NL2016039B1 - Method for recycling EPS foams. - Google Patents
Method for recycling EPS foams. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2016039B1 NL2016039B1 NL2016039A NL2016039A NL2016039B1 NL 2016039 B1 NL2016039 B1 NL 2016039B1 NL 2016039 A NL2016039 A NL 2016039A NL 2016039 A NL2016039 A NL 2016039A NL 2016039 B1 NL2016039 B1 NL 2016039B1
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- eps
- particles
- flame retardant
- bromine
- foams
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane Chemical compound BrC1CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC1Br DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005557 bromobutyl Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MECNGQPTNNZVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,10,10,10-hexabromodecane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)CCCCCCCCC(Br)(Br)Br MECNGQPTNNZVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YATIGPZCMOYEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tribromo-2-[2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethoxy]benzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC(Br)=CC(Br)=C1OCCOC1=C(Br)C=C(Br)C=C1Br YATIGPZCMOYEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 29
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 dimide Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005695 dehalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N (+)-α-limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCBr VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000615 substance of very high concern Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXBNDBPXGJKEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC(CCOC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1)OCCC(Br)Br)Br)Br)Br)Br)Br Chemical class BrC(CCOC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1)OCCC(Br)Br)Br)Br)Br)Br)Br OXBNDBPXGJKEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001890 Novodur Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-M behenate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116224 behenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004074 biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZWXAPCAJCYGIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)alumane Chemical class CC(C)C[AlH]CC(C)C AZWXAPCAJCYGIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical class [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LBPURNUGLHKENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;octadecaneperoxoic acid Chemical group [Ca].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OO LBPURNUGLHKENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007256 debromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/16—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0052—Organo-metallic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
- C08J9/18—Making expandable particles by impregnating polymer particles with the blowing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2025/04—Polymers of styrene
- B29K2025/06—PS, i.e. polystyrene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
- B29K2105/048—Expandable particles, beads or granules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/30—Polymeric waste or recycled polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2425/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for recycling EPS foams comprising halogen containing flame retardants, wherein said EPS foams in the presence of other starting materials are extruded, cooled and further reduced to particles. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of such a method. Such a method is characterized in that the step of extrusion is carried out in the presence of at least a halogen scavenger.
Description
Description
The present invention relates to a method for recycling EPS foams comprising halogen containing flame retardants, wherein said EPS foams in the presence of other starting materials are extruded, cooled and further reduced to particles. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of such a method.
Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) foam has been widely used as insulation material in building and construction and for protection in packaging applications for over 60 years. In insulation applications EPS has long service life and in some cases the material can be recycled. However, presently, incineration with energy recovery is the preferred EPS end of life (EOL) management option in Europe while in other areas like the United States it is more common to be sent to landfill. New regulatory and commercial focus on creating a circular economy is encouraging the development of alternative EOL strategies.
More than 80% of EPS production goes into the insulation of buildings. The majority of this material is flame retarded to reduce the risk of ignition and to reduce flame spread in the event of a fire. Historically, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) has been used as the flame retardant of choice for Expanded Polystyrene (EPS). HBCD was a unique brominated flame retardant (BFR) solution as the chemical substance uniquely satisfied both EPS processing needs and fire safety performance requirements.
In recent years HBCD came under regulatory scrutiny and will be no longer used in EPS applications. HBCD is defined as a Substance of Very High Concerns (SVHC) under REACH and as Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP). As such, waste material containing HBCD should be handled according to the Basel Convention Technical Guideline. Based on this UNEP covered convention, the European POP legislation defines limits for POPs in waste and in products. While for the waste containing HBCD, a limit of 1000 ppm is under final discussion, several different proposals have been made for HBCD limits in EPS products, ranging from 10-1000 ppm. Depending on the limit that will ultimately be set, these rules significantly impact the methods and choices for potential material recovery of valuable materials from EPS insulation.
Mechanical recycling for packaging EPS products is a very well organised set-up with well-established collection and logistics systems. Since it is never possible to recycle all EPS mechanically (due to dirt etc.), a percentage of this waste stream is going to incineration with an excellent energy recovery value (40 MJ/Kg). In the case of insulation foams, mechanical recycling is not practical or not allowed due to the HBCD content of these materials. Therefore, incineration with energy recovery was the best solution for these waste streams. Initially, the halogen content of these materials created concerns about the creation of hazardous incineration by-products, e.g. dioxins, during treatment of mixed waste materials. US Patent 8,609,778 relates to a process for recycling post consumer recycled (PCR) material comprising: providing post-consumer recycle polystyrene (PCR PS) and monovinylarene monomer to a dissolver; mixing the PCR PS and monovinylarene monomer within the dissolver to dissolve the PCR PS in the monovinylarene monomer so as to produce a first mixture; providing the first mixture to a filter system comprising a self-cleaning filter to remove polymeric contaminants from the first mixture to produce a filtered mixture; producing a reaction mixture comprising the filtered mixture; and subjecting the reaction mixture to free-radical solution polymerization conditions to produce the styrenic resin.
