NL2032811B1

NL2032811B1 - Growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of ecological river

Info

Publication number: NL2032811B1
Application number: NL2032811A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Chen Yihui; Sun Bifei; Wang Zhiyun; Li Jie; Jiang Wei; Tan Zhiwei
Original assignee: Yunnan Res Academy Of Eco Environmental Sciences
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2023-03-28

Abstract

Disclosed is a growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological 5 river. The material is prepared by uniformly mixing 3 - 5 parts of river mud, 0.2 - 0.5 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 - 0.5 part of montmorillonite with purity of 96 - 98%, 1 - 2 parts of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 - 0.1 part of polyacrylamide with purity of above 90%. The present invention has the characteristics that the raw materials are available; the cost is low; fertilizer retaining capacity during rainy season and the water retaining 10 capacity during dry season are strong; and the use is simple and convenient. The present invention can provide nutrients required by growth of the bank protection plants of the ecological river and can promote the rapid and healthy growth of the bank protection plants. The present invention is wide in range of application and can be used for a directly planted vegetation type protected bank, a vegetation type eco-concrete protected bank, an ecological bag protected bank 15 or a porous structure protected bank, thereby ensuring the functionality and the landscape function of the protected banks and having good economic and environmental benefits.

Description

GROWTH PROMOTING MATRIX MATERIAL OF BANK PROTECTION PLANTS OF

ECOLOGICAL RIVER

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the field of ecological rehabilitation projects of water environments, and particularly relates to a matrix material capable of promoting rapid and healthy growth of bank protection plants of an ecological river.

Background

Ecological rivers can provide a suitable ecological environment for spawning of fishes, inhabitation of birds and growth of plants and have the functions of preserving soil and water, beautifying the environment, stabilizing river banks, maintaining biodiversity and adjusting microclimate. Bank protection plants are an important part of the ecological rivers. The bank protection plants are used for fixing soil and preventing water and soil loss mainly by a mechanical effect (anchoring deep roots and reinforcing shallow roots) and a hydrologic effect {reducing pore pressure, weakening sputtering and controlling runoff) of vegetation roots; and the bank protection plants can also be used for landscaping while the need for the ecological environment is met.

Generally, bank protection vegetation need to be selected according to a slope, the slope length, the slope position and soil conditions through combination with the surrounding natural environment. According to the position, the climate and the soil characteristics of a territory, perennial herbs and suffruticosa plants which have the characteristics of cold resistance, drought enduring, high temperature resistance, barren resistance and the like, is high in germination rate, strong in reproductive capacity, developed in root systems and vigorous in growing, can rapidly cover ground, protect the banks and fix the soil, are selected. However, the growth conditions of the bank protection vegetation are poor at most of the time, and the main reasons are: the banks are soaked into river water for a long time during the rainy season, and the soil of the banks lacks of nutritional ingredients supplied to the plants; during the dry season, the water level of the river is lowered, and even the river is cut off, which leads to that the soil of the banks lacks of water supplied to the plants; and these reasons easily cause developmental retardation or developmental malformation of the bank protection plants, and itis difficult to realize the functions of the bank protection plants of stabilizing soil structures and improving landscapes.

Summary

The present invention aims to provide a matrix material which is available in materials, low in cost and strong in the fertilizer retaining capacity during the rainy season and the water retaining capacity during the dry season and can significantly promote rapid and healthy growth of bank protection plants of an ecological river with respect to the defects of the prior art.

The purposes of the present invention are realized by adopting the following technical solutions.

The growth promoting matrix material of the bank protection plants of the ecological river is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 3-5 parts of river mud, 0.2 - 0.5 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 - 0.5 part of montmorillonite with purity of 96 - 98%, 1 - 2 parts of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 - 0.1 part of polyacrylamide with purity of above 90%.

