NL2035615B1 - Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith - Google Patents
Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith Download PDFInfo
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- NL2035615B1 NL2035615B1 NL2035615A NL2035615A NL2035615B1 NL 2035615 B1 NL2035615 B1 NL 2035615B1 NL 2035615 A NL2035615 A NL 2035615A NL 2035615 A NL2035615 A NL 2035615A NL 2035615 B1 NL2035615 B1 NL 2035615B1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Title: Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith Abstract Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building, comprising a housing with a heat exchanger and at least a first inlet duct and a second inlet duct, a first outlet duct and a second outlet duct, a first air inlet, a second air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet. At a first side of the heat exchanger the first inlet duct connects the first air inlet with a first inlet side of the heat exchanger and the second outlet duct connects the second air outlet with a second outlet side of the heat exchanger. At a second side of the heat exchanger the second inlet duct connects the second air inlet with a second inlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet duct connects a first outlet side of the heat exchanger with the first air outlet. Within the heat exchanger the first inlet side is connected to the first outlet side by a first set of flow channels, and the second inlet side is connected to the second outlet side by a second set of flow channels, such that during use heat can be exchanged between air in the sets of flow channels. In at least one of the first inlet duct and the first outlet duct at least one first ventilator is provided and in at least one of the second inlet duct and the second outlet duct at least one second ventilator is provided.
Description
P134096NL00
Title: Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith
The invention relates to ventilation systems for mounting in a wall of a building.
For buildings, such as residential or office buildings, ventilation is important for maintaining a comfortable and healthy climate within the building. To this end it is known to provide a building with a duct system for distributing air coming into the building to different spaces inside the building, and removing air from said spaces. A central ventilator and heat exchanger can be provided, connected to the duct system, for retracting warmth from the removed air and feeding said warmth to the incoming air, making the system environmentally more efficient. Such system is however expensive, requires relatively much space and infra structure within the building and is hard to install in existing buildings.
In order to overcome some of the problems of this known system it has been proposed to provide spaces within a building with individual ventilation systems, provided in an outside wall of such space, such that outside air can be fed directly into said space and inside air can be removed from the space and be expelled outside of the building. Such systems can be passive systems, such as ventilation grates in a door or window, or in a wall, but this makes the system environmentally unfriendly, because during the heating season with the inside air also warmth is expelled. Moreover such ventilation system depends entirely on pressure differences over the ventilation grate for creating air flow. In order to overcome this disadvantage 1s known to use active systems, in which a ventilator is used for actively creating air flow, wherein a heat exchanger is used for retrieving energy from the air being expelled and feeding said energy to incoming air.
When the temperature outside 1s higher than inside the opposite will occur.
A known active ventilation system is known as a push-pull system, and is known for example under the trademark Lunos. In such system two separate openings are provided in an outside wall of a space, said openings being spaced apart from each other. For each opening a ventilator is provided, as well as a ceramic heat exchanger block with a large number of channels extending there through, which channels all have a relatively low flow resistance. Therefore axial ventilators can be used, which are relatively cheap but have a limited capacity for creating pressure. During use each of the two ventilators is alternatingly driven in a first direction and in an opposite second direction, such that in the first direction the ventilator blows outside air into the space and in the second direction the ventilator blows air out of said space. By controlling the ventilators such that a first of the two ventilators is rotated in the first direction while the second ventilator is driven in the second direction and vice versa, an air flow in the space can be obtained.
In such push-pull system the air flowing out of the space during a first period passes through the channels in the relevant ceramic block and warms the block by transferring thermal energy to the block, during the time of the first period. Then the ventilator is stopped and its direction of rotation 1s reversed, after which during a second period outside air is forced through the channels in the block, which outside air is warmed by the heat stored in said block, at the same time cooling the block. Then at the end of the second period the ventilator is stopped again, and its direction of rotation is once again reversed, in order to start a new first period. The first period and the second period are the same length. At the same time the other ventilator is operated with the same regime, but in opposed phase, such that the first ventilator is driven in the first direction while the second ventilator is driven in the second direction and vice versa.
The push-pull ventilation systems have the advantage that they are easy to install and are relatively cheap. A disadvantage of these known systems 1s however that they use axial ventilators, which have a low capacity. Relatively low wind pressure acting on an outside of the building on the ventilation system will prevent air from being expelled from the building properly. Moreover, such wind pressure will allow cold outside air to be blown directly into the relevant space. Furthermore, such known systems are relatively noisy, especially at higher rotational speed of the ventilators. A user can set the rotational speed of the ventilators, for example using a wall mounted control. Increasing speed of the ventilator will increase air flow but will also increase the noise level undesirably. A further disadvantage of these push-pull systems is that the ventilators have to be stopped periodically, in order to reverse the rotational direction, for example each minute. This again increases the noise level and moreover reduces the effective ventilation time and thus the efficiency of the system.
Furthermore, due to inter alia the low resistance of the channels and the limited time available for heat transfer between the block and the air flow, the efficiency of the heat transfer is also relatively low, for example 40% or less. Another disadvantage of these systems is that the rate of refreshing inside air for outside air is relatively low, for example 50% or less, which results in less favorable inside air quality.
An aim of the present disclosure can be to provide a ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building, wherein at least one of the disadvantages of a push-pull system as disclosed is at least partly overcome.
In this description in a wall should be understood as at least including partly in and partly on a wall, wherein a wall can be any separation between in inside space and an outside space. An aim of the disclosure can be to provide a ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building, as an alternative to a push-pull system. An aim of the present disclosure can be to provide a ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building, which is more efficient than known push-pull systems, for example in use of energy and/or in heat exchange. An aim of the present disclosure can be to provide a ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building, which has a relatively low noise level during use. An aim of the present disclosure can be to provide a method for ventilating a space in a building.
At least one of these and other aims can be obtained at least in part using a ventilation system and/or a method according to the disclosure.
In an aspect a ventilation for mounting in a wall of a building can comprise a housing with a heat exchanger and at least a first inlet duct and a second inlet duct, a first outlet duct and a second outlet duct, a first air inlet, a second air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet. At a first side of the heat exchanger the first inlet duct connects the first air inlet with a first inlet side of the heat exchanger and the second outlet duct connects the second air outlet with a second outlet side of the heat exchanger. At a second side of the heat exchanger the second inlet duct connects the second air inlet with a second inlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet duct connects a first outlet side of the heat exchanger with the first air outlet. Within the heat exchanger the first inlet side is connected to the first outlet side by a first set of flow channels, and the second inlet side is connected to the second outlet side by a second set of flow channels, such that during use heat can be exchanged between air in the first set of flow channels and the second set of flow channels. In at least one of the first inlet duct and the first outlet duct at least one first ventilator is provided and in at least one of the second inlet duct and the second outlet duct at least one second ventilator is provided.
