unit haviny a horizontally extending bottom portion and a continuous wall extending upward from said bottom portion and forming an open-topped central cavity, a support and mounting flange extending horizontally from the upper portion of said wall and encircling the upper portion of said central cavity, a treadmill including a pair of rollers and an endless belt extending around said rollers so as to have an upper run and a bottom run, said treadmill being mounted in said central cavi~y such that sald upper run is disposed at a height no higher than the height of said support and mounting flange, separate sidewall panels and end panels each having a bottom horizontal flange for attachment to said support and mounting flange of said base unit, said panels being conneatible to each other and to said base unit to form a substantially water-tight composite tank, a water storage container adaptecl to be connected with its interior in communication with said composite tank, pump means for transferring water from said container to said tank to fill said tank with water above said treadmill to a desired level, and means for rotating at least one of said treadmill rollers for corresponding movement of said upper run of said treadmill belt with a user supported thereon.
Preferably the device ls in a form eliminating or greatly lessening the probability of damage to surrounding areas should a small leak occur during normal use, and that is convenient and safe to use, requiring a minimum of supervision by an attendant or therapist. The tank can preferably be filled and drained as quickly as possible without unnecessary 7' 13~0347 duplication of components such as pumps. The device may be in compact form for storage, and for shipment to a location where it is to be installed, including movement through standard hallways and doorways. The device is usable for physical evaluation by observing the gait of the user from different anyles.
The invention further provides a kit for making an exercise therapy device of tne type having a water tank including a treadmill, said kit comprising a unitar~ base unit having an open-topped central cavity $or the ~readmill, said base unit having an integral peripheral trough extending around the bottom portion of the remainder of said base unit and an upper horizontal support and mounting flange encircling the upper portion of said central cavity, said horizontal supporting and mounting flange being disposed upward and inward from said peripheral trough, separate sidewall panels and end panels each havlng a bottom horizontal flange adapted for bolting to said horizontal support and mounting flange of said base unit and having flat, upright, opposite edge portions adapted for bolting to each other to form a composite exercise tank for receiving a user supported on the treadmill, a water storage container adapted to be connected with its interior in communication with said composlte exercise tank, one of said end panels forming an upright frame member, a door member and hinges mounting said door member on said frame member for swinging about an upright edge portion to said exercise tank, and means for locking said door member in closed position, said hinges and locking means being constructed and arranged to permit outward-translating movement of said door member by pressure of water against it as the exercise tank is filled without applying stress to said hinges or locking means, said ~ 3~03~7 locking means including a lever pivoted to said frame member for swinging about a horizontal axis, an elongated upright link moved substantially vertically by pivoting movement of said lever, at least two bell cranks each having an apex portion pivoted to said frame member for swinging of said bell cranks about a horizontal axis, each of said bell cranks having a generally horizontally extending leg pivoted to said upright link and a generally upright leg, a plurality of horizontally elongated locking pins, one for each of said bell cranks, each of said pins being connected to said upright legs of said bell cranks for movement therewith, said pins bèing positioned for substantially horizontal movement so as to project ~rom said frame member by swinging movement of said bell cranks caused by vertical movement of said upright link and bracket means mounted on said door member for receiving said pins and having holes sized so as to permit the translating movemen~ of said door member relative to said frame member.
In drawings which iilustrate the preferred embodiment of the invention~
Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic top perspective of an exercise device with underwater treadmill in accordance with the present invention, and Figure ~ is a corresponding top perspective of such device with some component parts shown in exploded relationship, including a first storage tank unit with overlying cabinet and control paneL, a second storage tank unit, and an exercise tank formed by a unitary base unit and sidewall and end panels;
Figure 3 is a top perspective of the exercise tank unitary base unit which includes the treadmill;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary, longitudinal, vertical section of the bottom portion of the exercise tank of the 11 3103~7 62~39-1370 device in accordance with the present invention, with parts broken away;
Figure 5 is a top perspective of the unitary base unit of the e~ercise tank with the two sidewall panels in position to be attached, Figure 6 is an enlarged section along line 6--6 of Figure 5, and ~a Figure 7 is an enlarged section along line 7--7 of Figure 5;
Figure 8 is a top perspective corresponding to Figure 5, but with the end panels in position for attach-ment to the unitary base unit and the sidewall panels;
Figure 9 i5 an end elevation of the front or door end of the exercise tank, with parts broken away to illustrate the door locking mechanism, Figure 10 is a fragmentary side elevation of such end portion, with parts broken away to illustrate such door locking mech~anism from the side, Figure 11 is a horizontal section along line 11--11 of Figure 10; and Figure 11a is an enlarged fragmentary detail of the left portion of Figure 11; and Figure 12 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the exercise device in accordance with the present invention with various components illustrated diagrammatically.
As illustrated in Figure 1, the exercise device with underwater treadmill in accordance with the present invention includes a large, open-topped, rectangular exercise tank 1 having a door 2 in one end.
In a representative installation, the exercise tank can be about 80 inches (203 cm) long by about 40 inches (102 cm) wide and about 62 inches (157 cm) highO There are stairs 3 for convenient access to the exercise tank by the user. The stairs also provide convenient access to a raised control panel 4 which is used by an attendant or a therapist.
The user enters the exercise tank 1 through its door 2 onto the horizontal top run of an endless belt 5~ The door 2 is closed and is locked by manipulation of a lever 6. The attendant actuates introduction o~ water into the exercise tank from an underlying compo~ite storage container 7 until a desired level is reached. Preferably there is room for at least 3 feet to 4 feet (.9 m to 1.2 m) of water in the tank above the treadmill belt 5, but for some applications a lesser height of water would be selected. The control panel is used to set the direction and speed o~ the treadmill belt, the temperature of the water, the duration of operation of the treadmill and accessories such as an underwater ; light and agitating and aerating jets. Windows 8 in tha exercise tank sidewalls and the door 2 which preferably is of transparent plastic sheet material allow the attendant or therapist to evaluate the gait of the user. The window nearer the control panel also is of use to judge the desired height of water in the tank during filling. Hand rails 9 are provided inside the tank for the safety of the user, At the end of the exercising or therapy period, the tank is drained to storage and the user exits~
As diagrammatically represented in Figure 2, a particular advantage of the present invention is its ~nockdown construction allowing it to be manufactured, stored and shipped in small pieces. For example, ~or most installations the pieces can be moved through standard hallways and doorways and in elevators to the installation location without cutting or ~urther disassembly. At such location the pieces can be assembled without jeopardizing the durable, reliable and watertight character of the finished product.

- ~ 3 ~ 7 The primary component parts are two substantially identic~l tanks 10 which can be secured together with their interiors in communication through one or more conduits 11 to form the composite storage container; a cabinet 12 with the exposed control panel 4, mounted on top of one of the tanks 10 and enclosing the pumps, filter, bromine injector, valves and circuitry described further below; the stair unit 13;
and the exercise tank components, namely, the unitary base 14 in which the treadmlll with its belt ~ is mounted, upright sidewall panels 15 and 16, a closed end panel 17 and a door end unit 18.
The unitary base 14 is shown in greater detail in Figures 3 and 4. It has a flat bottom 20 with upstanding walls 21 forming the inner cavity 23 in which the treadmill is mounted. The treadmill is of conventional design including an idler roller 24 at one end and a live roller 25 at the other around which the endless belt 5 extends. The live roller is driven by a drive shaft 2~ extending through a watertight bearing and seal in one of the upright walls 21. The shaft carries an external drive sprocket 27. With reference to Figure 4, such sprocket is driven by a chain 28 extending around another sprocket (not shown) which, in turn, is driven by an electric motor (not shown~.
Springs ~not shown) bias the idler roller 24 away from ; the liver roller to maintain the belt under tension.
The treadmill includes a horizontal upper support member 29 with an antifriction top surface over which the top run of the belt 5 slides.
The bottom 20 of the unitary base 14 is stiffened by cross members 35. The top portions of the ~ 5~ ~7 walls 21 are inturned to form horizontal flanges 30 for supporting the frame members 31 encircling and preferably flush with the top run of the belt 5. The frame members 31 at the opposite longitudinal sides of the belt are preferably at least about 4 to 5 inches ~1.6 cm to 2 cm) wide to permit the user to step off the belt while inside the exerciser tank.
The base 14 has an outer marginal portion 32 extending outward of the upright walls 21 all the way around the base. Such marginal portion has an outer upright rim 33 to form an open-topped trough and an inner upright wall 34 welded at the top and bottom to the adjacent wall 21. A horizontal support flange 36 extends outward from the unitary base component inner wall 21 slightly below the inner support flange 30.
With reference to Figure 5, each of the exercise tank sidewall panels 15 and 16 has an inner sheet material skin plate 37, preferably stainless steel, stiffened at the top and bottom by horizontal angle braces 38 and at the corners by upright channel braces 39 which are welded to the plate. Additional stiffening is provided by the sash pieces 40 for the windows 8, best seen in Figure 6, which pieces also are `
welded to the outer surfaces of the plates 37. The windows 8 fit in the sash pieces against resilient gasket strips 41 and are clamped inward to compress such strips, preferably into a continuous groove 42 encircling each window opening, by outer frame plat~s 43 bolted to the sash pieces. For panel 15 nearer the viewer in Figure 5 an additional intermediate channel brace 39' is provided adjacent to the nearer edge of the window. No intermediate brace is required for the opposite panel 16 because two tall windows are provided in that panel.
The horizontal angle brace 38 at the bottom edge portion of each skin plate 37 forms an outturned horizontal flange 44 to be supported on the corresponding flange 36 of the base 14. As best seen in Figure 7, similar to the window construction, in securing the sidewall panels to the unitary base component 14, strips 41 of resilient gasket material are interposed between base and panel flanges 36 and 44 and are compressed to assure a watertight fit when such flanges are tiyhtly bolted together. The bottom leg portions 45 of the upright channel braces 39 fit snugly in the peripheral trou~h of the base and preferably are notched over the rinl 33. The inner edges of such leg portions are bolted to brackets 46 of the base projecting into the trough. Such brackets have outer upright edges substantially aligned with the outer edges of the support flanges 36 and contiguously engaged against the channel brace leg portions 45.
With reference to Figure 8, the closed end wall panel 17 also has an inner sheet material skin plate 37 with top and bottom angle braces 38. The upright edges of such plate are bent rearward to form outturned vertical flanges 47 at its opposite sides.
The bottom angle brace 38 overlies the support flange 36 at the corresponding end of the unitary base 14 and is bolted to it to clamp an interposed strip of res`ilient gasket material. The vertical flanges 47 are bolted to the upright end margins of the sidewall panels 15 and 16, again with interposed, clamped strips of resilient gasket material to assure a watertight seal.

_g_ -At the other end of the exercise tank, the door end unit 18 is fitted and similarly bolted to the adjacent end margins of the sidewall panels 15 and 16 at the base 14 with interposed strips of resilient gasket material. As seen in Figure 9, such end unit 18 forms a U-shaped frame 50 for the central door 2 which preferably is of transparent plastic sheet material.
As best seen in Figure 11, the door is hinged to the upright frame member 51 at one side for swinging into the exercise tankO The other side of the door has an outward-projecting handle and the upright frame member 52 at that side has internal lock-actuating mechanism controlled by the lever 6. With reference to Figure 10, up and down movement of the lever 6 about its fixed pivot 53 translates a long upright link 54 substantially vertically. Returning to Figure 9, such link 54 is pivotally aonnected to the generally horizontally projecting legs 55 of bell cranks 56 having apex portions pivoted on fixed pins 57. The bell cranks have upright legs 58 pivotally connected to horizontal locking pins 59. Such locking pins are slidable in bores through the frame member 52 to project inward into eyes of brackets 60 mounted on the door or to retract into the frame member 52 and thereby allow the door to be swung inward ~or entrance to or exit from the exercise tank.
With reference to Figures 11 and 11a, the outer face of the door 2 has a continuous groove 61 along its upright and bottom margins. A thick strip 62 of resilient sealing material is secured in the groove and projects outward toward the door frame. When the door is closed, such strip engages against and is 3 ~ ~

compressed by a short, narrow, inward-projecting lip 63 of the frame centered with respect to the door groove 61.
As the exercise tank i5 filled with waterl substantial water pressure is applied against the door tending to move it outward to further compress the strip 62. The door hinges and locking mechanism are designed to permi~ such movement which increases the watertightness of the door as the tank is filled and assures that the increasing force is applied to the door frame and not to the hinge pins 64 and the locking pins 59. As seen in Figure 11, when the door is first closed and locked r each locking pin 59 is engaged against only the outer edge of the eye in its bracket 60, and there still is space between the inside upright edge of the pin and the adjacent edge of its eye.
Similarly, as seen in Figure 11a, each hinge arm 65 connected to the opposite margin of the door has a slightly elongated hole 66 receiving its hinge pin 64 such that, when the door is closed initially, the hinge pin engages against the outer edge of the hole but there is space in such hole toward the inside of the tank. The result is that the door can shift outward as the tank is filled, moving the hinge arms 65 and door brackets 60 outward relative to the hinge pines 64 and locking pins 59 and further compressing the resilient sealing strip 62.
With reference to ~igure 1, additional nonstructural pieces are added during final assembly of the exercise tank, including the top stainless steel apron 70, similar stainless steel window moldings 71 and the nonstruc~ural outer sheet metal skin 72 which 3 ~ 7 can be enamel coated. Despite careful assem~ly it is recognized that a small leak could possibly occur, but any water from such a leak would collect in the peripheral trough of the exercise tank base.
Preferabl~, a water sensor and alarm unit 73l diagrammatically shown in Figure 3, is provided to detect and siynal when the trough is almost full so that it will be drained before overflowing.
The plumbing connections, circuitry and operation of the device in accordance with the present invention are best described with reference to Figure 12. There are two pumps P1 and P2 each effective to pump only in the single direction indicated by the arrows 75 from an inlet I to an outlet O, and five 3-port, electrically operated, motorized valves V1, V2, V3~ V4 and V5, each having a common port C connectible to either of two other ports A or B. For ease of illustration and explanation, the solid line positions indicated in Figure 12 for the valves V1 through V5 are designated as the A positions, and the broken line positions are designated as the B positions.
Illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 12 is the control panel 4 which also represents the aonventional controller used to actuate the pumps, valves, a conventional water heater 76, the treadmill motor 77 and other accessories such as an underwater liyht which can fit in the central hole 78 of the tank closed end panel 17 seen in Figure 8. One section 8~ of the control panel includes mechanlsm for setting a timer to actuate the treadmill motor for a given period of time.
Another section 81 is used to set the speed of the treadmill motor. Another section 82 is used to set the ~ 3 ~ 7 water temperature, i.e., actuate the heater 76 if thewater temperature is below a desired temperature. The direction of the treadmill motor also can be selected.
At start up the "power" button 83 of the control panel is depressed which actuates pump P1 and moves valves V1 and V2 to their solid line positions shown in Figure 12. In such position water i5 drawn from one of the storage tanks through valve V1 to the pump inlet and is discharged by the pump through valve V2, a conventional filter 84, the heater 76 and a conventional bromine iniector 85 for sanitation. The constant recycling of the water is particularly advantageous for preheating it prior to introduction into the exercise tank.
When it is desired to fill the exercise tank, the l'fill" button 86 is pressed which causes valve V2 to move to its broken line position where ports C and B
are connected. The other valves remain or are moved automatically to their solid line positions as seen in Figure 12 and pump P2 is automatically actuated~ Pump P1~continues to draw water from storage r but valve V2 ln its broken line or B position causes such water to be discharged through line F1 into the exercise tank.
At the same time, pump P2 draws water from storage through valve V3 and discharges such water through valves V4 and V5 into the exercise tank through line F2. The desired water level can be gauged visually or automatic mechanism can be provided to stop the fill operation when a desired level is reachedO In this regard, an outer float ~hamber 87 can be provided as seen ln E'igure 8 with an internal float and mechanism for gauging the position of the float.