A using method of the growth promoting matrix material comprises: (1) adding water with weight of 30% of total weight into the growth promoting matrix material to form pasty growth promoting matrix material, (2) for a directly planted vegetation type protected bank comprising a plant type protected bank or a civil engineering material compound planting base protected bank, in construction, uniformly mixing the pasty growth promoting matrix material and surface soil with a thickness of 10 - 20 cm and uniformly sowing grass seeds; (3) for a vegetation type eco-concrete protected bank, an ecological bag protected bank or a porous structure protected bank, filling the pasty growth promoting matrix material into a vegetation growing area by adopting a pouring manner or an extruding manner, uniformly sowing grass seeds, then covering 2 cm thickness of mulch on the surface, keeping the mulch on the surface loose, and compacting the mulch to be flush with the ground of the protected bank after the seeds are germinated.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The matrix material has the characteristics that the raw materials are available; the cost is low; the raw materials are green and environmentally friendly and have no ecological risk; the fertilizer retaining capacity during the rainy season and the water retaining capacity during the dry season are strong; and the use is simple and convenient. The matrix material can provide nutrients required by growth of the bank protection plants of the ecological river and can promote the rapid and healthy growth of the bank protection plants. The matrix material is wide in range of application and can be used for the directly planted vegetation type protected bank, the vegetation type eco-concrete protected bank, the ecological bag protected bank or the porous structure protected bank, thereby ensuring the functionality and the landscape function of the protected banks and having good economic and environmental benefits.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments, but the embodiments are not limitations to the technical solutions of the present invention, and all changes or equivalent replacements made according to the instruction of the present invention shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

A growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological river is prepared by weighing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 3 parts of river mud, 0.2 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 part of montmorillonite, 1 part of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 part of polyacrylamide, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

The river mud is river sediment, mud or ditch subsoil obtained from local resources. The river mud is used after being placed in a cool place and being aired until the moisture content is 30% - 50%. The river mud is stable in chemical components and high in the content of organic matters, so that the physical and chemical characters of soil can be improved, the water retaining capacity and the fertilizer retaining capacity are enhanced, and the improvement of growing conditions of the soil is promoted.

The rice husk is a by - product of rice processing and is available easily. The rice husk is soaked for 24 - 48 h, and the weight ratio of the adding quantity of water and the rice husk is 2:1; in an environment with wide terrain and good aeration, urea and farmyard manure are uniformly sprayed on the rice husk, the height of a piled layer is 1 m, and the piled layer is covered by straws or a plastic film for fermentation; the temperature in a pile is risen during fermentation, the pile is stirred or turned over at an interval of 36 - 48 h, and water is added for humidification; 4 - 5 cycles are carried out continuously until the temperature is not risen, the rice husk becomes black and soft, and no odour is emitted, to complete a decomposition process. The decomposed rice husk is a good soil conditioner and a good fertilizer, and the rice husk can release nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, silicon, sulphur and other microelements required by the plants during decomposition, so that the soil can be improved, the soil is structured, and the aeration status and the nutrient content of the soil are improved.

Montmorillonite (Al:OsSis) is creamy white powder, the average particle size is: D50<15 um, the performance density is less than 0.359 / cm3, the moisture content is less than 3%, and the purity is 96 - 98%. As an additive of a nano - polymer high molecular material, montmorillonite has higher colloid stability and excellent adsorption property and can promote continuous absorption of nutrients of crops. According to the unique physical and chemical characteristics thereof, the plants can be effectively stimulated; the metabolism of the crops can be promoted; the growing environment thereof is improved; and the problems of high releasing speed of the nutrients, easy fixation and volatilization of the fertilizer and so on can be effectively solved.

The humus soil is nutrient soil formed after branches and leaves of the plants are decomposed and fermented in the soil through microorganisms, has the feature of porosity and has the characteristics of good aeration, good drainage and light weight; and the humus soil can be applied in the matrix material and can improve the soil property, so that the soil is loosened, thereby being beneficial to growth of the plants.

The slow release compound fertilizer is mainly used for supplementing necessary elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for growth of the plants; the nutrient releasing and the plant absorption law are basically consistent; and the slow release compound fertilizer achieves the function of improving the fertilizer efficiency and has slow action and long residual action.

Polyacrylamide is a high molecular material with extremely strong water absorbing capacity, is a white particle crystal, is non - toxic and harmless and can release water and absorb water repeatedly; and after polyacrylamide is combined with montmorillonite and the slow release compound fertilizer in the formula, the effects of retaining fertilizer during the rainy season and retaining water drying the dry season are achieved.

Embodiment 2

A growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological river is prepared by weighing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 5 parts of river mud, 0.2 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 part of montmorillonite, 1 part of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 part of polyacrylamide, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

Embodiment 3

A growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological river is prepared by weighing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 3 parts of river mud, 0.5 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 part of montmorillonite, 1 part of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 part of polyacrylamide, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

Embodiment 4

A growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological river is prepared by weighing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 3 parts of river mud, 0.2 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.5 part of montmorillonite, 1 part of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 part of polyacrylamide, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

Embodiment 5

A growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological river is prepared by weighing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 3 parts of river mud, 0.2 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 part of montmorillonite, 2 parts of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 part of polyacrylamide, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

Embodiment 6 5 A growth promoting matrix material of bank protection plants of an ecological river is prepared by weighing the following raw materials according to the parts by weight: 3 parts of river mud, 0.2 part of decomposed rice husk, 0.2 part of montmorillonite, 1 part of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.1 part of polyacrylamide, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

Experiment 1

An experimental site is Yilong Lake National Wetland Park in Shiping County, Hani - Yi

Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe, Yunnan Province. Yilong Lake has a subtropical plateau mountain monsoon climate, an average annual temperature of 18.3°C, a monthly average temperature of 11.6°C in a coldest month (January), a monthly average temperature of 22.2°C in a hottest month (June), and an annual precipitation of 786 - 1116 mm, and is located at 23°38’ - 23°42' north latitude and 102°29' - 102°37' east longitude. Dashui River in Yilong Lake is selected as an experimental area. Dashui River is one of the main rivers that enter Yilong Lake, and has a length 41 kilometres and drainage area of 51 square kilometres. (1) A protected bank of the experimental river channel is a porous concrete structure protected bank. (2) In the experiment, bank protection vegetation 1 adopted was Bermuda grass which has the features that the Bermuda grass belongs to a hibernal annual herb of the Gramineae and is a warm - season plant. The Bermuda grass prefers the warm climate and damp soil, is intolerant of cold, grows badly in the cold climate and grows best when the daily average temperature is above 24°C; and the vegetative reproduction capacity is strong, new and old stolons are crossed on ground and are intertwined into a net, and a lawn is formed in a short time. (3) In the experiment, bank protection vegetation 1 adopted was Trifolium repens which has the features that Trifolium repens belongs to a perennial herb of the Leguminosae, and the lifetime is above 10 years. The plant is short, a main root is buried shallowly, and lateral roots are developed. Stems creep, the Trifolium repens has ternately compound leaves, and leaflets are ovoid. Flowers are small and white. Seeds are yellow, fall to the ground naturally and are strong in reproducibility. The Trifolium repens prefers the warm and damp climate. The Trifolium repens is strong in cold resistance and can endure the low temperature of - 20°C. The Trifolium repens is strong in heat resistance and cannot wither at the high temperature of about 35°C. The Trifolium repens is luxuriant, is strong in competitiveness, has trampling resistance and is strong in regeneration capacity.

(4) An experimental manner was: water with the weight of 30% of total weight was added into the growth promoting matrix material obtained in the embodiment. Four blocks of porous concrete structure protected bank zones with the area of about 10 m? were selected, wherein in two blocks, the pasty matrix material was filled into pores of porous concrete by adopting a pouring manner or an extruding manner and so on; Bermuda grass seeds and Trifolium repens seeds were uniformly sowed respectively; then about 2 cm thickness of mulch was covered on the surfaces of the seeds; and a loosened state of the mulch on the surfaces was maintained to the greatest extent. The other two protected banks were taken as comparison samples; the sail property kept the original state; Bermuda grass seeds and Trifolium repens seeds were uniformly sowed respectively; and then about 2 cm thickness of mulch was covered. (5) The growth situations of the plants in the growth promoting matrix materials obtained by all the embodiments and in the comparison samples were investigated: in a growing process of the vegetation, the time from sowing to seedling emergence was recorded; the coverage rate was calculated after 30 d; and 20 plants which were good in growth situations were selected from each zone after 90 d, the plant height and the root length of the 20 plants were measured, and the average value was calculated.

Experimental observation situations are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1 Growth Record Sheet of Bermuda Grass ment 1 ment2 | ment3 | ment4 ment 5 ment 6 sample

Fonte | 88 | 4 | 5 | &3 | ss | we 30d coverage rate rm me men]

Table 2 Growth Record Sheet of Trifolium repens

Observation Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Comparison [Fava ew | 2 | ¥% | 3 | WE | w% | wy | wr 30d coverage re [ee ee 9 | 3 | 8 | 8 Le | 8 | ®

Experiment 2

The experimental place is Xingdeng Village of Dali Xizhou Town of Dali Bai Autonomous

