AT527517A1 - Arrangement for green retention of rainwater - Google Patents

Abstract

Arrangement for the green retention of rainwater (1) in an area of a sealed urban surface (2) with underground, piped infrastructure (3), comprising: - a root- and water-resistant tray (4) which runs at least partially below the level of the sealed surface (2), - a structural substrate (5) arranged in the tray (4) which has interstices or pores and capillary properties for storing water, - a shaft arrangement (7) with a water inlet (8), a water supply (9) and at least one water outlet (10), - wherein the water inlet (8) is connected to a collector (11) for the rainwater (1) to receive the rainwater (1) drained from the sealed surface (2), - and wherein the shaft arrangement (7) directs the collected rainwater (1) via the water supply (9) and optionally up to a certain fill level (12) into the tray (4) or discharges excess or contaminated Rainwater (1) is drained via the water drain (10) to a channel (13).

Description

Arrangement for green retention of rainwater

The invention relates to an arrangement according to the independent patent claim.

Urban areas are required to adapt their settlement areas to the consequences of climate change, especially heat waves and heavy rainfall events. This requires the use of green infrastructure and, in particular, trees, which are considered an efficient

and cost-effective solution for climate regulation.

State-of-the-art tree planting often no longer meets the requirements of changing climatic conditions. Significant obstacles include, for example, technical installations in the roadway, which must be protected from root penetration. Furthermore, trees must be provided with a sufficiently large root space to ensure adequate water and

In particular, there is a limited root space or distance rule to

Installations: Due to the limited space on the surface, the

used tree substrate into the depths of the grey infrastructures

Therefore, according to the state of the art, trees can often only be planted in areas

be planted that are free of any fixtures.

In addition, grey infrastructure often needs to be protected from tree roots and must have a horizontal distance of, for example, 2.5 m from fixtures. These justified protective measures limit the space required for conventional

However, tree planting is still being reduced.

Another problem for tree planting in urban areas is the use of de-icing agents in winter and a lack of surface water. Due to the use of de-icing agents, the ingress of surface water into the tree planting area or tree pit is prevented by curbs, according to state-of-the-art technology. However, this approach also prevents the ingress of rainwater during the growing season. As a result, trees in urban heat suffer from drought stress and die with increasing frequency. Artificial irrigation

by tank trucks involves considerable effort.

In summary, there is a conflict of objectives in urban areas. On the one hand, trees should be planted for shade and local retention basins for rainwater should be created. On the other hand, the possibilities for planting trees and creating local retention basins are severely limited due to infrastructure such as pipelines, sidewalks, roadways, etc.

restricted.

The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art

overcome and resolve the above-mentioned conflict of objectives.

The object of the invention is achieved in particular by the features of the

independent patent claim.

The arrangement according to the invention can achieve one or more of the following effects

can be achieved:

A reduction in peak runoff from sealed surfaces during heavy rainfall events, through the water storage in the accumulation area of the tub or plant trough as well as the water storage capacity of the planting substrates and structural substrates.

Providing adequate irrigation for street trees by collecting and storing rainwater. During dry periods, the water retention ensures a sufficient water supply. During periods of extreme heat and during the growth phase, simple irrigation, for example, using street cleaning vehicles with large tanks, can be highly efficient.

There's no need to completely redesign the road cross-section or relocate expensive fixtures (as with the Stockholm system, for example). The surface pavement may only need to be penetrated in the area of tree planting to create the arrangement.

Shading urban surfaces and preventing heat accumulation.

Cooling of the adjacent street space through evapotranspiration of the rainwater used by the street tree and thus reduction of urban heat islands.

A possibility for tree planting in areas with limited space, for example near installations, wired infrastructures, and where the structure height is too low.

The creation of a sufficiently dimensioned volume for sufficient root space to enable the planting of trees, especially large trees.

A possibility of removing the entire basin (including planted trees) at short notice with minimal damage to the root system, for example for maintenance work on the underlying pipes or similar. An integration of social aspects of open space planning by shading the adjacent street space and thus promoting pedestrian routes and providing integrated seating.

