AU2007203300A1 - Arrangement and Method for Recording Signals of Biological Origin - Google Patents
Arrangement and Method for Recording Signals of Biological Origin Download PDFInfo
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- AU2007203300A1 AU2007203300A1 AU2007203300A AU2007203300A AU2007203300A1 AU 2007203300 A1 AU2007203300 A1 AU 2007203300A1 AU 2007203300 A AU2007203300 A AU 2007203300A AU 2007203300 A AU2007203300 A AU 2007203300A AU 2007203300 A1 AU2007203300 A1 AU 2007203300A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013186 photoplethysmography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Description
P001 Section 29 Regulation 3.2(2)
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANDARD PATENT Application Number: Lodged: Invention Title: Arrangement and Method for Recording Signals of Biological Origin The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us: ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR RECORDING SIGNALS OF N BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN The invention is directed to an arrangement and a method for the acquisition of signals of biological origin. This method and the arrangement are applied primarily, but not exclusively, to all areas of medicine in which biosignals Sare used.
Biological signals supply information about the function of organs within an organism. The evaluation of biosignals is used as a diagnostic tool in medicine (EKG, EEG, EMG, EOG, ERG, PPT, respiration, MKG, MEG). Aside from adequate signal processing and feature extraction, a precondition for the quality of diagnosis is a signal acquisition that is free from artefacts and interference.
In this connection, the followings points must be considered: After conversion in the range of nanovolts to millivolts, the signal levels lie within a frequency band from zero to several kilohertz; strong interference signals occur in the frequency band that is used; the signal sources, of electrophysiological origin, to be examined have high impedance; the physical characteristics, of the electrodes, change over time through variation in the inter-electrode impedance, electrode voltage, offset potential, contact pressure condition, movement artefacts).
Signal acquisition systems known in the art partially overcome these problems through a careful selection of derivation methodology and appropriate amplifier technology. High-quality commercial polygraphy systems for recording biosignals of different physiological origins are very cost-intensive and are usually provided only for stationary use.
The present procedure using electrodes is described in the following as an example for the acquisition of signals of biological origin.
2 The biological signal is tapped from the tissue under examination by c means of electrodes and is fed via electrode cable to a differential amplifier c whose artificial or synthetic reference potential can be generated in analog from the sum of all connected electrodes (common average). This measurement arrangement is simple but very sensitive to interference. For this reason, 0measurements of the electroencephalogram (EEG) can be carried out Cc only in a low-interference environment or after laborious measures to eliminate t'q interference (Faraday cage, local shielding). The construction of these acquisition systems is complex because every channel has its own analog pre- 0 10 processing stage. This increases susceptibility to interference, constructional size and energy consumption and impedes parameter matching of the channels.
The DC component of the biosignals is suppressed by an analog high-pass filter.
Exacting methods for biosignal acquisition and evaluation require highly efficient biosignal amplifiers which can also acquire signal components in the low frequency range up to DC voltage without distortion. This can be realized when an analog high-pass filter is done away with entirely and the total filter functionality, with the exception of the anti-aliasing filter, is shifted to the digital plane. All of the differential signals generated and measured in the system presented (Figure 1) refer to a common ground potential C which can be derived from the measured object. Each channel contains a differential amplifier 1, an anti-aliasing filter 2, an analog-to-digital converter 3, and a digital-to-analog converter 4 and is decoupled from the other channels. In all channels n, the difference between input signal An and a reference potential Bn, both of which refer to the ground potential C, are amplified, filtered and digitised. The antialiasing filter 2 connected in the channel path serves to limit the frequency range and, accordingly, to adhere to the sampling theorem during subsequent quantization in the analog-to-digital converter 3. The data are provided on a data and control bus 5 and are further processed either in the acquisition system itself or in another system after data transfer. The reference potential Bn of every differential amplifier 1 is determined from the data of the respective analog-todigital converter 3 and is sent back to the complementary input via a digital-to- O analog converter 4. In this way, possible overloading of the differential amplifier 1 C is prevented without losing the information about the DC component.
In order to acquire the signal of biological origin, the differential signal between two channels, A 1 and A 2 is formed by digital subtraction either in 0the acquisition system itself or in another system after data transfer. This makes it possible to designate any channel as reference channel in order to realise Sunipolar derivations. It is also conceivable to define a plurality of independent reference channels, for example, for biosignals of different origin.
0 The adjusted gains for each channel n should be equal in order to obtain sufficient suppression of the influence of the common mode signal on the results.
The gain can be set in such a way that the amplitude of virtually all biosignals can be acquired without losing information due to overload, quantization or system noise.
This arrangement has the following substantial advantages compared to conventional solutions: No analog high-pass filtering is necessary, so that precision components and time-consuming parameter matching thereof is done away with.
Signal acquisition in the low-frequency range to DC voltage is possible.
Data processing is carried out completely digitally.
Since the derivation is carried out at ground potential, the measurement data are unipolar after digital subtraction.
Starting from the unipolar measurement data mentioned above, any reference channels can be generated independent from hardware.
A simultaneous acquisition of biosignals of different origin is possible with different gain factors and sampling rates.
The modular hardware concept of the channels and the common digital interface enable any cascading.
The data are not acquired by time multiplexing as in conventional systems, but can be scanned simultaneously or completely independent from one another due to the modular structure.
O The digital interface enables very efficient galvanic separation of the cI measuring arrangement from the evaluating equipment, so that costly analog isolation amplifiers for ensuring safety during medical use are eliminated without jeopardizing the safety of the measured subject (patient).
Compared to the conventional solutions, the proposed solution is c characterized by compact size and low energy requirement.
(c Analog-to-digital conversion can be carried out very close to the signal 0 10 source due to the small constructional size. Interference is accordingly reduced because analog signal paths are very short and interference that is coupled in by induction via conductor loops in the analog part of the hardware is prevented.
Conventional amplifiers can not separate inductively coupled-in interference from the useful signal, since they are present as differential input voltage or current and are amplified by the useful signal.
Abbreviations EKG electrocardiogram EEG electroencephalogram EMG electromyogram EOG electrooculogram ERG electroretinogram PPT photoplethysmography MKG magnetocardiogram MEG magneto encephalogram
Claims (4)
1. Method for the acquisition of signals of biological origin, characterised in that the signals coming from a biological source that are converted into an electrical quantity are amplified and quantised, each channel has its own digitally controlled reference potential, and a common ground potential derived from the Cmeasured object is used.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the signals can be Sapplied digitally to one or more reference channels.
3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the simultaneous acquisition of multiple-channel biological signals of the same and/or different origin is possible.
4. Arrangement for the acquisition of signals of biological origin, characterised in that the biosignals that are converted into an electrical quantity are amplified by a differential amplifier and are digitised by an analog-to-digital converter following an anti-aliasing filter, and the reference potential Bn obtained from the data of the analog-to-digital converter is made available at the complementary input of the differential amplifier by a digital-to-analog converter. ELDITH GMBH WATERMARK PATENT TRADE MARK ATTORNEYS P23187AU01
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2007203300A AU2007203300B8 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2007-07-17 | Arrangement and Method for Recording Signals of Biological Origin |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10117155 | 2001-04-05 | ||
| DE10117155.2 | 2001-04-05 | ||
| DE10214459.1 | 2002-03-30 | ||
| AU2002257559A AU2002257559A1 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2002-04-04 | Recording of signals of biological origin |
| AU2007203300A AU2007203300B8 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2007-07-17 | Arrangement and Method for Recording Signals of Biological Origin |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002257559A Division AU2002257559A1 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2002-04-04 | Recording of signals of biological origin |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2007203300A1 true AU2007203300A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
| AU2007203300B2 AU2007203300B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
| AU2007203300B8 AU2007203300B8 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2007203300A Expired AU2007203300B8 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2007-07-17 | Arrangement and Method for Recording Signals of Biological Origin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2007203300B8 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1246752B (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1994-11-26 | Bts Srl | OPTICAL DATA TRANSMISSION ELECTROMYOGRAPH. |
| US5713367A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1998-02-03 | Cambridge Heart, Inc. | Measuring and assessing cardiac electrical stability |
| AUPN204295A0 (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1995-04-27 | Hildebrandt, William James | Amplifying circuit |
| US5615687A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-04-01 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Heart monitoring system and method with reduced signal acquisition range |
| US6629931B1 (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2003-10-07 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method and system for measuring a source impedance of at least one cardiac electrical signal in a mammalian heart |
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2007
- 2007-07-17 AU AU2007203300A patent/AU2007203300B8/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2007203300B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
| AU2007203300B8 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| TH | Corrigenda |
Free format text: IN VOL 24, NO 48, PAGE(S) 5557 UNDER THE HEADING APPLICATIONS ACCEPTED - NAME INDEX UNDER THE NAME ELDITH GMBH, APPLICATION NO. 2007203300, UNDER INID (71) CORRECT THE APPLICANT NAME TO NEUROCONN GMBH |
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| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |