CA1274970A - Circulating fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed reactorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1274970A CA1274970A CA000527689A CA527689A CA1274970A CA 1274970 A CA1274970 A CA 1274970A CA 000527689 A CA000527689 A CA 000527689A CA 527689 A CA527689 A CA 527689A CA 1274970 A CA1274970 A CA 1274970A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- chamber
- gas
- vortex chamber
- disposed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A circulating fluidized bed reactor having a cyclone separator, the horizontal vortex chamber of which is provided with two return ducts for separated particulate material. The first return duct is connected to an opening on the periphery of the vortex chamber and disposed near the gas inlet channel in axial direction. The second return duct is connected to another opening disposed at a distance from the first duct near the discharge opening for the purified gas in axial direction.
Description
~;~74~3~7~3 C'`~rC'~ atinCJ fluidlzed bed reac-tor The presen-t invent:ion relatecs t.o a ci.rculating fluidized bed reactor in which solicl ~article~ are conveye~1 bv gas. through -the reactor and .erarated from the gas by means o:f a cyc].orle sepa.rator or a slmilar ~e~f.ice and returned to -the reactor.
Today circulating fluidized bed reactors are more and more appliec1 i.n ~.7aric~us uses such as chemical processes, combustion and gasifying.
The oh~ect of the invention is to accomplish a cixculating fluidized bed reactor, in which solid materia]. can effectivel~f be separated from the rlue gas and returned to a requirecl place in the reactor.
According to th~e invention this is achieved by means o:f a cyclone separator for separatinq particulate material. from the flue c~ases from the reactor chamber, the horizontal vortex chamber of wh.ich being provided with oper.ings on its periphery to which openings is connected a cl~ct leading gas from the reactor chanbe.- and a return duct leading separated solid material to the reactor chamber and from which vortex chamher gas is discharged from one or both end.s, wherein one discharge op~nin~J for separa~ed solid. material is disposed by the inlet openi.nc3 for c3as and the other by the discharge opening For purified gas at a distance ~rom the in].et openinq in the ~ongituc1irlal axial direction of the vortex chamber.
FI patent application 8~1126 discloses a circulating :Eluidized bed reactor in which solid materlal is separated by means of a horizontal cvclone disposed on top o:E the reactor. To the peripherv Or the separation chamber of the horizontal chamber is connected a return duct for separated material, pxeEerab]y to the lowest part of the periphery, and the purified gases ~ ~7~3t,,~
are (li..c~c~ ed from one or both ends of -the sepa:ra.tlorl chamber. The sep~ratefl s(-]:i(ls are clischarcJed from -the separatic)n cllamher ~71a one openlng that stret~hec, over its whole width.
In the knowll application of the horizontal c,7clone separator he discharge opening for so]i.d ma~erial and ~he inlet opening for gas stretching over the who.1e ~7idth clisturb the flow condition in the separation chamber.
In tl-le apparctus according to the invention in which the separator is provi.ded with t~o ~ischarge openings spaced a clistance apart from each other, most of the dust coming into the cyclc)ne is separated due to centrifugal force al.ready durinq the first cycle and is discharged from the vortex chamber via an opening disposed by the inlet open;.ng for the gas. The remaining c~ust load is relatively small and cannot essentially decelerate the gas vortex :Eormed in the cylone, thus the effect of the vortex remains good throuqhc.)ut the c~,7clone. The rest of the dust that can be separated is dis-charged via an opening d.isposed at the other end of the cyclone. Separation of the remaining c~ust takes place in an undisturbed flow condition in such a part of the vortex chamber where there are no openings on the periphery. Ry means of the clesign according to the invention the separation efficiency of a horizontal cyclone is improved, which efficiency is, as krown, lower than that of a conventional vertical cyclone, but there are economic advan-tages compared with a circulating fluidized bed reactor having a conventional vertical cyc~lone.
When most of the whirlincJ mass i.s removed from the beginning of the horizontal cvclone, the rest of the cyclone will wear more S10~A~1Y (~he amount of the remalniny whir:lincJ rnass i.S
smaller and an a~erage grain si~e is smaller).
~he invention ~7il]. be described Eurther, by way of example, with reference to the accompanving drawings ln which Fig. 1. ~shows one embodiment according to the invention as a side view~
Fig. 2. shows a section along the line A-A of Fig. 1, Fig. 3. shows a section along the line B-B in Fic. 1, Fig. 4. shows another embodiment according to the invention as a side view and Fig. 5. shows a section along the line C-C in Fig. 4.
