CA1169079A - 1,5-bis-(1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3-azapentane-1,5-diols, process for their manufacture, pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds and their therapeutic application - Google Patents

Abstract

4-13095/CGC 927/+
1,5-Bis-(1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3-azapentane-1,5-diols, process for their manufacture, pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds and their therapeutic application.
Abstract of the disclosure The invention concerns the novel, specific stereoisomer 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-1R,5S-diol and acid addition salts thereof, which have antihypertensive and moderate bradycardic activity. They are prepared for example by hydrogenolysis of the benzyl group from 3-benzyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4 benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-1R,5S-diol.

Description

4-13095/CGC 927/~

1,5-Bis-(1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3 azapentane-1,5-diols, process for their manufacture, pharmaceutical preparations cont~ining these compounds and their therapeutic applicat-ion.

According to ~. Med. Chem. 13, 169 (1970 "Compound 26" of ~he FormNla I, of ~nspecified stereochemical composition, O~ ~C~IOHCH2NHCH2C~O~ ~0~ ~ ~.
! '! ! ! il ! (I) ~-/ \0/ \0/ \-~

has been obtained as a "by-product in the pre~paration of 6 and 7", i.e., the erythro and threo "1-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-yl)-2-amino-ethanols". According to said publication "compound 26" increases heart rate and inhibits isoproterenol induced tachycardia. Structural Formula I may represent any possible stereoisomers of both the erythro and threo series, i.e., the (SRSR), (RSSR), (SRRS), (RRSS), (RSRR), (SRSS), (RSSS), (SRRR), (RRRR) and (SSSS); the (SRSR) and (RRSS) isomers being the meso compounds, and the remaining are racemates.

Taking advantage oi stereospecific syntheses of intermediates inven~ed by the Applicants (Unitèd~States patents 4,187~313 and 4,212,808) specific isomers of either~the erythro or threo series can now be prepared. Surprisingly it was found ~hat the (SRSR)~meso-compound of Fo D la II belowj belonglng to the erythro series, ; is a superior antihypertensive agent with bradycardic acti~ity.

:

' :

oll ~

The present invention concerns therefore the novel, specific stereoisomer 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benæodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR~5S-diol of FormMla II
S R S R
O CH-CH -~H-CH --CH O (II), acid addition salts, especially phanmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, process for their manufacture, pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds and their therapeutic application.

Said acid addition salts are preferably those prepared with the use of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or anion exchange preparation, but a resulting salt can also be converted into the corresponding free base of Formula II, for example, with the use of a stronger base, such as a metal or ammonium hydroxide, a basic salt or a cation exchange preparation, e.g., an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate. Said acid additon salts are, for example, those of pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acids, preferably hydrohalic, e.g., hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid; sulfuric, ~phosphoric, nitric or perchloric acid; aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acids, e.g., formic, acetic, propionic, succinic, glycollic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, maleic, hydroxymaleic, pyruvic, phenylacetic, benzoic, 4-aminobenzoic, anthranilic, 4-hydroxybenæoic, salicylic, 4-aminosalicylic, pamoic, nicotinic; methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, hydroxyethanesulfonic, ethylenesuIfonic, halogenbenzenesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, naphthalenesulfonic, sulfanilic or cyclohexylsulfamic acid; or the ascorbic acid. These or other salts, for example, the picrates, can : :
also be used for purification of the base obtained, which is converted into salts, the sal~s are separated and the base is liberated .. , :
.

3 ~ 1~ 9 from the salts.

In view of the close relationship between the free compound, and the compound in the form of its salts, whenever any compound is referred to in this context; a corresponding salt is also intended, provided such is possible or appropriate under the circumstances.

The compounds of the invention exhibit valuable pharmacological properties, primarily antihyper~ensive and moderate bradycardic effects. This is demonstrable by animal tests, using advan~ageously mammals, e.g., rats or dogs, as test objects, preferably genetically hypertensive rats or renal hypertensive dogs. Said compounds can be applied to them enterally or parenterally, advantageously orally, for example, within gelatin capsules or in the form of starchy suspensions or aqueous solutions, respectively. The applied dosage may range between about 0.01 and 50 mg~kg/day, preferably between about 0.1 and 25 mg/kg/day, advantageously between abou~ 1 and 10 mg/kgiday. The lowering effect on the blood pressure is recorded either directly by means of a catheter, for example, placed in the dog's femoral artery, or indirectly by sphy~momanometry at the rat's tail, and a transducer9 expressing the blood pressure prior and after dosing in mm Hg. Thus, fQr example, the 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol monomesylate or the corresponding hydrochloride, as representative members of the compounds of this invention, are very efficacious antihypertensive agents when administered e.g.
orally to spontaneously hypertensive rats and renal hypertensive dogs. There i5 no diminution in response to its antihyper~ensive action when given repeatedly, and the blood pressure reduction is accompanied by a slight to moderate reduction in the heart rate.
Antihypertensive doses produce no u~toward side-effects in the hypertensive animals or in sophisticated animal behavioral models.
While said new compound according to the invention does have a ~-adrenoreceptor blocking action, its potency is less than that of .
.

I 1~'3~ ~9 propranolol, whi~h, besides, has no antihypertensive activity in the dog and weak activity in the rat hypertensive models. The antihypertensive effect of our new compound, therefore, appears to be based predominantly on mechanisms other than ~-adrenoreceptor blockade and there is no evidence of a.cerebrally located mechanism of action. On the other hand, there is evidence suggestive of peripheral vasodilatation which thus essentially contributes to the impressive antihypertensive efficacy of the compounds of this inven-tion. The compounds of the present invention are thus useful antihypertensive and bradycardic agents, for example in the treatment or management of primary, secondary or chronic hypertension.
They are.also useful intermediates in the preparation of other valuable products, especially of pharmacologically active composi-tions.

The compounds of the invention are prepared according to methods known per se, advantageously by:

1) reacting compounds of Formulae III and IV

H H
+ H N-CH -CH~
~- O OH O ~
(III) (IV) or the respective antipodes thereof, or racemates thereof, and, if necessary, separating the resulting mixture of isomers;

2) hydrogenolyzing or hydrolyzing a compound of Formula V or an isomeric mixture containing a compound of formula V

. ~ ~

S R S R
o O\ ~CH-CH2-N-CH2-GH\ /\ / ~, (V) ~/ \O/ OH \O/ ,.~!

wherein Y is an a-araliphatic or an acyl radical; or hydrolyzing compounds of formula ~ wherein Y is acyl and one of the hydroxy groups is protected with an acyl radical, and, if necessary, separating the resulting mixture of isomers; or

3) heating the compound of formula III or racemate thereof with ammonia, and, if necessary, separating the resulting mixture of isomers and, if desired, converting any resulting compound into another compound of the invention.

In the process 1) the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent, for example in an aliphatic alcohol, preferably in a lower alkanol, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, at elevated temp~ratures, especially at the reflux temperature.

The tenm "lower"7 referred to above or hereinafter in connection with organic radicals or compounds respectively, defines such with up to 7, preferably up to 4, and advantageously those with one or two carbon atoms.

In the starting material of Formula V9 the a-araliphatic amino protecting group Y is preferably a mono- to tricyclic a-araliphatic radical, especially such an a-aralkyl radical such as benzyl, a-phenethyl, benzhydryl or trityl, unsubs~ituted in ~he benzene rings, or substi~uted therein by lower alkyl, e.g., methyl or ethyl; lower alko~y, e.g., methoxy or ethoxy; hydroxy; halogeno, e.g~, chloro or bromo; or nitro. Said acyl radical Y is preferably lower alkanoyl, e.g., formyl, acetyl or propionyl; lower alkoxy-carbonyl or carbobenzoxy; carbamoyl; sulamoyl; aliphatic or : ~
;
;

~ ~9~179 aromatic sulfonyl, e.g., mesyl or tosyl; or aroyl, e.g., unsubsti-tuted benzoyl or benzoyl substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or halogeno as defined above.

Depending on the neutral or acidic character of said protecting groups Y, they are split off either by hydrogenolysis or by hydrolysis. The neutral protecting groups named above in the former instances, are split off, for example, with catalytically activated or nascent hydrogen, e.g., hydrogen in the presence of palladium, or generated electrolytically. In the process 2) the hydrogenolysis i8 carried out in an inert solvent, preferably in a lower alkanoic acid or in a lower alkanol, such as acetic or propionic acid, or methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, especially a~ temperatures between 10 and 75. Said acyl compounds of the Formula ~ are advantageously cleaved with the use of aqueous acids or bases, or such salts, for example hydrochloric, trifluoroacetic or methanesulfonic acid; or aqueous alkali metal hydroxides or carbonates, e.g., sodium or potassium hydroxide or carbonate. In the hydrolysis preferably a lower alkanol, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol can be used as solvent.
The reaction is carried out at elevated temperatures, especially at the boiling point of the solvent. In case of said sulfur-con-taining acyl groups, also reducing agents may be used, such as com-plex light metal hydride.s, e.g., lithium aluminium hydride.

In the process 3) preferably about one hal~ molar equivalent of ammonia is used. The reaction is carried out in an inert solvent, for exa~ple in an aliphatic alcohol, prefer~bly in a lower alkanol, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, at elevated tempera-tures, for example between 50 and 150 in a sealed tube.
:

J ~ 7 9 The starting materials of Formulae III and IV are preferably prepared according to our process which comprises the following steps:

a) ~\ /CHO 2 H !~-\ /CHO HC-CH2-Z
i~ i! + HC-CH2-Z ~/ \O CH 11 (VI) wherein M is an alkali metal atom and Z a halogen atom;

b) VI + 2 Ac-OOH ~ \ /OCHO HC---CH2 (VII) ~- O-CH2-HC

wherein the radical Ac is lower alkanoyl, haloalkanoyl, unsubstituted or substituted benæoyl or phthaloyl; and c) ring-closing said oxirans of the For~ula VII with a hydroxy ion donating agent, to yield after separation of isomers via diastereomeric derivatives the compound of Formula III and its antipode, which may be converted to the carbinolamine of Formula IV by means of reactions known ~o the art and exemplified herein.

