NL2035011B1 - Method for generating a building information model for a prefab segment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a computer implemented method for generating a building information model, a method for constructing an element of a prefab-house, a method for constructing a prefab house, an electronic device for generating a building information model, a server, an electronic display apparatus for displaying the building information model and a system for building a prefab building in which one or more of said methods and/or said devices and/or server and/or apparatus are used. The method comprising the steps of: - providing a prefab-house building information model “BIM”, wherein the BIM comprises one or more building elements; - generating a view of the prefab-house BIM from a predetermined viewpoint; - presenting a user with a user interface which enables the user to select one or more of the elements of the prefab-house BIM; - receiving an element selection from the user interface comprising one or more selected elements selected from the one or more building elements; - generating a building segment BIM comprising the element selection in reaction to the receival thereof.
Description
METHOD FOR GENERATING A BUILDING INFORMATION MODEL FOR A
PREFAB SEGMENT
The present invention relates to a computer implemented method for generating a building information model, a method for constructing an element of a prefab-house, a method for constructing a prefab house, an electronic device for generating a building information model, a server, an electronic display apparatus for displaying the building information model and a system for building a prefab building in which one or more of said methods and/or said devices and/or server and/or apparatus are used.
Due to housing shortages, rising material prices and more considerations for the environmental impacts of the construction of new houses, there are conflicting demands in the building industry to build new houses both as fast as possible and as sustainable as possible. To try to meet both demands, there is a recent trend in the building industry to build prefab houses, which are constructed using segments constructed in a factory that only need assembly on the building site. By construction said segments in a factory, it is possible to reduce the cost and environmental impact of the new prefab buildings compared to conventional building methods, while, in the meantime, speeding up the building process by using assembly-lines on which the parts are produced in an efficient manner without weather conditions influencing the building process.
However, a problem with the above-described prefab approach is that there is litile room for customization of the individual homes in an assembly-line like process. An additional problem is that, due to the shortage of building supplies, there is an increased demand for flexibility in the materials used and to have more control and overview over the supply chain. A further problem is that current 3D applications are not suitable to present a dimensional drawing of an individual part in a 3D building model, which means that retrieving dimensional drawings from the 3D model is tedious, slow and error prone.
The present invention has for its objective to obviate or at least reduce at least one of the aforementioned problems.
Therefore, the invention provides a computer implemented method for generating a digital twin of a building segment of a prefab-house, the method comprising the steps of: — providing a prefab-house building information model “BIM”, wherein the prefab-house BIM comprises one or more building elements; — generating a view of the prefab-house BIM from a predetermined viewpoint; — presenting a user with a user interface which enables the user to select one or more of the elements of the prefab-house BIM;
— receiving an element selection from the user interface comprising one or more selected elements selected from the one or more building elements; generating a building segment BIM comprising the element selection in reaction to the receival thereof.
An advantage of the method according to the invention is that, by performing the steps of the method, a building segment BIM for a prefab-house can be obtained in an efficient yet dynamic manner from a prefab-house building information model.
Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that the obtained building segment BIM is ensured to be consistent with the prefab-house BIM, as the 19 elements in the building segment BIM are obtained directly from the prefab house BIM.
It is noted that the prefab-house BIM may be a model for a single house, for example a detached house, or may be a building block comprising (partly) joined buildings, for example a block of attached houses or a block of terraced houses. Furthermore, the prefab- house may refer to a prefab family home, a prefab apartment, a prefab apartment complex, aprefab store, a prefab office, or any other kind of prefab building, and/or a block containing multiple of one or more of the previous mentioned buildings. The term terraced houses, attached houses, building block are used interchangeably throughout this document. The building segment may span a single house of the block of attached houses or may span multiple attached houses of the block of attached houses.
In an embodiment an element in the prefab BIM and/or the building segment BIM may contain one or more other elements and/or components. This might occur recursively. Thus, said one or more other elements may again contain one or more elements and/or components. For example, a wall element may comprise one or more stone strips elements which contains a plurality of brick components. In an example, relationships between different elements and/or components may be represented using a hierarchical structure.
In a further embodiment, the step of generating the building segment BIM may comprise adding one or more elements and/or one or more components to an existing element. Adding one or more elements and/or one or more components to an existing element may occur in reaction to a user action or might occur automatically in reaction to one or more predetermined rules. For example, an element may have an associated predetermined component fill rule, wherein the component fill rule determines the surface size of the element to be filled and next determines the number of components and/or positions thereof using the component fill rule and the determined surface size, and wherein generating the building segment BIM comprises executing one or more component fill rules and adding one or more components to the element in correspondence with an outcome of the execution of the one or more component fill rules. An advantage of having a component fill rule is that components are automatically added based on the corresponding component fill rule, making the method more dynamic, flexible, and robust. it will be understood that a component fill rule may be adapted and/or added by a user. It will be further understood that a component fill rule may also be executed in reaction to one or more properties of a corresponding element being changed.
