MXPA06008877A - A fluid dispenser - Google Patents

Abstract

A fluid dispenser (1) for dispensing a metered volume of a fluid product (2) having a storage chamber (57) for storing the fluid product in;a dispensing outlet (27) through which the fluid product is dispensable from the dispenser;a metering chamber (73) which is adapted to provide the metered volume of the fluid product for dispensing through the dispensing outlet by movement of the metering chamber between a contracted state and an expanded state , movement of the metering chamber from its contracted state to its expanded state placing the metering and storage chambers in fluid communication to enable the metering chamber to receive from the storage chamber an excess volume of the fluid product comprising the metered volume and a surplus volume;and a bleed arrangement (55a, 55b) adapted to bleed the surplus volume of the fluid product from the metering chamber. The metering chamber is defined by a boundary wall having first (43) and second (28) sections, the first and second sections being movable relative to one another to move the metering chamberbetween the expanded and contracted states. At least one transfer port (55a, 55b) is formed in the first section of the metering chamber boundary wall through which the fluid product is transferable from the storage chamber to the metering chamber when the metering chamber moves to the expanded state. An outlet port (33) is provided in the second section through which the fluid product is transferable from the metering chamber to the dispensing outlet.

Description

WO 2005/075100 Al lillS IillliilIllllIIilIUilili Dcc - - - A FLUID DISTRIBUTOR RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the priority of the R.U patent application. No. 0 402 697.7 filed on February 6, 2004, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference. This application also relates to the PCT patent applications of the Applicant that have been filed concurrently therewith under the references of Applicant PB60733-A, PB60733-B, PB60733-C, PB60733-D, PB60733-E (all entitled "A Fluid Distributor ") and PB60733-F (entitled" A Metering Pumping System ") and which respectively claim priority of UK patent applications Nos. 0 402 690.2, 0 402 691.0, 0 402 692.8, 0 402 693.6, 0 402 694.4, and 0 402 695.1 all filed on February 6, 2004, the contents of all these applications hereby incorporated herein by reference .

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dispenser for dispensing a measured volume of a fluid product and is particularly, but not exclusively, concerned with a dispenser for dispensing a measured volume of a fluid medicament, for example, medicaments having liquid formulations. , soft drinks, powder or topical (cream, pasta, etc). The invention also has application in the area of consumer health care, as in the case of toothpaste, suntan lotion, etc.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The fluid product distributors having metering devices are known in the art. As an example, in the medical field the use of metered dose inhalers (MDIs) is well established. In an MDI, the fluid product is contained under pressure in a canister having an open end closed by a valve mechanism. The valve mechanism has a valve body which defines a fixed volume measuring chamber through which a valve rod slides in a sealed manner between fill and discharge positions. In the filling position, the valve rod places the measuring chamber in fluid communication with the contents of the can, but isolates the dosing chamber from the external environment. Conversely, when the valve stem moves to the discharge position, the measurement chamber is placed in fluid communication with the external environment, but is isolated from the contents of the canister. In this way, a measured volume of fluid product is sequentially transferred to the measurement chamber and then discharged to the external environment for inhalation by a patient. The present invention provides a distributor for a fluid product having a new distributor mechanism.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a fluid dispenser according to claim 1. Another aspect is set forth in claim 45 hereof. Exemplary features of the invention are set forth in the other claims of the same and also in the claims of the related applications mentioned above. Other aspects and exemplary features of the invention are found in the exemplary embodiments that will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a intranasal fluid distributor, portable, operable manually according to the present invention that is configured to operate in the distribution of a plurality of measured doses of a liquid thereof, one dose per actuation cycle. Figures 2A to 21 are views in longitudinal sections of the fluid manifold sequentially showing a complete actuation cycle thereof for distributing a measured dose of the liquid. Figure 3 is a schematic elongation of area I in Figure 2F illustrating the opening of an outlet valve of the fluid manifold during an operation distribution mode thereof. Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of an alternative container for use in the fluid dispenser which is of the bag type. Figures 5A to 5G are schematic representations of an alternative valve arrangement for use in the fluid manifold sequentially showing movement of the control members of the inlet and outlet valve during the drive cycle of the fluid manifold.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY MODALITIES OF THE INVENTION Figures 1 to 3 show a fluid distributor 1 according to the present invention whose underlying principle of operation is as described and claimed in international patent applications Nos. PCT / EP03 / 08646 and PCT / EP03 / 08647, the complete contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. The fluid distributor 1 has an outer housing 3 comprising halves of the outer, first and second housing, 5a, 5b. The outer housing 3 is assembled through the interconnection of complementary male and female connectors 7a, 7b formed on the inner surfaces 9a, 9b of the halves of the outer housing 5a, 5b. In this particular embodiment, the male connectors 7a are pins and the female connectors 7b are openings in which the pins are slidably received. The outer housing 3 is preferably made of a plastic material, for example, by molding. More preferably, the outer housing is made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS). As indicated by the broken line in Figure 2A, the outer housing 3 of the fluid distributor 1 is held in the hand H of a human user when the fluid distributor 1 is operated. The user's hand H holding the outer housing 3 is also capable of being used to drive the fluid distributor 1, as will be well understood below. The halves of the outer housing 5a, 5b have a shape similar to a cover by which when assembled they enclose an internal chamber 1 1. As will be understood by reference to Figure 1, for example, at an upper end 13 of the outer housing 3 there is a passage 15 to the inner chamber 1 1 joined by concave recesses 17a, 17b in the halves of the outer housing 5a, 5b. The passage 15 is installed co-axially with a longitudinal axis X-X of the fluid distributor 1 and has a generally circular lateral cross-section. The passage 15 receives a nozzle 19 from the fluid distributor 1, which in this embodiment is formed and sized for insertion into a nasal orifice of a human user (i.e., a nasal nozzle). In this way, the fluid distributor 1 is an intra-nasal fluid distributor. For this purpose, the nasal nozzle 19 in this particular embodiment has an outer surface 20 having a generally circular lateral cross section and which curves laterally inwardly in the upward direction denoted by the arrow U. The nasal nozzle 19 is preferably made from a plastic material, for example, of polypropylene (PP), and can, for example, be formed by molding. As will be seen from Figures 2A and 3, the nasal nozzle 19 is axially aligned with the longitudinal axis XX and has a longitudinal interior surface 21 for directing the liquid distributed from the distributor 1 in the upward direction U along the longitudinal axis XX. The nasal nozzle 19 has an inner, open-ended, generally cylindrical tubular section 23 whose inner circumferential surface 25 defines the interior surface of the nozzle 21. In addition, the tubular section 23 provides an upper opening 27 of the inner surface of the nozzle 21 which is the outlet orifice of the fluid distributor 1. As will be appreciated, the nasal nozzle 19 can be of other shapes and configurations suitable for insertion into a human nostril. A generally cylindrical valve body 28 of a one-way outlet valve (no return), check valve type 30 is sealed in a sealed manner on an outer circumferential surface 29 of the inner tubular nozzle section 23 at its end. bottom 31 so that a lateral bottom end wall 34 of the generally U-shaped valve body 28 is positioned below an opening 32 of the interior nozzle surface 21. The lateral bottom end wall 34 of the valve body 28 includes a valve opening 33 and an outlet valve control member 35 in use to selectively position the outlet valve opening 33 and the interior surface of the nozzle 21 in communication fluid so that a measured volume (metered dose) of the liquid 2 is capable of flowing through the outlet valve 30 on the interior surface of the nozzle 21, as will be described in more detail below in the present. The outlet valve control member 35 has a tubular rod, generally cylindrical, which is open at its upper