Variously, said compound of Formula III may be prepared by condensing the following compounds:
~: :
.\ /OM 2 ~

~-/ \OM ~ CH2-Z

~herein N and Z have the above-given meaning. The reaction is :
advantageously carried out in the presence of diluents, such as lower alkylformamides or -sulfoxides and between about 50 and about 70.

- .
.

':

1 ~3~ ~9 The d"e-erythro-compounds of the ~ormula IV obtained from d,~ -erythro compounds of Formula III and comprising the R,S- and S,R-enantiomers, can be separated with the use of optically active acids, such as mandelic or tartaric acid, camphor sulphonic acid or by derivati-zation with l-(l-naphthyl)-ethyl isocyanate. Such separation is advantageously carried out as described for the compounds V below, or according to J. Org. Chem. 43, 38~3 (1978).

Said starting material of the Formula III may also be prepared by the chiral synthesis exemplified herein, utilizing an asymmetric isocyanate for the preparation of a chromatographically separable mixture.

The starting material of Fonmula V, e.g., wherein Y is benzyl, is easily obtained by recrystallization of the erythro mixture of diastereomers obtained from oxiran of Formula III, and its antipode (i.e., racemic erythro oxiran) with the amine Y-NH2.
Preferably salts thereof are recrystallized, for example, the hydro-chloride or maleate, which come out of solution easily, leaving the undesired stereoisomers in solution. Said recrystallization is preferably carried out in anhydrous or aqueous lower alkanols, such as ethanol, n- or i-propanol. This separation is another aspect of our invention, because stereoisomeric mixtures of compounds with Y = H are difficult to separate via crystallization, even in the simple case of three isomers present (i.e., SRSR, RSSR and SRRS).
The latter mixture of isomers may be spearated chromatographically.

The starting material of Formula V, e.g., wherein Y is acyl, may be obtained as follows:
a) reacting the aminoalcohol of Formula IV, its racemate or an~ipode, with an acyl halide or an equivalent wherein acyl preferably repre-sents lower alkanoyl, benzoyl or benzoyl substituted by lower alkyl, lower aIkoxy or halogen, I P~3~3'7~

b) treating the resulting erythro 2-(2-acyla~ino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dihydro-17~-benzodioxin with a dehydrating agent, e.g. thionyl chloride in pyridine, c) reacting the resulting erythro 2-(2-aryl or lower alkyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-5-yl~2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin, wherein aryl preferably represents phenyl or phenyl substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or halogen, with the oxiran bf Formula III, its racemate or antipode.

In case mixtures of isomers of the above starting materials and endproducts are obtained, these can be separated into the single isomers by methods in themseives known, e.g. by fractional distilla-tion, ~rystallization and/or chromatography. Racemic products can likewise be resolved into the optical antipodes, for example, by separation of diastereomeric salts thereof, e.g. by the fractional crystallisation of d- or L-tartrates.

The above-mentioned reactions are carried out according to standard methods, in the presence or absence of diluents, preferably such as are inert to the reagents and are solvents thereof, of catalysts, condensing agents and/or inert atmospheres J at low temperatures, room temperature or elevated temperatures, at atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure.

The invention further includes any variant of the disclosed process, in which an intermediate product obtainable at any stage thereof is ùsed as a starting material and any remaining steps are carried out, or the process is discontinued at any stage thereof, or in which a starting material is formed under the reaction conditions, or in which the reaction components are used in the form of their salts or optically pure antipodes.

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The pharmacologically active ~ompounds of the invention are useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions containing an efective amount thereof in conjunction or admixture with excipients suitable for either enteral or parenteral application. Preferred are tablets and gelatin capsules comprising the active ingredient together with diluents9 e.g. lactose, dextrose, sucrose, mannitol~ sorbitol, cellulose, and/or glycine, and lubricantsg e.g. silica, talcum, stearic acid, its magnesium or calcium salt and/or polyethyleneglycol;
for tablets also binders, e.g. magnesium aluminium silicate, starch paste, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cel~ulose an~/or polyvinylpyrrolidone, if desired, disintegrants, e.g. starches, agar, alginic acid or its sodium salt or effervescent mixtures and/or adsorbents, colorants, flavors and sweeteners.
InJectable compositions are preferably aqueous isotonic solutions or suspensions, and suppositories are advantageously prepared from fatty emulsions or suspensions. Said compositions may be sterilized and/or contain adjuvants, such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, solution promoters, salts for regulating the os tic pressure and/or buffers. In addition, they may also contain other therapeutically valuable substances. Said pharmaceutical compositions are prepared according to conventional mixing, granu-lating or coating methods~respectively and contain about 0.1 to 90%, preferably about 1 to 75% of the active ingredient. A unit dosage for a mammal of about 50-70 kg weight may contain between about 10 and 100 mg of the active ingredient.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as being limitations thereon. Temperatures are given in degrees Centigrade, and all parts wherever given are parts of weight. If not mentioned otherwise, all evaporations are performed under reduced pressure, prefera~ly between about 15 and 100 mm~g.