It is noted that a building element (also referred to as element) and/or a component is a digital object in a BIM and may comprise one or more parameters, meta-data elements and/or properties (hereafter all three revert to as parameter). For example, an element and/or component may comprise a relative or absolute position in the BIM, dimension data, 19 such as length, width, thickness and/or height, an orientation, a name, a building material, a zone, an isolation value efc. A parameter may be transferred from the prefab-house BIM to the building segment BIM when generating the building segment BIM, may be transferred from an element containing said element or component, may be regenerated and/or be left empty. A parameter may also be adjusted by the user.
In a further example, a parameter may have an associated level, wherein the level is indicative for the origin of said parameter. In a further example, the levels may be (ranging from low to high): default, project, element, and component. Here the default level is associated with a parameter from a predetermined default configuration, the project level is associated with a parameter from a predetermined project configuration, the element level is associated with a parameter determined for the corresponding element and the component level is associated with a parameter determined for the corresponding component. lt is noted that an element and/or a component may have the same parameter on different levels, wherein the highest level is active and wherein the lower levels are inactive and might be used as fall-back parameter in case the highest level is deleted. it will be understood that, for sake of brevity, all features described for elements above and below may also be applicable to components, unless stated otherwise.
In an example, the number of elements in the element selection is smaller than the number of elements in the prefab-house BIM. it is noted that the generating a view of the prefab-house BIM from a predetermined viewpoint may be optional and that other methods in which the user is
In an example, the method may further comprise, in reaction to the receiving of the element selection, adding at least one adjacent element to the element selection, wherein the adjacent element is an element in the prefab-house BIM that is adjacent to at least one element in the element selection. This step might be repeated recursively, resulting in elements adjacent to the adjacent elements being also added to the element selection, etc.
Adjacent elements might be elements that are not visible to the user in the current view.
The user may be presented with a user interface that enables them to adjust the element selection, for example by deselecting elements in a list of the element selection. In an example this user interface may display one or more parameters, meta-data elements and/or properties of the selected elements.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises the step of adding the elements from the generated building segment BIM to the prefab-house BIM and/or replacing the elements in the prefab house BIM that correspond to the element selection with the elements from the building segment BIM.
An advantage of this embodiment is that, by performing the steps of the method, the 19 generated building segment BIM are in the BIM of the prefab-house, which has the advantage that any adjustment done to the building segment BIM is also present in the prefab-house BIM, and vice versa. This way, both models are guaranteed to be up to date when being updated.
Another advantage of the method of this embodiment is that the prefab-house BIM is up to date with any changes made to the elements in the element selection in the building segment BIM. Hi is noted that changes may be made to the element in several ways. For example, a user might use software to modify the element (such as, changing an element size, an element property, an element material etc). In another or additional example, an element may be changed as a result of one or more of the above or below method steps being executed.
In an example, the prefab-house BIM is adjusted, after the building segment BIM is added to the prefab-house BIM by a designer changes the height of the building. As the building segment BIM is added to the prefab-house BIM, the changes are also included in the building segment BIM, thus as a result the building segment BIM is still up to date after changes occurred in the prefab-house BIM.
In a further or alternative embodiment, the step of generating the building segment
BIM further comprises the steps of: — defining a main contour from the element selection, wherein the main contour defines a contour of the building segment, wherein the main contour is preferably defined by observing a contour of an element in the building segment
BIM, for example the largest element in the building segment BIM; — defining one or more cut-outs and/or recesses in the main contour by: — determining for at least one element in the element selection whether said element is positioned within the main contour; and,
— in reaction on said element being positioned within the main contour, defining a cut-out and/or a recess in the main contour in correspondence with the position of said element.
An advantage of this embodiment is that it is automatically determined which 5 elements of the segment correspond to its main contour and which elements are cut-outs and/or recesses. This is especially important when the building segment BIM is at least partly processed by a machine to construct the element in accordance with the building segment, as the embodiment allows for at least partial automatic interpretation of selected elements.
In an example, the main contour in reaction to meta-data comprised in one or more elements in the building segment BIM, for example, meta-data that is indicative of said element being a wall element which contour defines the main contour.
In a further or alternative embodiment, the step of generating the building segment
BIM comprises the steps of: — obtaining, from the prefab-house BIM, a geometric representation of each of the elements in the element selection, wherein the geometric representation comprises one or more polygons, for example one or more triangles, each with a corresponding normal vector perpendicular to the polygon — for each geometric representation, generating one or more element surfaces by combining adjacent polygons that have the same normal vector into an element surface.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the geometric representation of element surfaces corresponds directly with that of a segment that may be constructed using the building segment BIM. This has as advantage that properties as the surface area, width, height etc can be directly obtained using the geometric representation.