end and closed by a protruding plate at its lower end. One or more openings 40 are provided in the tubular rod. The tubular rod is slidably mounted in a sealed manner in the lower opening 32 of the inner surface of the nozzle 21. The outlet valve control member 35 is deflected by a return spring of outlet valve 38, preferably formed integrally with the outlet valve control member 35, to a rest position in which the protruding plate of the outlet valve 35 exit valve control member 35 sealingly closes the valve opening 33 when resting on a valve seat 36, as shown in Figure 2A. During actuation of the fluid manifold 1, the outlet valve control member 35 is lifted from the valve seat 36 to place the valve opening 33 in fluid communication with the interior nozzle surface 21 through one or more openings 40. in the tubular stem of the outlet valve control member 35, as will be described in more detail herein below, particularly with reference to Figure 3. The components 28, 35 of the metering valve 30 can be made of polypropylene (PP), for example, by molding. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, for example, the valve body 28 has an outer circumferential surface 37 on which sealing rings, upper and lower, 39, 41 are provided. The sealing rings, upper and lower 39, 41 can be formed integrally with the valve body 28 or can be separate valve components. As will be seen from a comparison of Figures 2A and 2B with Figures 2C to 2E, a generally U-shaped sliding member 43 is mounted in a sealed manner, slidably on the outer circumferential surface 37 of the valve body in the form of U 28 for reciprocation along the longitudinal axis XX between the positions, upper and lower, relative to the U-shaped valve body 28. More particularly, the U-shaped sliding member 43 has a longitudinal, generally circular, side wall 45. having an inner circumferential surface 47 which slides in a sealed manner over the sealing rings, upper and inner 39, 41 in the valve body 28. The U-shaped sliding member 43 further has a side lower end wall 49 which, in the upper position, it abuts the side lower end wall 34 of the valve body 28 (see, for example, Figures 2A, 2B and 2F to 21), and that, in the lower position (Figures 2D and 2E), it is separated downwardly from the side lower end wall 34 of the valve body 28. It can therefore be noted that the U-shaped valve body 28 and the U-shaped sliding member 43 are they install in a nest configuration. The longitudinal side wall 45 of the U-shaped sliding member 43 has a connection protrusion extending outwards 51 at an intermediate position of its circumferential surface 53. As better illustrated in Figures 2B and 3, four angularly transfer ports separated 55a, 55b (only two shown) extend laterally through the longitudinal side wall 45 of the U-shaped sliding member 43 at a position below the connecting projection 51. Of course, the number of transfer ports can be decreased or increased as desired. In this embodiment, the U-shaped sliding member 43 is made of a plastic material, for example, by molding. A preferred plastic material is polypropylene (PP). A hollow container containing liquid, generally cylindrical 57 is fixed to the U-shaped sliding member 43 for reciprocation therewith on the longitudinal axis X-X. In particular, the container 57 has an open end container body 56 having a generally U-shaped head 59 at an upper end 61 which is nested with the U-shaped sliding member 43 to engage in a sealed, fixed manner with the projection of the container. connection 51 of the U-shaped sliding member 43, for example, by adhesion therebetween. As best shown further in Figures 2B and 3, the connection is such that the lower section 60 of the outer circumferential surface 53 of the U-shaped sliding member 43, which is below the connecting projection 51, is laterally separated towards inside the inner circumferential surface 62 of the head of the U-shaped container 59 to form an annular channel 64 therebetween, which is sealingly sealed at the upper end 61 by the connecting projection 51 and into which the transfer ports 55a, 55b open. The container body 56 further has an elongated hollow base 63 at a lower end 65 and a hollow neck 67 extending longitudinally from the base 63 to the head 59. A sealing piston 69 is slidably mounted, sealed at the base of the housing. container body 63 for sealingly sealing the container body 56 at the lower end 65. In this embodiment the container body 56 is made of glass, although, of course, other inert materials can be used, for example, a plastic material , such as polypropylene (PP). Where the container body 56 is made of a plastic material, it can be connected to the projection 51 of the plastic U-shaped sliding member 43 by welding, for example, by ultrasonic welding.