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Example 1: The mixture of 150 g of 3-benzyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-L,4-benzo-:
dioxin-2S-yl)-5-~2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol, 995 ml of glacial acetic acid and 7.5 g of 10% palladium on carbon is hydrogenated at 40 and 3.4 atm until the hydrogen uptake ceases. The mixture is filtered, the filtrate poured into 2,000 ml of water, the mixture cooled to 10 and basified with 1,500 ml of 28% aqueous am~onia. The precipitate formed is filtered off, washed four times with 500 ml of water (each time) and dried at 40 and 6 mmHg, to yield the 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol melting at 139-141~.

The suspension of 180 g thereof in 1,230 ml of anhydrous ethanol is heated to 78 under nitrogen, when dissolution occurs. The solution is stirred and slowly cooled to room temperature overnight, the resulting crystals collected, washed twice with 35 ml of ethanol (each time) and dried at 50 and 6 mmHg, to yield said compound in crystalline form, melting at 143 - 145.

To the solution of 148.6 thereof in 1,500 ml of anhydrous ethanol, 43 g of 98% methanesulfonic acid are added at 65 and ~he solution stirred for three minutes at said temperature. The mixture is stirred and cooled to 20 during one hour, filtered, the residue washed three times with 80 ml of ethanol (each time) and dried at 90 and 0.5 mmHg, to yield the monomesylate of said compound melting at 215 - 217 with decomposition.

The starting material is prepared according to t~e new process disclosed as follows:

To 130 litre of ethanol, 12.1 kg of sodium methoxide are added while cooling and stirring, followed by 26.5 kg of salicylaldehyde at 30.

~; .

Thereupon 33.3 kg of trans-1,4-dichloro-2 butene are added and the mixture heated to 68 for 4 hours. It is combined with 156 1 of toluene, 187 1 of water and 9.4 kg of 36% hydrochloric acid while keeping the temperature at about 30. The precipitate formed is filtered off and washed with 16 1 of toluene. The filtrate is separated, the organic layer washed 3 times with 27 1 of water, evaporated, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at 170/
0.2 mmHg~collected, to yield the 2-(4-chloro-trans-2-butenyloxy)-benzaldehyde.

23.0 kg thereof are added to the solution of 63.4 kg of m-chloro-perbenzoic acid-in 342 1 of methylene chloride, held at 30-35, during 90 minutes. The mixture is refluxed for 48 hours, cooled to room temperature and combined with a sufficient amount of 17 aqueous sodium bisulfite, until the potassium iodide~starch test is negative. The mixture is filtered, the residue washed with 20 1 of methylene chloride, the filtrate separated and the organic layer9 containing the 2-(4-chloro-trans-2,3-epoxy-butyloxy)-phenol formate, collected.

It is diluted with 50 1 of methylene chloride and 125 1 of methanol, and combined with 16.6 kg of 85% technical grade potassium hydroxide in 130 1 of water at 20-25. The mixture is stirred for 16 hours at said temperature, the organic layer separated and washed with 50 1 of water multiple times, until the pH of 6.0-7.5 is reached. It is evaporated below 40/20-50 mmHg, and 93 kg of the crude residue are dissolved in 33 1 of isopropanol at 60-70. The solution is cooled to 25-28, seeded, gradually cooled to -8 and allowed to stand overnight at said temperature. The precipitate for~ed is filtered off, washed with 22 1 of isop~opanol at -10, and dried at room temperature and reduced pressure, to yield the d,~ erythro-2-oxiranyl-1,4-ben~odioxan melting at 50-53; it is the racemate consisting of the compound of Formula III and its RS antipode.

,.. ;

. .~ . .
, 9~79 - 13 ~

Variously, said intermediate may also be obtained according to the other process mentioned previously, thus: To the solution of 7,250 g of m-chloroperbenzoic acid in 4,500 ml chloroform is added

4,125 g of trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene during 15 minutes while stirring under nitrogen at room temperature. After one hour the mixture is refluxed for 48 hours and stirred at 10~ for 1 hour.
It is fil~ered, the residue washed twice with 4,000 ml of chloroform (each time), and the combined filtrates are washed three times with 5,000 ml of 0.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide and water each.
They are dried, evaporated, the residue distilled and the fraction boiling at 87-89~/20 m~Hg collected, to yield the trans-2,3-bis-chloromet~yloxiran.

