BRPI1101237A2 - agricultural implement forming fatlines in the field of sugarcane cultivation, assisting in the mechanized harvesting procedure of high performance sugarcane - Google Patents

Abstract

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTATION OF FAT-FORMER IN THE SUGAR CANE CROP GROWING FIELD, AID IN THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SUGAR MECHANIZED HARVESTING PROCEDURE. Represented by an inventive solution in the industry and trade of agricultural implement type equipment, particularly in the sugar and alcohol sector, whose main objective is to provide economic viability of sugarcane harvesting operation through mechanized harvester implement, eliminating planting areas. excluded by low productivity, where the inventor devised an unprecedented condition such that it doubles the volume of sugar cane defined in a conventional line (L1), which ensures the doubling of harvesting capacity and reduces at least 50% the fuel consumption demanded by the harvester operation, and for this purpose it conceived the unprecedented small implement (A), and once coupled to a traction vehicle (T), penetrates one of the streets formed by two adjacent planting lines (L1), such that their front grid (9), line separator, promotes lateral tipping of the plants of the line (L1) whose stem cut by the cutting device formed by cutting disc (1) with knives (2) and beaters (3), where then the fallen and cut volume is accommodated at the bottom of the line (L1). ) adjacent, by means of an accommodating element (6), where at the end of the operation results in a harvest area formed by rope lines (L2).

Description

"FAT-MAKER AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SUGAR CANE CROP GROWING FIELD, AID IN THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SUGAR MECHANIZED HARVESTING PROCEDURE"

5th

APPLICATION FIELD

The present patent and subject matter described and claimed in this application is an inventive solution in the industry and trade of agricultural implement-type equipment, particularly in the alcohol-alcohol sector and specifically in aid implement. of sugarcane crop, finding specific application in harvesting procedure that provides for the use of mechanized harvester of this crop.

_ _ 15, DEMAND FOR INVENTION- —--- ■ -----'----— - ------ "

Taking as a parameter the industry and trade in inputs, industry and trade in agricultural implements, the applicant identified the need for a 'solution' with a maximum productivity when in operational condition, translated into the maximization form of the product. volume of sugar cane cut per working hour.

In particular, the need to optimize sugarcane harvesting capacity with the use of a mechanized harvester is focused on the economical feasibility of using this agricultural implement in small harvesting areas, making it feasible to cut sugarcane. with productivity below 60 tons / ha. Once this condition of operational excellence is obtained, the use of the sugarcane harvesting implement is feasible for all types of property and field, from large estates to small estates. There is also a demand from the perspective of

because in the sugarcane harvesting activity the increase of productivity of the mechanized harvester implement allows the miller to measure reduction in the operational cost, notably by the reduction of fuel consumption and larger amount of cut cane per machine hour, closing thus the equation higher volume of cane cut with less man / man used in the handling of the equipment.

In addition to the implement operator's point of view, the operator now perceives better remuneration, given that he receives his salaries for productivity, and therefore the higher volume of sugarcane cut per hectare in the shortest possible time, the higher will be your compensation

Finally, the possibility of economically viable use of the mechanized sugarcane harvester implement in both large and small plantations ensures the effective compliance with the environmental law that prohibits the practice of burning the plantation, thus eliminating the damage. environment resulting from this practice, as well as eliminating the manual service of sugarcane cutting, let us say in passing a highly unhealthy and inhuman activity.

PARADIGM OF THE INVENTION

Once the mill's economic needs are identified, as well as from the ecological and occupational health and safety perspective in the sugarcane harvesting activity, the inventor starts to provide technical and operational support for the mechanized harvester implement equipment. of sugarcane, identifying in the logic of planting in line formation the relevant factor that leads to a limiting bottleneck in the current perceived productivity for equipment of this nature.

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INVENTION REQUIREMENTS

In line with the demand and paradigm topics of the invention the applicant has devised an unprecedented "fat line forming agricultural implement in the field of sugar cane crop cultivation, assisting in the high performance mechanized sugar cane harvesting procedure provided with associated novelty of inventive activity, since it does not follow in obvious or obvious way from other solutions known in the state of the art, as it transforms two sugarcane planting lines into a single line and, consequently, with twice the accumulated volume, which It will later be easily cut and minced by the traditional conventional mechanical harvester implement, doubling its cutting capacity per hour of work, where in addition this new fatline forming implement is shipped with industrial applicability, meeting the rigorous patentability requirements, notably as invention as set out in the Articles 8 and 130 of Law 9,279.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUNDS

In order to provide veracity to the context explained in the introductory table, a brief explanation of the state of the art for planting strategies with the formation of rows of sugarcane plants arranged in parallel with each other, the conventional harvesting practice will be presented. contemporary harvesting techniques with the use of jio tipo equipment. mechanical-sugarcane harvesterfronde it will be possible for a technician skilled in the field to recognize its limiting aspects, for a later moment to discuss the added advantages of introducing Unprecedented implementation of a "linha" gondola-forming implement in a sugarcane field.

