BG5106U1 - Three-component duplicated yarn made of natural cellulose, light-reflective and phosphorescent yarns - Google Patents

Abstract

The complex three-component duplicated yarn, which allows the creation of knitted structures with increased visibility, decorative effects, and comfort when worn, is used in the textile industry, in particular for the development of clothing (fashion and workwear, sports equipment), technical textiles (safety accessories, outdoor products), and home textiles (decorative and functional items). The three-component duplicated yarn of natural cellulose, light-reflective, and phosphorescent yarns, characterized in that the natural cellulose yarn (C), the light-reflective thread (R) and the phosphorescent thread (F) are arranged parallel to each other without additional twisting of the threads, forming a woven textile macrostructure. The natural cellulose fiber (C) can be made from cotton, flax, hemp, bamboo, and other natural fibers of cellulose origin, as well as a combination thereof.

Description

( 54) TRICOMPONENT DOUBLED THREAD OF NATURAL CELLULOSE, REFLECTIVE AND PHOSPHORESCENT THREAD

Technical field of the utility model

The complex three-component duplicated thread, allowing the creation of knitted structures with increased visibility, decorative effects and wearing comfort, finds application in the textile industry, in particular for the development of clothing (fashion and workwear, sports equipment), technical textiles (safety accessories, outdoor products) and home textiles (decorative and functional items).

Prior art

In the textile industry, there are different types of threads (yarns and silks) that combine different materials in order to achieve specific functional and aesthetic characteristics. In practice, the following are known:

• 100% natural cellulose component threads: These are widely used due to their natural properties such as softness, good breathability and comfort when worn. However, these threads do not have additional functions such as light reflectivity or phosphorescence.

• Reflective threads: They are mainly used in protective clothing and safety accessories. These threads contain reflective particles or special fibers that reflect light in dark conditions. However, their combination with natural cellulose threads is limited. Their use is mainly in woven structures because of their greater bending stiffness.

• Phosphorescent threads: These are designed to create glowing effects under UV light or in dark conditions. They are commonly used in decorative textiles and accessories, but are rarely combined with other functional threads in a complex structure.

• Combined threads: There are solutions on the market that combine synthetic and natural fibers, but the triple-duplicated threads offered here, which include both a natural cellulose component and reflective and phosphorescent components in the same complex thread, are not found.

Threads are known that combine reflective and fluorescent properties. Patent US 4623579 describes a decorative composite article that can be slit lengthwise to form a yarn product with a combined phosphorescent and fluorescent decorative effect. The article has a composite structure: two outer layers of thermoplastic resin, between which is a decorative layer. The decorative layer includes a composition with a phosphorescent and fluorescent colorant, as well as a resin binder - a mixture of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber and a polyurethane composition. The manufacturing process involves bonding by applying heat and pressure. The resulting composite can be slit lengthwise to various widths to obtain threads suitable for decorative and protective applications. Improved flexibility of the material is claimed, making it suitable for textile and decorative applications. A decorative effect is also achieved: the combination of phosphorescence and fluorescence. The disadvantages of the described composite product are reduced to the possibility of fading of fluorescent dyes when exposed to sunlight, the need to precisely control heat and pressure during lamination, the limitations on uniformity of the threads when "cutting" the composite material, the inability to create knitted structures due to the limited flexibility of the composite.

Also known is patent US 4546042, which relates to a decorative composite article with a combination of phosphorescent and reflective effects. The material can again be slit lengthwise to become a filamentary article. The composite structure consists of two main components: a phosphorescent film of thermoplastic resin with a phosphorescent colorant applied to the outer surface and a reflective film of thermoplastic resin with embedded reflective glass beads. The phosphorescent film is laminated to the reflective film by means of an adhesive layer that creates a strong bond between the components. The composite has good flexibility, which makes it suitable for textile and decorative applications. It provides a decorative effect thanks to the combination of phosphorescence with direct light reflection. The composite material can be slit in different widths to obtain filaments suitable for different decorative applications (textiles, accessories or protective clothing). Potential disadvantages are limited to the manufacturing process, as laminating two different materials may require specific technologies and quality control. Over time, the adhesive bond between the films may weaken, especially when the textile product is subjected to mechanical stress or washing. The flexibility of the resulting composite is also questionable, hence its applicability in knitted macrostructures.