A contribution to waste prevention through the use of recycled plastic in the production of the assembly.

The invention particularly relates to an arrangement for the green, preferably tree-planted, retention of rainwater in an area of a sealed urban area or a road surface with underground, piped infrastructure, comprising one or more of the following features:

- a root- and water-resistant tray that runs at least partially or completely below the level of the sealed surface,

- a structural substrate arranged in the tank, which has gaps or pores and capillary properties for storing water and which is optionally covered from above with a covering layer,

- a shaft arrangement with a water inlet, a water supply and

at least one water drain.

Preferably, the water inlet is connected to a collector for the rainwater to collect the rainwater drained from the sealed surface.

connected.

It can be advantageous if the shaft arrangement directs the collected rainwater via the water supply and, if necessary, up to a certain fill level into the tray or if excess or contaminated

Rainwater is drained into a canal via the water outlet. Preferably, a plant trough is provided that projects upwards above the tub and is designed to hold a tree substrate and a plant embedded in the tree substrate.

tree bale is set up.

A fastening device for anchoring the tree ball and the

Plant trough provided in the area of the tub.

If necessary, the plant trough can be placed on top of the

structural substrate rests on and/or is supported.

It may be advantageous if the fastening device comprises an anchor arrangement which is connected on the one hand to the plant trough and which on the other hand is fixed in the trough and in particular via at least one anchor plate in the structural substrate

is anchored.

It can also be advantageous if the anchor arrangement comprises several tension anchors, which

via traction devices such as tension rods on the plant trough.

If necessary, it is provided that the shaft arrangement and in particular the water supply includes a pump by means of which water in the tub

the plant trough and, if necessary, the covering layer.

In particular, it can be provided that the shaft arrangement comprises an inlet shaft and a pump shaft, and if necessary that the pump is located in the pump shaft and the

Water inlet is provided.

It may be provided that at least one distribution line is provided, which extends through the

structural substrate.

If necessary, it is provided that the distribution line is connected to the inlet shaft and to

the pump shaft. If necessary, one or the water outlet is designed as an overflow, the position of which reflects the level of the water accumulation in the

Tub defined.

If necessary, it is provided that the position of the overflow, in order to change the

Adjustment of the filling level, if necessary height adjustable.

Where appropriate, it is intended that the tub, measured from the level of the sealed surface, is a maximum of 120 cm deep, preferably a maximum of 100 cm deep and especially

preferably extends a maximum of 80 cm into the ground.

Where appropriate, it is intended that the tray has an extension along the sealed surface of more than 5 m?*, in particular of more than 10 m}?, possibly of 10 to 15 m? or, where appropriate, the size of a car

parking space.

If necessary, the plant trough is intended to have a diameter of 1 m to

2 m.

If necessary, the plant trough should have a height of 0.5 to 2 m

has.

If necessary, it is provided that the tub has a seal made of a, preferably environmentally friendly, material with a protective layer and a

Drainage mat has a mechanical protective layer.

An environmentally friendly material preferably has the following criteria:

- no polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

- Limit values for halogenated organic compounds (max. 3% by weight),

- Exclusion of biocides and root-inhibiting agents or root poisons (e.g. Preventol),

- Bitumen membranes, for example, must not contain any biocides such as root-inhibiting agents

- The material may contain encapsulated biocides

- The material must not contain any metal composites — e.g. no composite products made of bitumen membranes with metal

- Potential for reuse during demolition (similar to natural rubber and EPDM) or mechanically root-resistant bitumen sealing should or must be given.

71728

Where appropriate, the collector connected to the water inlet may have a slope of the sealed surface, a pipe fitted with a collector, an inlet shaft, sunken curbs, an area with

trough stones, or an asphalt or concrete edge.

If necessary, it is provided that the shaft arrangement has a manual or remote or radio-controlled actuating element which, in a first position

Rainwater is directed into the tub via the water supply.