To the solution of 1,390 g thereof and 1,095 g of catechol in 9,~70 ml of dimethylsulfoxide, 711 g of sodium hydroxide pellets are added while stirring under nitrogen at 8. Stirring is continued overnight at room temperature, whereupon 49,000 ml of water are quickl~
added. The mixture is extracted four times with 10,000 ml of diethyl ether, the extract washed with 8,000 ml of water, dried and evaporated.
The residual oil is distilled and the fraction boiling at 76-102/
0.05 mmHg collected, to yield the d,~ -erythro-2-oxiranyl-1,4-benzodioxan, i.e., the 2,3-dihydro-2-(2S-oxiranyl)-1,4-2R-benzodioxin (and its RS antipode) melting at 46-48o 2,886 g thereof are added all at once to the solution of 777 g of benzylamine in 16,200 ml of isopropanol while stirring at room tempera~ure under nitrogen. The mixture is stirred at 98 for five hours, cooled to 30 and combined with 678 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Stirring is continued overnight a~ room temperature and the resulting suspension diluted with 4,000 ml of isopropanol.
It is filtered, the residue washed four times with 2,000 ml of isopropanol (each time) and dried at 50 and 6 mmHg, to yield a crude mixture of three stereoisomers.

;, ~ ~ ~9~79 2,936 g thereof are dissolved in 44,000 ml of methanol at 65 and the solution stirred under nitrogen while slowly ccoling to room temperature ove~night. The precipita~e formed is collected9 washed twice with 1,000 ml of methanol (each time) and recrystallized twice more, to yield the 3-benzyl~(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benæodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol hydro-chloride melting at 215-217.

To the suspension of 2,602 g thereof in 28,000 ml of ~ater, 4,000 ml of saturated aqueous ammonium hydroxide are added while stirring at room temperature under nitrogen. After two hours 46,000 ml o diethyl ether are added, agitation is stopped and the organic layer separated. The aqueous layer is extracted once more with 15,200 ml of diethyl ether, the combined extracts are dried, filtered and evaporated, to yield the corresponding free base melting at 108-110.

Example 2: The mixture of 5 g of 3-benzyl-1-(2,3-dihydro~1,4-benzo-dioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR, 5S-diol, 50 ml of acetic acid and 0.5 g of 10% palladium-on-carbon is hydrogenated at 3.0 atm and 25 until one molar equivalent of hydrogen has been absorbed. It is filtered, evaporated, the residue basified with aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The extract is dried, evaporated, the residue taken up in ethanol and the solution acidified with ethanolic hydrogen chloride, to yield the 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4 benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol hydrochloride hemihydrate melting at 150-152 with decomposition.
.
Drying of the salt at 100 under high vacuum for 3 days gives the anhydrous hydrochloride salt melting at 165-166 with decomposition.

~`' ~..

~ ~G3~9 The starting material is prepared as follows: The mixture of 9 g of d,1e-erythro-2-oxiranyl-1,4 benzodioxan and 2.4 g of benzylamine is stirred under nitrogen at 100 for three hours. The cooled mixture is taken up in isopropanol, made acidic with 4 N ethanolic hydrogen chloride and after 24 hours the crystalline mixture of the hydro chloric acid salts of the meso and racemic 3-benzyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl) 3-azapentane-1,5-diol of the erythro series is filtered off, m.p.
120-150 (deco~position).

Said hydrochlorides are suspended in water, ~he mixture made basic with 3N aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride.
The extract is dried, evaporated and the residue of the corresponding bases chromatographed on alumina, using chloroform, one quarter saturated with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, as eluent, to yield the (SRSR) meso compound at Rf = 0.~5, and the (RSSR, SRRS) racemate at Rf = 0.55.

Alternatively and more practically, 14.6 g of said basic mixture of meso compound and racemate is dissolved in 200 ml of isopropanol and treated with 4.1 g of maleic acid. After standing two weeks at room temperature, the crystalline maleate of the desired meso compound completely separates, and the mother liquor contains said racemic salt, which salts are converted in~o the free bases as shown in Example 1.

Said racemic (RSSR) and (SRRS) base mixture is catalytically debenzylated, as shown above for the (SRSR) meso base, to yield the corresponding racemic (RSSR, SRRS) hydrochloride hemihydrate melting at 205 with decomposition.

;

~ ~9~7~

~xample 3: As mentioned at the beginning of the description, Formula I
depicts in fact "10 possible stereoisomers". The configuration of the single (SRSR) isomer of Formula II, which has the desired pharmacolo-gical properties, is proven according to the following two procedures:

1) The hot solution of 1.13 g of the above-described (SBSR) base, 0.71 g of d-10-camphorsulfonic acid and 10 ml of isopropanol is allowed to cool to room temperature and 1.4 g of the resulting crystalline camphorsulfonate is recrystallized eight times from isopropanol. The base regenerated from the eighth recrystallized product shows an [a]D = 0 (2% in DMS0). In the like manner 0.88 g of the (RSSR, SRRS) racemate, mentioned above, and 0.32 g o~
d-malic acid in 3 ml of hot isopropanol is allowed to cool to room temperature. The crystals obtained are recrystallized twice from isopropanol and the base regenerated from this salt shows an []D~ ~7 33 (3% in DMF). Thus, the product which could be resolved is hereby shown to be the racemate, and the former compound must be the meso-compound.