Sugar cane culture: it is a culture that is widespread in countries of Central and South America, and in contemporary times its production has been potentiated, because this crop has as its byproduct ethanol, which passed to be an important alternative as a fuel, notably as a biofuel.

Recent data show that in Brazil alone, about 7 million hectares of sugarcane are cultivated, with highlights in the regions of the states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Paraná and Goiás among others, such as the northeast region of the state. parents.

From the manual process of sugarcane harvesting: originally and for decades the sugarcane to be harvested goes through a burning procedure, which aims to eliminate the leaves of the sugarcane stem (Saccharum), facilitating the manual operation of cutting and its collection. This type of activity not only imposes a negative ecological bias, because the burning process generates emission of large volume of particulate and toxic material in the environment, it also imposes an extremely unhealthy sugarcane manual cutting condition, because the ope - rário, also popularly known as the "cold float", is exposed to the rigorous high temperatures in the open field, and there is still a high risk of accident by cutting his body with his own burnt cane as well as by manipulating the sickles, where it is Lacerations in the frontal region of the legs, height of the shins are very common. Within the scope of work safety,

Even the use of industrial protective equipment (PPE) is not effective, since it deals with frontal protection of the legs and feet that limits the movement of the worker, converging to a significant loss of productivity in sugarcane cutting. Finally, the repetitive movements performed by the arms of the _ 15 =. perary also brings the routine occurrence of sick leave due to repetitive motion sickness (RSI).

Environmental Law: At the same time and aiming at "tendér" a (the rigor of the determination of environmental legislation, which aims to preserve the conditions of environmental support, was defined in Brazil, with differences in terms between States of the Federation, that this practice of preliminary burning of sugarcane cultivation be eliminated, having the year 2014 as a limit for the whole national territory, and this way the harmful effects on health and heritage will no longer be felt. public and private in municipalities and surrounding areas where sugar cane cultivation is practiced.

Mechanization of the sugarcane harvesting process: this time, in compliance with the state environmental protection laws, farmers linked to the sugarcane sector began to harvest sugarcane using equipment or implements. especially developed for this purpose, which deserves attention the implement called mechanized sugar cane harvester, being a robust equipment, operated by a single worker, which is protected inside a control cabin, and which advances without any restriction on the already developed ready-to-harvest sugarcane lines, where by this versatility and penetration capacity in the plantation eliminates the need for burning sugarcane, because the worker no longer performs the activity of cutting manual way.

. Critical analysis of the mechanized process of

Sugarcane harvesting: Although this process is very effective for the sugarcane harvesting operation, practical observation reveals that the mechanized harvesters available in the market are able to harvest sugarcane with spacing of 1.50 meters between rows. makes it operationally possible to harvest only one row at a time.

Identification of the problem: Sugar-cane harvesters bring in their core an economic equation that imposes a harvest productivity of over 60 tons / ha, without which the activity no longer has the beneficial cost of direct harvesting. It has outlined its development, where this equation is defined by the parameter ~ by the fuel consumption required to harvest sugarcane per meter.

Considering current data from January 2011, the mechanized harvesters when put into the field produce an average of 450 tonnes per working day, with an average fuel consumption of 1 liter per tonne cut.

Given that oil commodities vary widely in their price quotation, the cost of fuel is further enhanced in the calculation of the operating cost of agricultural implements, where the farmer cannot be held hostage to an explosion in fuel prices just at the time. crop harvest.

Considering that the mechanized sugarcane harvester when passing through the sugarcane line, cuts the entire volume of existing plant in the line, from a technical point of view its cutting efficiency will be the same regardless of the volume mentioned. Therefore, the cost-benefit ratio of its use only applies in case of cutting large quantities of sugarcane cutting, leaving the small farmer of the benefits of using this high-tech equipment.

A second problem identified with the use of sugar cane harvesters is the side effect of soil compaction when moving it over the planting area, as it is very heavy equipment, which compromises soil aeration capacity, making more complex tillage operations necessary when planting the crop following the harvest.