If necessary, the shaft arrangement is provided with a manual or remote or radio-controlled actuating element which, in a second position, for example, discharges rainwater contaminated by de-icing agents via the

Water drains into a canal, bypassing the tub.

If necessary, a pump control system is provided which controls the pump:

- depending on a time parameter,

- and/or depending on a sensor parameter such as soil moisture,

Controls temperature progression and/or fill level or water level.

If necessary, it is provided that the shaft arrangement has a manual or remote or radio-controlled actuating element which is integrated into a photovoltaic system for the provision of electrical energy, in particular for the pump, the

Actuating element and/or pump control is provided.

If necessary, it is intended that the arrangement by the photovoltaic system

is energy self-sufficient.

Where appropriate, a telecommunications device is provided that can send data

and/or receive.

Where appropriate, it is provided that the data, for example, control data for the pump, control data for the actuating element and/or on the arrangement

recorded sensor data such as water level or soil moisture.

Where appropriate, the covering layer is intended to cover a sealed surface such as

for example a sidewalk.

Where appropriate, the covering layer is intended to be a green layer.

Where appropriate, the covering layer is designed as a trafficable, not fully sealed, i.e. partially open, surface. Examples include a

open-joint paving, a wooden deck or a water-bound deck.

In all embodiments, it can be provided that the surface or the upper edge of the substrate or cover layer arranged in the tray is substantially at the same level as the surrounding or adjacent sealed surface. In particular, the substrate or cover layer arranged in the tray extends

the covering layer merges seamlessly into the adjacent sealed area.

The plant trough can, for example, be round, particularly cylindrical or conical. If necessary, the plant trough can also have any other shape, such as a rectangular shape. The plant trough is preferably open at the bottom. In particular, the plant trough can have a bottom. The bottom preferably has openings or holes. These openings allow water, i.e. the rainwater in the arrangement or water supplied in another way, to pass from the trough into the plant trough by capillary action. In particular, roots of the tree ball can also grow through these openings into the trough.

It is advantageous if the plant trough rests directly on the structural substrate of the tub. The fastening device can, for example, comprise an anchor plate which

either attached to the tub or embedded in the structural substrate.

Anchor plate can engage tension rods. The tension rods can, on the one hand, be attached to the

Anchor plate and on the other hand to the plant trough. The anchor arrangement can

if necessary, include clamping devices that enable the tie rods to be tensioned.

If necessary, the fastening device includes feet that support the plant trough downwards against gravity. Such support feet may also be omitted if the plant trough is installed on the structural substrate.

is superimposed.

The plant trough itself, in particular its casing, can be made of plastic, in particular recycled plastic, or of another

be made of suitable material.

The plant trough is preferably smaller in area than the tub. In particular, the plant trough can be mounted centrally above or in the tub. The tub projects beyond the plant trough in at least one, preferably in several directions along the sealed surface. This can be provided in all embodiments.

be.

Preferably, the shaft arrangement is arranged directly in the area of the tub. For example, a shaft can be arranged within the tub.

If necessary, a shaft can be arranged in the edge area of the tub.

The plant trough can, for example, have a height of 80 cm to 1.5 m. It can be sunk into the surface, particularly in the covering layer, of the arrangement and, for example, be supported on the structural substrate. However, it is preferred

The plant trough protrudes above the level of the sealed surface. The plant trough's outer shell is preferably water- and root-tight. If necessary, the plant trough is double-walled, insulated, or

thermally insulated.

The height of the layer of the structural substrate can be, for example, 0.5 m to 1 m

In particular, the depth of the tub and therefore possibly also

The height of the structural substrate depends on the structural conditions. For example, it must be taken into account how much space is available below the level of the sealed

space is available.

The arrangement allows preferential climate-effective tree planting within the

Existing city without laying of piped infrastructure.

By means of a protruding but downwardly open and statically calculated plant trough including fastening device and in particular by a load anchoring, in addition to the rainwater storing tub (sponge city principle), the

Root volume is increased and the tree is protected from mechanical damage.

Due to the drainage of the sealed area, rainwater is stored and additionally returned to the ecological cycle

returned.