In a system according to the disclosure oppositely directed air flows can be generated simultaneously through the heat exchanger, actively exchanging heat, increasing efficiency of the system. With a system according to the disclosure up to 100% of the time air in the space can be refreshed and heat can be exchanged between outside air fed into the space and inside air being expelled from the space.
In advantageous embodiments the housing comprises a tubular portion, wherein at least part of the first inlet duct and the second outlet duct extend through said tubular portion, in a side-by-side relationship. The tubular portion preferably has a substantially circular cross section. 5 In such embodiments only one hole has to be made through an outside wall or fitting the tubular portion.
It should be understood that in the disclosure a wall should be understood as including for example doors and windows. A ventilation system according to the disclosure can for example be mounted in a door or window.
A heat exchanger for use in a system according to the disclosure is preferably a flow through heat exchanger comprising said first set of flow channels and said second set of flow channels, the first and second flow channels separated from each other. The heat exchanger further comprises metal heat conducting wire elements extending across channels of the first set of flow channels and channels of the second set of flow channels, such that during use heat is transferred via the metal wire elements from air flowing through the first set of flow channels to air flowing through the second set of flow channels or vice versa.
More preferably the wire elements have a longitudinal axis extending in substantially parallel orientation relative to each other, at least partly across any one of the first and second air inlet side and the first and second air outlet side of the heat exchanger, wherein the distance between adjacent wire elements is preferably between 2 and 20 times the largest cross sectional dimension of the wire elements, perpendicular to said longitudinal axis.
In embodiments a heat exchanger of a ventilation system of the disclosure has a main plane having a length direction and a width direction, preferably perpendicular to the length direction, wherein on a first side of the heat exchanger, the first inlet side is provided at a first side of the main plane and the second outlet side is provided at an opposite second side of the main plane. At an opposite second side of the heat exchanger the second inlet side is provided at the first side of the main plane and the first outlet side is provided at the second side of the main plane, wherein the length direction of the main plane extends substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of a housing portion in which the heat exchanger is provided.
Such embodiment allows for a compact build, wherein effective heat exchange can be provided, whereas the system can be easily installed.
In a system according to the disclosure at least one of the ventilators can be an axial ventilator. In such embodiment preferably both the first and second ventilator are axial ventilators. In alternative embodiments at least one of the ventilators can be an centrifugal ventilator.
In such embodiment preferably both the first and second ventilator are centrifugal ventilators.
In embodiments the housing can be substantially tubular, preferably having a substantially circular cross section, the housing having a longitudinal direction, wherein the heat exchanger is provided in the housing, sealing against an inner surface of the housing, separating an inner volume of the housing in at least an outer end portion and an inner end portion. At the outer end portion a first separating wall extends from the heat exchanger in said longitudinal direction, separating the outer end portion in the first inlet duct and the second outlet duct, and wherein the inner end portion comprises the second inlet duct and the first outlet duct.
Such embodiments are compact and need only one opening in the wall for mounting. Such embodiments are easy to manufacture and maintain and operate, and will have a high energy efficiency, whereas the ventilators can operate with relative little noise.
The disclosure further relates to a method for ventilating a space in a building, wherein in a wall of said space a ventilation system is provided, comprising a housing with a heat exchanger and at least a first inlet duct and a second inlet duct, a first outlet duct and a second outlet duct, a first air inlet, a second air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, wherein at a first side of the heat exchanger the first inlet duct connects the first air inlet with a first inlet side of the heat exchanger and the second outlet duct connects the second air outlet with a second outlet side of the heat exchanger. At a second side of the heat exchanger the second inlet duct connects the second air inlet with a second inlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet duct connects a first outlet side of the heat exchanger with the first air outlet. Within the heat exchanger the first inlet side is connected to the first outlet side by a first set of flow channels, and the second inlet side is connected to the second outlet side by a second set of flow channels, such that during use heat can be exchanged between air in the first set of flow channels and the second set of flow channels. In at least one of the first inlet duct and the first outlet duct at least one first ventilator 1s provided and in at least one of the second inlet duct and the second outlet duct at least one second ventilator is provided. The first ventilator and the second ventilator are each driven in a single direction, such that between the first inlet and the first outlet a first flow of air is obtained through the heat exchanger, and between the second inlet and the second outlet a second flow of air is obtained, directed oppositely to the first air flow.
For a better understanding of the disclosure various embodiments of ventilating systems, methods and heat exchangers for use in such system and methods will be described hereafter, and aspects thereof, with reference to the drawings. Therein shows schematically:
Fig. 1 in cross section a general configuration of embodiments of a system according to the disclosure;
Fig. 2 in cross section an embodiment of a system according to the disclosure;
Fig. 3 in cross section an alternative embodiment of a system according to the disclosure;
Fig. 4 and 5 perspective views of an embodiment of a system of the disclosure,
Fig. 6 in cross sectional side view a fine wire heat exchanger for use in a system of the disclosure;
Fig. 6A and 6B sectional view of a heat exchanger of fig. 6, along the lines VIA — VIA and VIB — VIB respectively in fig. 6;
Fig. 7 in perspective, partly exploded view of a further embodiment of a system according to the disclosure, with partly broken away housing;
Fig. 8 in cross section a further embodiment of a system according to the disclosure, with separate inlet and outlet through a wall;
Fig. 8A in perspective view a system according to fig. 8, with a cover and heat exchanger removed; and
Fig. 8B the system of fig. 8 and 8A, with the heat exchanger in position, without a cover;
Fig. 9 a cross-sectional view of a general configuration of embodiments of a system according to the disclosure, similar to that as shown in fig. 1, wherein a controller and sensors are shown; and
Fig. 10 a comparative graph of different fan types and heat exchangers, according to the prior art and according to the present disclosure.
The embodiments shown in the drawings and described in the following description are only shown and described as examples in order to better understand the claimed invention, and should not be considered as
Limiting the scope of the disclosure in any way or form. In the drawings the same or similar parts have the same or similar reference signs.
The disclosure is directed to ventilation systems for mounting in a wall of a building, wherein the system comprises a housing with a heat exchanger and at least a first inlet duct and a second inlet duct, a first outlet duct and a second outlet duct, a first air inlet, a second air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet. In this description “in a wall” should be understood as at least meaning that at least part of the system extends into and/or through a wall, whereas part of the system may be mounted on a wall or spaced apart from said wall. In this description a wall should be understood at least as a separation between one space and an adjacent space, such as between an inside space and an outside space. A wall can for example be a brick, wood and/or concrete separation, a door or a window between a chamber in a building and the outside of said building. In this description a duct should be understood at least as any passage of any axial length and any diameter, fluidly connecting for example a space or area or part of a system with another space or area or part of the same or a different system. In this description heat exchange should be understood as meaning at least exchange of heat between two air flows, wherein heat can be transferred from a relatively warm first flow to a relatively cool second flow, wherein the first flow can either be a flow into a building or a flow leaving the building, whereas the second flow will have the opposite direction of the first flow.
At a first side of the heat exchanger the first inlet duct connects the first air inlet with a first inlet side of the heat exchanger and the second outlet duct connects the second air outlet with a second outlet side of the heat exchanger. At a second side of the heat exchanger the second inlet duct connects the second air inlet with a second inlet side of the heat exchanger and the first outlet duct connects a first outlet side of the heat exchanger with the first air outlet.
In this description a first side and a second side should be understood as at least meaning spaced apart sides of a system, such as for example but not limited to opposite sides of a system, or sides facing in different directions, such as but not limited to opposite directions. In this description for example a first side can be a side of the system facing an internal space of a building, and the second side can be a side of the system facing outward of the building, for example in an outside space, or vice versa.
Within the heat exchanger the first inlet side is connected to the first outlet side by a first set of flow channels, and the second inlet side is connected to the second outlet side by a second set of flow channels, such that during use heat can be exchanged between air in the first set of flow channels and air in the second set of flow channels.
According to the disclosure in at least one of the first inlet duct and the first outlet duct at least one first ventilator is provided and in at least one of the second inlet duct and the second outlet duct at least one second ventilator is provided. With the ventilators air can be fed through the system, especially through the heat exchanger, in opposing directions, such that a counterflow or counter current system is provided, allowing for highly efficient heat exchange.. Air fed through the system in a first direction can thereby exchange heat with air flowing in the opposite direction. For example, air fed from an outside space into a space in a building can be heated by air flowing from such internal space of the building out of the building.
Fig. 1 shows schematically a system 1 according to the disclosure, or at least a relevant part thereof, in cross section. Fig. 1 shows a housing 2 with a heat exchanger 3 and at least a first inlet duct 4 and a second inlet duct 5, a first outlet duct 6 and a second outlet duct 7, a first air inlet 8, a second air inlet 9, a first air outlet 10 and a second air outlet 11.
At a first side 12 of the heat exchanger 3 the first inlet duct 4 connects the first air inlet 8 with a first inlet side 13 of the heat exchanger 3 and the second outlet duct 7 connects the second air outlet 11 with a second outlet side 14 of the heat exchanger 3. At a second side 15 of the heat exchanger 3 the second inlet duct 5 connects the second air inlet 9 with a second inlet side 16 of the heat exchanger 3 and the first outlet duct 6 connects a first outlet side 17 of the heat exchanger with the first air outlet 10.
In the embodiments shown the first side 12 and second side 15 are shown as opposite sides of the system, such that during use a first side 12 can be facing an outside space OUT of a building B, whereas the opposite second side 15 can be facing a space IN inside the building B, or vice versa.
The first and second sides 12, 15 are shown directly opposite each other but these could also be angled relative to each other, for example but not limited to by using a bent or angled housing, or by providing in- and outlets 8, 9, 10 and/or 11 in a side of the housing 2.
Within the heat exchanger 3 the first inlet side 13 is connected to the first outlet side 17 by a first set of flow channels 18. The second inlet side 16 is connected to the second outlet side 14 by a second set of flow channels 19. Thus during use heat can be exchanged between air in the first set of flow channels 18, represented by the first arrow 20 and air in the second set of flow channels 19, represented by the second arrow 21 pointing in the opposite flow direction of the first arrow 20, as will be discussed further.
In at least one of the first inlet duct 4 and the first outlet duct 6 at least one first ventilator 22 is provided and in at least one of the second inlet duct 5 and the second outlet duct 7 at least one second ventilator 23 is provided. In the embodiment of fig. 1 the first ventilator 22 is provided in the first inlet duct 4 and the second ventilator 23 is provided in the second outlet duct 7.
In the embodiment of fig. 1 the first and second ventilator 22, 23 are both shown as centrifugal ventilators, which have a relatively high capacity, especially compared to a similarly sized axial ventilator using similar energy. Moreover centrifugal ventilators are advantageous over axial ventilators in that they can generate relatively much pressure compared to a similarly sized and energized axial ventilator. Especially over bi-directional axial ventilators as used in the prior art Push-Pull systems.
This is important since during use wind in the outside space OUT will act on the side of the system facing outward, especially on the second air outlet 11, such that back pressure will be generated on the relevant ventilator, especially the second ventilator 23. It has been found that by using an radial or centrifugal ventilator this can be more easily overcome. It should however be understood that also one or both of the ventilators could be axial ventilators, especially single direction axial ventilators. In embodiments centrifugal ventilators can be used, as will be discussed.
In fig. 1 in broken lines two ventilators 22A, 23A are shown, which could be provided instead of the first and/or second ventilators 22, 23, or in addition to the first and second ventilators 22, 23.
As is shown in fig. 1, preferably the first set of channels 18 and the second set of channels 19 cross each other, such that the first flow of aor 20 and second flow of air 21 pass each other in a way that heat can be exchanged between said air flows. For example air 20 flowing in from the outside space OUT can be heated by heat from air 21 flowing out of an inner space IN to the outer space OUT. A heat exchanger 3 for use in a system 1 according to the disclosure preferably is a heat exchanger with a relatively low air resistance and a relatively large contact surface for exchanging heat.
A heat exchanger 3 for use in a system 1 according to the disclosure is preferably a flow through heat exchanger 3 comprising said first set of flow channels 18 and said second set of flow channels 19. In fig. 6 and 6A and 6B schematically an embodiment of such heat exchanger 3 is shown. A heat exchanger 3 for use in a system 1 according to the disclosure is preferably a fine wire type heat exchanger, such as for example known from
NL9301439, herein incorporated by reference for at least a better understanding of the construction and functioning of a fine wire heat exchanger.