In this embodiment, the sealing piston 69 is made of a plastic material, for example, by welding, and is preferably made of butyl rubber. In this particular embodiment, the container 57 contains a liquid medicament formulation. As will be appreciated by the skilled person in the art, the lower end of the annular channel 64 around the U-shaped sliding member 43 is in fluid communication with the inner volume of the neck of the container body 67 which, in turn, is in fluid communication with the inner volume of the base of the closed container body 63. Therefore, it will be understood that the container 57 cooperates with the sliding member 43 to define an internal container volume 71 that is only open in the transfer ports 55a 55b due to the inner volume 71 being sealed by the sealing piston 69 at the lower end 65 and by the connecting projection 51 at the upper end 61. For convenience, the assembly of the U-shaped sliding member 43 and the container 57 will now be referred to as the "container unit 58". Importantly, as will be appreciated from recourse to FIGS. 2C to 2E and 3, the U-shaped sliding member 43 and the lateral bottom end wall 34 of the measuring valve body 28 cooperate to define a pumping measuring chamber. 73 between them that either selectively seals or opens to the transfer ports 55a, 55b or the inner surface of the nozzle 21 depending on the sliding position of the container unit 58 on the valve body 28, as will be detailed further below in the present. The fluid distributor 1 is filled with sufficient liquid 2 which, before it is used first, completely fills the interior volume of container 71, including annular channel 64. Moreover, the operation of the fluid distributor is such that the interior volume of the fluid Container 71 is kept without air, that is, there is no upper space. As shown in Figure 2A, for example, a compression-type return spring 75 acts on the base of the container 63 to deflect the container unit 58 in the upward direction U to a superior sliding position in the outer housing 3 in which the U-shaped sliding member 43 is placed in its upper position in the valve body 28. As will be more fully understood more shortly hereinbelow, the fluid distributor 1 is adapted so that, in its condition At rest or not actuated, the container unit 58 is placed in the upper sliding position by the return spring 75. As illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B, for example, the upper sliding position of the container unit 58 is defined by the abutting the side lower end wall 49 of the U-shaped sliding member 43 with the side lower end wall 34 of the valve body 28 (i.e., when the sliding member fo U 43 is in its upper sliding position in the valve body 28. In this way, it will be appreciated that the pumping measurement chamber 73 does not have, or substantially does not have, a volume in the idle state of the fluid distributor 1 . Further, in the upper sliding position of the U-shaped member 43 the transfer ports 55a, 55b are placed between the sealing rings, upper and lower, 39, 41 in the valve body 28. In addition, the control member of exit valve 35 is in its closed position. Consequently, the measuring chamber 73 is not in fluid communication with the internal volume counter 71 of the container 57 not with the inner surface of the nozzle 21. That is, the measuring chamber 73 is sealed. In this way, the internal volume 71 of the container unit 58 is completely sealed in the state of rest of the fluid distributor 1 in so many pollutants, so that the air and humidity, can not enter the interior volume of the container 71 at its end lower 65, due to the sealing piston 69, nor to the upper end 61 by virtue of the position of the transfer ports 55a, 55b between the sealing rings 39, 41, the collapsed state of the measuring chamber 73 and the closed position of the member of valve control 35. Of course, it will be appreciated that the components of the fluid manifold 1 are made of fluid impervious materials. As will be described in more detail hereinafter in more detail, the fluid distributor 1 is provided with a hand operable drive mechanism 100 for reciprocation of the container unit 58 along the longitudinal axis XX to cause a measured dose of liquid 2 is distributed. In broad terms, the drive mechanism 100 drives the container unit 58 downwards in the direction of the arrow D against the return force of the return spring 75. By doing so, the U-shaped sliding member 43 part of the body of valve 28 to increase the volume of the measuring chamber 73, as shown in Figures 2C to 2E. This results in a negative or vacuum pressure occurring