European publication EP 1 438 351 relates to a method for producing re-expandable polystyrene by material reprocessing of expanded polystyrene waste, comprising the following steps: (a) dissolving the expanded polystyrene waste in a solvent, b) precipitating the dissolved polystyrene with the help of a precipitant, the polarity of which is less than that of the solvent used and which simultaneously is a foaming agent for expanded polystyrene.
Japanese publication JP200-0198875 relates to a method for the separation of a thermoplastic resin composition into the flame retardant and the thermoplastic resin. This method thus covers a method for treating a flame retardant-containing thermoplastic resin composition comprising the following steps: dispersing a thermoplastic styrenic polymer composition containing a bromine-based flame retardant in a solvent, such as d-limonene, l-limonen and dipentene to dissolve at least a portion of the thermoplastic resin, successively removing at least a portion of the flame retardant or the thermoplastic resin from the solution in which the resin is dissolved and further, removing at least a portion of the thermoplastic resin or the flame retardant from the solution from which the retardant or the thermoplastic resin has been removed.
Japanese publication JP2000-290424 relates to a method for recycling a thermoplastic resin composition containing a bromine-based flame retardant, wherein the method comprises the following steps: bringing the resin composition into contact with water or an alcohol to accelerate of the debromination reaction of the flame retardant to remove the bromine. This Japanese method for recycling the thermoplastic resin composition containing the bromine-based flame retardant also comprises bringing the resin composition into contact with a metal hydroxide, a metal carbonate or octyl alcohol to produce the corresponding bromide salts or octyl bromide, and then separating the produced bromides or octyl bromide from the resin. US patent 6,388,050 relates to method for treating a styrene type resin composition containing a flame retardant comprising a dissolving or dispersing step (a) of bringing a styrene type resin composition containing a bromide flame retardant into contact with a single solvent to dissolve or disperse at least one portion of said flame retardant into said solvent, a separating step (b) of separating a solution or a dispersion of said flame retardant after said step (a), a drying step (c) of drying said styrene type resin composition from which said flame retardant is separated after said step (b). US patent publication 2002-099253 relates to a dehalogenation treatment method of a halogen-containing flame-retardant resin composition comprising a step of bringing the halogen-containing flame-retardant resin composition into contact with a material mixture containing a dehalogenation material and a dehalogenation promoting material at a temperature lower than the thermal decomposition temperature of the resin composition, by kneading the mixture while applying shear force by a biaxial kneading extruder, a kneader, or rotation rolls. The dehalogenation material is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of tetralin, sodium hypophosphite, sodium thiosulfate, ascorbic acid, hydrazine, dimide, formic acid, an aldehyde, a saccharide, hydrogen sulfide, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, titanium, aluminum lithium hydride, lithium hydride, hydrogenated diisobutylaluminum, alcoholic potassium, a metal alkoxide, an amine, and potassium iodide.
Japanese publication JP 2006-009033 relates to a method for extracting flame retardant from a thermoplastic resin containing the flame retardant by using an extractor comprising an extractant-introducing part through which an extractant for extracting the flame retardant is introduced into a thermoplastic resin containing the flame retardant to be extracted, a kneading part in which the extractant introduced is mixed with the thermoplastic resin, and an extractant discharging part through which the extractant is discharged from the thermoplastic resin containing the given extractant mixed therewith. As the kind of the thermoplastic resins the following may be mentioned: vinyl acetate resins, polyoxymethylene, acryl-based resin, polyamide resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polystyrene resin, ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, and a polyolefin resin. Suitable extractants only capable to dissolve extracts additive ingredients contained without these resins are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethyl lactate and dipropylene glycol.
An aspect of the above mentioned methods for treating a styrene type resin composition containing a flame retardant is that these methods result in a by product that has to be treated further or incinerated. Another aspect is that the product obtained contains additional components that affect the physical properties of the product.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling EPS foams comprising halogen containing flame retardants wherein the product obtained fulfils the legal requirements regarding the content of the halogen containing flame retardants.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling EPS foams comprising halogen containing flame retardants wherein the halogen containing flame retardants are chemically converted into environmental stabile compounds.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling EPS foams comprising halogen containing flame retardants wherein a product is obtained that can be reused in EPS foam applications, i.e. as an insulation material in building and construction and for protection in packaging applications.
The present invention thus relates to a method for recycling EPS foams comprising halogen containing flame retardants, wherein said EPS foams in the presence of other starting materials are extruded, cooled and further reduced to particles, characterized in that said step of extrusion is carried out in the presence of at least a halogen scavenger.
The present inventor found that by such a method one or more of the mentioned objects can be achieved.
Examples of the halogen containing flame retardant comprise at least one brominated flame retardant, in particular selected from the group comprising polybrominated diphenylether, polybrominated biphenyls, bis-[dibromopropoxydibromophenyl]propane, hexabromodecane, bis- (tribromophenoxy)ethane and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and brominated butyl rubber (FR-122P).
The figure below is brominated butyl rubber (FR-122P). FR-122P chemical designation is benzene, ethenyl-, polymer with 1,3-butadiene, brominated.
Fig. : Brominated Polybutadiene rubber FR-122P
In the present method the at least a halogen scavenger preferably comprises a bromine scavenger, especially a compound containing at least one member chosen from the group of Ca, Ba, Mg, Sr and Zn. This selected group of alkaline earth elements are metallic elements found in the second group of the periodic table and have shown an acceptable reactivity against the present halogen containing flame retardant, especially the aforementioned brominated flame retardants.
The bromine scavenger according to the invention is preferably an oxide, hydroxide or a combination of oxide and hydroxide. Non limited examples thereof are CaO, BaO, SrO, Ca(0H)2, Ba(OH)2, MgO, Mg(OH)2 and ZnO. Without being held to a particular theory, it is believed that the alkaline earth element or other element as mentioned above reacts with the Br atom present in the brominated flame retardant thereby forming a bromine compound that is highly stabile. This means that the Br atom is no longer present in the brominated flame retardant. The formation of a highly stabile bromine compound is a benefit because the release of Br during the extrusion process will negatively influence the molecular chain length. For example, the addition of CaO has resulted in the formation of CaBr2.
According to another preferred embodiment the present bromine scavenger is a mono stearate, di stearate or a combination of a mono stearate and a di stearate. Metallic stearates are compounds of long-chain fatty acids with metals of different valencies. Its fatty part (depending on the specific metal, 1-3 parts) is based on stearate, oleate, laurate and behenate. Its metal part is based on calcium, aluminium, magnesium and zinc. A preferred embodiment is calcium mono hydroxy stearate.
The present method is especially suitable for EPS foams which originate from EPS containing discarded construction materials. In another embodiment the EPS foams originate from EPS containing discarded packaging materials.
The present inventor found that by using the present method foam particles can be obtained wherein the brominated flame retardant has been neutralised or inactivated by reaction with a bromine scavenger as mentioned above. For example, the foam particles thus obtained comprise CaBr2.
According to an embodiment the EPS foams are mixed with virgin EPS foam particles, a blowing agent and at least a thermal insulation component, wherein said mixture is extruded, cooled and further reduced to particles.
According to another embodiment the EPS foams are mixed with virgin EPS foam particles and at least a thermal insulation component, wherein said mixture is extruded, cooled and further reduced to particles, wherein said particles are subsequently subjected to an impregnation treatment with a blowing agent.
The present invention furthermore relates to the use of a bromine scavenger comprising a compound containing at least one member chosen from the group of Ca, Ba, Mg, Sr and Zn for the manufacture of recycled EPS foam containing particles, wherein the brominated flame retardant has been neutralised or inactivated by reaction with said bromine scavenger.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the table below Lips is low Impact Polystyrene.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2016039A NL2016039B1 (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Method for recycling EPS foams. |
| DE102016125506.8A DE102016125506A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2016-12-22 | Process for the recycling of EPS foams |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2016039A NL2016039B1 (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Method for recycling EPS foams. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2016039A NL2016039A (en) | 2017-06-29 |
| NL2016039B1 true NL2016039B1 (en) | 2017-07-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2016039A NL2016039B1 (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Method for recycling EPS foams. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE102016125506A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL2016039B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4165129A1 (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2023-04-19 | Basf Se | Flame retardant styrene polymer composition and process for recycling styrene polymercontaining scrap |
| EP4229124A1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2023-08-23 | INEOS Styrolution Group GmbH | Method for depolymerizing polymer masses while degrading organic halogen compounds |
| DE102022001442A1 (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2023-10-26 | Styrotec GmbH | Destruction of brominated flame retardants during the recycling of foamed polystyrene insulation material |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3752101B2 (en) | 1998-04-09 | 2006-03-08 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Method for treating thermoplastic resin composition containing flame retardant |
| JP2000290424A (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for regenerating thermoplastic resin composition containing brominated flame retardant |
| JP3736237B2 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2006-01-18 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Method for treating thermoplastic resin composition containing flame retardant |
| US6903242B2 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2005-06-07 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for dehalogenation treatment of halogen containing non-combustible resin composition |
| DE50209030D1 (en) | 2001-10-24 | 2007-02-01 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | RECYCLING FROM WASTE OF EXPANDED POLYMER'S TREATMENTS TO RETROFACTIVELY EXPANDABLE PRODUCTS |
| US8609778B1 (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2013-12-17 | Americas Styrenics, LLC | Styrenic resin incorporating recycled polystyrene |
-
2015
- 2015-12-24 NL NL2016039A patent/NL2016039B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2016
- 2016-12-22 DE DE102016125506.8A patent/DE102016125506A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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| NL2016039A (en) | 2017-06-29 |
| DE102016125506A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
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