In an example, a position of one or more elements may be adjusted in reaction to the geometric representation of two or more elements not being aligned. For example, an element representing a window may be not aligned with an element representing a window lintel in the prefab-house BIM, but the misalignment may be automatically corrected if a difference between the alignment is within a predetermined threshold.
In a further or alternative embodiment, the step of defining the main contour from the element selection comprises: - calculating a surface area for each of the one or more element surfaces; - selecting the contour of the element of which the corresponding element surface has the largest surface area from among the one or more element surfaces of all geometric representations as the main contour.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the main contour is automatically selected in an efficient manner, without the need of additional (meta) information being present.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises the step of calculating a length of at least one side of one or more element surfaces of the one or more elements in the building segment using the geometric representation.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the calculated length of an element is guaranteed to be correct, while, due to the designing process lengths stored in a BIM are not guaranteed to be correct. For example, a designer might design an element by first using a standard shape (such as rectangle) and adjust and/or remove some angles, corners 19 and/or sides to realize the element shape. Due to the working of the design programs, this process might cause the final element to have (incorrect) dimension data of the standard shape stored as meta-data.
In an embodiment, the method further comprising the step of storing and/or replacing a length stored in the building segment BIM with the calculated length.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the correct length only needs to be determined once.
In an embodiment, the step of generating the building segment BIM further comprises: — determining a plurality of edges of the building segment and; — for at least one edge in the plurality of edges: — determining a relative position of the edge; — determine an edge type depending on the relative position of the edge; — adding detailing information to the edge in the building segment BIM in dependence of the edge type.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the detailing of the edges is added in dependence of the edge type, which obviates the need for a designer having to add detailing to the edges of the segment, making the process faster and more efficient.
It is noted that the detailing information may be obtain from a predetermined list of detailing information. It is further noted that the edge type may be one or more of the following: upper edge, side edge, bottom edge, window edge, door edge. However, other edge types may be applicable depending on, for example, the type of prefab building that is designed.
In a further embodiment, the method further comprises the step of presenting the user with a user interface which enables the user to select one or more of the plurality of edges and to add and/or change detailing information to the selected one or more edges.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the user can add detailing in a quick and efficient manner.
in an embodiment, the viewpoint is predetermined by the user, or the viewpoint is chosen such that a fagade of the building is perpendicular to the viewpoint. it is noted that in some embodiments step of generating the view from the viewpoint is optional, for example, in an embodiment in which elements in the element selection are selected from a list and/or in another sufficient way.
An advantage of the viewpoint being predetermined by the user is that the user is offered flexibility when creating a building segment. An advantage of the viewpoint being chosen such that a fagade of the building is perpendicular to the viewpoint, is that the user is presented with a standard viewpoint, which makes the design more clear and easier to understand.
In an embodiment an element in the prefab BIM and/or the building segment BIM may contain one or more other elements and/or components. This might occur recursively. Thus, said one or more other elements may again contain one or more elements and/or components. For example, a wall element may comprise one or more stone strips elements which contains a plurality of brick components. In an example, relationships between different elements and/or components may be represented using a hierarchical structure.
In a further embodiment, the step of generating the building segment BIM may comprise adding one or more elements and/or one or more components to an existing element. Adding one or more elements and/or one or more components to an existing element may occur in reaction to a user action or might occur automatically in reaction to one or more predetermined rules. For example, an element may have an associated predetermined component fill rule, wherein the component fill rule determines the surface size of the element to be filled and next determines the number of components and/or positions thereof using the component fill rule and the determined surface size, and wherein generating the building segment BIM comprises executing one or more component fill rules and adding one or more components to the element in correspondence with an outcome of the execution of the one or more component fill rules. An advantage of having a component fill rule is that components are automatically added based on the corresponding component fill rule, making the method more dynamic, flexible, and robust. it will be understood that a component fill rule may be adapted and/or added by a user. It will be further understood that a component fill rule may also be executed in reaction to one or more properties of a corresponding element being changed.
In an embodiment, the one or more elements in the building segment BIM comprises one or more building materials, wherein a building material has a material type and/or a material quantity and wherein the step of generating the building segment BIM comprises the step of associating one or more building materials with the one or more elements.
An advantage of this embodiment is that, by associating one or more building materials with the one or more elements, the necessary materials needed to construct the one or more elements can be obtained from the building segment BIM.