PROPOSAL OF THE INVENTION

Given the above in the topic of fundamentals of the technique the applicant devised an unprecedented fat-line agricultural implement, whose practical result converges in the elimination of the previously listed restrictive aspects, since it guarantees to the sugarcane harvester equipment an excellence of productivity in plantations. large and small volume, translated by an increase of at least 40% in the daily production of sugarcane cutting. . - - - Of the objectives of the invention:

The. Making the use of sugarcane harvester-type agricultural implement equipment economically viable in _. cultivation areas ^ whose arrangement 'of plants is in line originally would allow a harvest with yields of less than 60 tonnes / ha; b. Minimize the impact of crop movement

sugarcane harvester equipment on the soil, notably for reducing soil compaction;

ç. Ensure the maintenance of healthy working conditions for field labor, not allowing any kind of exclusion as a result of technical and / or economic limitations on the use of equipment such as mechanized harvesters, and therefore respecting the provisions of environmental interest and occupational health and safety.

From the development paradigm: to make the objectives defined for the present invention feasible, the applicant elected as the north in the development of the unprecedented agricultural implement Iayout practiced in sugar cane plantations, with the formation of lines and streets between - then proceed to the following logical exercise of evolution in the harvesting condition: 1. Conventional harvesting condition: considering that one row of cane plant in the crop area results in a hypothetical yield of "X" tons of sugarcane chopped, chopped and transported to the sugarcane plant and also considering the technical aspect of

Since the rows are separated by a standard distance of 0.90 cm, that is, the width of the street formed between rows, the farmer to promote the harvesting of the entire area of sugar cane produced is mandatory. the passage of the mechanized harvester implement over the whole of this area, "Y" making a total distance traveled of "Z" chilo l meters.

With the above, the inventor defined the following parameters of approach of the new agricultural implement:

X: harvesting capacity (ton) / row;

Y: range in the area of cultivation and harvesting; ^ _ _ _ _ - - -Zi Total distance traveled (km) to harvest.

2. Optimum harvest condition: defined the parameters outlined above, the inventor set as a goal to double the yield

_. hypothetical activity of "X" tons of decayed sugar, chopped and transported to "2X", and halving the "1/2 Y" harvest area with the same volume of cane to be cut "and halve the distance traveled (Km)," 1/2 Z "by the mechanized harvester implement within the harvesting area.

3. Distinctive feature:

3.1 At Plantation: To make the hypothetical yield of "2X" tons of sugarcane harvested viable, the inventor used

procedure of preliminary transformation of two adjacent sugarcane lines into a single line, where it proceeds preliminarily to the following simultaneous operations in one line: cutting, tipping and compacting the cut sugarcane joining the adjacent uncut line, whose Practical result is a cane line with twice the volume of cane to be harvested, as it was called in this "fat line" cartouche.

3.2 In the equipment: the unprecedented "fat lines" agricultural implement is a small equipment, which is coupled to a small tractor, ensuring easy access to the defined roads between planting line, which is provided with least one cutting and accommodating device of the cut cane line next to the adjacent line, being easy to handle and low operating cost. By way of example the increase in yield

of mechanized sugar cane harvesters will be of the order of 40% increase in the daily harvesting production of each harvester, where in the state of São Paulo the mechanized harvesters produce in average 450 tons per day of work, with a consumption of 1 liter of fuel per ton cut, where with the adoption of this unprecedented fat-line implement this yield will increase to 850 to 900 ton./day, with a consumption of 0.6 liters of fuel per ton, as the mechanized harvester will cover almost half mileage originally demanded by the conventional method of conventional line cutting.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In addition to the present description for a better understanding of the features of the present application, attached hereto is a set of drawings, where by way of example, although not limiting, a preferred embodiment for the unprecedented agricultural implement forming sugarcane fatline where:

Figure 1 is a side view representation of the sugarcane fatline forming agricultural implement, properly coupled to a tractor, in operational condition;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the sugarcane fatline forming agricultural implement, properly coupled to a tractor, in operational condition;

Figure 3. is a side view representation of the sugarcane fatline forming agricultural implement, showing its component parts;

Figure 4 is a plan view of the sugarcane fatline forming agricultural implement showing its component parts;

Figure 5. is a representation in view

side of the cutting and beater system that integrates the agricultural implement forming sugarcane fat line;

Figure 6. is a representation in view of

plant of the cutting and beater system that integrates the agricultural implement forming sugarcane fat line;

Figure 7 is an illustrative representation of a sugarcane plantation with conventional distribution of sugarcane Iinnhas just prior to the action of the sugarcane fatline forming agricultural implement;

Figure 8 is an illustrative representation of a sugar cane plantation with conventional distribution of cane Iinnhas during the action of the cane fat-line agricultural implement.

of sugar; and _ _ .......... - —----------- ~ ~

Figure 9. is an illustrative representation of

a sugarcane plantation with conventional distribution of sugarcane lines, immediately after the action of the sugarcane fatline forming agricultural implement, evidencing the formation of the fatlines.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description is to be read and interpreted with reference to the drawings presented, representing a preferred embodiment of the sugarcane fat-line agricultural implement object of the patent application and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. invention, this is limited only to that set out in the claim framework.

The. From the constructive concept of the implement (A): as evidenced by figures 3, 4 and 5 respectively, it is composed by:

- a coupling arm (13) for providing coupling of the implement (A) to the traction vehicle (T), such as a tractor, see figures 1 and 2 respectively; - a support arm (11), pivotally connected to the coupling arm, by means of a pin, which has the function of ensuring the support of all collision, cutting and lateral accommodation devices of the cut cane;

- a lift cylinder (8): mounted

articulated on both the coupling arm (13) and the support arm (11), and its function is to provide lift adjustment of all collision, cutting and lateral accommodation of the cut cane;

- cutting device and beater: formed by a rotating shaft mounted inside the main column (5a), driven by

an electric motor (5), where at its lower end is mounted a cutting disc (1), to which is mounted on its lower surface a plurality of cutters (2), and on its upper surface a plurality of beating elements (3), as well as in its central lower part a floating element (4) is provided; ----- ------

----------------- device for separating and accommodating

line: formed by a front grille (9) in an angular position such that it facilitates angular penetration into the cane line (L1) which once cut by the cutting device is thrown to the bottom of the cane line (L1) adja - cente. As an extension of the front grille (9) there is provided an accommodation element (6) hingedly mounted to the hinged support (10) which is in turn attached adjacent to the main column (5a), which allows a better compaction of cut cane next to adjacent cane line (L1). In addition, to provide height adjustment to the line separation and accommodation device near the upper part of the accommodation element (6), a adjusting arm (12) is orthogonally mounted which in turn is fixed at its other end. next to the support arm (11);

- ground copying device: formed by a copying roller (7) which is mounted adjacent to the outer frame

of the axis of rotation (5a).

B. From the logic of obtaining the fat line: A pair of implements (A) is mounted on the front of a traction vehicle (T), and is positioned at the plantation entrance (PI), as shown in Figure 7, in such a way. that its geometric center is aligned with one of the streets formed between two adjacent conventional lines (L1), which penetrates this street in such a way that each implement unit (A) passes the line separating the plants towards the line ( 11) adjacent, by the action of the grid (9), and thereafter these previously displaced plants are cut and accommodated by the action of the cutting device and beater, whereupon by the action of the separating device and line accommodation, notably by the accommodation element (6), this cut plant is properly positioned at the bottom of the remaining adjacent line (L1), see figure 8, while simultaneously the ground copy roller (7) is active, where at the end of the procedure Then a plurality of fat lines (L2) are obtained as shown in Figure 9, which in turn are able to be harvested by the action of the mechanized sugarcane harvester implement.

The choice of the preferred embodiment of the invention object of claim in this detailed description of the invention is provided by way of example only. Changes, modifications and variations may be made for any other embodiment. implement (A) by those skilled in the art without, however, departing from the objective disclosed in the application of the present patent, which is exclusively

defined by the appended claims.

Check for what has been described and illustrated

that the "FAT-MAKER AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SUGAR CANE CROP GROWING FIELD, AID IN THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SUGAR MECHANIZED HARVESTING PROCEDURE" hereinafter complies with the patent law Industrial Property, deserving for what was exposed and as a consequence, the respective privilege.

Claims (2)

1. "FAT-MAKER AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SUGAR CANE CROP GROWING FIELD, AID IN THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SUGAR MECHANIZED HARVESTING PROCEDURE", where implement (A) is characterized as being composed of a coupling arm (13), which is connected to a traction vehicle (T) 1 where a support arm (11) is hingedly connected to this arm, and to these two arms is also mounted A lifting cylinder (8) is hinged, where a main column (5a) is fixed to the extreme front of this support arm (11), which is internally fitted with a rotating shaft connected to an electric motor (5). ), at its upper end as well as at its lower end is mounted a cutting disc (1), to which is attached to its lower surface a plurality of cutting knives (2), and on its upper surface a plurality of knocking elements (3), as well as in their lower part A central floating element is provided (4); At the front end of the implement (A), a front grille (9) is defined in an angular position, adjacent to its rear end is an accommodation element (6) hinged to a hinged support (10). which in turn is attached adjacent to the main column (5a), and a regulating arm (12) is defined whose ends are fixed to the upper part of the accommodation element (6) and to the supporting arm (11), further being defined a copying roller (7) mounted adjacent to the external structure of the rotation axis (5a); and 2. "FAT LINES IN SUGAR CANE CROP FIELD" where fat line formation (L2) is characterized βοτ being formed from a volume of the pre-cut cane of a line (L1) added at the bottom of a uncut line (L1) adjacent to the cut line (L1).