2) The mixture of 0.59 g of said (SRSR) base, 0.23 g of -l-phen-ethylisocyanate and 5 ml of methylene chloride is refluxed overnight under nitrogen and evaporated to yield the corresponding urea. A
parallel experimen~ with said racemic base and the ~-isocyanate gave another urea preparation. The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of both preparations were measured on a Bruker 90.52 ~Hz instrument in CDC13 with TMS (tetramethylsilane) as a standard.
The signals for the two aliphatic carbons of the phenethylamine moiety of the meso-derived urea were two single-line signals at 52.587 and 23.179 p.p.m.

The corresponding signals from the racemate-derived urea were two doublet signals at 52.857, 52.776 and 23.152, 23.044 p.p.m., respectively. This is in accord with the expectation that reaction of ,~

~ ~9~'7~

a meso base with a chiral isocyanate gives but one urea, whereas the reaction of a racemic base wi~h a chiral isocyanate gives two ureas, which are diastereomeric isomers.

Example _ The mixture of 2.0 g of 2R-(lS-hydroxy-2-aminoethyl)-1,4-benzodioxan, 1.8 of 2S-tlR-oxiranyl)-1,4-benzodioxan and 20 ml of isopropanol is refluxed overnight. After cooling it is acidified with 4 N ethanolic hydrogen chloride and the resulting hydrochloride hemihydrate filtered of~, m.p. 150-152; it is identical with that of Example 2, [a]D = 0 (2% in DMS0).

The starting materials are prepared as follows: To the solution of 8 g of thiophenol in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, coolsd in ice, is added 4 g of 50% sodium hydridein mineral oil while stirring under nitrogen. After the hydrogenevolution has ceased, 12.8 g of d,~e-erythro-2-oxiranyl-1,4-benzodioxan are added and the mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature. It is refluxed for two hours, cooled, acidified with 10% hydrochloric acid and evaporated. The residue is taken up in diethyl ether, the solution washed with water and evaporated to yield the d~ -erythro-2-(2-phenylthio-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-1,4-benzodioxan. It is taken up in 50 ml of toluene, the solution combined with 14 g of (R)-N-[l-(l-naphthyl)-ethyl]-isocyanate and 1% (by weight of the benzodioxan compound named above) of N,N-dimethylethanolamine and the mixture reflu~ed for six hours. It is evaporated and the residue chromatographed on neutral alumina using hexane-methylene chloride (5:1) as eluting agentand monitoring the eluate in the W -spectrum a~ 280 ~u. The first fractîon is collected and evaporated, to yield the N-[lR-(l-napth~hyl)-ethyl3-lS-(1,4-benzodioxan-2R-yl)-2-phenylthio-ethylcarbamate. The second fraction from the chromatogram is collected and evaporated to yield the N-[lR-(l-naphthyl)-ethyl]-lR-(1,4 benzodioxan-2S-yl)-2-phenylthioethylcarbamate.

.~ .

To the solution of 18.8 g of said first fraction product in 200 ml of methylene chloride and 10.2 ml of triethylamine is added dropwise the solution of 3.4 ml of trichlorosilane in 50 ml of methylene chloride and the mixture is refluxed overnight. It is cooled, washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and evaporated, to yield the erythro-2R-(2-phenylthio-lS-hydroxyethyl)-1,4-benzodioxan.

To the stirred solution thereof in 60 ml of methylene chloride 4 g of trimethyloxonium fluoroborate are added and stirring is continued until all the salt is dissolved (three hours). Then 47 ml of 10%
aqueous sodium hydroxide are added while stirring and after three hours the organic layer is separated, dried and evaporated, to yield the desired 2R-(lS-oxiranyl)-1,4-benzodioxan of sufficient puritV for further reaction. A purified sample can be obtained by distillation of the above material in a bulb tube at 130 and 0.1 mmHg. This epoxide melts at 65 and has an [a]D - -48.6 (2% in chloroform).

The second fraction product of said diastereomeric carbamate (obtained from the above-described chromatography) is treated in the analogous manner, to yield the 2S-(lR-oxiranyl)-1,4-benzodioxan which, when purified as described above, has a m.p. 65 and [a]D = ~ 48.8.

The mixture of 10 g of 2R-(lS-oxiranyl)-1,4-benzodioxan, 3 g of sodium a7ide and 50 ml of dimethylformamide is stirred at 90 for 8 hours. Most of the dimethylformamide is distilled off and the residue diluted with water and extracted with cyclohexane. The extract is washed with water, dried, evaporated and the resulting crude azide dissolved in 50 ml of te~rahydrofuran. This solution is added drop-wise to the stirred and cooled solution of 3 g of lithium aluminium hydride in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran. ~fter completed addition the mixture is refluxed for two hours, cooled in ice and decomposed by the successive addition of 3 ml of water, 3 ml of 15% aqueous sodium hydroxide and 9 ml of water. The inorganic salts are filtered off, t~l~f~ 9 washed with diethyl ether, the filtrate dried and ev~porated9 to yield the 2R-(lS-hydroxy~2-aminoethyl)-1,4-benzodioxan as a sufficiently pure oil.