In a further embodiment, the step of associating one or more building materials with the building segment BIM comprises: — retrieving one or more building materials from the prefab-house building information model; — retrieving one or more building materials from a list of predetermined building materials in accordance with a segment type associated with the building segment; — retrieving one or more building materials from a list of predetermined building materials in accordance with an element type associated with the said element; and/or, — presenting the user with a user interface that enables the user to select one or more building materials from the list of predetermined building materials and receiving one or more building materials from the user interface in reaction to an input received from the user.
It is noted that a segment type and/or an element type may be stored in the prefab- house BIM and/or the building segment BIM. it further is noted that these method steps may be applied to other BIM's independent of the other steps of the method.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the building materials are automatically added to the building segment BIM, making the method more efficient and precise, but that the user still has the possibility to adjust and/or add building materials, making the method more flexible.
In an embodiment, the associating and/or retrieving of the one or more building materials occurs at least partly in dependence of an expected availability of the building material, in dependence to an expected cost associated with the building material and/or in dependence of an expected isolation value associated with the building material. it is noted that the expected costs, expected availability and/or isolation value associated with the building material may be retrieved from a predetermined list, may be retrieved via user input and/or may be retrieved via an internet connection with, for example, by connecting to an (online or offline) catalogue and/or database of one or more building material vendors, preferably in a real-time or near real-time manner.
An advantage of this embodiment is that during the process of generating the building segment BIM, the realization cost, realization time and/or isolation value of building a segment according to the building segment BIM are automatically considered during the generating process.
In a further example the method further includes keeping the expected costs, expected availability and/or isolation value associated with the building material up to date by periodically re-retrieving the expected costs, expected availability and/or isolation value.
In a further embodiment, the method further comprises outputting the expected cost, expected availability and/or an isolation value for one or more of the elements of the building segment BIM and/or total expected cost, total expected availability, a final isolation value.
In an example, outputting may comprise presenting the user with a visualization and/or a notification comprising the above information. In a further example, such a visualization may comprise an indication when an expected cost, expected availability and/or the isolation value deviates from a required value. For example, a warning is presented to the user when a building material has become too expensive and/or is no longer available. it is noted that such a visualization and/or notification may also be presented in reaction to the periodically re-retrieving of the expected costs, expected availability and/or isolation value. it is noted that such a visualization and/or notification may also be presented in reaction to an element not having a building material associated with it.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the user can estimate whether the production of a building segment in accordance with the building segment BIM is feasible. In an embodiment, the method the geometric contour representation comprises depth information comprising a distance between the viewpoint and the contour element.
In an embodiment, the step of associating one or more building materials with one or more elements and/or one or more components of the building segment BIM comprises determining a face position of the element, wherein a face position is an outdoor face position or an indoor face position and wherein the determining comprises observing a predetermined face type that is present in the prefab-house BIM and selecting a material type from a list of predetermined materials in accordance with the determined face position and/or face type.
The determining of a face position may comprise observing the depth information to the viewpoint of the element relative to other elements in the building segment BIM and determining the face position to be an outdoor face position in reaction to the element being closer to the viewpoint relative to other element in the building segment BIM and/or determining the face position to be an indoor face position in reaction to the element being farther to the viewpoint relative to other element in the building segment BIM.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the building material is selected automatically.
In an embodiment, the predetermined list of building materials is predetermined based on a building type of the prefab building.
An advantage of this embodiment is that only building materials are considered that are relevant for the building type.
In an embodiment the material quantity corresponding to an element is determined at least partly based on a dimension, such as an area, of the corresponding element of the building segment BIM.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the material quantity is determined in an efficient manner, which enables the user to quickly, efficiently and in a precise manner obtain the quantity of materials needed to construct a segment according to the building segment BIM. it is noted that the material quantity may be updated automatically in reaction to the size of an element being changed, for example, by the user adapting the design.
In an embodiment, the method comprises the step of generating a material list comprising the building materials required to construct the building segment. In an example, said list further comprises the cost of each of the building materials.
An advantage of this embodiment is that a user can easily identify the building materials needed to construct a segment according to the building segment BIM.
It is noted that one or more of the above method steps relating to the building materials, may be applied to other BIM's independent of the other steps of the method.
In an embodiment, wherein the prefab-house BIM and/or building segment BIM is saved as a file format that complies with the Industry Foundation Classes.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the Industry Foundation Classes are an industry accepted standard which makes it easy to load, for example the building segment
BIM, in another program and/or makes it easy for different user to share the building segment BIM with other user and/or to co-operate with other users using the building segment BIM.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of calculating a dimension, such as a length, of one or more sides of the one or more segments in the building segment
BIM and adding one or more graphical elements to the building segment BIM, wherein the one or more graphical elements comprise a visual representation of the dimension. In an example, the one or more graphical elements may comprise a plurality of lines that together depict text containing a size and a unit of the dimension. In an example, adding the visual representation comprises dimensioning the drawing.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the building segment BIM is automatically dimensioned. Another advantage is that the user can easily see the dimensions of the elements in the building segment BIM by choosing a viewpoint in which the one or more graphical elements comprising the visual representation are visible, instead of having to export the building segment BIM to a 2D technical drawing and add the dimensions in the technical drawing. Thus, the visual representation enables the user to use the building segment BIM as a dimensional 2D drawing without the need to convert the building segment
BIM to one. Another advantage is that, as no conversion/exportation to a 2D drawing is necessary, there is no possibility for a 2D drawing getting deprecated by, by it, for example, not containing updates to the building information BIM that occurred after said conversion/exporting. In an example, the visual representation comprises a geometric representation, such as line segments, to depict dimension lines, numbers, letters and/or other symbols. It is noted that this is especially advantage, as building information models in general do not have support for letters, numbers and symbols and thus do not offer a native way to use the building information models as dimensional drawings.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of obtaining element information, such as a building material and/or an isolation value, corresponding to one or more elements in the building segment BIM and adding one or more graphical elements to the building segment BIM that comprise a visual representation of the element information to the building segment BIM. lt is noted that element information may comprise any kind of meta data that is known in the building segment BIM, such as, but not limited to, an element type, an element building material, an element orientation, an element building material cost, an element building material quantity, an element colour, an element name, a note associated with the element, and/or any additional relevant information. In an example, the visual representation comprises a geometric representation, such as line segments, to depict dimension lines, numbers, letters and/or other symbols.
An advantage is that a user can easily identify the element information directly from the building segment BIM. It is noted that this is especially advantage, as building information models in general do not have support for letters, numbers and symbols and thus do not offer a native way to present additional information.
In an embodiment, the method further comprising the step of rendering a 2D technical drawing from the building segment BIM by observing the building segment BIM from a predetermined viewpoint, such as a frontal view, and wherein the visual representation is configured to represent human readable dimension data when rendered from the predetermined viewpoint.
This embodiment has the same advantages presented above in relation to the visual representation.
it is noted that the method steps relating to the visual representation may be applied to other BIM’s independent of the other steps of the method.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises the step of constructing a real-life building segment that corresponds to the building segment BIM.
In a further embodiment, the step of constructing the real-life building segment comprises the step of uploading the building segment BIM to an assembly robot, CNC machine, a personal electronic device comprising a display and/or any other apparatus used when constructing the real-life building segment.
It is noted that uploading may be understood as downloading the building segment
BIM when considered from the assembly robot, the CNC machine, the personal electronic device and/or any other apparatus. it is further noted that the uploading and/or downloading may comprise moving the building segment BIM from a physical or digital location, such as a server, a device on a local or internet-network, a shared storage space, a local storage space, a removal storage space such as a USB-stick, CD-ROM, DVD and/or any other suitable medium to the from the assembly robot, the CNC machine, the personal electronic device and/or any other apparatus.
An advantage of this embodiment ís that the building segment BIM can be used directly in the construction of a (part of a) building segment, making the process more efficient, faster, and more reliable. A further advantage is that the assembly robot, CNC machine and/or the user of the personal electronic device uses the most up to date version of the building segment BIM.
In a further embodiment the method comprises controlling, for example by a user, the assembly robot, CNC machine and/or the user device to use the building segment BIM to construct a (part of a) building segment.
In an embodiment, the step of providing a prefab-house building information model comprises the steps of is preceded by the steps of: — obtaining a digital representation of a building site; — generating a view of the building site; — presenting a user with a user interface that enable the user to position a prefab building block comprising one or more houses on the digital representation of the building site; — generating a preliminary prefab-house model in reaction to a receival, via the user interface, of a user input indicative for the user wanting to export a preliminary model; — exporting the generated preliminary prefab-house model;
— using the generated preliminary prefab-house model to provide the prefab- house BIM.
It is noted that the one or more steps of this embodiment may occur independent of the other steps of the method.
An advantage of this embodiment is that it enables a user to control the whole design process from the initial planning phase to the building segment BIM, which enables the user to follow the process in an efficient manner while ensuring that there are no inconsistencies between the initial planning phase and the final resulting building segment BIM, while providing the user with relatively more freedom and flexibility in the design process. Another advantage is that this makes the process more efficient and thus cheaper.
In a further embodiment the user interface further enables the user to: — adjust one or more dimensions of the building block and/or the one or more houses; and/or — adjust a number of houses that are comprised in the building block; — select one or more customisation details for the building block and/or the one or more houses.
An advantage of this embodiment is that it enables a user to easily design and adjust a building block and/or houses.
