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NZ758111B2 - Wood heating system and method - Google Patents

Wood heating system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
NZ758111B2
NZ758111B2 NZ758111A NZ75811118A NZ758111B2 NZ 758111 B2 NZ758111 B2 NZ 758111B2 NZ 758111 A NZ758111 A NZ 758111A NZ 75811118 A NZ75811118 A NZ 75811118A NZ 758111 B2 NZ758111 B2 NZ 758111B2
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
wood
length
electrode
wood length
control volume
Prior art date
Application number
NZ758111A
Other versions
NZ758111A (en
Inventor
William John Baxter Heffernan
Nurzhan Nursultanov
Herel Marinus Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Ryan Van
Original Assignee
William John Baxter Heffernan
Nurzhan Nursultanov
Herel Marinus Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Ryan Van
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by William John Baxter Heffernan, Nurzhan Nursultanov, Herel Marinus Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Ryan Van filed Critical William John Baxter Heffernan
Priority claimed from PCT/NZ2018/050029 external-priority patent/WO2018169415A1/en
Publication of NZ758111A publication Critical patent/NZ758111A/en
Publication of NZ758111B2 publication Critical patent/NZ758111B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K1/00—Damping wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0015—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
    • F26B23/06—Heating arrangements using electric heating resistance heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • F26B25/225—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects by repeated or continuous weighing of the material or a sample thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/353—Resistance heating, e.g. using the materials or objects to be dried as an electrical resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/46—Wood

Abstract

wood heating system comprises an electric power source (108), a first electrode assembly (104), a second electrode assembly (106), and a control system (112). The first electrode assembly (104) is connected to the electric power source (108) and is adapted to make electrical contact with a first end of a wood length (110) to apply electric power to the wood length (110). The first electrode assembly (104) comprises at least two electrode segments. The second electrode assembly (106) is adapted to make electrical contact with a second end of the wood length (110). The control system (112) is adapted to selectively connect/disconnect electric power flow between the electric power source (108) and at least one electrode segment of the first electrode assembly (104).

Claims (29)

1. Apparatus for determining different wood regions of a wood length, the apparatus comprising: 5 a first electrode assembly configured to connect to a first end of an elongate wood length and a second electrode assembly configured to connect to a second end of the wood length which is opposite to the first end, at least one of the first and second electrode assemblies comprising a plurality of electrode segments; 10 an electric power source configured to apply excitation to the first and second electrode assemblies, wherein each of the electrode segments includes an individual electrical connection to the electric power source; a controller configured to monitor the current or voltage in each segment to determine an electrode segment current or voltage distribution, and to derive 15 from the electrode segment current or voltage distribution at least one control volume, the or each control volume representing a volume of a wood region of the wood length.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine conductivity of the or each control volume. 20
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine one or more dimension(s) of the wood length or mass or volume of the wood length or moisture content or density of at least one of the or each control volume.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to 25 determine at least one power parameter and a temperature change in the at least one control volume
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the at least one power parameter includes one or more of a resistance of the at least one control volume, a voltage across the at least one control volume, a current through the at least one control 30 volume, a power dissipation density in the at least one control volume.
6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the wood region comprises a heartwood region heartwood or a sapwood region or intermediate or transition wood regions of the wood length and the one or more dimension(s) of the wood length include(s) one or more of a length of the wood length, a large end diameter, a small 5 end diameter, a heartwood diameter at the large end, a heartwood diameter at the small end of the wood length.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one control volume comprises one or more nodes along a calculated dimension of the first end or second 10
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine energy to be applied to the wood length for treating the wood length.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller determines the energy to be applied from a plurality of process parameters including one or more of electrical power, total energy, energy of an excitation period, number of excitation periods, 15 relaxation interval, number of control volumes in a heartwood region of the wood length, number of control volumes in a sapwood region of the wood length, multiplication coefficient for electrical conductivity.
10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more of the plurality of electrode segments further comprises a switch configured to disconnect current flow 20 through that segment.
11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein one or more of the plurality of electrode segments may be configured to produce an electronic signal proportional to a current through that segment if the switch is not fitted or is fitted and is closed, or voltage across the switch if the switch is fitted and is open. 25
12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to selectively connect/disconnect electric power flow between the electric power source and at least one electrode segment of the first and second electrode assemblies.
13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wood region comprises one or more of heartwood or sapwood or intermediate or transition wood regions of the 30 wood length.
14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of electrode segments comprise generally arcuate segments extending at least part of the way around a substantially flat face, the flat face configured to contact the ends of the wood length. 5
15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second electrode assemblies comprises tessellating, or otherwise juxtaposed, electrode segments of any shape and size on a face, the face configured to contact the first or second end of the wood length.
16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, further comprising one or more pad(s) 10 inserted between the face of either or both of the first and second electrode assemblies and the respective end(s) of the wood length.
17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the one or more pad(s) comprise a conformable material configured to be electrically conductive in itself, or non- 15 conductive but filled with electrically conductive material.
18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the one or more pad(s) are configured to be equally conductive in all directions or predominantly in the axial direction, and wherein the conductivity preferably being significantly equivalent to 20 the most conductive region of the wood length in the axial direction.
19. A method for determining different wood regions of an elongate wood length comprising: connecting a first electrode assembly to a first end of the wood length and connecting a second electrode assembly to a second end of the wood length 25 opposite to the first end, at least one of the first or second electrode assemblies comprising a plurality of electrode segments; and energizing the plurality of electrode segments of each electrode assembly to determine a current or voltage distribution from an electrical sensor in the plurality of electrode segments; and 30 deriving from the electrode segment current or voltage distribution at least one control volume, the or each control volume representing a volume of a wood region of the wood length.
20. The method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising determining the conductivity of the control volume.
21. The method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising determining a target temperature to estimate energy required to treat the wood length. 5
22. The method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising determining one or more wood length parameters including one or more dimensions of the wood length or mass or volume of the wood length or moisture content or density of the at least one control volume.
23. The method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising determining at least one 10 power parameter including one or more of a resistance of the at least one control volume, a voltage across the at least one control volume, a current through the at least one control volume, a power dissipation density in the at least one control volume.
24. The method as claimed in claim 19, further comprising selectively energizing or de- 15 energizing at least one electrode segment(s) of the first and second electrode assemblies.
25. An apparatus for treating an elongate wood length comprising: a controller configured to energize a first and a second electrode assembly, at least one of the first and second electrode assemblies comprising a plurality of electrode 20 segments, configured for connection to a first end of the wood length and a second end of the wood length opposite to the first end; a measurement system comprising electrical sensors associated with each of the plurality of electrode segments, the measurement system configured to determine a current or voltage distribution across the first and/or second end of the wood 25 length; a circuit configured to receive and transmit data from the measurement system to the controller; the controller being configured to determine from the data a plurality of process parameters including temperature and/or estimated energy required to heat the wood length to a target temperature; and 30 a treatment system configured to treat the wood length to the target temperature.
26. The apparatus as claimed in claim 25, wherein the plurality of process parameters include one or more of temperature, electrical power, total energy, energy of an excitation period, number of excitation periods, relaxation interval, number of control volumes in a heartwood region of the wood length, number of control volumes in a 5 sapwood region of the wood length, multiplication coefficient for electrical conductivity.
27. The apparatus as claimed in claim 25, wherein the treatment system comprises a wood heating apparatus configured to heat the wood length to the target temperature. 10
28. The apparatus as claimed in claim 25, wherein the include(s) data representing the present value of the current or voltage distributions.
29. The apparatus of claim 1 or claim 25, or the method of claim 19 substantially as herein described with reference to any embodiment disclosed.
NZ758111A 2018-03-14 Wood heating system and method NZ758111B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ73002517 2017-03-14
PCT/NZ2018/050029 WO2018169415A1 (en) 2017-03-14 2018-03-14 Wood heating system and method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ758111A NZ758111A (en) 2024-10-25
NZ758111B2 true NZ758111B2 (en) 2025-01-28

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