In the heat exchanger 3 the first and second flow channels 18, 19 are separated from each other. The heat exchanger 3 further preferably comprises heat conducting elements 24, such as preferably metal wire elements 24 extending across channels of the first set of flow channels 18 and channels of the second set of flow channels 19, such that during use heat is transferred from air flowing through the first set of flow channels 18 to air flowing through the second set of flow channels 19 or vice versa, as discussed. The wire elements 14 have a longitudinal axis L extending in substantially parallel orientation relative to each other, at least partly across any one of the first 13 and second air inlet side 16 and the first 17 and second air outlet side 14 of the heat exchanger 3, which should be understood as that air will pass across in between said wire elements 24.
The distance d between adjacent wire elements 24 is for example between 2 and 10 times, for example between 3 and 5 times the largest cross sectional dimension, such as diameter D of the wire elements 24, measured perpendicular to said longitudinal axis L. For example, but not limited to, the wire element can have a cross sectional dimension D of 0.1 mm, whereas a distance d between the wires perpendicular to the flow direction can be for example 0.5 mm and the distance d between wires in the direction of flow can for example be 0.5 mm. These values are only provided by way of example. By choosing the number of wire elements and the dimensions thereof, and distances between said wire elements measure in a direction of flow and in a direction perpendicular to said flow through the heat exchanger the characteristic of the heat exchanger, especially the pressure- flow curve, can be adjusted, such that the said characteristics can be adjusted to the pressure-flow curves of the ventilators used. By choosing the distance between adjacent wire elements appropriately, and not too small, compared to the wire elements themselves, it has been found that condensation will be less of a problem or even beneficial to the system. By choosing the distance between the wires appropriately, such that when condensation occurs during use, for example because the temperature of the relevant air flow drops below the thaw point, the condensate will not disappear due to capillary action of the adjacent wires. By choosing the distance between the wires not too small, condensate will form as droplets hanging from the wires, which will reduce the efficiency of the heat exchanger and hence of the system. This can be detected by measuring the temperatures of the air flows at the first inlet, first outlet, second inlet and second outlet, and comparing a temperature difference between the first inlet and the first outlet on the one hand and the second inlet and second outlet on the other. When such efficiency drop is detected at least one of the flows (into the building or out of the building) can be adjusted, preferably such that the temperature of the air flow going out of the building is raised above the thaw point.
A fine wire heat exchanger has the advantage that it is easy to construct and has a relatively low air resistance, which can be easily adapted when manufacturing the heat exchanger elements, for example by selecting thinner or thicker wires, wires having a larger diameter D and/or by increasing or decreasing the distance d. A heat exchanger for use in a system of the disclosure for example has a flow resistance of between 5 and 75 Pa, measured at a flow of between 10 and 60 mh.
In fig. 1 the system 1 is shown mounted in an opening 26 in a wall 25, preferably an outside wall 25, such that air can be fed from the outside space OUT into the space IN inside the building and vice versa through the system 1. A control 27 1s connected to or part of the system 1, with which the system can be controlled, for example by switching one or more of the ventilators 22, 23, 23A, 23B if present on and off or modulating ventilator(s), for example based on input from sensors inside and/or outside the building, schematically shown as squares 28 and 29. When operating a system 1 according to the disclosure the ventilators 22, 23 can be driven each in a single direction. Their direction of rotation and hence their direction of feeding air does not have to be reversed periodically, as is needed in the prior art Push-Pull systems as for example made available by Lunos. This has the advantage that for example the efficiency is highly increased because there is no loss in time because of reversing the direction of rotation, whereas it is also not necessary to store heat in a heat exchanger in a first period of time and withdrawing part of said heat stored in a next, second period, which will necessarily also lead to loss of heat in the interval between storing and withdrawing, whereas it is impossible to withdraw all heat stored. In a heat exchanger of a system of the disclosure the heat is preferably directly exchanged in the counterflows. A further advantage of a system according to the disclosure compared to a prior art “push-pull” system as known from e.g. Lunos is that only one such system 1 is necessary for each space IN, instead of two such systems for each space IN. A system according to the disclosure can also be relatively silent.
In the embodiment shown the first ventilator 22 will be rotated such that it draws air from the outside space OUT and push it through the heat exchanger 3, whereas the second ventilator 23 will be rotated such that it draws air from the inside space IN through the heat exchanger 3 and pushes it to the outside space OUT. In general, with a system 1 according to the disclosure air inside the space IN inside the building can, if desired, be constantly refreshed, retrieving heat from the air before expelling it to the outside space OUT when the temperature of air in the outside space OUT is lower than the temperature of the air in the inside space IN, thus keeping the inside space IN relatively warm. If, for example during summer, the air temperature in the outside space OUT is higher than in the inside space IN, heat may be retrieved from the air flowing into the inside space IN, to be transferred to the air flow being expelled from the inside space IN into the outside space OUT, thus effectively keeping the inside space IN relatively cool.
Fig. 2 shows schematically an alternative configuration of a system 1 according to the disclosure, mounted in an opening 26 in a wall 25. In this embodiment the housing 1 comprises a tubular part 1A extending through the opening 26, with at the first side 12 an outer part 1B connected to or integral with the tubular part 1A, for positioning against an outside of the wall 25. At the opposite second side 13, inside the space IN in the building, an inner housing part 1C is connected to or integral with the tubular part 1A, housing the heat exchanger 3 and the first ventilator 22 and the second ventilator 23. In this embodiment a, preferably air tight, separating wall 27 extends from the heat exchanger 3 through the tubular part 1A and the outer part 1B, forming the first inlet duct 4 and the second outlet duct 7. In fig. 2 the system is shown in a position in which the first inlet duct 4 is at a side of the system 1 facing up, the second outlet duct 7 at a side facing down. However, by rotating the system this can be positioned differently.
In this embodiment the heat exchanger is, by way of example, shown as having a substantially diamond shaped cross section, with a short axis A; extending substantially parallel to the separating wall 27, for example horizontally, whereas a long axis A2 extends for example substantially parallel to the wall 25. In fig. 2 the heat exchanger 3 has the first inlet side 13 at the upper right hand side, the second inlet side 16 at the upper left hand side. The first outlet side 17 is provide at the lower left hand side, the second outlet side 14 at the lower right hand side. The first set of channels 18 again extends between the first inlet side 13 and first outlet side 17, the second set of channels between the second inlet side 16 and second outlet side 14. In this embodiment the first ventilator 22 is provided in the first inlet duct 4, tilted relative to the axis A;. The second ventilator 23 is also tilted relative to said axis Ai, in the opposite direction.
This allows for a compact build.
In the embodiment of fig. 2 the second inlet duct 5 extends upward, for example substantially parallel to the wall 25, with the second air inlet 9 at the top. The first outlet duct 6 extends in opposite direction, downward, with the first air outlet 10 facing down. During use fresh air, coming from the outside space OUT thus passes through the heat exchanger and 1s pushed into the inside space IN through the first outlet 10, in downward direction, by the first ventilator 22, whereas stale air is pulled out of said inside space IN through the second air inlet 9 and through the heat exchanger 3 by the second ventilator 23.
In embodiments like that of fig. 2 the first air inlet 8 and the second air outlet 11 can be provided with slats 30 or the like, for guiding air flow. In fig. 2 the slats 30 are angled such that stale air is guided substantially downward by the slats, largely or entirely preventing the stale air from being pulled into the first inlet opening 8. The housing, especially the inner part 1C is preferably insulated, especially providing at least sound insulation and/or heat insulation.
In a system1 according to the disclosure preferably a heat exchanger has a main plane A; having a length direction and a width direction perpendicular to the length direction, wherein on a first side of the heat exchanger 3 the first inlet side 13 is provided at a first side of the main plane A; and the second outlet side 17 1s provided at an opposite second side of the main plane A,, and at the second side of the heat exchanger 3 the second inlet side 16 is provided at the first side of the main plane and the first outlet side 17 is provided at the second side of the main plane Aj, wherein the length direction Q of the main plane extends substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of a housing portion in which the heat exchanger 3 is provided., which in fig. 2 for example extends parallel to an axis C of the opening 26. Preferably each inlet opening 13, 16, and each outlet opening 17, 14 is provided in a plane enclosing an angle with the length direction A; of the main plane between 90 and 30 degrees, preferably between 90 and 45 degrees, such as between 90 and 60 degrees, wherein said planes in side view preferably substantially form a rhombus or diamond shape or a hexagonal shape, as e.g. shown in fig. 2 — 8.
Fig. 6 shows a heat exchanger suitable for use in a system of the disclosure, in cross sectional side view, whereas fig. 6A and 6B show cross section of the heat exchanger along the parallel planes VIA and VIB. In fig. 6 the main plane A; of a heat exchanger 3 is indicated by the line A;. Said main plane extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, parallel to the planes VIA and VIB. Inside a housing 31 of the heat exchanger 3 a series of vertically extending partly open core elements 32 are provided, wherein around each core element or combination of core elements at least one metal wire 24 has been wound, with distances d between adjacent wires 24.
As can be seen in fig. 6 and 6B in a lower half of the heat exchanger, below the plane Ai, at the right lower hand side a first series of wall elements 33 is provided, spaced apart from each other, such that between said wall elements 33 a series of first openings 34 is provided, in this embodiment forming the first inlet side 13 of the heat exchanger. At the opposite left hand lower side a second series of wall elements 35 is provided, arranged such that they are directly opposite the first openings 34 between the first series of wall elements 33. Between the wall elements 35 again a series of second openings 36 is provided, which are positioned directly opposite the wall elements of the first series. The second openings 36 in this embodiment form the second inlet side 16 of the heat exchanger.
The top half of the heat exchanger is the same as the lower half, but inverted, such that, as shown in fig. 6 and fig. GA in the top half of the heat exchanger 3 at the upper left hand side a third series of wall elements 37 1s provided, directly above the second openings 36 between the second series of wall elements 35. A third series of openings 38 is provided between the third series of wall elements 37, in this embodiment forming the first outlet side 17 of the heat exchanger 3. At the opposite upper right hand side a fourth row of wall elements 39 is provided, directly above the first openings 34 between the first series of wall elements 33. Between the fourth wall elements 39 a fourth series of openings 40 is provided, in this embodiment forming the second outlet side 16 of the heat exchanger.
As can be seen in fig. 6, 6A and 6B a first flow of air 20 can pass through the first openings 34 into the heat exchanger and is forced through the openings between the wire elements 24 and up between the core elements 32 towards the third row of openings 38, and is expelled, for example into an inner space IN. At the same time a second flow 21 of air passes into the heat exchanger 3 through the second openings 36 and is forced through the openings between the wire elements 24 and up between the core elements 32 towards the fourth row of openings 40, to be expelled, for example into an outside space OUT.
While passing between the wire elements 24 the second flow 21 of air will dissipate heat to the wire elements 24, which will pass the heat along the wire elements 24, whereas the first flow 21 of air, when being cooler, will absorb the heat from the wire elements 24, and will thus be heated. As indicated, the general principle of such this wire heat exchanger 1s known from NL9301439.
The heat exchanger comprises at least a housing 41 and at least one and preferably a series of core portions or elements 32, having a main plane extending vertically in fig. 6, wherein at least part of the first and second set of channels 18, 19 is provided at least partly in said at least one core portion. At least one metal wire 24 has been wound around said at least one core portion. As shown in fig. 6 the core elements 32 are provided behind each other, with their main planes parallel to each other. Separating elements are provided extending between adjacent wires24, extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the wires 24. The separating elements can for example be further core elements 32, rods, strips or the like, preventing air from passing.
Fig. 3 shows, in cross section, an embodiment of a system 1 according to the disclosure, wherein the housing 2 is substantially tubular, preferably having a circular cross section substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A — A. Thus a hole 26 can easily be drilled in the wall 25, including through insulation 25A if provided therein, for fitting the system 1. In this embodiment again a separating wall 27 extends through the housing 2. A first part 27A of the separating wall separates a first portion of the housing 2, at an outward facing end, into the first inlet duct 4 and the second outlet duct 7, whereas a second part 27B of the separating wall 27 separates an opposite second portion of the housing 2 into the second inlet duct 5 and the first outlet duct 6. In this embodiment a heat exchanger 3, as for example shown in fig. 6, is provided in the housing 2, between the first and second separating wall portions 27A, 27B. The housing of the heat exchanger closes off against the inside of the tubular housing 2, such that all air flows 20, 21 passing through the housing 2 will pass through the heat exchanger 3. In this embodiment the first ventilator 22 is placed inside the first inlet duct 4, the second ventilator 23 provided in the second outlet duct 7. Like in the embodiment of fig. 2 the first and second ventilator 22, 23 are positioned at an angle relative to the separating wall 27, which means that the rotation axis of the ventilator is at an angle relative to the separating wall 27. This has the advantage that ventilators 22, 23 can be used having a relatively large diameter W compared to the diameter Z of the housing 2.
The housing 2 comprises at the first side 12, in the outside space
OUT, the outer part 1B comprising the first air inlet 8 and the second air outlet 11. At the opposite second side 15 the housing 2 comprises, in the inside space IN, the inner part 1C comprising the second air inlet 9 and the first air outlet 10. Preferably in a system 1 of the disclosure at least one of the inner part 1C and the outer part 1B of the housing can be removed, for accessing the ventilators 22, 23 and/or the heat exchanger.
Fig. 4 and 5 a perspective view of an embodiment of a system 1 of the disclosure is show, similar to that of e.g. fig. 3, comprising the tubular housing portion 1A and end portions 1B, 1C. The housing 2 is shown transparent in order to show its contents. In this embodiment the heat exchanger 3 has a circular flange 3A sealing against the inside of the housing part 1A, and a peripheral horizontal flange 3B between the upper part and the lower part of the heat exchanger. At the inward facing side of the heat exchanger a separating wall 27 first against the flange 3B, whereas at the opposite side of the housing the flange 3B first against a flange 3D provided in or by the end portion 1B. Thus the inlet ducts 4, 5 and the outlet ducts 6, 7 are formed. In this embodiment the first ventilator 22 is provided in the second inlet duct 5, and the second ventilator 23 1s provided in the first outlet duct 6, and are therefore provided at the side of the system facing the inside space IN. Thus the ventilators 22, 23 can be easily accessed by removing the end portion 1C. The end portions 1B, 1C again comprise the air inlets and air outlets.
In this embodiment the first ventilator 22 and the second ventilator 3 are shown as centrifugal ventilators, placed directly against the separating wall 27, their axis of rotation perpendicular to the separating wall 27. Between the first ventilator 22 and the heat exchanger 3 a first wall part 42 is provided, comprising an outlet side 43 of the ventilator 22. A hinging flap 44 can be provided which can close off said outlet side 43, which will open when air is forced out by the first ventilator. In fig. 4 and 5 the flap 44 is shown in the open position. Thus the flap 44 can prevent air from flowing in the opposite direction if the ventilator 22 is off. Similarly, between the second ventilator 23 and the inner end portion 1C a second wall 45 1s provided, comprising the outlet opening of the second ventilator 23.
Fig. 7 shows, in partly exploded view, with the tubular housing part 1A similar to fig. 1 and 3 — 5 taken away, a further embodiment of a system 1 of the disclosure. In this embodiment again, as is shown in fig. 4 and 5, the heat exchanger 3 first against a flange 3D of the end portion 1C, the end portion comprising the relevant inlet and outlet 9, 10. At the opposite end of the system 1 the end portion 1B is provided with the other inlet and outlet 8, 11. In this embodiment a separating wall 27 is provided between the flange 3D of the heat exchanger and the end portion 1B, which separating wall 27 has a first part 27A connecting to the end portion 1C, the first part 27A extending, in the position shown in fig. 7, at a downward angle. A second part 27B is connected to the first part 27A and extends mostly at an upward angle, for example substantially perpendicular to the first part 27A. A third part 27C is connected to the second part 27B, opposite the first part 27A, and extends substantially parallel to the first part 27A. During use the separating wall 27 seals against an inside of the housing part 1A, as discussed before. The first ventilator 22, which is shown as an axial ventilator, is mounted to the first wall part 27A, below and spaced apart from the second wall part 27B. The second ventilator 23 is mounted to the third wall part 27C, above and spaced apart from the second wall part 27B, at the opposite side thereof.
In this embodiment the heat exchanger is shown at an end of the system facing an inward space IN, allowing easy removal of the combination of the end portion 1C, the heat exchanger 3 and the ventilators 22, 23. The separating wall 27 to that end preferably s connected to the end portion 1C, for example by a connector 46. In fig. 7 schematically the first air flow 20 and the second air flow 21 are shown by striped arrows. The first air flow 20 flows from the first inlet 8 into the housing 2, pulled by the ventilator 23 and stays above the second separating wall part 27B, then passes through the heat exchanger 3 and exits the system 1 through the outlet 10 into the internal space IN. The second flow 21 of air flows through the second inlet 9, through the heat exchanger 3 down, pushed by the ventilator 22, and stays below the second separating wall part 27B, out of the outlet 11.
Fig. 8, 8A and 8B show a further alternative embodiment of a system 1, in which the housing 1 is substantially box shaped, for example comprising a rectangular bottom wall 50 and a peripheral wall 51 extending therefrom. A cross wall 52, extending over the bottom wall separates the internal space of the housing into two parts 53, 54. A first pipe 55 connects to the first part 53, a second pipe 56 connects to the second part 54. In or on the bottom wall 50 at the end of the first pipe 55 the first ventilator 22 is provided. In or on the bottom wall 50 at the end of the second pipe 56 the second ventilator 23 is provided. Here the ventilators are axial ventilators.
In fig. 8A the heat exchanger has been removed, showing the bottom wall and the ventilators 22, 23. In fig. 8 and 8B the heat exchanger 3 1s shown, in this embodiment a heat exchanger 3 with a substantially diamond shape in cross section, similar to fig. 2. The heat exchanger again has a housing 41 with a flange 3B, which in this embodiment connects to and preferably seals against the cross wall 52. During use a cover 57 is mounted over the heat exchanger 3, sealing against the peripheral wall 51.
The cover 57 comprises the first air outlet 10 and the second air inlet 9.
For mounting this embodiment two openings 26 are formed in a wall 25, above each other or next to each other, appropriately spaced apart.
The fist pipe 55 1s pushed into a first of the openings 26, the second pipe 56 in the other opening 26. Air from the outside is sucked by the first ventilator 22 into the first pipe 55 and flows into the heat exchanger 3, to be forced out of the system through the first air outlet 10 inside the space IN in the building. At the same time air is sucked from the space IN into the heat exchanger 3 by the second ventilator 23, to be forced out of the building B through the second pipe 56.
As discussed, with a system according to the disclosure inside or stale air inside an inside space IN in a building can be replaced by outside or fresh air from an outside space OUT, wherein at least two ventilators are used which are driven each in a single direction, without having to reverse a direction or rotation, wherein heat can be exchanged during all of the time the ventilators are operated, between oppositely directed flows of air, known as a counter flow or counter current principle. The operation of the ventilators 22, 23 can for example be controlled by a controller, for example based on a level of CO: or particles sensed inside the inside space IN. For example the ventilators can be switched on and off or can be modulated.