The invention further relates to an electronic device comprising at least one processor module, a memory module, and a storage module, wherein the memory module comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor module, enables the device to perform one of the methods.
The electronic device has the same effects and advantages as any of the methods.
In an embodiment the device is a user device comprising a display and one or more user input devices.
The invention further relates to a server comprising a processor module, a storage module and a communication module, wherein the storage module is configured to have one or more building segment BIMs stored thereon and wherein the processor module is configured to accept a connecting device via the communication module and to send and/or receive one or more building segment BIMs to and/or from the connecting device.
An advantage of the server is that the building segment BIMs are stored in a central location.
In a further embodiment, the server is configured to perform one or more of the steps of the aforementioned methods.
An advantage of this embodiment is that steps that require a, for a personal device, high amount of calculation power may be performed on the server.
The invention further relates to an electronic display apparatus, such as a tablet, comprising a processor module, a memory module, and a display, wherein the memory has a building segment BIM at least temporarily thereon and wherein the processor is configured to display the building segment BIM on the display, wherein preferably the display is a touch display configured to recognize user input and wherein the processor is configured to change a view of the building segment BIM in reaction on the touch display recognizing a user input. It is noted that the user input might for example used for zooming in or out, rotating, moving, or otherwise manipulating the building segment BIM.
An advantage of the electronic display apparatus according to the invention is that a user can easily examine the building segment BIM on said apparatus during construction of a building segment. Another advantage is that the preferred embodiment enables the user to look at details and/or other viewpoints of the building segment BIM, providing the user with a more dynamic way to examine a design of the building segment compared to static 2D or 3D views.
In an embodiment according to the invention, the apparatus further comprising a communication module and wherein the processor is further configured to connect to a server according to the invention via the communication module, to retrieve a building segment BIM from the server and to store the building segment BIM at least temporarily on the memory module.
An advantage is that a building segment BIM can be retrieved from a central location.
In an embodiment according to the invention, the building segment BIM stored on the electronic display apparatus is obtained using the method according to the invention that relate to one of the visual representations.
This embodiment has the same effects and advantages as the method relating to the visual representations.
The invention further relates to a system comprising at least one electronic device according to the invention, at least one server according to the invention, and at least one electronic display apparatus according to the invention.
This embodiment has the same effects and advantages as any of the methods, electronic devices, servers, or electronic display apparatus according to the invention.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention are elucidated on the basis of preferred embodiments thereof, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which: — Figure 1 shows a flow diagram providing a general overview of the different method steps;
— Figures 2 shows a flow diagram of the method steps relating to the generating of a building segment BIM; — Figure 3 shows a flow diagram for the construction of a building segment according to the invention; — Figure 4 shows a schematic overview of the system according to the invention; — Figure 5 shows an example of a building site model with prefab-houses placed thereon; — Figure 6 shows three examples of a prefab-house BIM, a building segment
BIM, and a prefab-house BIM with the building segment BIM; — Figure 7 shows an example of a building segment BIM with dimensional data.
In figure 1 an overview of the general method steps is presented. Starting from an empty model 101 to a building segment being displayed for construction 110. Starting from empty model 101 a user first obtains a digital representation of a building site in step S112.
This digital representation may for example be a digital model of the building site or for example a (2D or 3D) satellite image rendered in a 3D space. The digital representation may contain one or more building blocks already modelled. Next, in step S114 the user places a prefab building block on the digital representation of the building site. The prefab building block may comprise a predetermined building block chosen from a list of building blocks. Step of placing the building block S114 may comprise, but is not limited to, selecting a building block from a list of building blocks, determining a number of houses in the building block, adjusting the width, length and/or height of the building block and/or houses in the building block, such that for example the building block fits properly on the building site, adapting characteristics of the building block, such as a roof material used or a siding material used, adjusting an orientation of the building block on the building site, and/or adjusting a location of the building block on the building site. When the building block is placed, prefab-house BIM 104 may be obtained from the building site model.
Prefab-house BIM 104 is used in step S116 to generate building segment BIM 106, for example by enabling the user to select the one or more elements in prefab-house BIM 104 and by generating building segment BIM 106 using the selected elements. See figure 2 for a more detailed flow-chart of the generating process.
After generating step S116, building segment BIM 106 is projected on the prefab- house BIM 104 in step S118 to obtain updated prefab-house BIM 108. Optionally, steps 8116 and S118 can be repeated using updated prefab-house BIM 108, for example until all elements in prefab-house BIM 108 correspond to a building segment BIM.
Updated prefab-house BIM 108 or building segment BIM 106 is used in step S120 to construct building segment 110 in accordance with building segment BIM 108. Step S120 may, for example, comprise displaying building segment BIM 108 on a device for a user to observe during construction of building segment 110, sending building segment BIM 108 to a CNC machine to construct a part of building segment 110, sending building segment BIM 108 to an assembly robot for assembly of building segment 110 {or a part thereof), etc.