Patent publication WO 2019029549 A1 is known to relate to a twisted yarn and a textile structure that includes this yarn. The technology combines different types of yarns to create a unique decorative and functional effect: a light-transmitting filament, a fluorescent yarn with a bright color when exposed to ultraviolet light, a light-reflecting yarn and a phosphorescent yarn. All yarns are twisted in a central alternate layer (central alternate lay), with the light-transmitting filter remaining partially exposed. The twisted yarn is integrated into a woven fabric that can be used in textiles for clothing, accessories, interior design, as well as in specialized products for security and sports.

Potential drawbacks are related to the complexity of the production process and maintenance: twisting four different types of threads requires precise equipment and creates challenges in mechanical loading, washing of the products and maintenance. Not without importance are the production costs when using such specialized starting materials. The complex thread is used in a woven macrostructure, for which the requirements for bending and comfort are much lower compared to a knitted macrostructure, which is why the created thread is not intended for knitting.

The disadvantages of existing solutions are reduced to:

• Lack of versatility. Most products offer either comfort (natural cellulose fiber), or safety (reflective fibers), or visual effect (phosphorescent fibers), but not all of these features at the same time.

• Limited possibilities for combining natural and specialized fibers. Existing fibers with combined functions are usually entirely synthetic, which reduces wearing comfort.

• Limited application in knitted structures of twisted yarns, as the available patents relate to woven macrostructures.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the present utility model is to create a complex duplicate thread without twisting, which combines comfort, safety and aesthetics in one product and reduces production costs.

The task is solved with a three-component duplicated thread, consisting of a natural cellulose thread, a reflective thread and a phosphorescent thread, arranged parallel to each other without additional twisting of the threads, forming a knitted textile macrostructure. The natural cellulose thread can be made of cotton, linen, hemp, bamboo and other natural fibers of cellulose origin, as well as a combination of them.

The three-component doubled thread without the presence of a twisted twist (technologically, doubling is always followed by a twisting process) is based on the following advantages of doubled yarn:

• First, when doubling without twisting, each component thread retains its original properties. The trade-off is that the strength of the triple thread is not increased (due to the lack of additional increase in frictional forces between the component threads during twisting), nor is the yarn twist balanced (due to the absence of twisting in the direction opposite to the yarn twist). However, due to the lack of twisting, the cotton thread retains its softness, breathability (air permeability) and moisture wicking ability, the reflective thread keeps its reflective surface intact and maximally effective, and the phosphorescent thread retains its optical properties, since there is no additional tension or bending from twisting.

•The absence of additional twisting and the resulting internal stresses allows the knitted macrostructure to be more flexible and softer. Twisting creates internal stresses in the yarns that can lead to faster wear or deformation over time. In duplication without twisting, these stresses are absent, which can extend the life of the textile product.

• Twisting also densifies and shortens the constituent yarns, potentially reducing air permeability and moisture transfer. When using a triple-ply yarn (without twisting), the knitted macrostructure remains lighter and more porous, which is a key factor for textiles with good thermophysiological comfort performance.

• Duplicating the three threads without twisting also has a design effect. It creates an interesting visual texture and design where each thread is clearly visible. This can be an advantage in fashion design and interior textiles, where unique visual effects are sought.

• Last but not least, the twisting-free duplication process shortens the production stage and saves energy and time, which lowers the cost of the complex thread.

Explanation of the attached figures

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a complex three-component duplicated thread of natural cellulose thread, reflective and phosphorescent threads.

Figure 2 is a photograph of the proposed complex three-component duplicated thread of natural cellulose thread, reflective and phosphorescent threads.

Figure 3 is a schematic of a knitted macrostructure of the proposed complex three-component duplicated yarn of natural cellulose (C), reflective (R) and phosphorescent yarns (F).

Figure 4 is a photograph of a knitted macrostructure of the proposed complex three-component duplicated thread of natural cellulose (C), reflective (R) and phosphorescent threads (F).