In fig. 9 schematically a system 1 is shown, here shown by way of example only in a general embodiment similar to that of fig. 1, in which a first sensor 47 is provided in or at the first air inlet 8. A second sensor 48 is provided in or at the first air outlet 10. A third sensor 49 is provided in or at the second air inlet 9, whereas a fourth sensor 50 is provided in or at the second air outlet 11. It will be understood that these sensor could also be provided inside the relevant ducts, closer to the ventilators, or at least be connected to such inlets, outlets and/or ducts. The first to fourth sensors 47 — 50 are connected to the control 27, by wires or for example wireless. It should be clear that in a similar way sensors 47 — 50 can be provided in the different other embodiments as disclosed.
In embodiments the sensors 47 — 50 can be or at least comprise temperature sensors, such as digital temperature sensors, for measuring respectively: - the temperature Ts of air flowing into the first air inlet 8; - the temperature Ti of air flowing out of the first air outlet 10; - the temperature Ty of air flowing into the second air inlet 9; and - the temperature Ti: of air flowing out of the second air outlet 10.
In the control 27 a temperature difference TD; is calculated between Tg and T19 on the one hand, and a temperature difference TD: between Ts and Ti; on the other. In the control 27 the temperature differences TD; and TD: are compared. If these are found to be substantially the same it can be deduced that the air flows going into the inner space IN and going out of the inner space IN into the outer space OUT are optimally matched, especially the same in volume/hour. If however it is found that said temperature differences TD; and TD: are not the same, especially if the difference is above threshold, a pre-set in the control 27, the flows are not matched properly. Then the flow in at least one of the ducts of the heat exchanger is controlled by increasing or decreasing said flow relative to the flow in the other duct. For that purpose for example the rotational speed of at least one of the ventilators 22, 23 can be changed, for example increased, relative to the speed of the other ventilator 23, 22.
For example, if it is found that the first temperature difference TD; is smaller than the second temperature difference TD», and the temperature in the outside space OUT is lower that the temperature in the inside space
IN, it can be deduced that the heat transferred from the air flow flowing out of the inner space IN is larger than the air flow flowing into the inner space
IN can capture from the heat exchanger 3, heating up the heat exchanger, which will lead to a reduced capacity for the heat exchanger 3 to capture heat being expelled from the indoor space IN and thus in reduction of the efficiency of the heat exchanger. By decreasing the rotational speed of the first ventilator 22 in such a case heat exchange between the air flow flowing into the inner space IN can be adjusted, allowing the air flowing into the inner space IN to recapture more heat from the heat exchanger. It will be understood that in a similar way the rotational speed of the first and/or second ventilator can be adjusted up or down, depending on the temperature differences TD; and TDs, and for example the air temperatures in the inside space IN and the outside space OUT. A change in flow can for example be due to increasing or decreasing wind pressure on the first air inlet 8 and/or the second air outlet 11 or become necessary due to increase or decrease of the temperature inside the inner space IN relative to the temperature in the outside space OUT.
In embodiments at least one of, preferably at least two of the sensors 47 — 50 and/of 28 or 29 can be or comprise humidity sensors, for measuring relative or absolute humidity of air flowing into and/or out of the heat exchanger. By monitoring the humidity of at least one flow and preferably both the flow into and the flow out of the inner space IN, the ventilator speed can be controlled based on a discrepancy of the humidity desired inside the inner space IN and the measured or calculated humidity in said inner space IN. Thus an optimal setting of said rotational speeds can be controlled at all times.
In embodiments at least one of the sensors 47 — 50 and/of 28 or 29 can be or comprise CO: and/or CO sensors, especially for measuring a CO? and/or CO content of air flowing out of the inner space IN, as an indication of the CO: and/or CO level inside the inner space IN. Based on such indication air flow out of the inner space IN may be increased or decreased.
Preferably at the same time the air flow into the inner space IN is adjusted accordingly, such that the air flows are kept within said pre-set, allowable difference.
In embodiments the control is or can be set to switch off or lower the rotational speed of one of the ventilators 22, 23, preferably the second ventilator 23, such that air is still entered into the inner space IN, but is expelled from said inner space IN at least substantially not through the heat exchanger but through for example cracks or slits below or around doors and/or windows or otherwise. Especially during the night this can be advantageous in order to reduce noise and energy consumed.
Fig. 10 shows schematically a comparative graph of a system according to the prior art, comprising an axial fan and a ceramic heat exchanger, and a system according to this disclosure, in embodiments comprising a centrifugal fan and a wire type heat exchanger as for example shown in fig. 6. In fig. 10 along the horizontal axis the flow of air is shown, in mh, and along the vertical axis pressure in Pa. In the graph the hatched area I is an indication of the flow resistance of a wire type heat exchanger, wherein the solid line L; indicates a preferred combination of pressure and flow for a wire type heat exchanger to be used. The hatched area II in fig. 10 is an indication of the flow resistance of a ceramic block type heat exchanger as used in the prior art systems, such as the Lunos system, wherein the solid line Lg indicates a preferred combination of pressure and flow for a ceramic type heat exchanger as used in the prior art. As discussed, in the prior art systems necessarily an axial fan is to be used for being able to reverse the direction of rotation and thus of flow.
In fig. 10 pressure/flow curves are shown in stripe-dotted lines for different axial and centrifugal fans. At the left hand lower corner a first pressure/flow curve PF; is shown, for a first axial fan, and a second pressure/flow curve PF» is shown, for a second axial fan, larger in diameter and/or rotating at higher speed that the first axial fan. For a fan the pressure obtained is reduced with increasing flow. For axial fans the achievable pressure is relatively low, even with small flow, whereas the pressure reduces relatively rapidly with increasing flow. In fig. 10 a vertical line W is shown as an indication of a practical working area to the left of said line for a system according to the prior art, using an axial fan and a ceramic heat exchanger. For a system according to the prior art therefore an optimum can be found at the combination of a pressure Py, with a flow Fn.
Said flow is necessary in order to achieve a minimal refreshment rate for air in living quarters of for example 60m?3/h. The pressure Pm is significantly lower than the maximal achievable pressure in order to reach the necessary minimal flow rate. As can be seen in fig. 10 the pressure can be increased for the same flow rate, or vice versa, by increasing the fan size and/or rotational speed thereof, but this has the disadvantage that also the noise level increases significantly. Moreover, the increase of the pressure/flowrate ratio is limited. It has been found that with the known prior art systems with increasing wind load on the system, for example wind pressure on the inlet/outlet of the system, the axial fan will become less effective, especially in forcing air out of the building, significantly reducing efficiency of the system, especially in the refreshment rate and in heat exchange efficiency.
This is further decreased by the necessary periodic reversing of the rotation direction of the fan, which necessitates a period during which no air flow is achieved because the ventilator has to be stopped and started again.
In fig. 10 also the pressure/flow curves PFs, PF, and PF; are shown, schematically for three centrifugal fans or ventilators as used in a system according to the present disclosure, with increasing size and/or rotational speed. In fig. 10 the size, especially an outer diameter of the axial fan with curve PF; is substantially the same as that size for the centrifugal fan with curve PF3;, whereas the size, especially an outer diameter of the axial fan with curve PF: is substantially the same as that size for the centrifugal fan with curve PF; whereas the said size of the centrifugal fan with the curve FP4 is between that of the centrifugal fans with the curves
FP; and FP;. As is clear from fig. 10 the pressure P achievable with the centrifugal fans is significantly higher that of the axial fans, whereas the flow rate F 1s relatively constant, and relatively high, over a large pressure area, which follows from the steep tangent Tc to the pressure/flow curves
PF, especially as compared to the tangent Ta of the curve of an axial fan.
As is shown in fig. 10, for the combination of a wire type heat exchanger as discussed and a centrifugal fan, as discussed, an optimal combination Cop: of a pressure P. and a flow F: can be chosen in the working area I of the wire type heat exchanger, wherein both the pressure P. and the flow F. are relatively high compared to an axial fan and ceramic heat exchanger. Thus for example a high exchange rate can be achieved, whereas relatively high wind pressures can be overcome.
In a system according to the disclosure preferably a fan/heat exchanger combination is chosen close to or at an optimum Cp; as defined by the point of contact between a pressure/flow curve PF of a specific fan and a hyperbole H: showing the air power of the fan, defined as pressure times flow (P*F = W), wherein pressure P is defined by N/m2 and flow is defined by F=m?/s and W is power in Nm/s. In fig. 10 said point of contact is shown as Copt for the second pressure/flow curve PF». It will be clear that such hyperbole and point of contact can be defined for any fan. Alternatively for a given desired flow F or refreshment rate an optimal centrifugal fan can be chosen, based on a heat exchanger used, or an optimal heat exchanger can be chosen, based on a fan to be used, or a combination thereof, in the area I, suitable to provide sufficient pressure to overcome wind pressure on the system during use, or vice versa.
In the present disclosure a fan used in the system can be an axial fan with guide vanes, allowing higher pressures, since the direction of rotation does not have to be inverted during use. Preferably centrifugal fans are use. In a system according to the present disclosure the rotational speed of the fans can be increased or reduced during use, depending on for example one or more of a desired level of noise, a desired refreshment rate for the indoor space, wind pressure on the system and the like, and also for example based on one or more of measured CO2 and/or CO levels and/or fine particles in the air, odor and humidity, or for example based on a dew point and/or by the control 27 as discussed.
By using fans having a relatively high maximum pressure and a suitable flow at various pressures, i.e. with a steep tangent as discussed, the fans can be driven at relatively low speeds, avoiding undesired turbulence at the tips of the vanes of the fan, and thus reducing noise.
By way of example, and not limiting the scope of the disclosure, a centrifugal fan can be used with a wire type heat exchanger, wherein the fan can have a diameter or cross section of 120 mm, wherein the optimal point or point of contact Copt is or can be chosen at a pressure Pc of about 130 Pa with a flow of about 70 m*/h. by way of example, if a similar fan is used with a diameter of 133 mm, driven at a similar speed, a pressure can be obtained of about 180 Pa and a flow of about 90 m?3/h. These systems are suitable for overcoming wind pressures on the system of for example 20 Pa or more, without running the risk that undesired outside air 1s blown into the building through the system. Moreover, by using a control system as discussed the air flow into the space and the air flow out of said space can be balanced such that optimal heat transfer is obtained and hence optimal efficiency, by for example changing the rotational speed of one or both fans and/or for example by throttling air flow at one side of the heat exchanger.
The invention 1s by no means limited to the embodiments shown and described before by way of example only. Many variations are possible within the scope of the disclosure. For example, the heat exchanger can be a different type of flow-through heat exchanger. The housing can be formed differently, for example having air inlets and/or air outlets in different positions or different orientations. A system can have multiple first and/or second inlets and/or outlets. As discussed, a system of the disclosure can be provided in a door or window forming part of an outside wall. In the description a system is described which draws air from and expels air into an outside space OUT. It will be obvious that such outside space OUT could also be a different space in a building, for example an atrium or other space with relatively fresh air.
These and similar alternatives should be considered as also disclosed and falling within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2035615A NL2035615B1 (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith |
| PCT/NL2024/050455 WO2025037982A1 (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2024-08-15 | Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith |
| DE202024002309.5U DE202024002309U1 (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2024-08-15 | Ventilation system for installation in a building wall and building equipped therewith |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2035615A NL2035615B1 (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2035615B1 true NL2035615B1 (en) | 2025-02-28 |
Family
ID=88413809
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2035615A NL2035615B1 (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Ventilation system for mounting in a wall of a building and building provided therewith |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NL (1) | NL2035615B1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL9301439A (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1995-03-16 | Eleonoor Van Andel | Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing it. |
| SE507252C2 (en) * | 1994-02-21 | 1998-05-04 | Matsushita Seiko Kk | ventilation Unit |
| WO1999013283A1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-18 | Baxi Air Management Limited | Heat exchanger |
| CH699308B1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2010-02-26 | Benzing Lueftungssysteme Gmbh | Heat recovery unit. |
| US9845959B2 (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2017-12-19 | Lunos Luftungstechnik Gmbh Fur Raumluftsysteme | Ventilation device for ventilation of rooms in buildings |
| US20200408434A1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-12-31 | Vaventis B.V. | Building comprising an air quality control system and a system and method for air quality control |
-
2023
- 2023-08-16 NL NL2035615A patent/NL2035615B1/en active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL9301439A (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1995-03-16 | Eleonoor Van Andel | Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing it. |
| SE507252C2 (en) * | 1994-02-21 | 1998-05-04 | Matsushita Seiko Kk | ventilation Unit |
| WO1999013283A1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-18 | Baxi Air Management Limited | Heat exchanger |
| CH699308B1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2010-02-26 | Benzing Lueftungssysteme Gmbh | Heat recovery unit. |
| US9845959B2 (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2017-12-19 | Lunos Luftungstechnik Gmbh Fur Raumluftsysteme | Ventilation device for ventilation of rooms in buildings |
| US20200408434A1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-12-31 | Vaventis B.V. | Building comprising an air quality control system and a system and method for air quality control |
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