in the measuring chamber 73. Eventually, the transfer ports 55a, 55b slide past the lower sealing ring 41 to position the measuring chamber 73 and the inner volume of the container 71 in fluid communication with each other. The liquid in the container 57 is then drawn into the measuring chamber 73 due to the negative pressure created in the measuring chamber 73 during the downward stroke of the container unit 58. In this aspect, the sealing piston 69 slides upwards in the base of the container 63, under the influence of the negative pressure, to reduce the inner volume 71 of the container 57 by an amount equivalent to the liquid volume transferred in the measuring chamber 73. According to the above, no upper space is generated on the liquid 2 in the container 57 during the filling of the measuring chamber 73. It should be noted that the exit valve control member 35 remains closed in the downward stroke to prevent the escape of any of the liquid 2 transferred in the measuring chamber 73 during this operation filling mode of the fluid distributor 1. Once the down stroke is complete, and the container unit 58 is in its lower sliding position shown in Figure 2E, the return spring 75 is released to drive the container unit 58 upward and compresses the measurement chamber 73. For To this end, the hydraulic force necessary to cause the sealing piston 69 in the base of the container 63 to slide down is less than that required to open the control member of the outlet valve 35. As a result, during a phase initial of the ascending return golde of the container unit 58 in the outer housing 3 a proportion of the liquid 2 in the measuring chamber 73 is poured back to the inner volume of the container 71 through the transfer ports 55a, 55b resulting in the sealing piston 69 sliding down at the base of container 63. This is the spill operation mode of fluid distributor 1. In the spill operation mode the sealing piston 69 moves downward to a new rest position that separates upwards from its previous rest position before the filling operation mode. The increase in the interior volume of the container 71 in the spill mode is equivalent to the volume of liquid spilled back to it. In this way, no upper space is created in the inner volume of the container 71 in the spill mode. In an intermediate sliding position of the container unit 58 during the ascending return stroke, not shown, the transfer ports 55a, 55b are juxtaposed with the lower sealing ring 41 to close as well. At this point in the ascending return stroke no more liquid 2 is able to spill back into container 57. In addition, the measurement chamber 73 now defines the measurement volume of the fluid distributor 1 and is filled with a measured volume of the liquid 2 transferred therein during the filling operation mode. In this particular embodiment, the measurement volume is 50 μL, although, of course, the fluid distributor 1 can be made to produce other measurement volumes depending on the specific application and / or product to be distributed. During the final phase of the ascending return stroke of the container unit 58, in which the container unit 58 slides from the intermediate sliding position to the upper sliding position, the volume of the measurement chamber 73 continues to decrease to increase the hydraulic pressure therein causing the exit valve control member 35 to lift the outlet valve seat 36 and the measured liquid volume 2 to be pumped from the measurement chamber 73 out of the distributor outlet orifice 27 through the surface nozzle interior 21. this is the operation distribution mode of the fluid distributor 1 and is shown schematically in Figure 3. At the end of the return stroke the exit valve control member 35 closes the outlet valve opening 33. As it will be appreciated, a driving cycle of the fluid distributor 1 results in the sealing piston 69 moving upward by a quantity which results in the interior volume of the container 71 being reduced by the measured volume. This ensures that no top space is provided in the interior volume of the container 71 thus ensuring that no air is present therein. Accordingly, the repeated use of the fluid distributor 1 causes the sealing piston 60 to move upwardly upwardly until it abuts against the roof 66 of the base of the container 63 where no further distribution has entrainment. The use of the return spring 75 to drive the container unit 58 upwards for the spill and distribution modes removes the inconsistencies of human force from the use of the fluid distributor 1. The pumping force of the fluid distributor 1 is such as to produce an atomized spray having a uniform and