Example 5: To the solution of 6 g of 1,3-bisacetyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-aza-pen~ane-lR,5S-diol in 100 ml of isopropanol, 15 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid are added, and ~he mixture refluxed for 48 hours.
It is euaporated, the residue triturated with isopropanol, filtered off and recrystallized from ethanol, to yield the 1-(2,3 dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentan-lR,5S-diol hydrochloride hemihydrate melting at 150-152 with decomposition. It is identical with the product of Examples 2 and 4.

The starting material is prepared as follows:
To the mix~ure of 3 g of 2R-(lS-hydroxy-2-aminoethyl)-1, 4-benzo-dioxan and 10 ~1 of pyridine, 3 ml of acetic anhydride are added while stirring at room temperature. After 6 hours it is evaporated, the residue taken up in methylene chloride, the solution washed with 5% hydrochloric acid and 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried and evaporated.

The~residual bisacetyl derivative is dissolved in 15 ml of dimethyl-formamide, and ~he solution combined with 0.74 g of 50% sodium hydride in mineral oil while stirring at room temperature. After 2 hours9 2.7 g of 2S-(lR-oxiranyl)-1,4-benzodioxan are added, and the mixture stirred for 24 hours at room temperature under nitrogen.
It is evaporated and the residue triturated with petroleum ether;
~the residue is dissolved in water, neutralized with dilute hydro-chloric acid and extraoted with methylene chloride to yield the 1,3-bisacetyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol.

1 ~139~79 Ei~lLL A solution of 5.0 g of d,~ -erythro-2-oxiranyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin in 50 ml ethanol and 2.0 ml concentrated ammonium hydroxide is heated in a sealed tube at 100 for 3 days.
The dark liquid is evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue dissolved in 50 ml of ethyl acetate and shaken with 30 ml of lN
hydrochloric acid solution. The precipitated solid is filtered off and air dried to yield 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3-aæapentane-1,5-diol hydrochloride con-sisting of a crude mixture of meso and d~ isomers. This is converted to the free base (with 3N aqueous sodium hydroxide, as described in Example 2) and purified by reversad phase high pressure liquid chromatography on a cyanopropyl bonded silica gel colum~ with a sol-vent consisting of 80% methanol and 20% of 0.05% aqueous ammonium carbonate to yield as the fastest moving component the meso isomer namely the 1-(2,3-dihydro~1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,SS-diol melting at 139-141, identical to compound of example 1.

Example 7: A solution of 0.45 g of crude meso- and ,~ -erythro 3-benzoyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3-azapentane-1,5-diol in a solution of 1 g of potassium hydroxide in 5 ml of methanol and 0.5 ml of water is heated under reflux overnlght. After dilution with water, the oily mixture is extracted several times with lN hydrochloric acid.
The acidic, aqueous l~yer is made basic with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, extracted with ether and evaporated, to yield a crude oil. The oil is dissolved in 2 ml of isopropanol and 4N ethanolic hydrochloric acid is added. The precipitated solid is filtered off to yield the 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4 benzodioxin-2-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3-azapen~ane-1~5-diol hydro-chloride consis~ing of a curde mixture of meso and d,1e isomers.
This is converted to the frae base (as described in Example 2) and purified by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromato~raphy as ,.

~ ~9~9 described in example 6 to yield the meso isomer 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-~2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2~-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol identical to compound of example 1.

The starting material is prepared as follows: A solution of 12.0 g of benzylamine in 20 ml isopropanol is heated to reflux and 10.0 g of d,~e-erythro 2-oxiranyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin in 40 ml of isopropanol is added dropwise. The solution is rPEluxed overnight and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. After the addition of water, the oily mixture is extracted several times with ether.
Upon shaking the ether solution with 3N hydrochloric acid, a solid precipitates out which is filtered off. A recrystallization from isopropanol yields the d,~e -erythro-2-(2-benzylamino-l-hydroxy-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin hydrochloride melting at 167-169.

A mixture of 5.0 g of d,~e -erythro-2-(2-ben~ylamino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-ben%odioxin hydrochloride in 190 ml ethanol7 10 ml water and 0.5 g 10% palladium on carbon is hydrogenated at 3.4 atmospheres. The catalyst is filtered off and the filtrate is evapo-rated to dryness under reduced pressure to give the d,~e -erythro-2-(2-amino-l~hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin hydrochloride, melting at 227-229. This is converted into the free base according to Example 2.

2.5 g of d,~ -erythro-2-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin (free base) is dissolved in 25 ml of pyridine, cooled in an ice bath and 1.8 ml of benzoyl chloride is added dropwise.
The solution is stirred at room temperature for 3 days and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, to obtain the crude product melting at 95-115. Two recrystallizations from ethanol yield the d,~ -erythro-2-(2-benzamido-1-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzo-dioxin, melting at 145-148.