Figure 2 discloses an example of the generating S200 building segment BIM 206 from prefab-house BIM 108, starting with receiving S202 element selection 210 comprising building elements 210 (210a, 210b, 210c). Determining S204 geometric representations 212 of building elements 210 and defining S206 contour 214 of element 210a as main contour. Determining S208 that element 210b is positioned within element 210a and defining S210 cutout 216 in correspondence with element 210b, optionally removing 5212 element 210b from building segment BIM 206. Optionally calculating $214 lengths A1 —
A12 of sides of elements 210, main contour 214 and/or cut-out 216 and adding S216 said calculated lengths to building segment BIM 206. Determining {or recognizing) S218 edges in building segment BIM 206 and for each edge in edges determine S220 an edge type depending on the position of the edge and adding $222 detailing information dependent on the edge type. Adding S224 building material to element 2104 in reaction determining
S224a that element 2104 is an outside wall, adding S224 building material to element 210C by retrieving 224a building material information from prefab-house BIM 108. It will be understood that many other examples may be employed to add building material to elements in the building segment BIM 206. Adding S226 visual representations of dimensions of elements 210 to building segment BIM 206, wherein adding S226 comprises generating S226a line segments to display the lengths calculated in step S214 (optionally or alternatively calculating additional dimension data). if will be clear that one or more of the above steps S202 — S226 are optional and may be performed sequential and/or in parallel with other steps. It will be clear that neither intermediate steps, nor all connections between data and steps, are visualized in figure 2 for sake of clarity of the figure.
Figure 3 discloses an example of a method to build a prefab-house S300 according to the invention, by obtaining S302 a prefab-house BIM comprising a plurality of building segment BIMs, for each building segment BIM in the prefab-house BIM: displaying S304 the building segment BIM, obtaining S306 one or more necessary building materials in accordance with the building segment BIM, observing S308 measurements in the building segment BIM using dimensional data stored therein, constructing S310, preferably in a factory, a real life building segment in accordance with the building segment BIM by constructing real life building elements corresponding to elements in the building segment
BIM and putting all real life building elements together to form the real life building segment.
After all building segments are constructed, transporting S312 the building segments to the building location and assembling S314 on location the building segments in accordance with the prefab-house BIM.
Figure 4 discloses an example of system 400 according to the invention, comprising electronic devices 402 that are configured to enable the user to perform one or more steps of the method according to the invention. Electronic devices 402 may comprise personal computers 4024, 402b and tablet 402c. Electronic devices 402 may comprise a processor module, a memory module, a storage module, a display and/or an input module. Electronic 19 devices may comprise a communication module to connect to server 406 via connection 408. Server 406 may comprise one or more processor module, a memory module, a storage module, a display and/or a communication module. Server 406 may be configured to enable a user to retrieve, store and/or exchange, for example via electronic device 402, files and/or data stored on server 406, such as prefab-house BIMs, digital building site module, building segment BIMS building material information and other relevant files and/or data. Sever 406 may be configured to receive instructions, from electronic device 402, to perform one or more steps of the method according to the invention to offload computational expensive work from electronic device 402 to server 406. The system of figure 4 may further comprise electronic display apparatus 404, such as personal computer 404a, tablet 404b and mobile phone 404c. These electronic display apparalus may comprise one or more processor module, a memory module, a storage module, a display and/or a communication module and may be configured to connect, via their communication module, to server 406 via connection 410 and/or electronic device 402 via connection 412, to retrieve at least one building segment BIM to be displayed on electronic display apparatus 404a, 404b and/or 404c.
Figure 5 discloses an example of digital building site model 1102 which comprises a digital representation of the building site, which is for example obtained in step S112 in figure 1. Digital building site model 1102 comprises a 3D visualisation of the current situation in an area, for example, a residential area. The current situation may for example be obtained using existing street data and/or building datal. Digital building site model 1102 may comprise available building sites 1104, 1114 and existing and/or planned buildings 1108, 1110, 1112. Existing and/or planned building 1108, 1110 and 1112 may be represented by a BIM and/or by a more rudimental shape. The user is presented with a user interface (not shown) which allows him to select prefab-house model 1106 comprising a block of houses from a predetermined list of prefab-house models and place it in digital building site model 1102 building site 1114. The user interface allows the user to manipulate the shape, type, rotation, orientation, number of houses, siding, roofing, colour, and/or other features and/or characteristics of the prefab-house.
