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BE1006026A3 - Raccord pour tuyauterie en resine a base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'etancheite en caoutchouc thermoplastique. - Google Patents

Raccord pour tuyauterie en resine a base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'etancheite en caoutchouc thermoplastique. Download PDF

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Publication number
BE1006026A3
BE1006026A3 BE8800248A BE8800248A BE1006026A3 BE 1006026 A3 BE1006026 A3 BE 1006026A3 BE 8800248 A BE8800248 A BE 8800248A BE 8800248 A BE8800248 A BE 8800248A BE 1006026 A3 BE1006026 A3 BE 1006026A3
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
sealing ring
fitting
welding
fixed
vinyl chloride
Prior art date
Application number
BE8800248A
Other languages
English (en)
Original Assignee
Draka Polva Bv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Draka Polva Bv filed Critical Draka Polva Bv
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of BE1006026A3 publication Critical patent/BE1006026A3/fr

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/06Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics with sleeve or socket formed by or in the pipe end
    • F16L47/08Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics with sleeve or socket formed by or in the pipe end with sealing rings arranged between the outer surface of one pipe end and the inner surface of the sleeve or socket, the sealing rings being placed previously in the sleeve or socket
    • F16L47/10Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics with sleeve or socket formed by or in the pipe end with sealing rings arranged between the outer surface of one pipe end and the inner surface of the sleeve or socket, the sealing rings being placed previously in the sleeve or socket the sealing rings being maintained in place by additional means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12441Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5224Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52241Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612Making circumferential joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L17/00Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
    • F16L17/02Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket
    • F16L17/03Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket having annular axial lips
    • F16L17/032Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket having annular axial lips the sealing rings having only one lip
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672Spin welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/08PVDC, i.e. polyvinylidene chloride
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2031/00Use of polyvinylesters or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2031/04Polymers of vinyl acetate, e.g. PVAc, i.e. polyvinyl acetate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0085Copolymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0088Blends of polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/24Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped crosslinked or vulcanised
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0046Elastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/24Pipe joints or couplings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'anneau d'étanchéité qui est fixé dans le raccord par soudage est réalisé à partir d'un mélange partiellement vulcanisé d'un copolymère d'éthylène avec au moins un monomère copolymérisable et de 5 à 75% en poids du mélange, d'un cpolymère d'halogénure de vinyle ou de vinylidène.

Description


   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



   Raccord pour tuyauterie en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermoplastique DRAKA POLVA B. V. 



   La présente invention concerne un raccord pour tuyauterie en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermoplastique fixé en place par soudage dans le raccord. 



   Il a déjà été proposé de réaliser des raccords pour tuyauterie en matière plastique faisant appel à un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermoplastique fixé par soudage dans le raccord. 



   Ainsi, dans le brevet BE-A-861021 et dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2444864, on divulgue un raccord réalisé en polyoléfine qui est équipé d'un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc éthylène-propylène-diène-méthylène vulcanisé en soufre ou avec un corps donneur de soufre qui peut être fixé en place par soudage dans le raccord. 



   Toutefois, un anneau d'étanchéité réalisé en un tel matériau ne peut être valablement fixé par soudage dans un raccord de tuyauterie réalisé en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle du fait d'un manque de compatibilité. 



   Certes, dans le brevet BE-A-867993, on a proposé de réaliser des raccords de tuyauterie en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle équipé d'un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermoplastique obtenu à partir de compositions de polychlorure de vinyle plastifié contenant du caoutchouc nitrile et du polyuréthane qui est fixé par soudage, mais pour obtenir, dans ce cas, des produits satisfaisants, il faut soumettre l'un au moins des éléments de raccord à une irradiation par un rayonnement très pénétrant en vue de provoquer une réticulation. Dans cette technique, on doit, dès lors, utiliser des compositions à base de polychlorure de vinyle plastifié dans lesquelles la réaction de 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 réticulation voulue prédomine sur la dégradation induite par la réticulation.

   De toute façon, pour réaliser de tels raccords, il faut disposer d'une installation d'irradiation, prévoir une étape d'irradiation et prendre toutes les précautions qui s'imposent dans des opérations d'irradiation. 



   Il a maintenant été trouvé qu'il est possible dans des installations de production conventionnelles, de produire des raccords pour tuyauterie en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermoplastique qui peut être fixé en place dans les raccords par soudage et ce, sans devoir procéder à un quelconque traitement d'irradiation. 



   L'invention concerne dès lors un raccord pour tuyauterie en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermoplastique fixé par soudage dans le raccord dans lequel l'anneau d'étanchéité est réalisé à partir d'un mélange partiellement vulcanisé d'un copolymère d'éthylène avec au moins un comonomère copolymérisable et de 5 à 75 %, de préférence 20 à 60   %,   en poids du mélange d'un polymère d'halogénure de vinyle ou de vinylidène. 



   Par résine à base de chlorure de vinyle, on entend désigner les homopolymères du chlorure de vinyle ainsi que les copolymères contenant au moins 50   %   molaires d'unités dérivées du chlorure de vinyle. 



   Parmi les comonomères qui peuvent être copolymérisés avec l'éthylène, on préfère généralement les monomères éthyléniquement insaturés tels que les acides mono-ou dicarboxyliques et leurs esters dérivés, les esters vinyliques, les monomères acryliques ou méthacryliques, l'oxyde de carbone et le dioxyde de soufre. 



   Le polymère d'halogénure de vinyle ou de vinylidène peut être un homopolymère ou un copolymère contenant notamment des unités dérivées d'esters vinyliques, du nitrile acrylique, d'esters acryliques, du chlorure de vinyle ou de vinylidène, d'acides carboxyliques insaturés ou d'éthers vinyliques, le polymère préféré étant le polychlorure de vinyle. 



   Des mélanges convenant particulièrement pour réaliser 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 3> 

 l'anneau d'étanchéité ainsi que leur mode de fabrication sont décrits dans le document EP-A-0101833 dont le contenu est dès lors incorporé par référence dans la description. 



   Les mélanges pour réaliser l'anneau d'étanchéité du raccord selon l'invention sont particulièrement vulcanisés, de préférence jusqu'à une teneur en gel de 10 à   70/', mesurée   par dissolution dans du tétrahydrofurane ainsi qu'il est décrit dans le document EP-A-0101833 précité. 



   Ces mélanges peuvent également contenir des additifs usuels tels que des matières de charge, des lubrifiants, des stabilisants et/ou des plastifiants. 



   Des mélanges qui conviennent particulièrement pour réaliser l'anneau d'étanchéité du raccord selon l'invention sont produits et vendus par la firme E. I. du PONT de NEMOURS sous la marque commerciale"ALCRYN". Ces mélanges restent thermiquement stables jusqu'à au moins   200 C,   peuvent être aisément moulés par injection ou par compression sur des installations classiques et ne requièrent aucune opération de vulcanisation lors de leur moulage. 



   Selon une première variante de réalisation du raccord pour tuyauterie conforme à l'invention, l'anneau d'étanchéité et le raccord en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle peuvent être moulés séparément par des techniques usuelles telles que le moulage par compression, le moulage par injection ou le thermoformage, le moulage de l'anneau d'étanchéité étant réalisé à une température comprise entre 140 et   190 C.   Dans ce cas, l'anneau d'étanchéité préalablement moulé est ensuite introduit dans le raccord et fixé en place par soudage par une technique conventonnelle telle que le soudage au miroir chauffant, le soudage par ultrasons, le soudage par résistance électrique, le soudage par frottement, le soudage haute fréquence ou encore le soudage par vibrations.

   L'anneau d'étanchéité peut être évidemment conformé de   façon telle que sa fixation   soit réalisée sur une face interne et/ou externe du raccord. Une fixation sur la face externe du raccord peut par ailleurs se révéler utile lorsqu'on 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 4> 

 désire protéger l'extrémité du raccord contre des chocs. Lorsque la fixation est réalisée par la technique de soudage au miroir chauffant, on utilise généralement une température de miroir de 
 EMI4.1 
 200 à 240 C, une pression de soudage de 0, 1 à 0, 3 N/mm2 et un temps de soudage de 15 à 60 secondes. 



   Selon une autre variante de réalisation du raccord pour tuyauterie qui se révèle plus économique, le raccord et l'anneau d'étanchéité peuvent être moulés simultanément par la technique de coinjection ainsi qu'il est notamment décrit dans les documents   BE-A-838058,   BE-A-853292, EP-A-0031620,   EP-A-0188012,   EP-A-0188300 et EP-A-0188301. Dans ce cas, la température d'injection du matériau constituant l'anneau d'étanchéité est choisie de façon à assurer la fixation directe par soudage de l'anneau d'étanchéité moulé dans le raccord. 



   Selon une troisième variante, l'anneau d'étanchéité équipé d'un anneau rigide de retenue en matière plastique, de préférence en polychlorure de vinyle, fixé par soudage peut être produit séparément par exemple par la technique de coinjection et cet ensemble est ensuite inséré et fixé par soudage via l'anneau de retenue dans le raccord moulé. Une technique de ce type est décrite dans le document GB-A-2144190. 



   Dans le raccord conforme à l'invention, il est encore possible, si on le désire, de mouler un anneau d'étanchéité renforcé par un insert interne métallique ou autre. Cet insert peut en particulier être une résistance électrique dans le cas où l'on envisage une fixation ultérieure par soudage électrique. 



   Le raccord pour tuyauterie conforme à l'invention peut être soit un raccord d'emboîtement bout à bout de n'importe quel type ou encore un raccord de dérivation tel que décrit dans le document BE-A-833318. 



   Le raccord pour tuyauterie selon l'invention est illustré par les figures des dessins annexés dans lesquelles les figures 1 à 3 montrent en vue partielle des variantes de   réalisation   possible de raccords à emboîtement et la figure 4 une vue d'un raccord de dérivation. Dans ces figures, l'anneau d'étanchéité 1 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 5> 

 en caoutchouc thermoplastique selon l'invention est fixé par une soudure 2 sur les parois interne et/ou externe du raccord 3 moulé en polychlorure de vinyle rigide. 



   Le raccord pour tuyauterie conforme à l'invention est encore illustré par la description qui va suivre d'un exemple de réalisation pratique d'un raccord du type illustré par la fig. 2. 



  Exemple
On réalise par moulage par transfert un anneau d'étanchéité de profil montré à la fig. 2 en utilisant comme matériau des granules de résine ALCRYN, de dureté 70 Shore A. 



   A cet effet, le matériau en quantité dosée est placé dans la matrice maintenue à   1800C   et après un temps de chauffage de 10 minutes, on effectue le moulage par pression. Après refroidissement de la matrice à la température ambiante, on extrait l'anneau d'étanchéité moulé. 



   L'anneau d'étanchéité ainsi obtenu est ensuite fixé sur l'extrémité du raccord en polychlorure de vinyle, prémoulé par thermoformage, par la technique de soudage au miroir chauffant. A cet effet, le miroir est maintenu à   220 C,   la pression de soudage appliquée est de 0,2   N/mm2   et le temps de soudage est de 30 secondes. 



   Après refroidissement, on constate que l'anneau d'étanchéité est parfaitement soudé sur le raccord et que cet anneau se déchire lorsqu'on tente de l'arracher du raccord et ce sans que la soudure cède.

Claims (9)

  1. REVENDICATIONS 1-Raccord pour tuyauterie en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'étanchéité en caoutchouc thermo plastique réalisé à partir d'un mélange partiellement vulcanisé d'un copolymère d'éthylène avec au moins un monomère copolymérisable et de 5 à 75 X, en poids du mélange, d'un polymère d'halogénure de vinyle ou de vinylidène, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé dans le raccord par soudage.
  2. 2-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par soudage par la technique du miroir chauffant.
  3. 3-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par soudage aux ultrasons.
  4. 4-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par soudage par friction.
  5. 5-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par soudage électrique.
  6. 6-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par soudage haute fréquence. EMI6.1
  7. 7-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est réalisé et fixé par coinjection.
  8. 8-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par soudage sur un anneau de fixation en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle qui est ensuite rendu solidaire du raccord.
  9. 9-Raccord selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'anneau d'étanchéité est fixé par coinjection sur un anneau de fixation en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle qui est ensuite rendu solidaire du raccord.
BE8800248A 1987-03-09 1988-03-03 Raccord pour tuyauterie en resine a base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'etancheite en caoutchouc thermoplastique. BE1006026A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703298A FR2612118B1 (fr) 1987-03-09 1987-03-09 Raccord pour tuyauterie en resine a base de chlorure de vinyle comprenant un anneau d'etancheite en caoutchouc thermoplastique

Publications (1)

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BE1006026A3 true BE1006026A3 (fr) 1994-04-26

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Country Status (8)

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AT (1) AT397992B (fr)
BE (1) BE1006026A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3807593C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2006103A6 (fr)
FR (1) FR2612118B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2203689B (fr)
NL (1) NL194642C (fr)
PT (1) PT86914B (fr)

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GB2286148B (en) * 1994-02-02 1997-10-01 Glynwed Plastics Securing elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
GB2431135B (en) * 2005-10-11 2008-06-18 Uponor Innovation Ab Bonding thermoplastic and elastomeric members
DE102008059243A1 (de) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Newfrey Llc, Newark Fügebauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fügebauteils
IT1393549B1 (it) * 2009-04-03 2012-04-27 Coes S P A Giunzione per il collegamento a tenuta idraulica di tubi o raccordi, particolarmente in polipropilene, per impianti idraulici a bassa pressione.

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FR2299143A1 (fr) * 1975-01-31 1976-08-27 Hepworth Iron Co Ltd Perfectionnements relatifs a la fabrication de raccords de tuyauteries
FR2396233A1 (fr) * 1977-07-01 1979-01-26 Everitube Emboitement de canalisation
FR2444864A1 (fr) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-18 Everitube Element de tuyauterie comprenant un emboitement et une garniture d'etancheite, et procede de fabrication
EP0017300A1 (fr) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-15 Wavin B.V. Elément d'étanchéité pour un raccord de tuyau
EP0101833A2 (fr) * 1982-07-01 1984-03-07 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions élastomères thermoplastiques, à base de mélanges compatibles d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'un halogénure de polymère de vinyle ou de vinylidène
EP0189222A1 (fr) * 1985-01-14 1986-07-30 Wavin B.V. Bague d'étanchéité pour un raccord de tuyaux

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FR2405122A2 (fr) * 1976-11-22 1979-05-04 Pont A Mousson Element de tuyauterie constitutif d'un joint et dispositif pour sa fabrication
GB1572100A (en) * 1977-06-10 1980-07-23 Hepworth Iron Co Ltd Plastics pipe couplings
NL7808427A (nl) * 1977-08-17 1979-02-20 Johns Manville Mofeinde van een mofverbinding, en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen hiervan.
US4258935A (en) * 1977-08-17 1981-03-31 Johns-Manville Corporation Bell end of a bell and spigot joint
NL7909294A (nl) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-16 Wavin Bv Werkwijze voor het verenigen van een fixatiedeel en een afdichtlichaam voor een buisverbinding.
GB2144190B (en) * 1983-06-03 1986-07-09 Hepworth Iron Co Ltd Coupling pipes
EP0188301B1 (fr) * 1985-01-14 1988-07-13 Wavin B.V. Procédé pour fabriquer un corps d'étanchéité, notamment pour une jonction de tuyau, et moule pour fabriquer un corps d'étanchéité
DE3583389D1 (de) * 1985-01-14 1991-08-08 Wavin Bv Kunststoffrohrkoerper aus thermoplastischem material verbunden mit einem dichtungselement aus thermoplastischem elastomer und rohrteil oder -verbindung, verbunden mit solch einem kunststoffrohrkoerper.
NL8500073A (nl) * 1985-01-14 1986-08-01 Wavin Bv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een afdichtlichaam in het bijzonder voor een buisverbinding en een volgens deze werkwijze vervaardigd afdichtlichaam.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2299143A1 (fr) * 1975-01-31 1976-08-27 Hepworth Iron Co Ltd Perfectionnements relatifs a la fabrication de raccords de tuyauteries
FR2396233A1 (fr) * 1977-07-01 1979-01-26 Everitube Emboitement de canalisation
FR2444864A1 (fr) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-18 Everitube Element de tuyauterie comprenant un emboitement et une garniture d'etancheite, et procede de fabrication
EP0017300A1 (fr) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-15 Wavin B.V. Elément d'étanchéité pour un raccord de tuyau
EP0101833A2 (fr) * 1982-07-01 1984-03-07 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions élastomères thermoplastiques, à base de mélanges compatibles d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'un halogénure de polymère de vinyle ou de vinylidène
EP0189222A1 (fr) * 1985-01-14 1986-07-30 Wavin B.V. Bague d'étanchéité pour un raccord de tuyaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2203689A (en) 1988-10-26
PT86914A (pt) 1989-03-30
NL8800562A (nl) 1988-10-03
GB2203689B (en) 1990-10-31
DE3807593A1 (de) 1988-09-22
NL194642C (nl) 2002-10-04
DE3807593C2 (de) 1997-07-10
FR2612118A1 (fr) 1988-09-16
GB8805475D0 (en) 1988-04-07
ATA61088A (de) 1993-12-15
ES2006103A6 (es) 1989-04-01
FR2612118B1 (fr) 1989-06-16
AT397992B (de) 1994-08-25
NL194642B (nl) 2002-06-03
PT86914B (pt) 1995-03-31

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