In addition, the construction time and costs are reduced (elimination of laying cables) and the vitality of the tree is increased by sufficient water capacity and

sufficient root space improved.

Using the telecommunications facility and cloud-based monitoring, the existing water level in the system can be checked and, in the event of prolonged heat waves, an alert can be sent, allowing targeted irrigation as needed. The alert can be transmitted to an agency responsible for tree care or management, i.e.

for example the local administration or the city or municipality.

Depending on the spatial and structural conditions (e.g., gradient, effective drainage area, aesthetics) and requirements for retention, cleaning performance, etc., the arrangement of the above-mentioned components can be tailored to the specific application. The construction or rehabilitation of the road remains unchanged; only the gradient design may need to be adjusted.

When planting trees, the upper bearing layers of the area are left out or a

A recess is excavated in the retrofit. The layout is then formed in the open area, particularly the drainage-effective areas or collectors (e.g., trough stone).

and the inlet shaft are connected.

The tree or plant is preferably placed in the planter and in a sealed tray, a kind of saucer. This root-resistant tray forms the interface with the street space and is limited in depth so that it lies above any built-in structures (e.g., the depth is max. 120 cm or max. 80 cm). The interface, such as the collector, is designed so that surface water, for example from the roadway, can flow directly into the tray or via the inlet shaft. The tray has a total area of approximately 12.5 m², which is roughly the size of a car parking space.

corresponds.

The use of an actuating element to regulate winter/summer operation,

corresponds to an urban dual system.

The plant trough can, for example, have a diameter of 1 m to 2 m. The tub

preferably offers the tree additional root space.

At the same time, the plant trough fulfils the following functions, for example: - optical element in the otherwise two-dimensional street space, - can be combined with a bench and PV module (increasing the quality of stay), - collision protection against cars and - protection against dog urine.

The height of the arrangement may be limited so that traffic safety is not compromised. This means that one can see over a plant trough that is approximately 0.9 m high from a vehicle and thus

Traffic and especially pedestrians are fully aware of the situation. If necessary, a simple pumping system can be installed in a shaft

powered by photovoltaic cells. This allows the

Tub accumulated water to the tree roots or its underplanting

and an additional storage volume for preventive flood protection could be gained. Optionally, the

Actuator can be controlled automatically.

The system preferably uses the surface runoff from the street to supply the tree with water. The problem of de-icing agents is solved by the actuating element. This can be done manually or via a radio-controlled actuator. During the frost period, the first heavily salt-laden surface waters are diverted into the sewer system. However, during the growing season, all surface water can be fed into the system. Should additional water requirements arise during the summer period, watering can be carried out by street cleaning vehicles. The vehicle drives past the system and the released water is used, for example,

via the collector to the trees.

The arrangement allows for preferential planting of trees in cities without significant restrictions due to installations or sewer pipes, ensures

plant vitality and development and thus essential climate regulation services.

The preferred use of sealed surfaces to provide water and nutrients to the tree plays a positive role, because the limited

Root space can be compensated in this way.

The arrangement can also be used, for example, on roofs or garages as a selective greening element for trees. Full-surface green roofs, in particular, often face significant structural challenges. In comparison, a selective load can often be reinforced more easily. The arrangement, both as a roof greening element and in street applications, can be a valuable component of a decentralized and sustainable

Rainwater management.

Backfills and fillings with substrates and bulk materials should be preferred

layer by layer, the maximum layer thickness is 30 cm for example for the

Structural substrate and 20 cm for the top substrate. The expected settlements are taken into account when placing the material. The extent is determined in the

settled or compacted state.

Before starting excavation work to create an arrangement, it must be determined whether

There are no pipes or other fixtures in the intended excavation area.

Example dimensioning:

- Excavation for the tub: 800 cm long, 200 cm wide, 80-90 cm deep.

- The tank must be constructed in such a way that there is a gradient of at least 2% on all sides towards a low point.

- Street water should collect at this low point, where the pump shaft can be installed and irrigation water can be extracted.