Examples of implementation and operation of the utility model

As shown in Figure 2, the complex thread contains three threads: a cellulose thread (in this case cotton), parallel to the two functional threads: a reflective thread and a phosphorescent thread.

Light coming from outside is processed by the complex filament, as:

• the reflective thread reflects light, so the complex thread is active in any lighting;

• the phosphorescent filament absorbs light and continues to emit it even after the illumination has ceased, so the complex filament is visible even in the absence of illumination.

The combination of these effects gives the complex thread and its knitted macrostructure high aesthetics, dynamics and visual variability.

The ratio, material and thickness of each thread can be adapted to suit your needs - to achieve a different visual effect or to facilitate production.

The textile macrostructure includes a knitted fabric of the above-described complex double-stranded yarn. Figure 3 shows a diagram, and Figure 4 is a photograph of a knitted macrostructure with the proposed complex three-component double-stranded yarn of cotton, reflective and phosphorescent yarns.

An exemplary embodiment of the utility model involves the creation of a knitted textile structure manufactured from a complex three-component duplicated thread composed of a cotton thread (C), a reflective thread (R) and a phosphorescent thread (F), as presented in Figure 1 and Figure 2. In the presented embodiment, the three threads are arranged parallel to each other, without additional twisting, which allows each thread to retain its original functional and visual properties:

• Cotton thread (C) provides softness, breathability and comfort when worn.

• The reflective thread (R) reflects light when illuminated, which increases visibility and safety for the user.

• The phosphorescent filament (F) absorbs light and emits a photonic glow even after the external light source is removed, thus providing additional visibility in the dark.

The created duplicate thread is used to make a knitted macrostructure, presented schematically in Figure 3 and photographically in Figure 4. In knitting, a structure is used that allows each of the constituent threads to be partially visible on the surface of the fabric, which enhances both the visual effect and the functional characteristics of the finished product.

When illuminated by an external source, the reflective thread (R) reflects the light back to the source, thus increasing the visibility of the textile product in low light or darkness. At the same time, the phosphorescent thread (F) begins to glow on its own, maintaining a long-lasting glowing effect after the light is removed, especially effective in complete darkness.

The knitted structure of this yarn is flexible, light and soft, due to the lack of twisting between the yarns. This improves the thermophysiological comfort of the final product, providing both ventilation and good moisture-wicking ability. The product can be successfully used both in fashion and sports textiles, as well as in protective clothing and accessories for outdoor activities.

In addition, each of the threads can be adapted in composition, thickness and arrangement to achieve different visual or functional effects without violating the basic concept of the utility model. This ensures its feasibility in a variety of production conditions and applications.

Application (use) of the utility model

The utility model finds application in the textile industry, in particular in the production of innovative threads and knitted structures for:

• Clothing - including fashion, casual and sportswear, which seeks a combination of comfort, unique look and functionality (visibility in low light);

• Work and protective clothing - where increased visibility and durability are essential, including for night work, street activities, construction and industrial conditions;

• Safety accessories - such as hats, gloves, scarves, backpacks and reflective elements for pedestrians, cyclists and children;

• Technical and functional textiles - for outdoor products, outdoor sports, tents, sleeping bags and other products requiring visibility and comfort;

• Home and interior textiles - decorative elements such as pillows, blankets, curtains or other products that seek visual variability, lighting effects and aesthetics;

• Fashion design and scenography - for creating spectacular textile surfaces with luminous or reflective properties, suitable for artistic or event applications.

The combination of cotton, reflective and phosphorescent thread allows for a wide range of applications, combining natural comfort, visual function and safety in one product.

Claims (2)

1. A three-component duplicated thread of natural cellulose, reflective and phosphorescent threads, characterized in that the natural cellulose thread (C), the reflective thread (R) and the phosphorescent thread (F) are arranged parallel to each other without additional twisting of the threads, forming a knitted textile macrostructure. 2. A three-component duplicated thread of natural cellulose, reflective and phosphorescent threads, according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural cellulose thread may be made of cotton, linen, hemp, bamboo and other natural fibers of cellulose origin, as well as a combination thereof.