I ~ ~'3 ~ f'';~

A mixture of 2.5 g of d,æ -erythro-2-(2-benzamido-1-hydroxyethyl)-293-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin and 9.2 ml of thionyl chloride is stirred at room temperature for three minutes and then heated on a steam ba~h for two minutes. After evaporation to dryness, dilute sodium hydroxide is added to pH 11, the mixture is extracted with ether and evaporated to yield the crude product.
Recrystallization from ethanol gives the d,~-erythro-2-(2-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-5~yl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin melting at 114-115.

d,~ -Ery~hro-2-(2-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-5-yl)-2,3-dihydro-benzodioxin (0.3 g) and d, ~-arythro-2-oxiranyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin (0.19 g) are heated together at 100 overnight.
After cooling, additon of ether precipitates residual starting material. The filtrate containing erythro 3-benzoyl-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-3-azapentane-1,5-diol as a mixture of meso and d,e isomers is evaporated to dryness and the crude material is used directly in the above hydrolysis to the desired product.

Exam~le 8- Preparation of 10,000 tablets each containing 5 mg of the active ingredient:

Eormula:
.. ..
1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1~4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol monomesylate50 g Lactose 1,157 g Corn Starch 75 g Polyethylene glycol 6,000 75 g Talcum powder 75 g Magnesium stearate 18 g Purified water q.s '7 ~

Procedure: All the powders are passed through a screen with openings of 0.6 mm. Then the drug substance, lactose, talcum, magnesium stearate and half of the starch are mixed in a suitable mixer. The other half of the starch is suspended in 40 ml of water and the suspension added to the bolling solution of the polyethylene glycol in 150 ml of water. The paste formed is added to the powders which are granula~ed, if necessary, with an additional amount of water.
The granulate is dried overnight at 35, broken on a screen with 1.2 mm openings and compressed into tablets using concave punches with 6.4 mm diameter, uppers bisected.

Example 9: Preparation of 10,000 capsules each containing 20 mg of the active ingredient:

Formula:
1-~2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-lR,5S-diol hydro-chloride Kemihydrate 200 g Lactose 1,800 g Talcum powder 100 g Procedure: All the powders are passed through a screen with openings of 0.6 mm. Then the drug substance is placed in a suitable mixer and mixed first ~ith the talcum, then with the lactose until ~omogenous. No.'3 capsules are filled wi~h 203 mg each, using a capsule filling machine.

The good antihypertensive activity of the new compound of the For-mula IIg for example, in the form of its hydrochlorideg is shown in the rat as follows:
A group of three spontaneously hypertensive rats is given two successive 10 mg/kg p.o. daily doses of said compound. The rat's systolic blood pressure is estimated by tail sphygmomanometry, ~' .

before and at intervals aftær each dose. The unanestheti~ed rats are restrained in methyl methacrylate plastic holders in a com-partment ~aintained at 32C.

The follo~ing results (~eans) ha~e been obtained after the oral administration of 10 ~g/kg p.o. daily doses of said cd~pound within a corn starch vehicle, on ~o consecutive days:

Systolic blood pressure reductio~ in ~m~g post-first dose in hours: After 24h -51.0; 25h y -72.0; 26h ~ _55.0; 27h ~ _55.7 and after 48h ~ -56.0 2mHg.

According eo the above results, the co~pound of the Fonmula II
causes a consistent reduction of the blood pressure.

J~

Claims (8)

Claims

1. Process for the manufacture of 1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-1R,5S-diol of the Formula II

(II), acid addition salts thereof which consists in 1) reacting compounds of Formula III and IV
+ (III) (IV) or the respective antipodes thereof, or racemates thereof, and, if necessary, separating the resulting mixture of isomers, or 2) hydrogenolyzing or hydrolyzing a compound of Formula V or an isomeric mixture containing a compound of Formula V
(V) wherein Y is an .alpha.-araliphatic or an acyl radical; or hydrolyzing com-pounds of Formula V wherein Y is acyl and one of the hydroxy groups is protected with an acyl radical, and, if necessary, separating the resulting mixture of isomers, or 3) heating the compound of Formula III or the racemate thereof with ammonia, and, if necessary, separating the resulting mixture of isomers, and, if desired, converting a resulting free compound into an acid addition sale or a resulting acid addition salt into the free compound or into another acid addition salt.

2. Process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction 1) is carried out at the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture.

3. Process according to claim 1, wherein in reaction 2) a starting material of Formula V having an .alpha.-araliphatic radical Y, is hydro-genolyzed with catalytically activated or nascent hydrogen or with hydrogen generated electrolytically.

4. Process according to claim 1, wherein in reaction 2) in a starting material of Formula V having an acyl radical Y, this radical is split off with aqueous acids or bases or with complex light metal hydrides.

5. Process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction 3) is carried out with one half molar equivalent of ammonia.

6. Process according to claim 1, wherein a resulting mixture of isomers or of salts of the isomers is separated by chromatography or crystallization respectively.

7. Process according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate product obtained at any stage is used as starting material and any remain-ing steps are carried out, or the process is discontinued at any stage thereof, or in which the starting materials are formed under the reaction conditions, or the reaction components are used in the form of their optically pure antipodes.

8. 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2S-yl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2R-yl)-3-azapentane-1R,5S-diol and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, whenever prepared or produced by the process of manufacture claimed in claim 1 or by any process which is an abvious chemical equivalent thereof.