- The location of the low point is not predetermined and can be freely chosen depending on local conditions, as long as the required minimum distances are observed.

- The shaft should be accessible after installation, therefore the low point should not be positioned under the planter or other elements such as wheel stands, seating elements, etc.

- Pits that are not sloped should be secured by installing a shoring or other suitable measure if the depth is more than 1.25 m.

The production of a leveling and protective layer can be made of sand 0/2 or 0/4, min.

3-5 cm thick. A protective fleece should be at least 600 g/m².

RHEPANOL, for example, can be used as a sealing membrane. The membrane can be extended at least 10 cm above the overflow into the sewer (at the height of the dam level). All penetrations should be professionally sealed.

be.

The protective fleece with a minimum weight of 600 g/m? should be installed above the sealing film.

A load-stable drainage plate, for example with a thickness of 10

mm to 25 mm.

The structural substrate should be installed in layers, e.g., with a maximum layer thickness of 30 cm per layer. During installation, care should be taken to ensure that the root ball anchors are installed correctly and are pushed through the substrate towards the planting trough.

is brought up.

The substrate should preferably be professionally compacted. It is preferably statically compacted 10-15 MN/m2, deviations are possible if the planned construction

this requires.

The tub is to be filled with the structural substrate up to a depth of e.g. 30 cm below the upper surface.

fill.

Example requirements for the structural substrate: - Minimum capillarity of 18 cm - Air pore volume at water saturation at min. 10 vol.%

- Minimum infiltration rate at 1*10-4

The plant or shrub substrate of a covering layer should also be compacted (Ev1=5MN/m?). It is preferably compacted with 3-5 MN/m2 and a DPR (Proctor Density) of 80-90%, thus allowing for walking. Deviations are possible if the

planned development requires this.

Drip irrigation can be achieved, for example, using a 16 mm drip pipe, pressure-balanced, self-cleaning, dripper spacing of approximately 30 cm. The distance between

the drip lines can be max. 30 cm.

Example requirements for the plant substrate of the covering layer: - Minimum capillarity of 18 cm - Air pore volume at water saturation at min. 10 vol.%

- Minimum infiltration rate at 1*10-4

The planter can be installed at a depth of approximately 30 cm below the top of the finished tub or sealed surface. The planter ring should preferably be professionally and force-fittedly connected to the ballast anchor and, if necessary, made of steel or another suitable material.

The attachment of a root ball anchor can be made, for example, at the bottom of the plant trough. Any ropes/belts of a root ball anchor should be directed

Tree bales must be raised.

The planting trough is in all embodiments preferably up to the level of the OK

To fill the road with structural substrate.

Example requirements for the tree substrate:

- Minimum capillarity of 18 cm

- Air pore volume at water saturation at min. 10 vol.%

- Minimum infiltration rate at 1*10-4

An irrigation line can be laid in a ring around the trunk. For example, three rings. Length, for example, approximately 5 meters. The flow rate can be approximately 400 l/h. The irrigation line can be routed to the pumping shaft via conduits.

In all designs, the distribution pipe should be lower than the overflow.

The gradient of the tub should always be 2% or more.

In all embodiments, the tray can be formed by one or more films

If necessary, a rigid tub can also be used.

The arrangement may include a bench or similar objects.

The invention is further described with reference to the figures:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a possible embodiment of the

arrangement.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of components of the assembly from above.

Unless otherwise stated, the reference symbols correspond to the following components: Rainwater 1, sealed surface 2, infrastructure 3, tray 4, structural substrate 5, covering layer 6, shaft arrangement 7, water inlet 8, water supply 9, water outlet 10, collector 11, filling level 12, channel 13, plant trough 14, tree substrate 15, tree ball 16, fastening device 17, anchor arrangement 18, anchor plate 19, tie rod 20, pump 21, inlet shaft 22, pump shaft 23, distribution line 24, overflow 25, sealing 26, protective layer 27, actuating element 28, pump control 29, photovoltaic system 30,

Telecommunications facility 31, irrigation line 32.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a possible structure of a

Arrangement. The cutting surface is essentially vertical.

The arrangement comprises a tray 4. The tray 4 is arranged in the region of a sealed surface 2. In particular, the sealed surface 2 is perforated in the region of the tray 4. The sealed surface 2 is, for example, a road surface or a roof surface of a building. The tray 4 is embedded in the sealed surface 2 to a certain depth. The depth is generally limited because, as in the present case, an infrastructure 3 is located below the tray. This infrastructure 3 can, for example, be pipelines or other fixtures. The tray 4 can preferably comprise a seal 26 and a protective layer 27. The tray 4 is

preferably designed to be water and root tight.

Rainwater 1 that hits the sealed surface 2 and cannot seep into it is usually transported via a collector 11 to a channel 13. The collector can be a channel or simply a slope of the sealed surface.

Area 2.

The arrangement comprises a shaft arrangement 7. In the present case, the shaft arrangement 7 comprises two shafts, namely an inlet shaft 22 and a pump shaft 23. If necessary, however, only a single shaft can be provided. The shaft arrangement 7 comprises a water inlet 8. This water inlet 8 is preferably connected to the collector 11, so that rainwater 1 falling on the sealed surface 2 is discharged via the collector 11 into the

Water inlet 8.

The shaft arrangement 7 comprises a water outlet 10. This water outlet 10 can drain rainwater 1, which flows into the shaft arrangement 7 via the water inlet 8

to channel 13.

The shaft arrangement 7 comprises a water supply 9. The water supply 9 guides rainwater 1 entering the shaft arrangement 7 into the tray 4. In particular, the tray 4 has a certain fill level 12. This fill level 12, actually the maximum fill level 12, is determined by the position of an overflow 25. In the present case, the overflow 25 is formed by the water outlet 10. If necessary, the height of the overflow 25 can be adjusted so that the

Fill level 12 can be adjusted.

For better distribution of the water within the tub 4, a distribution line 24 may be provided. The distribution line 24 may, for example, be a line with several openings through which the water is distributed within the tub 4. If necessary, the distribution line 24 may be arranged in a ring or in a straight line through the tub.

4 run.

A structural substrate 5 is arranged in the tank 4. The structural substrate 5 is a substrate that has sufficient cavities or pores as well as a certain capillarity for optimal water storage. For example, the structural substrate 5 can be formed from one or more of the following materials: natural aggregates; soil additives such as perlite, biochar, activated carbon, expanded clay, zeolite, and broken brick.

The structural substrate 5 is preferably arranged as a bulk material in the trough 4. Preferably, the structural substrate 5 or its surface can be solidified.

Distribution line 24 preferably extends through the structural substrate 5.

The structural substrate 5 can be covered by a covering layer 6. The covering layer 6 can, for example, be a sealed layer or a water-permeable layer. The covering layer 6 can, for example, comprise a plant substrate and be covered with vegetation or a

Perennial planting should be planted.

The arrangement comprises a plant trough 14. The plant trough 14 projects upwards above the sealed surface 2 and in particular the structural substrate 5 of the tub 4. Tree substrate 15 and a tree ball 16 are preferably provided in the plant trough 14. From the plant trough 14, preferably in all

Embodiments a tree or other plant.

To prevent the tree or plant trough 14 from toppling over due to wind forces, a fastening device 17 is provided. The fastening device 17 comprises an anchor arrangement 18 with an anchor plate 19 and a plurality of tie rods 20. The anchor plate 19 is preferably anchored in the structural substrate 5 or to the tub 4. The tie rods 20 are connected to the anchor plate 19 on the one hand and to the plant trough 14 on the other. If a force acts on the tree or plant trough 14, the fastening device 17 prevents the tree from toppling over. To absorb the compressive forces, the plant trough 14 can, for example, be supported directly on the structural substrate 5. If necessary,

However, the fastening device 17 is designed to be pressure and tensile resistant.

As mentioned, the shaft arrangement 7 in the present embodiment comprises an inlet shaft 22 and a pump shaft 23. A pump 21 is provided in the pump shaft 23. This pump 21 can convey water collected in the tub 4 to the plant trough 14 or at least to an area above the fill level 12. As a result, water reaches the structural substrate 5 and, if necessary,

also into the tree substrate 15 to be stored there. This allows

The overall storage capacity of the arrangement can be improved. The transport of the

Water is supplied via an irrigation pipe 32.

The shaft in which the pump 21 is arranged, in the present case preferably in the pump shaft 23, extends to a low point of the tub 4, in particular to the lowest point of the tub 4. In the present embodiment, the tub 4, in particular its bottom, has a gradient that extends to the lowest point. In this area, the pump 21 can pump sufficient water even at a low fill level 12. If necessary, the pump distributes

21 the water in the tub 4 also via the distribution line 24.

The shaft arrangement 7, in this case the inlet shaft 22, has an actuating element 28. The actuating element 28 can, for example, be a multi-way valve or a flap. The actuating element 28 is intended to convey rainwater 1 optionally not into the tray 4, but directly into the channel 13. This is particularly necessary during winter operation of the arrangement, when water contaminated by de-icing agents enters the water inlet 8 on the sealed surface 2. This water, often containing salt, would damage the tree and must therefore be diverted directly into the channel 13. The actuation of this actuating element 28 can, for example, be manual. If necessary, however, an electric drive is provided for this purpose, which can also be operated remotely, for example. If necessary, the

Arrangement for this and other purposes a telecommunications facility 31.

The electrical energy can be provided either via a local power grid or via a photovoltaic system 30. The photovoltaic system 30 allows for energy-autonomous operation of the arrangement if necessary. The electrical energy of the photovoltaic system 30 can, for example, be used to operate the pump 21, to operate the telecommunications device 31 or to operate the

Actuating element 28 can be used.

To control the pump 21, a pump control 29 and, if necessary, a

The sensor can be, for example, a humidity sensor or a

The sensor can also be a temperature sensor. The pump control 29 can, if necessary, control the pump 21 for watering the

Control arrangement.

The tree ball 16 is, if necessary, secured by a suitable root ball anchoring

attached to the plant trough 14 or to the fastening device 17.

Fig. 2 shows an arrangement, in particular the arrangement from Fig. 1, in a schematic view from above, with concealed components also being shown. In the present case, the arrangement is arranged in the car parking area of a street. In particular, the arrangement has a dimension or a width that essentially corresponds to a car parking space. Rainwater 1 (not visible in the figure) drained from the sealed surface 2 can be guided into the trough 4 via a shaft arrangement 7. A structural substrate 5 is provided in the trough 4. The shaft arrangement 7 comprises a water outlet 10 that can guide water to the channel 13. In addition, the shaft arrangement 7 comprises a water supply 9, via which rainwater 1 can be guided into the trough 4 and in particular into its structural substrate 5. For distributing the water 1, a distribution line 24 can be provided, which extends annularly through the trough 4 and

in particular extends through the entire tub 4.

In the central area of the arrangement, the plant trough 14 is provided. This can be constructed and attached as shown in Fig. 1. The trough 4 or its structural substrate 5 can be covered from above by a covering layer 6 and in particular

of course also be covered with the plant trough 14.

The shaft arrangement 7 can in turn comprise a pump shaft 23 and a

Inlet shaft 22.

The components shown in Fig. 2 can be the components of Fig. 1

are equivalent to.