In figures 1-3 is shown a circulating fluidized bed reactor, on top of a vertical reactor chamber 2 of which ;s disposed a cyc~one separator 4 provided with a horizontal ~Tortex chamber 3. Gases leaving the upper part of the reactor chamber are led to the vortex chamher by means of a tangentially connected duct S that ls connected to a gas inlet opening 6 disposed on the periphery of the vortex chamber in the vicinity of one of its ends 12. The width 1 of the gas inlet open;ng 6 ;s smaller than the width L of the vortex chamber, which width is as large as that oE the reac-tor chamber. In the other end 13 of the vortex chamber there is a gas outlet opening9 through which the purified gases are discharged. A first discharge opening 8 for separated solid material is disposed by the gas inlet opening in the direction of the longitudinal axis, but on the opposite side of the vorte~ chamber. A first return duct 9 for solid material functioning as a discharge pipe is connected to the discharge opening 8. At the other end of the ~27~70 vo:rt,ex chamber a seeond diseh~rc~e ope~ y ~ Eor separated solid mclterial is disposed at a dlstanf.~e fr~m t-he f:irst li.s charge openincj S .i.n the dlrection of the ~or~gitu~'li.n.ll axi.s. A
second return duet 11 is connected ~o this second discharcJe opening. The lower encls o-f both return duets are eonnectecl to the lower part of t.he reactox ehamber. Fluicli7.ing gas, for example eombustion air,, ;s led in a way known per se to the lower part of the reactor.
Most of the solid materi.al that, is d~lscharged ~lith the flue qas from the upper part of the reactor chalnber is separated at the gas inlet end of the vortex chamber and returnecl to the lower part of the reactor via the return duct 9~ The rest of the solid material that can be separated is separated at the end near the gas dlscharge openlng 7 and returned via the return duct 11. Pur.i-.Eied gases are d.ischarged from the vortex chamber via the opening 7 that can be connected to a heat recovery apparatus.
In the embodimen-t aecording to the i.nvention shown .in figures 4 and 5, the width I., of the separator of the vortex ehamber 23 disposed on top of the reactor chamber 22 is laryer than the wldth o:F the reactor chamber, consequently the vortex chamber str~tches partly over the convection part 24 loca-ted beside the reactor chamber. Due to the large wiclth an ef,eetive separation o:E sol.id material from the flue gas is accomp-lished. ~he ~7idth 1 oE the duct 25 leading to the vortex chamber and of the inlet opening 26 is as large as the width of the reactor chamber. The solid material separated on the periphery of the vortex ehamber is returned to the lower part or the reactor chamber v.ia return c,lucts 29 and 31, of which one is connected to an opening 28 by the gac, in].et openinq ancl the other to an opening by the gas outlet opening. The puri-fied gas leavin~ through the gas discharge opening 27 is led via a duct 32 to the convect;.on part.
Today circulating fluidized bed reactors are more and more appliec1 i.n ~.7aric~us uses such as chemical processes, combustion and gasifying.
The oh~ect of the invention is to accomplish a cixculating fluidized bed reactor, in which solid materia]. can effectivel~f be separated from the rlue gas and returned to a requirecl place in the reactor.
According to th~e invention this is achieved by means o:f a cyclone separator for separatinq particulate material. from the flue c~ases from the reactor chamber, the horizontal vortex chamber of wh.ich being provided with oper.ings on its periphery to which openings is connected a cl~ct leading gas from the reactor chanbe.- and a return duct leading separated solid material to the reactor chamber and from which vortex chamher gas is discharged from one or both end.s, wherein one discharge op~nin~J for separa~ed solid. material is disposed by the inlet openi.nc3 for c3as and the other by the discharge opening For purified gas at a distance ~rom the in].et openinq in the ~ongituc1irlal axial direction of the vortex chamber.
FI patent application 8~1126 discloses a circulating :Eluidized bed reactor in which solid materlal is separated by means of a horizontal cvclone disposed on top o:E the reactor. To the peripherv Or the separation chamber of the horizontal chamber is connected a return duct for separated material, pxeEerab]y to the lowest part of the periphery, and the purified gases ~ ~7~3t,,~
are (li..c~c~ ed from one or both ends of -the sepa:ra.tlorl chamber. The sep~ratefl s(-]:i(ls are clischarcJed from -the separatic)n cllamher ~71a one openlng that stret~hec, over its whole width.
In the knowll application of the horizontal c,7clone separator he discharge opening for so]i.d ma~erial and ~he inlet opening for gas stretching over the who.1e ~7idth clisturb the flow condition in the separation chamber.
In tl-le apparctus according to the invention in which the separator is provi.ded with t~o ~ischarge openings spaced a clistance apart from each other, most of the dust coming into the cyclc)ne is separated due to centrifugal force al.ready durinq the first cycle and is discharged from the vortex chamber via an opening disposed by the inlet open;.ng for the gas. The remaining c~ust load is relatively small and cannot essentially decelerate the gas vortex :Eormed in the cylone, thus the effect of the vortex remains good throuqhc.)ut the c~,7clone. The rest of the dust that can be separated is dis-charged via an opening d.isposed at the other end of the cyclone. Separation of the remaining c~ust takes place in an undisturbed flow condition in such a part of the vortex chamber where there are no openings on the periphery. Ry means of the clesign according to the invention the separation efficiency of a horizontal cyclone is improved, which efficiency is, as krown, lower than that of a conventional vertical cyclone, but there are economic advan-tages compared with a circulating fluidized bed reactor having a conventional vertical cyc~lone.
When most of the whirlincJ mass i.s removed from the beginning of the horizontal cvclone, the rest of the cyclone will wear more S10~A~1Y (~he amount of the remalniny whir:lincJ rnass i.S
smaller and an a~erage grain si~e is smaller).
