AU2002355403A1 - Composition for removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid - Google Patents
Composition for removing dissolved oxygen from a fluidInfo
- Publication number
- AU2002355403A1 AU2002355403A1 AU2002355403A AU2002355403A AU2002355403A1 AU 2002355403 A1 AU2002355403 A1 AU 2002355403A1 AU 2002355403 A AU2002355403 A AU 2002355403A AU 2002355403 A AU2002355403 A AU 2002355403A AU 2002355403 A1 AU2002355403 A1 AU 2002355403A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- ppm
- steam
- boiler
- dissolved oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title description 7
- WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical group CCC(C)=NO WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- ODHYIQOBTIWVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylhydroxylamine Chemical group CC(C)NO ODHYIQOBTIWVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001174 Diethylhydroxylamine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCN(O)CC FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- -1 aliphatic oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAQQTJZRCYNBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentan-3-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound CCC(CC)=NO NAQQTJZRCYNBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
COMPOSITION FOR REMOVING DISSOLVED OXYGEN FROM A FLUID
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS Not Applicable.
CLAIM TO PRIORITY
Not Applicable.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
Not Applicable.
REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX Not Applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1) Field of the Invention
This invention relates to compositions, which are useful in removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid stream, preferably an aqueous stream. The compositions comprise a blend of an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine. This invention also relates to a process for removing oxygen from an aqueous system, which comprises adding an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine to a fluid system.
(2) Description of the Related Art The presence of dissolved oxygen in industrial/ institutional water systems, such as steam generating? systems, causes the cathode of corrosion cells to depolarize and prolong the corrosion process. Additionally dissolved oxygen promotes ammonia corrosion of copper condenser tubes and chelant corrosion of metal tubes and pump parts. The mitigation of corrosion in steam generating systems is vital to the continued efficient operation of the systems. Oxygen pitting can rapidly lead to failures while formation of metal oxides results in deposition, causing reduced heat transfer rates and under-deposit corrosion. The limited deposit tolerances in boilers require that the corrosion inhibition program perform optimally. Therefore, it is essential that dissolved
oxygen concentrations be kept at the lowest level possible throughout the steam generating system.
In most steam generating systems, the reduction or elimination of oxygen is achieved by mechanical means, followed by the addition of chemicals, which are known in the industry as oxygen scavengers. Methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO) is well known as an oxygen scavenger and metal passivator in boilers. See U.S. Patent 4,487,745. This patent indicates that the amount of oxime used in treating boiler water is from 0.0001 ppm to 500 ppm, although commercial utility plant experience indicates that the typical dosage of MEKO used to control feedwater oxygen is from 30-80 ppb. MEKO controls corrosion in the feedwater circuit by scavenging oxygen and by establishing a corrosion-resistant oxide film on waterside metallic surfaces.
One limitation in using MEKO is that it requires thermal activation. Because thermal activation is necessary, MEKO is not useful for certain applications, for instance shipboard boiler systems without heated deaeration or adequate feedwater heating, or boilers in layup.
Another known oxygen scavenger is a secondary hydroxylamine, diethyl hydroxylamine (DEHA). See U.S. Patents 4,067,690 and 4,350,606.
All citations referred to under this description of the "Related Art" and in the "Detailed Description of the Invention" are expressly incorporated by reference.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a composition comprising (a) an oxime, preferably methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO) and (2) primary hydroxylamine, preferably isopropylhydroxylamine (IPHA). The examples indicate that the use of this composition provides unexpected, or synergistic, results, in view of the limited effect of the components alone in scavenging oxygen, particularly at ambient temperatures.
Test data indicate that there is a synergy when MEKO and IPHA are used together, since the effectiveness of this combination in removing dissolved oxygen was unexpected in view of their effectiveness when used individually. This degree of dissolved oxygen removal was not expected in view of the performance of MEKO and IPHA alone, particularly since the test was not carried out at a temperature that would activate the MEKO. The effectiveness of the invention is further surprising because
mixing methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO) with a secondary hydroxylamine, e.g. diethylhydroxylamine (DEHA), does not significantly improve the oxygen scavenging ability of MEKO.
Although the composition can be used in any steam generating system, the composition is particularly useful where temperatures are insufficient to activate MEKO. Examples are certain boiler systems such as shipboard auxiliary boilers, or boilers in layup.
This invention also relates to a process for removing oxygen from an aqueous system, which comprises adding an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine to a fluid system, preferably an aqueous system, in amount effective to remove dissolved oxygen that is in contact with the aqueous system. The oxime and primary hydroxylamine can be fed into the fluid stream as a mixture or separately. When the oxime and primary hydroxylamine are fed into the fluid stream, the oxime, preferably methyl ethyl ketoxime, will scavenge oxygen at ambient temperature, which is surprising in view of what is known about methyl ethyl ketoxime.
The process further involves mamtaining the dosage of oxime in the aqueous system for a time sufficient to further reduce the level of oxygen in the aqueous system. The process can be carried out effectively at ambient temperatures. The corrosion potential for the boiler tube surfaces is also reduced when this process is used. The use of this process also results in cost savings because there is less need for frequent cleanings of the operating equipment, i.e. boiler, if the process is used. Further savings result by using this process because heat generated by the boiler is more efficient.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS Not- Applicable.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The detailed description and examples will illustrate specific embodiments of the invention will enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention, including the best mode.
The oximes used in this process are described in U.S. Patents 4,487,745 which is hereby incorporated by reference and shown by the following chemical structure:
Rt
C = N - OH
R,
wherein Rλ and R2 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl groups of 1-8 carbon atoms and aryl groups, and mixtures thereof, particularly aliphatic oximes. Most preferably used as the oxime is methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO). Although not required, the oxime is can be added to a feedpoint that will expose the said methyl l o ethyl ketoxime to a temperature of about 30°C to about 320°C.
The primary hydroxylamines used in this invention have the following structural formula:
R.
15
R2 — C -N (H) - OH
R
20 wherein Rl5 R2, and R3 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl groups of 1-8 carbon atoms, aryl groups, arylalkyl groups, and mixtures thereof, preferably aliphatic primary hydroxylamines, most preferably isopropyl hydroxylamine (IPHA).
The ratio of oxime to primary hydroxylamine is typically from about 100:1 to
25 about 1:10, preferably from about 20:1 to about 1:1 most preferably from about 10:1 to about 2:1. The typical dosage of the composition is used in an aqueous system with thermal and/or mechanical deaeration for a feedwater (for a boiler which is in operation) oxygen scavenging is in the range of 30 ppb to 300 ppb, preferably from about 30 ppb to 150 ppb, most preferably from about 65 ppb to 100 ppb. The typical
30 dosage of the composition used in an aqueous system without thermal and/or mechanical deaeration for a feedwater (for a boiler which is in operation) is in the range of 5 to 200 ppm, preferably from about 15 ppm to 120 ppm, most preferably from about 15 ppm to 60 ppm. For boilers in layup, the typical dosage of the composition is used
in the range of 5 to 200 ppm, preferably from about 5 ppm to 120 ppm, most preferably from about 5 ppm to 60 ppm.
Although it is not critical to inject the composition into a particular injection point, typical injection points where the composition can be added to an aqueous stream of a steam generator include the pre-boiler system of the steam generator, the boiler steam drum of the steam generator, the highest-temperature feedwater heater extraction steam of the lower pressure steam turbine, the main steam header prior to the turbine, the turbine crossover piping, and satellite feeds to stream condensate lines.
EXAMPLE
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. In this application all units are in the metric system and all amounts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise expressly indicated. The Control did not contain MEKO or IHPA. Sample compositions A-D are comparative examples. They contain either IPHA or MEKO, but not both.
Examples A-D and 1-2 Dissolved oxygen and pH were monitored on sample compositions at ambient temperature in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the compositions in scavenging dissolved oxygen. The monitoring system consisted of Hach D175 dissolved oxygen meter equipped with a probe, Cole-Parmer pH meter equipped with a pH and ATC probes, a four-neck round bottom flask and a stirrer. The evaluations were done by adding known amounts of MEKO, IPHA and a blend of MEKO and IPHA to oxygen saturated Dl water. The pH of the test solutions were maintained at 10.00-10.25 using
dilute sodium hydroxide solution. Reagent grade methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO)1 was used in the evaluation. A product called Hydroguard 1-15, which is a 15% solution of isopropyl hydroxylamine supplied by Angus Chemical Company/ Dow Chemical Company was used as the source for the IPHA.
Table I shows dissolved oxygen data over time for two levels of MEKO, IPHA, and a blend of MEKO and IPHA.
Table I
The data in Table I show that MEKO does not scavenge oxygen at ambient temperature. Additionally the data show that the combination of MEKO and IPHA removes more oxygen than IPHA or MEKO alone. The data indicate that there is a synergy when MEKO and IPHA are used together, since the effectiveness of this combination in removing dissolved oxygen was unexpected in view of their effectiveness when used individually. This degree of dissolved oxygen removal was not expected in view of the performance of MEKO and IPHA alone, particularly since the test was not carried out at a temperature that would activate the MEKO.
Ashland Specialty Chemical Company markets MEKO as MEKOR® corrosion inhibitor.
Claims (13)
1. A composition comprising:
(a) an oxime; and
(b) a primary hydroxylamine
such that the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is from about 100 : 1 to about 1 :10.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the oxime is methyl ethyl ketoxime.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the primary hydroxylamine is isopropyl hydroxylamine.
4. The composition of claim 2 wherein the ratio of (a) to (b) is from 10:1 to about 2:1.
5. A process for removing dissolved oxygen from an aqueous system comprising:
adding the composition of claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 to said aqueous system in amount effective to remove dissolved oxygen from the aqueous system.
6. The process of claim 5 wherein the injection point for the composition is at ambient temperature.
7. The process of claim 5 wherein the composition is injected into an aqueous stream of a steam generating system with an operating boiler.
8. The process of claim 7 wherein the injection point for the composition is selected from the group consisting of the pre-boiler system of the steam generator, the boiler steam drum of the steam generator, the highest-temperature feedwater heater extraction steam of the lower pressure steam turbine, the main steam header prior to the turbine, the turbine crossover piping, and satellite feeds to stream condensate lines.
9. The process of claim 8 wherein there is mechanical deaeration.
10. The process of claim 9 wherein dosage of the composition is from of 30 ppb to 300 ppb.
11. The process of claim 8 wherein there is no provision for mechanical deaeration.
12. The process of claim 11 wherein dosage of the composition is from 5 ppm to 200 ppm.
13. The process of claim 5 wherein the composition is injected into the water contained in a boiler in layup.
14 The process of claim 13 wherein the dosage of the composition is from 5 ppm to 200 ppm.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/927,844 US6669853B2 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2001-08-09 | Composition for removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid |
| US09/927,844 | 2001-08-09 | ||
| PCT/US2002/024502 WO2003014024A1 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2002-08-05 | Composition for removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2002355403A1 true AU2002355403A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| AU2002355403B2 AU2002355403B2 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
Family
ID=25455347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002355403A Expired AU2002355403B2 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2002-08-05 | Composition for removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6669853B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1485324A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002355403B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2456971C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003014024A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3855961B2 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2006-12-13 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Oxygen absorber and deoxygenation method |
| US20060131248A1 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-22 | Charkhutian Kostan B | Process for removing dissolved oxygen from an aqueous system |
| GB2528112B (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2021-11-24 | Wcs Services Ltd | Improvements relating to inhibition of corrosion |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4067690A (en) | 1976-05-04 | 1978-01-10 | Chemed Corporation | Boiler water treatment |
| US4350606A (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1982-09-21 | Dearborn Chemical Company | Composition and method for inhibiting corrosion |
| US4487745A (en) | 1983-08-31 | 1984-12-11 | Drew Chemical Corporation | Oximes as oxygen scavengers |
| US5176849A (en) | 1992-04-15 | 1993-01-05 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Composition and method for scavenging oxygen |
| GB2272431B (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1997-04-09 | Grace W R & Co | Inhibition of corrosion in aqueous systems |
| US5426257A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1995-06-20 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Compositions and methods for inhibiting vinyl aromatic monomer polymerization |
| US5589107A (en) * | 1994-08-15 | 1996-12-31 | Applied Specialties, Inc. | Method and composition for inhibiting corrosion |
| US6059992A (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 2000-05-09 | Veldman; Ray R. | Gas treating solution corrosion inhibitor |
-
2001
- 2001-08-09 US US09/927,844 patent/US6669853B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-08-05 EP EP02752660A patent/EP1485324A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-08-05 CA CA2456971A patent/CA2456971C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-05 AU AU2002355403A patent/AU2002355403B2/en not_active Expired
- 2002-08-05 WO PCT/US2002/024502 patent/WO2003014024A1/en not_active Ceased
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