~31~7 At the end of the filling operation, pump P2is stopped and valve V2 is shifted back to its "A"
position shown in solid lines for continuing to circulate water from storage through the filter, heater and bromine injector and back to storage. If massaging turbulence of the water is desired, the "jets" button 88 is pressed which actuates pump P2 and shifts valves V3 and V5 to their broken line or "B" posltions while keeping valve V4 in its solid line or "A" position. In such condition, water is drawn from the exercise tank through line D2, port B of valve V3 to the inlet of pump P2, and is discharged through port A of valve V4 and port B of valve V5 to the jet nozzles which can be of the same type commonly used in hot tubs with adjustable aeration. Such nozzles can be mounted in the vertical row of holes 89 in the side panels 15 and 16 shown in Figure 5.
At the conclusion of the exercise or therapy proceduxe, the "drain" button 90 is pressed which actuates both pumps, but with valves V1, V3 and V4 in their "B" positions and valve V2 in its "A" position.
Pump P1 draws water from the exercise tank through line D1 and the B port of valve V1 and discharges it through the A port of valve V2 into storage~ Pump P2 draws water through line D2 and the B port of valve V3 and dis~charges it through the B port of valve V4 into ~torage. Preferably, shut-off is automatic by automatic detection of the position of the float inside the vertical chamber 87 shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 also illustrates the four openings 91 in the end of the base unit where lines or conduits F1, D1, F2 and D2 can connect.

3 ~ ~

Both pumps are used during the filling and draining operations for the quickest possible operation, yet additional pumps are not required for circulating water to clean, heat and sanitize it and to inject water in turbulence-producing jets~
An additional "panic" button 9~ is provided for emergency draining in addition to immediately stopping operation o~ the treadmill. Preferably, the panic condition can also be actuated by the user at will and will be automatically actuated if the user stumbles or falls. As diagrammatically represented in Figure 12, a flexible strap 93 can be attached to the user such as by a loop around the user's wrist. Such strap is connected to a magnet 94 normally positioned over a magnetic reed switch 95 below the top apron of the exercise tank. If the magnet is dislodged either deliberately or inadvertently by the user, the panic condition is automatically instituted, resulting in immediate draining of the exercise tank and stopping of the treadmill motor.

Claims (10)

1. A kit for making an exercise therapy device, said kit comprising a unitary base unit having a horizontally extending bottom portion and a continuous wall extending upward from said bottom portion and forming an open-topped central cavity, a support and mounting flange extending horizontally from the upper portion of said wall and encircling the upper portion of said central cavity, a treadmill including a pair of rollers and an endless belt extending around said rollers so as to have an upper run and a bottom run, said treadmill being mounted in said central cavity such that said upper run is disposed at a height no higher than the height of said support and mounting flange, separate sidewall panels and end panels each having a bottom horizontal flange for attachment to said support and mounting flange of said base unit, said panels being connectible to each other and to said base unit to form a substantially water-tight composite tank, a water storage container adapted to be connected with its interior in communication with said composite tank, pump means for transferring water from said container to said tank to fill said tank with water above said treadmill to a desired level, and means for rotating at least one of said treadmill rollers for corresponding movement of said upper run of said treadmill belt with a user supported thereon.

2. The kit defined in claim 1, in which the base unit includes an integral peripheral trough extending around the bottom portion of the base unit at a location spaced outward from and below the horizontal support and mounting flange.

3. The kit defined in claim 2, including a sensor for detecting water above a predetermined level in the peripheral trough.

4. The kit defined in claim 1, in which the water storage container includes a plurality of separate receptacles secured together and having internal cavities in communication to form a composite storage container.

5. The kit defined in claim 4, and control means for controlling operation of said pump means, said control means being adapted to be mounted on one of the separate storage receptacles.

6. The kit defined in claim 5, in which the pump means includes two separate pumps and the control means includes means for controlling both of said pumps to draw water from the storage container and discharge it into the exercise tank and, alternatively, to control both pumps to draw water from the exercise tank and discharge it to the storage container, said exercise tank including a plurality of nozzles interconnected with one of said pumps for injecting water into the tank in a form of agitating jets, the control means further including means for selectively directing water from the storage container to one of said pumps through said nozzles and back from the exercise tank to the storage container.

7. The kit defined in claim 5, in which the control means includes emergency shutoff and draining means connected to the user for automatically actuating draining of the tank by the pump means.

8. The kit defined in claim 7, in which one of the end panels forms an upright frame member, and including a door member and hinges mounting said door member on said frame member for swinging about an upright edge portion into the exercise tank, means for locking the door member in closed position, and sealing means constructed and arranged to permit outward-translating movement of the door member by pressure of water against it as the exercise tank is filled without applying stress to said hinges or locking means.

9. The kit defined in claim 8, in which the sealing means of the frame member includes outer marginal portions along opposite upright edges and the bottom of such frame member, the door member being adapted to engage against said marginal portions of the frame member and including a continuous slot and resilient gasket means mounted in said slot and adapted to engage against said frame member marginal portions, whereby outward pressure applied against the door member by water in the exercise tank tends to translate the door member outward without applying stress to the hinges and locking means and compresses the resilient gasket means between the frame member and the door member.

10. A kit for making an exercise therapy device of the type having a water tank including a treadmill, said kit comprising a unitary base unit having an open-topped central cavity for the treadmill, said base unit having an integral peripheral trough extending around the bottom portion of the remainder of said base unit and an upper horizontal support and mounting flange encircling the upper portion of said central cavity, said horizontal supporting and mounting flange being disposed upward and inward from said peripheral trough, separate sidewall panels and end panels each having a bottom horizontal flange adapted for bolting to said horizontal support and mounting flange of said base unit and having flat, upright, opposite edge portions adapted for bolting to each other to form a composite exercise tank for receiving a user supported on the treadmill, a water storage container adapted to be connected with its interior in communication with said composite exercise tank, one of said end panels forming an upright frame member, a door member and hinges mounting said door member on said frame member for swinging about an upright edge portion to said exercise tank, and means for locking said door member in closed position, said hinges and locking means being constructed and arranged to permit outward-translating movement of said door member by pressure of water against it as the exercise tank is filled without applying stress to said hinges or locking means, said locking means including a lever pivoted to said frame member for swinging about a horizontal axis, an elongated upright link moved substantially vertically by pivoting movement of said lever, at least two bell cranks each having an apex portion pivoted to said frame member for swinging of said bell cranks about a horizontal axis, each of said bell cranks having a generally horizontally extending leg pivoted to said upright link and a generally upright leg, a plurality of horizontally elongated locking pins, one for each of said bell cranks, each of said pins being connected to said upright legs of said bell cranks for movement therewith, said pins being positioned for substantially horizontal movement so as to project from said frame member by swinging movement of said bell cranks caused by vertical movement of said upright link and bracket means mounted on said door member for receiving said pins and having holes sized so as to permit the translating movement of said door member relative to said frame member.