~he invention ~7il]. be described Eurther, by way of example, with reference to the accompanving drawings ln which Fig. 1. ~shows one embodiment according to the invention as a side view~
Fig. 2. shows a section along the line A-A of Fig. 1, Fig. 3. shows a section along the line B-B in Fic. 1, Fig. 4. shows another embodiment according to the invention as a side view and Fig. 5. shows a section along the line C-C in Fig. 4.
In figures 1-3 is shown a circulating fluidized bed reactor, on top of a vertical reactor chamber 2 of which ;s disposed a cyc~one separator 4 provided with a horizontal ~Tortex chamber 3. Gases leaving the upper part of the reactor chamber are led to the vortex chamher by means of a tangentially connected duct S that ls connected to a gas inlet opening 6 disposed on the periphery of the vortex chamber in the vicinity of one of its ends 12. The width 1 of the gas inlet open;ng 6 ;s smaller than the width L of the vortex chamber, which width is as large as that oE the reac-tor chamber. In the other end 13 of the vortex chamber there is a gas outlet opening9 through which the purified gases are discharged. A first discharge opening 8 for separated solid material is disposed by the gas inlet opening in the direction of the longitudinal axis, but on the opposite side of the vorte~ chamber. A first return duct 9 for solid material functioning as a discharge pipe is connected to the discharge opening 8. At the other end of the ~27~70 vo:rt,ex chamber a seeond diseh~rc~e ope~ y ~ Eor separated solid mclterial is disposed at a dlstanf.~e fr~m t-he f:irst li.s charge openincj S .i.n the dlrection of the ~or~gitu~'li.n.ll axi.s. A
second return duet 11 is connected ~o this second discharcJe opening. The lower encls o-f both return duets are eonnectecl to the lower part of t.he reactox ehamber. Fluicli7.ing gas, for example eombustion air,, ;s led in a way known per se to the lower part of the reactor.
Most of the solid materi.al that, is d~lscharged ~lith the flue qas from the upper part of the reactor chalnber is separated at the gas inlet end of the vortex chamber and returnecl to the lower part of the reactor via the return duct 9~ The rest of the solid material that can be separated is separated at the end near the gas dlscharge openlng 7 and returned via the return duct 11. Pur.i-.Eied gases are d.ischarged from the vortex chamber via the opening 7 that can be connected to a heat recovery apparatus.
In the embodimen-t aecording to the i.nvention shown .in figures 4 and 5, the width I., of the separator of the vortex ehamber 23 disposed on top of the reactor chamber 22 is laryer than the wldth o:F the reactor chamber, consequently the vortex chamber str~tches partly over the convection part 24 loca-ted beside the reactor chamber. Due to the large wiclth an ef,eetive separation o:E sol.id material from the flue gas is accomp-lished. ~he ~7idth 1 oE the duct 25 leading to the vortex chamber and of the inlet opening 26 is as large as the width of the reactor chamber. The solid material separated on the periphery of the vortex ehamber is returned to the lower part or the reactor chamber v.ia return c,lucts 29 and 31, of which one is connected to an opening 28 by the gac, in].et openinq ancl the other to an opening by the gas outlet opening. The puri-fied gas leavin~ through the gas discharge opening 27 is led via a duct 32 to the convect;.on part.
Claims (5)
1. A circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a vertical reactor chamber and a cyclone separator for separating particulate material from the flue gases from the reactor chamber, the horizontal vortex chamber of which being provided with openings on its periphery one of the openings being an inlet opening to which a duct that leads gas from the reactor chamber is connected and the other of the openings being discharge openings to which return ducts leading separated solid material to the reactor chamber are connected and a discharge opening for purified gas at one or both ends, one of the discharge openings for separated solid material being disposed by the inlet opening for gas and an other by the discharge opening for purified gas at a distance from the inlet opening in the longitudinal direction of the vortex chamber.
2. A reactor with circulating mass as claimed in claim 1, wherein one discharge opening for separated material has been disposed at one end of the vortex chamber and the other at its other end.
3. A reactor with circulating mass as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the vortex chamber has been disposed on top of the reactor chamber.
4. A reactor with circulating mass as claimed in claim 3, wherein the breadth (L) of the vortex chamber is greater than the breadth (1) of the reactor chamber.
5. A reactor with circulating mass as, claimed in claim 4, wherein the vortex chamber reaches at least partly over a convection part disposed beside the reactor chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI860244 | 1986-01-20 | ||
| FI860244A FI77165C (en) | 1986-01-20 | 1986-01-20 | REACTOR WITH CIRCULAR MASS. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1274970A true CA1274970A (en) | 1990-10-09 |
Family
ID=8521984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000527689A Expired - Fee Related CA1274970A (en) | 1986-01-20 | 1987-01-20 | Circulating fluidized bed reactor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1274970A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI77165C (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-01-20 FI FI860244A patent/FI77165C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-01-20 CA CA000527689A patent/CA1274970A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI860244A0 (en) | 1986-01-20 |
| FI77165B (en) | 1988-10-31 |
| FI860244L (en) | 1987-07-21 |
| FI77165C (en) | 1989-02-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |