NL8700406A - VETERINARY PREPARATIONS. - Google Patents

Description

F ~~ '· «-1- VO 9026

Veterinary preparations.

The invention relates to. veterinary preparations and on their use as growth promoters in pets such as pigs, sheep, cows and poultry. The invention also relates to methods for improving the growth rate of these animals by improving their feed seloa yielding efficiency and / or increasing the ratio of lean meat to lean fat.

Due to the current desires of the user, it is desirable to breed leaner pets with a high ratio of lean meat to skeletal fat. By increasing the lean meat content and decreasing the fat content, the skeletons of the animals at slaughter are qualified to a higher standard.

It is particularly desirable to increase the lean meat content in pigs and to decrease the subcutaneous fat content, especially in pigs sensitive to increased fat deposition.

However, it is important that the quality of the tissues and the organoleptic qualities of the frameworks after slaughter are preserved.

British Pat. No. 1,392,889 discloses the use of certain S-adrenergic drugs to induce polyphagia in pets, causing them to gain weight at a greater rate than untreated animals by eating beyond the normal satiety level.

However, there is no evidence to suggest that the food conversion efficiency of the animals has increased and the reported very large increases in food intake suggest that in most cases the food conversion efficiency will be decreased, even though the (not reported) weight gain rates have increased. Nor is there any mention of the effect of the drugs on the ratio of lean meat content to the fat content of the skeletons, from which it can be deduced that such an effect occurs insignificantly.

The 8-adrenergic drugs have been reported to impart polyphagia over a wide range of daily intake, but a daily absorption range of 25 micrograms to 2.5 mg is preferred, consistent with the only results found in this British patent are listed. The above daily intake ranges are given for all meat producing animals without reference 57v 0 4 0 0 -2- Τ '* by species or weight and from this information it is not possible to determine the correct daily intake rate for a to derive a particular drug in relation to a particular class of animals for the induction of polyphony. It should be assumed that in practice a polyphagia-producing daily recording rate should be chosen based on a preliminary test.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that in the case of salbuta-mol, one of 0-adrenergic drugs for which results are reported in British Patent 1,392,889, administration with higher IQ daily absorption rates than those which appear to have been studied in relation to the induction of polyphagia leads to greater growth rates and / or greater lean meat to skeletal fat content without inducing polyphagia, thereby improving food conversion efficiency. In our experiments in pigs, the animals were fed ad libitum at a rate near the normal level or slightly below, which is generally accepted as about 1200 g of food per day for a 20 kg pig and 3200 g of food per day for a 90 kg pig (Nutrient Requirement of Pigs: Technical Review by the Agricultural Research 20 Council Working Party published by The Commonwealthe Agricultural Bureau, 1981). It was clearly demonstrated that a daily intake of salbutamol in the range of 2 to 10 ppm in the food led to increased growth rates as well as to improvements in meat quality without inducing polyphagia.

According to the present invention, there is therefore provided a method for improving the growth rate, the food conversion efficiency and / or. the ratio of skeletal lean meat to skeletal pet fat, comprising the administration to animals of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof at a daily intake level that exceeds the maximum daily intake for a significant induction of polyphagia.

Acid addition salts of salbutamol include salts with organic and inorganic acids. The preferred form of salbutamol for use in the method of the invention is salbutamol sulfate.

35 Polyphagia is a condition in which the satiety threshold in the individual is raised so that, in the case of an unlimited amount of food being offered, significantly larger amounts of food become β 7 i% fs? Λ £ ύ / y y ‘t U 0 _____ -3- consumed than normal. For practical purposes, it can be shown that polyphagia has been induced in a group of animals when the daily food intake of the group is significantly greater than that of a control group of closely related animals. Since biological variation is unavoidable, between individual animals, and even in an individual animal at different times, a significant level of polyphagia can only be determined from ad libitum food intake studies when the daily food intake of the groups of animals is measured over a period of time. average.

It has been observed that the method according to the invention is particularly effective in non-ruminants, and in particular in pigs.

The increase in the lean meat to fat content ratio is particularly favorable in the case of pigs sensitive to high fat deposits such as castrates and young sows and pigs that have generically more fat deposits such as the Yorkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, Cambo - rough blue and Saddleback strains and crosses thereof.

The salbutamol compound is preferably administered in the range of 5 to 400 micrograms / kg live weight per day. In general, it is preferred that the daily intake of salbutamol 20 is more than 30 micrograms / kg live weight, more preferably more than 40 micrograms / kg, especially when it comes to pigs- A preferred upper daily intake limit is 250 micrograms / kg. Optimal amounts vary slightly from species to species but can be easily determined.

The salbutamol compound is preferably administered orally, most preferably mixed with the food. A daily intake of the drug is preferred. In the case of pigs, the food is preferably administered over a period of at least 60 days and the animals can be fed ad libitum or to taste.

Such oral administration is in contrast to the parenteral mode of administration recommended in British Patent 1,392,889, in which induction of polyphagia and subsequent high and variable food intake levels would make milking controlled drug administration more difficult.

According to a particularly preferred feature of the invention, there is provided a method of increasing the growth rate, food conversion efficiency and / or the ratio of skeletal lean 870 9 40 8

: T

- meat to skeletal fat of pigs, comprising the administration to pigs of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof orally with a daily intake of more than 40 micrograms per kg.

The preferred concentration of salbutamol or salt thereof in the food for daily intake of the drug is 2 to 12 parts per million (ppm). This is in contrast to the recommended concentrations in British Pat. No. 1,392,889, which are in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 ppm, with the optimal results described corresponding to the lower end of this range.

According to a further feature of the invention, there is provided an animal feed composition for improving the growth rate and food conversion efficiency of pets, which composition contains from 2 to 12 parts per million of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof.

The concentration of salbutamol or salt thereof in the food compositions is more preferably less than 8 ppm, for example, in a range of 2-4 ppm, the most preferred range being 2-3 ppm.

At the higher concentrations of salbutamol or salt thereof, the food may be less palatable than the non-drug food.

In this case, it may be useful to mask the taste of the drug, for example, by incorporating flavors or by encapsulating the drug in an easier to digest material.

The commonly used feeds are various mixtures of high protein grains and raw materials, for example containing barley or corn mixed with soy or fish meal or similar materials with. high protein content. On the other hand, the animals can also be fed on food by-products such as skimmed milk, whey or bakery waste.

The feed compositions are usually prepared by mixing a premix to salbutamol or an acid addition salt such as salbutamol sulfate with, or incorporating in a sufficient amount of feed to obtain the desired concentration of the salbutamol compound in the feed. On the other hand, the premix can be supplemented with a mixture of vitamins / minerals / amino acids before it is included in the animal feed.

For commercial purposes, the premix may contain the active ingredient, mixed in a high concentration with a carrier material which is usually a desired component of the whole food, such as §70 0 40 6 -5-5 '' TT-- wheat flour, soybean meal , corn oil, ground corn, barley, mineral mixtures such as vermiculite or diatomaceous earth, corn gluten meal, solubles from corn distilleries, soy flour, calcium sulfate, limestone flour or calcium carbonate. The premixes can be, for example, a concentration of 0.01 to 2. Containing 0 wt% of the active ingredient, a preferred concentration being 0.4-1.0 wt% active ingredient. The premix or supplemented premix can be mixed with the complete feed, spread over the feed or dissolved in water. Preferably the premix is fed 10. as a concentrate containing 0.40% w / w salbutamol sulfate mixed with wheat flour up to 100.00% w / w. The dry mixture is agglomerated with water and dried, and the product is then screened and packed.

The preferred food including animal medicine, for example, poultry, pigs, cows and sheep will usually contain from 2 to 8 g of active ingredient per ton of food, the optimum amount being from about 2 to 4 g, preferably from 2 to 3 g per ton of food will amount to.

The non-medicated food is generally available from animal feed suppliers. The names and addresses of some of the 20 suppliers in the United Kingdom are given below:

Name of Feed Suppliers Address Dalgety Agriculture Ltd Dalgety House,

The Promenade,

Clifton,

25. ' Bristol, BS8 3 NJ

BOCM - Silcock Ltd Basing View,

Basingstoke Hants. RG21 2 EQ

J. Bibby Agriculture Ltd. Adderbury, Banbury,

30 Oxon. OC17 3HL

Tourist Office ·. j i 3 · ^ -6-

Example I.

Food composition.

Component 9ew.%.

Salbutamol sulfate 0.0002 wheat 59.69 barley 20.00 soybeans 18.50

Minerals / vitamins mixture 1.81 10 Example II.

Premix composition.

Component wt% amounts for a 500 kg batch.

Salbutamol sulfate 0.40 2.00 kg 15 wheat flour to 100.00 498.00 kg

The salbutamol sulfate is mixed with the wheat flour. The dry mixture is then agglomerated with water and dried. The product is then screened to remove under and over agglomerates, leaving 94% of particles with diameters between 150 µm and 1000 µm which are packed in multi-walled paper bags.

The premix is then thoroughly mixed into the whole food to a level of 0.5 kg to 0.75 kg of salbutamol sulfate premix per ton of food to obtain 2 - 3 ppm salbutamol sulfate, and continuously fed to pigs from about 6-10 kg live weight of the pigs.

Example III.

Food composition.

30 Basic diet.

Ingredients g / kg.

ground barley 739.3 soybean meal 44 175.3 whitefish meal 65.0 35 L-lysine hydrochloride 2.0 &

Vitamin-trace elements mixture 2.5 ground limestone 7.5 _ <} S 7 0 0 4 0 6 -7-.

Ingredients g / kg.

dicalcium phosphate 6.5 salt 1.9 5 Chemical composition (as lined).

dry matter 862.6 digestible energy (MJ / kg) 13.1 crude protein (g / kg) 190.0 total lysine (g / kg) 11.7 10 threonine (g / kg) 7.4 methionine + cystine (g / kg) 7.0 calcium (g / kg) 10.6 phosphorus (g / kg) 7.1

Na (g / kg) 2.0 15 Vitamin B12 (g / kg) 28.5. provides in each kg of diet 5000 IU of vitamin A, 1000 IU of cholecalciferol, 2.5mg - tocopherol acetate, 2.mg riboflavin, 5mg DL-calcium pantothenate, 5mg nicotinic acid, 6kg cyanocobalamin, 1mg vitamin 20D (menaphthon ), 125 mg Cu, 100 mg Zn, 40 mg Mn, 50 mg Fe, 0.5 mg Co, 2 rag I and 0.1 mg Se.

Food composition with drug.

Salbutamol sulfate was mixed with the base diet at a concentration of 2 ppm. Similar food compositions containing 4, 8 and 12 ppm of salbutamol sulfate can also be prepared.

Example IV.

Equal numbers of male pigs, castrate pigs and female pigs (of the pure type Large White) were fed individually ad libitum on the diet below containing 0, 2, 6 or 10 ppm salbutamol sulfate (12 pigs per group). The pigs were fed diets from about 20 kg body weight for 15 weeks.

The mean food intake (in grams) per pig per day and the mean increase in live weight (in grams) per pig per day were recorded after 5, 10 and 15 weeks.

The averages for each of these values with respect to each of δ 7 'i ·' gemiddelde .Λ $ jij ~ o 0> - · ν -8- the groups are listed below, food concentration mean mean food conversion food intake live yield (g feed (g per pig weight gain sel / g live ge per day) (g per pig weight gain) per day) 2 ppm salbutamol sulfate 2839 1023 2.78 6 ppm salbutamol sulfate 2771 1023 2.71 10 ppm salbutamol sulfate 2771 1038 2.67 10ppm salbutamol sulfate (controls) 2911 1000 2.91

The basic diet in the above procedure was as follows:

Basic diet.

15 Composition (% w / v) pig growth, pig finishing diet (<50 kg diet (<50 kg body weight) body weight) barley 40.51 40.51 wheat 10.00 10.00 20 maize 15.00 15.00 extracted soybean meal 14.50 11.50

Provimi 55 fish meal 3.50 2.50

Weatings 10, Q0 15.00 dicalcium phosphate 0.44 0.44 25 limestone meal 1.05 1.05 salt 0.25 0.25

Molasses 2.50 2.50 Fat premix (50%) 2.00 1.00 g * Mineral / Vitamin supplement 0.25 0.25 30

Theoretical analysis (%) oil 3.25 2.85 crude protein 16.95 15.66 fiber 4.48 4.61 35 total digestible nutrients 71.81 70.93 digestible energy [MJ / kg (approx] 13.00 12 , 75

Lysine 0.89 0.77 «/ h« 4 0 β -9- continued Theoretical analysis (%)

Methionine and cystine 0.56 0.51 calcium 0.87 0.81 phosphorus 0.60 0.59 salt 0.47 0.46 incorporating a copper supplement providing 175 ppm in growth diet, 100 ppm in finishing diet.

870 O'S?

Claims (19)

A method for improving the growth rate, food conversion efficiency and / or ratio of lean meat to skeletal pet fat, comprising administering to the animals salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof at a daily intake level exceeds the maximum daily intake for a significant induction of polyphagia. The method of claim 1, wherein salbutamol sulfate is used. The method of claim 1, wherein the pets are not ruminants. The method of claim 3, wherein the pets are pigs. The method of claim 4, wherein the pigs belong to species sensitive to high fat deposition. A method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pigs are young sows or castrates. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is administered in a daily intake range of 5-400 micrograms per kg live weight. The method of claim 7, wherein the salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is administered in a daily intake range of 30-250 micrograms per kg live weight. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the salbutamol or acid addition salt thereof is administered orally to the animal. The method of claim 9, wherein the salbutamol or acid addition salt thereof is administered to the animal in a mixture with the animal's food. The method of claim 10, wherein the concentration of salbutamol or acid addition salt thereof in the food is in the range of 2-12 parts per million. The method of claim 11, wherein the concentration of salbutamol or acid addition salt thereof in the food is in the range of 2-4 parts per million. Method for increasing growth rate, food conversion efficiency and / or the ratio of skeletal lean meat to skeletal fat of pigs, comprising administering to the pigs salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof by the oral route with a daily intake of more than 40 micrograms per kg. An animal feed composition for improving the growth rate and food conversion efficiency of pets, which composition contains 2-12 parts per million of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof. The composition of claim 14, wherein salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is present in a concentration up to 8 parts per 10 million. The composition of claim 14, wherein salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is present in a concentration range of 2-4 parts per million. A composition according to any one of claims 14 * - 16, comprising grain, high protein materials, food by-products, vitamins, minerals and / or amino acids. A pre-mix composition for the preparation of a composition according to any one of claims 14-17, containing salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof at a concentration in the range of 0.01 to 2.0 wt%. 19. A method of preparing an animal feed composition for improving the growth rate and food conversion efficiency of domestic animals, wherein salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is mixed with animal feed to a concentration in a range of. 2-12 parts of 25 per million. 87ü 0 4 0 o