Prefecture of Yunnan Province and is from the 214 national highway in the west to Huanhu Road in the east, and the area is about 0.5 km?. Agricultural irrigation ditches of the demonstration project district were selected as experimental zones. (1) A protected bank of an experimental river channel is a plant type protected bank. (2) In the experiment, bank protection vegetation 1 adopted was Eragrostis curvula which has the features that the Eragrostis curvula belongs to a perennial herb of the gramineae; the seed belongs to the bunch type and the warm season type; the plant height is 90 - 120 cm generally; blades are thin and long; root systems are very developed; the Eragrostis curvula is extremely strong in growing ability; the Eragrostis curvula can also grow and develop well particularly in the habitat condition of arid sandy soil, new individuals are bred, and a dense grassland is formed; and the Eragrostis curvuia has wide ecological plasticity, can adapt to various complex environmental conditions and is a good water and sail conservation plant. (3) In the experiment, bank protection vegetation 2 adopted was Paspalum notatum which has the features that the Paspalum notatum is a perennial creeping herb of the graminaceous paspalum; the plant height is 30 - 50 cm; leaves are dark green and smooth, the leaf length is 20 - 50cm, and the leaves are curved and droop; rhizomes are thick and solid, lay on the surface of the earth and extend in a creeping manner; one surface of each rhizome, laying on the surface of the earth, can grow roots steadily into soil and can be firmly pasted on the surface of the earth; and root systems are developed. (4) In the experiment, bank protection vegetation 3 adopted was Medicago sativa which has the features that the Medicago sativa is a perennial herb of the leguminosae; root systems are developed; a main root is thick and solid; the growing speed is high; the regeneration capacity is strong; and the adaptability is strong (cold resistance, drought resistance and saline - alkaline tolerance). (5) An experimental manner was: water with the weight of 30% of total weight was added into the growth promoting matrix material obtained in the embodiment. Six blocks of protected bank zones with the area of 15 m? were selected, wherein in three blocks, the pasty matrix material and surface soil with the thickness of 10 - 20 cm were uniformly; and Eragrostis curvula seeds,

Paspalum notatum seeds and Medicago sativa seeds were uniformly sowed respectively. The other three protected banks were taken as comparison samples; the soil property kept the original state; and Eragrostis curvula seeds, Paspalum notatum seeds and Medicago sativa seeds were uniformly sowed respectively. (6) The growth situations of the plants in the growth promoting matrix materials obtained by all the embodiments and in the comparison samples were investigated: in a growing process of the vegetation, the time from sowing to seedling emergence was recorded; the coverage rate was calculated after 30 d; and 20 plants which were good in growth situations were selected from each zone after 90 d, the plant height and the root length of the 20 plants were measured, and the average value was calculated.

Experimental observation situations are shown in Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5.

Table 3 Growth Record Sheet of Eragrostis curvula

Ronn | 72 | 78 | 75 | 89 | 65 | 78 | es 30d coverage see 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ®

Table 4 Growth Record Sheet of Paspalum notatum

Observation Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Comparison le | &% | 8% | ®% | #8 | wr | 78 | va 30d coverage om ee [we [er [=

Ga] | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | §

Table 5 Growth Record Sheet of Medicago sativa

Observation Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Embodi | Comparison (Footlong Gm | 65 | 49 | #3 | 65 | se | ez | #8 30d coverage om ee [oe [em [=n

It can be known from data comparison of Table 1 - Table 5 that the growth promoting matrix material of the bank protection plants of the ecological river in the present invention plays a positive role in growth of the vegetation, is strong in the fertilizer retaining capacity during the rainy season and the water retaining capacity during the dry season, can provide nutrients required by growth of the bank protection plants and can promote rapid and healthy growth of the plants. The raw materials can be obtained from the local resources, and the growth promoting matrix material is available in raw materials and low in cost.

Claims

CONCLUSIONS

1. A growth-promoting matrix material for cever protection plants of an ecological river, which is prepared by uniform mixing of the following raw materials by weight: 3 - 5 parts river sludge, 0.2 - 0.5 part composted rice husk, 0.2 - 0.5 part montmorillonite with a purity of 96 - 98%, 1 - 2 parts of humus soil, 1 part of a slow release compound fertilizer and 0.01 - 0.1 part of polyacrylamide with a purity of more than 90%.

A method of applying the growth-promoting matrix material for ecological river bank protection plants according to claim 1, which method comprises: (1) Adding water at a weight of 30% of the total weight of the growth-promoting matrix material to form a pasty growth-promoting form matrix material; (2) for a protected bank of the directly planted vegetation type that is a protected bank of the plant type or a bank protected by a civil engineering material composition, uniform mixing of the pasty growth-promoting matrix material and surface soil at a thickness of 10 - 20 cm during construction cm and the even sowing of grass seed, (3) for a vegetation type bank protected with ecological concrete, a bank protected with ecological bags or a protected beach with porous structure, filling the pasty growth-promoting matrix material in a vegetation-growing area by application of a pouring method or an extrusion method, sowing grass seed evenly, then covering the surface with 2 cm thick mulch, keeping the mulch loose on the surface and compacting the mulch so that it adheres to the bottom of the protected bank after the seeds have germinated.