AU2008100069B4 - Container Assembly for Wine Maturation - Google Patents

Description

2008 01/25 10:21 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MORCOM PERNAT Q007/026 1

AUSTRALIA

PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION INNOVATION PATENT "Container Assembly for Wine Maturation" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me: COMS ID No: ARCS-176730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:22 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MOOMPRAij08/2 MORCON PERNAT Q008/026 00 2 Container Assemhly for Wine Maturation Field of the Invention o The invention relates to a container assembly. It relates particularly but not O exclusively to a container assembly for maturing wine which includes means for 00 facilitating handling by a forklift truck.

01 Background of the Invention International application, now published as WO 2005/052114 Al (herein incorporated by reference) describes a container assembly for controlling the rate of oxygen transfer from the atmosphere into a liquid stored in the container comprisinga container with an oxygen permeability of 50m1 to 300m1 of oxygen per square metre of area of wall, for each 1mm of thickness of said wall, per 24 hour period at room temperature, a floating barrier member for providing a permeale barrier to limit oxygen access from the head space in the container to the surface of the liquid.

Whilst the container assembly described in that application is effective for certain requirements, there is a range of additional desiderata which may be met by developing the basic concept of the original invention fur-ther. These include: increasing the maximumn volume, whilst maintainig the correct relationship between surface area of the container and the volume within it, and supporting the polyethylene container, so that its shape is maintained.

Other desirable aspects may include: elevating the container off the ground, allowing all of the contents to be fully drained through the floor, and allowing the assembly to be lifted and tipped to empty solids components of the contents, by means of a forklift with a rotating head, COMS ID No: ARCS-i 76730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 o00

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O safely stacking the filled vessels vertically, removing the requirement for a floating barrier member when the vessel is filled, providing a convenient means to add and remove oak wood.

Accordingly the following is a description of an invention which facilitates one or Nmore of these improvements.

0 Disclosure of the Invention The invention provides a container assembly for maturing wine comprising, a rigid container having a body of moulded plastics material, a frame for supporting and bracing the container, an inlet for facilitating filling of the container, and an outlet for draining the wine from the container proximate a bottom wall of the container, wherein the container walls have an oxygen permeability which is suitable for carrying out the controlled maturation of wine in the container and the frame is constructed in such a fashion as to facilitate stacking of the container assembly atop another container assembly of similar construction.

The frame for supporting the container may brace at least one of the walls of the container against bulging, There may be an access opening beneath the frame for allowing entry of the tynes of a forklift, There may also be an outlet for draining liquid from the container arranged near a bottom wall of the body.

The outlet may comprise a tap or valve. It may be provided at a bottom wall of the container. The bottom wall of the container may slope downwardly towards the outlet to allow substantially all liquid in the container to drain through the outlet when it is opened.

00 O The outlet may be located in a recess of a side wall of the container. The recess may be joined to the side wall by radiused portions which have a radius larger than the Sdepth of the recess. The bottom wall may have a dip at the join with the recess.

A barrier member may be provided in association with the container contents. The barrier member may be arranged to float on the surface of liquid in the body of the

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container or liquid in the neck of the container. The barrier member may have a peripheral portion which is in sliding contact with the walls of the container so as to 00 separate the liquid surface from the container headspace or neck headspace.

t"-o The barrier member may comprise a core of low density material overwrapped and sealed within a plastic film. The plastic film may extend beyond the low density material to form a flexible lip which may abut the sides of the body of the container or the neck to reduce contact with gas in the headspace.

The low density material may comprise a rigid or flexible plastic foam.

The film covering the upper surface of the low density material may be provided with a sealable vent to reduce gas pressure bulging of film with respect to the plastic foam.

The container may comprise a rigid plastics material which allows oxygen to permeate the walls directly from the atmosphere into the liquid in contact with the walls, the rigid plastics material having a permeability measured at a rate of 13mg to of atmospheric oxygen per square metre as measured for a 1mm thickness during a 24 hour period at room temperature.

Preferred aspects of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 shows an isometric view with partially exploded elements of a container assembly according to the invention; 2008 01/25 10:23 FAX ±61 3 9543 2711 MOCMPRAIj01/2 MORCOM PERNAT [a 011/026 00 c-I Figure l a shows an enlarged view of a circled portion of Figure 1; Figure lb shows an enlarged view of another circled portion of Figure 1; Figure 2 shows an isometric view of an alternative container assembly C-I according to the invention; Figure 2a shows an enlarged view of a circled section of Figure 2; Figure 2b, shows an enlarged view of a circled section of Figure, 2; o Figure 3 shows a cross-section taken through the container of Figure 2; o Figure 4 shows an isometric view of a floating element; and 00 Figure 5 shows the cross-section Z-Z taken through the floating element of 0 Figure 4.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments The various elements identified by numerals in the drawings are listed in the following integer list.

Integer List 1 Container 2 Frame 3 Loop 4 Base valve Oak staves 6 Removable cross member 7 Neck 8 Seal ring 9 Screw lid Rubber hung 11 Variable capacity insert blocking surface 12 Second cylinder 13 Step 14 Locking link Hole COMS ID No: ARCS-i 76730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:23 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MORCOM PERNAT [a012/026 00 6 0 0 21 PE container 22 External frame 23 Neck 24 Screw lid 25 Screw plug 26 Floating element o 27 Roof 28 Tag 29 Valve 0 31 Foamed core Ci 32 Polyurethane film 33 Wine 34 Peripheral flange Wall 37 Hole Hole 41 Recess 42 Valve 43 Radius 44 Sheet metal base Removable cross member 46 Bottom ring 47 Pillar 48 Openings 49 Dip Opening One embodiment of the apparatus of our invention is illustrated in Figures 1, la and lb, herein. This shown as an optionally thermally insulated polyethylene container of a non-round, preferably flat-sided shape with an opening in the top defined by a round neck forming part of the tank, which has an internal (or external) screw thread incorporated within it.

COMS ID No: ARCS-176730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:23 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MRO ENTlj1/2 MORCOM PERNAT 013/026 007 0 This inner container is then fitted within a metal or plastic composite external fr-ame which, by being in close contact with the walls and engaging on a step in the container wall supports the weight of the contents and prevents the hydrostatic In pressure from excessively bulging the flat side walls of the inner container.

The upper wall of the inner container slopes upwardly towards the neck to allow No air to flow out of the body of the container through the neck as it is filled.

00 The vertical pillars of the fr-ame of this embodiment are open at both the top and the 0 bottom. A removable top cross member 6 allows the container to be fitted into the rigid frame and is used to restrain each pair of opposed vertical members against the bulge of the vessel under hydrostatic load. This cross member is optionally fitted with upwards projection which can fit into vertical members of another identical vessel stacked on it. By this means the composite vessels can be safely stacked one on the other.

To render the lower vessels more stable, when upper vessels are to be stacked upon them, a side locking link (14) is fitted to two of the adjacent opposite uprights. A hole (15) is drilled in the other end of each link. A second identical tank is to be positioned closely beside the first. subsequently the link of one vertical member is bolted to the vertical member of the next fr-ame.

The rigid frame is optionally fitted with restraining loops or additional cross members that will engage with and trap the tines of a forklift truck. By this means the tank can be picked up and moved safely. If the forklift truck is fitted with a rotating head, the vessel may also be tipped in a manner similar to a "Jerry Can"' so that the contents within can be freely discharged through the open neck This enables any solids component in the stored liquid to be easily discharged. Such solid components arise, for example, when red wine is fermented in the vessels and may comprise the skins of the grape and/or the settled yeast lees.

In this embodiment a screw lid can be screwed into the neck and sealed by means of an additional seal ring preferably made of compliant material. The lid COMS ID No: ARCS-i 76730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:24 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MOCMPNAIj01/2 MORCOM PERNAT [it 014/026 00 8 c-i is also fitted with a vent in the form of a second cylinder (12) optionally also fitted with an internal or external screw thread.

c-i The tank can be filled into the second small cylinder (12) which can then be sealed by means of a silicone or rubber hung a vented rubber bung (to allow gas to escape from the contents) or a vented or non-vented screw closure or openable valve or VaO o especially a one way valve.

Anotoa0aevle()i itdtrug h otmwl omn h aeo h 0 tank so as to enable bottom filling or discharge of the tank contents without disturbing sediment that may have settled to the bottom the tank. The bottom wall may slope downwardly to the base valve to facilitate drainage. Where the liquid in the container is wine the walls of the container neck cylinder and screw lid (9) are made from polyethylene preferably with an oxygen permeability in the range between 50 to 300m1 of oxygen per sqm of tank surface per 24hr per atmn for each 1mm of tank wall thickness at typical storage temperatures of 20-25'C.

The ratio of contained volume to surface area of said container preferably falls within the range 5 to 30 litres per square metre of surface for each 1mmn of thickness, to ensure that an adequate rate of permeation of oxygen is maintained for maturation of wine. Different ratios may apply where other liquids are being matured.

In this embodiment, a pre-assembled pack of oak wood staves of the desired number, variety and degree of toast is lowered into wine within the tank. That may be fitted with a cord which has a float at the loose end, so that the pack can be retrieved after it has become spent, ie. has given up most of its oak flavour and has become soaked through with liquid, usually sinking.

Should it be desired to partially fill the vessel, a flexible floating element, as described in WO 2005/052114 Al shaped to match the internal shape of the vessel, can be introduced through the open neck This element will block most of the free surface area of the contained liquid. At any level of fl within the main body of the vessel, the use of this element enables the stored liquid to see approximately the same COMS ID No: ARCS-i 76730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 200"-1-25 2008 01/25 10:24 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MOCMPRAIj01/2 MORCOM PERNAT 191015/026 00 9 0 amount of oxygen per litre though that part of the walls in contact with the liquid, as well as that area in contact with the floating element. One form of such an element is shown in Figures 4 and Referring to Figures 2, 2a, 2b and 3 to 5, there is shown a container assembly according to the invention which comprises an optionally thermally insulated o polyethylene container (21) of a flat-sided shape with an opening in the top defined o by a neck (23) in the form of a cylinder extending firomn a top wail of the container.

00 The neck has an internal (or external) screw thread, 0 Ci This container is then fitted within a metal external frame (22) which includes a substantially flat sheet metal base The cage supports the weight of the contents and is made up of interlocked vertical and horizontal steel tubes. By being in close contact with the walls of the inner container, the cage prevents the hydrostatic pressure from excessively bulging the flat side walls of that inner container.

The vertical pillars of the cage of this embodiment are closed at both the top and the bottom. Removable top cross members (45) allow access for the container (21) to be fitted into the rigid frame (22) and are used to restrain each pair of opposed vertical members against the bulge of the vessel under hydrostatic load, as well as to retain the inner container when the tank is tipped.

The sheet metal base (44) is sized and shaped to nest into the top ring of the cage on a lower container assembly when stacked on it. By this means the container assemblies can be retained sidewise and thus safely stacked one on the other.

The rigid fr-ame (22) extends downwardly past the sheet metal base (44) and is closed with a bottom ring (46) spaced from the base (44) by the Pillars That provides access for the tines of a forklift truck through opening By this means the tank can be picked up and moved. If the forklift truck is fitted with a rotating head, the vessel may also be tipped upside down to discharge through the neck This enables any solids component in the stored liquid to be easily discharged. Such solid COMS ID No: ARCS-i 76730 Received by IP Australia: Time (1-tm) 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:25 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MRO ENTiJ1/2 MORCOM PERNAT [A 016/026 00 components arise, for example, when red wine is fermented in the vessels and may comprise the skins of the grape and/or the settled yeast lees.

In this embodiment, a screw lid (24) can be screwed into the neck (23) and sealed by means of an additional seal ring (not shown), preferably made of compliant material.

The lid is also fitted with a screw threaded centre opening The opening is VaO o optionally closed with a screw plug (25) or fitted with other fittings such as a riser o tube with a cap (not shown), a check valve for the venting off of ferment gas, or a 00 hose tail (not shown), to which may be attached the delivery side of a pump that has the suction side attached to an optional base valve enabling the pumping over the liquid contents.

The container (21) and neck (23) are to be made from polyethylene (such as rotationally moulded polyethylene) with an oxygen permeability in the range between 50 to 300m1 of oxygen per sqm of tank surface per 24kr per atm per 1mm of tank wall thickness at typical storage temperatures 20-25*C. When the thickness of the tank wall is doubled, it is to be noted that the rate of oxygen transmission per unit of surface area is halved.

The ratio of contained volume to surface area of said container is to fal within the range 5 to 30 litres per square metre of surface for each 1mm of thickness, to ensure that an adequate rate of permeation of oxygen is maintained for maturation of wine.

Different rates may apply where other liquids are being matured.

Unless a riser tube and cap is added to the screw lid (24) and the wine filled into it, a vessel of this relatively small volume, if filled up into the neck, has a relatively high exposed surface area of wine for the volume. Thus it will be desirable to fit the flexible floating element (26) which acts as a baffler member as described in WO 2005/052114 Al sized to match the internal size of the neck (23).

The floating element (26) has a foamed plastic core (31) which floats on top of the wine in the neck of the container. The foamed plastic core (3 1) is overwrapped with a polyurethane film overwrap (32) which comprises two separate layers covering the COMS ID No: ARCS-i 76730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:25 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MRO ENTfj1/2 MORCOM PERNAT R017/026 0 top and bottom of the foamed plastic core. These two separate layers are laminated together at their edges to form the peripheral flange The peripheral flange provides a slidable seal with the wall (35) of the neck so as to substantially reduce the (N rate of oxygen transfer from the head space of the neck through the surface of the wine and hence limits the growth of undesirable aerobic bacteria-.

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o The floating element is provide with three tags (28) distributed around its upper o surface, each of the tags being formed with a hole or ioop The tags assist with 00 allowing the barrier member to be correctly located in the neck in contact with the olo wine (33) initially and to be removed alter the container has been emptied.

To reduce oxygen entry it is possible to add carbon dioxide (GO 2 gas to the head space above the floating element. That renders the partial pressure of C0 2 near to I atmosphere in the head space of the tank, far higher than in air (less than 0.05 atm).

Over time this CO 2 gas, which diffuses through polymeric material about 4 to 8 times faster than oxygen and about 12 to 20 timies faster than Nitrogen permeates into and can inflate the floating element causing it to bulge at the centre and thus to lift off the wine surface round the edges.

This can come about because C02 permeates through and enters the interior of the insert at a far higher rate than the rate at which the initial oxygen and nitrogen within the sealed element can leave. Hence the total pressure mn the interior of the element rises and cause it to become inflated. The addition of a valve (29) is thus desirable for the correct long term finctioning of these floating elements.

In use, the valve is left open after the floating element is inserted, so that the internal and external pressure remains balanced and the element prevented from inflating.

The valve needs to be re-eloseable so that the element can be closed up for washing off after use without wash water entering the interior. The valve also usually needs to be closed during insertion of the element into a tank, to prevent any wine that may be "scooped" up onto the top of the element from entering the interior of that element where it will spoil.

COMS ID No: ARCS-176730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:25 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MRCMPNA MORCOM PERNAT IRj018/026 00 12 ri Where the barrier element is to be fitted in the body of the container rather than the neck, it is noted that the element comprising the foamed plastic core and polyurethane film overlap may suitably be formed of flexible materials in order to allow it to be ci folded so that it may be inserted through the neck of the container during initial setup and to be removed through the neck when the container is emptied.

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o In this embodiment, there are certain important geometric features that are desirable o to enable the tank to function correctly for wine storage use. The upper wall forming 00 the roof (27) of the tank (21) rises from its outer edges towards the manhole neck (23) so that as the tank is filled, substantially all of the head space air above the wine can Ci be discharged through the neck.

To ensure that the contents of the tank can be substantially fully discharged, a farther geometric preferment is that the radius (43) between the side walls and the recess is to be larger than the depth of the recess (41) in which the valve (42) is mounted.

Furthermore, a dip (49) is formed in the bottom wall adjoining the recess. In this embodiment, the valve (42) is attached to the flat face of the recess (41) by roundhead coach bolts encapsulated into the polyethylene (not shown). These are directed through three or more holes (40) in the valve flange and clamped by nuts (also not shown).

Oak-wood staves of the desired number, variety and degree of toast can be lowered into wine within the tank. That may be fitted with a cord which has a float at the loose end, so that the pack can be retrieved after it has become spent, ie. has given up most of its oak flavour and has become soaked through with liquid usually sinking.

The container of this invention can optionally be used to mature a wide range of different wines, spirits or other liquid foods, such as "Tabasco" or other foods or nonfoods that may benefit from exposure over time to a controlled amount of oxygen.

Whilst the above description includes the preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that many variations, alterations, modifications and/or additions may be introduced into the constructions and arrangements of parts previously COMS ID No: ARCS-17673o Received by IP Australia: Time (I-tm) 10:34 Date 2008-01-25 2008 01/25 10:26 FAX +61 3 9543 2711 MORCOM PERNAT U019/026 00 13 0 described without departing from the essential features or the spirit or ambit of the Sinvention.

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It will be also understood that where the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", are used in this specification, unless the context requires otherwise such use is intended to imply the inclusion of a stated feature or o features but is not to be taken as excluding the presence of other feature or features.

00 The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that such prior art forms part of the ci common general knowledge in Australia.

COMS ID No: ARCS-176730 Received by IP Australia: Time 10:34 Date 2008-01-25

Claims (5)

1. A container assembly for maturing wine comprising, a rigid container having a body of moulded plastics material, a frame for supporting and bracing the container, \an inlet for facilitating filling of the container, and Nan outlet for draining the wine from the container proximate a bottom wall of the container, 00 wherein the container walls have an oxygen permeability which is suitable for carrying out the controlled maturation of wine in the container and the frame is constructed in such a fashion as to facilitate stacking of the container assembly atop another container assembly of similar construction.

2. A container assembly according to claim 1 wherein the container assembly is constructed in such a way as to allow access to the tynes of a forklift to allow the container assembly to be moved thereby.

3. A container assembly according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the container walls comprise polyethylene.

4. A container assembly according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the top of the frame of a first container assembly is adapted to support the base of the frame of a second container assembly stacked atop the first.

5. A container assembly according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the container inlet comprises a neck with a mouth, the neck being located on and supported by an upper wall of the body and the upper wall is shaped so as to allow substantially all air to flow out of the body through the neck when the container is filled to the level of the bottom of the neck. Dated this 18th day of March 2008 Wychwood Estates Pty Ltd by their patent attorneys Morcom Pernat