Claims (1)

Patent claims 1. Arrangement for the green retention of rainwater (1) in an area of a sealed urban surface (2) or a road surface with underground, piped infrastructure (3), comprising: - a root- and water-resistant tray (4) which extends at least partially or completely below the level of the sealed surface (2), - a structural substrate (5) arranged in the tub (4), which has gaps or pores and capillary properties for storing water and which is optionally covered from above with a covering layer (6), - a shaft arrangement (7) with a water inlet (8), a water supply (9) and at least one water outlet (10), - wherein the water inlet (8) is connected to a collector (11) for the rainwater (1) for receiving the rainwater (1) drained from the sealed surface (2), - and wherein the shaft arrangement (7) directs the collected rainwater (1) via the water supply (9) and optionally up to a certain fill level (12) into the tub (4) or drains excess or contaminated rainwater (1) via the water outlet (10) to a channel (13), characterized in that - that a plant trough (14) projecting upwards above the tub (4) is provided for receiving a tree substrate (15) and a tree ball (16) embedded in the tree substrate (15), - and that a fastening device (17) is provided for anchoring the tree ball (16) and the plant trough (14) in the area of the tub (4). 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant trough (14) rests and/or is supported on the structural substrate (5) from above. 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fastening device (17) comprises an anchor arrangement (18) which is connected on the one hand to the plant trough (14) and which on the other hand is anchored in the trough (4) and in particular via at least one anchor plate (19) in the structural substrate (5). 22 — 63033 — University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna (AT) Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the anchor arrangement (18) comprises a plurality of tension anchors (20) which engage the plant trough (14) via tension means such as tension rods. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaft arrangement (7) and in particular the water supply (9) comprises a pump (21) via which water located in the tub (4) is supplied to the plant trough (14) and optionally to the covering layer (6). Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in - that the shaft arrangement (7) comprises an inlet shaft (22) and a pump shaft (23), - and that the pump (21) is provided in the pump shaft (23) and the water inlet (8) is provided in the inlet shaft (22). Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one distribution line (24) is provided which extends through the structural substrate (5) for the distribution and/or collection of the water within the tub (4). Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the distribution line (24) is connected to the inlet shaft (22) and to the pump shaft (23). Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in - that one or the water outlet (10) is designed as an overflow (25), the position of which defines the fill level (12) of the accumulation of water in the tub (4), - wherein the position of the overflow (25) is designed to be height-adjustable if necessary in order to change the setting of the fill level (12). Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the trough (4), measured from the level of the sealed surface (2), projects into the ground to a maximum depth of 120 cm, preferably to a maximum depth of 100 cm and particularly preferably to a maximum depth of 80 cm. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 23 — 63033 — University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna (AT) Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the trough (4) has an extension along the sealed surface (2) of more than 5 m?, in particular of more than 10 m?*, optionally of 10 to 15 m? or optionally has the size of a car parking space. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that - the plant trough (14) has a diameter of 1 m to 2 m, - and/or that the plant trough (14) has a height of 0.5 to 2 m. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the trough (4) has a seal (26) made of an environmentally friendly material with a protective sheet and a mechanical protective layer (27) designed in particular as a drainage mat. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the collector (11) connected to the water inlet (8) is a slope of the sealed surface (2), a pipeline provided with a collector (11), an inlet shaft (22), lowered curbstones, an area with trough stones, or an asphalt or concrete edge. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the shaft arrangement (7) has a manual or remote- or radio-controlled actuating element (28) which, in a first position, directs rainwater (1) via the water supply (9) into the tub (4) and, in a second position, directs rainwater (1) contaminated, for example, by de-icing agents, via the water outlet (10) to a channel (13), bypassing the tub (4). Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a pump control (29) is provided which controls the pump (21): - depending on a time parameter, - and/or depending on a sensor parameter such as soil moisture, temperature profile and/or fill level (12) or water level. 18. 19. 24 — 63033 — University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna (AT) Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in - that a photovoltaic system (30) is provided for providing electrical energy, in particular for the pump (21), the actuating element (28) and/or the pump control (29), - In particular, that the arrangement is energy self-sufficient due to the photovoltaic system (30). Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in - that a telecommunications device (31) is provided which can send and/or receive data, - wherein the data are, for example, control data for the pump (21), control data for the actuating element (28) and/or sensor data recorded on the arrangement, such as water level or soil moisture. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in - that the covering layer (6) is a sealed surface (2) such as a pavement, - or that the covering layer (6) is a green layer, - or that the covering layer (6) is designed as a drivable, not fully sealed, i.e. partially open, surface.