Figure 6A presents an example of prefab-house BIM 1206. Prefab-house BIM may be obtained from a predetermined list of prefab-house BIMs or may for example be obtained from building site model 1102, for example from prefab-house model 1104. The user may be presented with a user interface which enables them to adjust the shape, type, rotation, orientation, number of houses, siding, roofing, colour, and/or other features and/or characteristic, such as adding and/or changing windows (including types, size, position, material, etc), adding and/or changing doors (including types, size, position, material, etc).
Prefab-house BIM comprises houses 1218A, 1218B, 1218C, 1218D and 1218E, which all share roof 1216. it will be clear that the number of houses in the prefab-house may differ as from the shown example. It will further be clear that the houses may have separate roofs.
In accordance with the method steps described above, for example step S116 in figure 1, building segment BIM 1220 (figure 6B} is obtained from prefab-house BIM 1206.
Building segment BIM 122 comprises multiple elements, for example wall 1222, door 1224, window 1226, skirting {also known as trasher or brick frame) 1228, window and door lintels 1230 and edge detailing 1232. When building segment BIM 1220 is generated from prefab- house BIM 1206, some elements and/or details may be added or adjusted automatically.
For example, wall 1222 may be automatically determined to be the main contour and door 1224 and window 1226 may be automatically defined as cut-outs in wall 1222. I is noted that automatically in the context of the invention means that the steps according to an example of the method are performed by a computer without requiring additional user input.
Edge detailing 1232 may be automatically added on determination of the edge being a side edge or may be added by the user. Edge detailing may be adjusted depending on whether the edge is an edge on the side of the home, such as the left edge of the front of home 1218A or whether the edge is of an enclosed home, such as homes 1218B — 1218D. Some elements may be added when segment 1220 is generated. For example, window and door lintels 1230 were added to building segment BIM 1220 in response of determination of cut- outs 1224 and 1226. Alternatively, or additionally, building elements may be added by the user. Building materials may be added automatically and/or by the user. For example, the building material of wall 1222 may be retrieved from prefab-house BIM 1206, while the building material of skirting 1228 is chosen by the user. it may also be possible that for example the type of building material is retrieved from prefab-house BIM, while the building material quantity is determined based on the size of an element of building segment BIM 1220. It will be clear that building segment BIM 1220 may comprise elements not visible in the current view, for example an inside wall (not shown) opposite to outside wall 1222. After building segment BIM 1220 is generated, it may be projected in prefab-house BiM 1206, see figure 6C, such that prefab-house BIM 1206 now contains all adjustments made to segment 1220. The process of obtaining a building segment BIM from prefab-house BIM 12086, may be repeated, for example for front and/or rear fagade of homes 1218A - 1218E, for roof 1216, for side walls, for internal structure, such as floors and internal walls (not shown) and for other elements present in the prefab-house BIM.
Building segment BIM 1220 may be used to obtain dimensional drawing 1320 (figure 7) by automatically adding dimension data. Dimensional drawing 1320 may be contained in building segment BIM 1220 and may be for example be used by making the dimension data visible by selecting a layer in the building segment BIM 1220 which contains said data.
Dimensional drawing 1320 contains elements such as, first wall part 1306, window lintel 1308, second wall part 1312, door lintel 1310, third wall part 1314, window cut-out 1326, door cut out 1324 and skirting 1316. All segments may have one or more corresponding dimension data in the form of visual representations of their dimensions 1302, 1304, such as their width A1 — A16 and/or their height B1 — B6. Said widths and heights may be obtained automatically using the geometric representation of the elements. Visual representations 1302, 1304 (possible including any letters, digits and/or symbols) may be represented in building segment BIM 1320 using a geometric representation, such as lines.
Dimension lines (also known as auxiliary lines) may be included to enable the user to more easily see to which element the dimension data belongs.
The present invention is by no means limited to the above-described preferred embodiments thereof. The rights sought are defined by the following claims, within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.
Claims (35)
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| NL2035011A NL2035011B1 (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Method for generating a building information model for a prefab segment |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190251210A1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-08-15 | Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd | Computer aided design for brick and block constructions and control software to control a machine to construct a building |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190251210A1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-08-15 | Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd | Computer aided design for brick and block constructions and control software to control a machine to construct a building |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DENG MIN ET AL: "Automatic generation of fabrication drawings for fa?ade mullions and transoms through BIM models", ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 42, 25 July 2019 (2019-07-25), XP085914978, ISSN: 1474-0346, [retrieved on 20190725], DOI: 10.1016/J.AEI.2019.100964 * |
| MOHAMMED MOHAMMED REFAAT MEKAWY: "A Framework for Using BIM in Mass-Customization and Prefabrication in the AEC Industry", 15 September 2020 (2020-09-15), Munich, Germany, pages I - 163, XP093120074, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1545783/1545783.pdf> [retrieved on 20240116] * |
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