relatively small drop size ideal for supplying the user's nasal passage. For example, the fluid distributor 1 can be adapted to distribute the volume measured as a drop spray having a diameter in the range of 10-20 μm. Bearing in mind the above description of the reciprocal pumping action of the container unit 58 in the outer housing 3 along the longitudinal axis XX, it will be noted that the actuation of the drive mechanism 100 of the fluid distributor 1 has three effects sequential, mainly: (1) Create a filling mode in which a volume in excess of the liquid 2 is removed from the container 57 to the measuring chamber 73 by the negative pressure created in the measuring chamber 73 as it expands. (2) Create a spill mode in which the excess volume of the liquid 2 in the measuring chamber 73 is returned to the container 57 to leave a measured volume in the measuring chamber 73 as the measuring chamber 73 starts to compress. (3) A mode of distribution in which the measured volume is pumped from the distributor 1 as the measurement chamber 73 completes its compression at zero volume, or substantially zero. Each additional actuation of the drive mechanism 100 results in this cycle of events repeating until the sealing piston 69 abuts the roof 66 of the base of the container 63. In this particular embodiment, the inner volume 71 of the base of the container 63, which corresponds to the volume of liquid 2 which is distributable from the fluid distributor 1, is 14 ml. Consequently, the fluid distributor 1 has 280 drives. By way of example, the container 57 can be filled with the liquid 2 after it has been assembled in the fluid distributor 1 by forming the sealing piston 69 so that it is capable of being sealedly pierced by a needle-like object. and then sealed again after removal of the needle-like object (e.g., a "septum"). In this way, the liquid could be injected through the sealing piston 69. For this purpose, it will be seen from Figure 1 that the halves of the outer housing 5a, 5b each have a base with a concave cut 81 a, 81 b that, when the outer housing 3 is assembled, provide an opening in the base of the outer housing. The injector could be inserted through the sealing piston 69 through this opening. An alternative filling method is vacuum filling, as will be understood by the person skilled in the art. A description of the drive mechanism 100 will now be given with reference to Figures 2 and 3. The drive mechanism is based on the lever in the sense that the drive is effected through a drive lever 101 which is mounted to the outer housing 3 in a longitudinal groove 102 thereof formed by the union of opposite sides of the halves of the outer housing 5a, 5b. The actuating lever 101 has a lower end 103 which is pivotally connected to the outer housing 3 at a pivot point 1 05 for pivotal movement about a first lateral pivot axis P1 -P1. The actuating lever 101 has an inner surface 107 on which a return leaf spring 108 depends. The return leaf spring 108, which is preferably a fully formed part of the lever 101, cooperates with the base of the container 63 for deviating the actuating lever 101 to an external rest position in which it forms a level adjustment in the outer housing 3, as shown in Figure 2A, for example. This is the position that the actuating lever 101 adopts in the rest or non-actuated state of the fluid distributor 1. As illustrated in Figures 2A to 2C, to operate the drive mechanism 100 the user picks up the fluid distributor 1 in his hand H and pushes the actuating lever 101 from its outward rest position towards the outer housing 3 to cause turn around the first pivot axis P1 -P1 against the return force of the leaf spring 108. The user uses a digit of the hand H holding the fluid distributor 1 to push the actuating lever 101 inwards, in this case its thumb T. The actuating lever 1 01 is returned to the outer return position in the release, or relaxation, of the pushing force F on the actuating lever 101 by the return spring 108. In this particular embodiment, the The user pushes the actuating lever 101 inward after the nozzle 19 has been inserted into one of its nostrils. Mounted on the inner surface 107 of the actuating lever 101 at an upper end 104 thereof is a laterally extending drive structure 109 which is thus constructed and installed in the fluid distributor 1 to transmit the internal povital movement of the actuating lever 101 in a downward driving force in the container unit 58 to effect the downward stroke thereof, as described hereinabove. More particularly, the drive structure 109 has an outer generally U-shaped bearing structure 1 1 1 pivotally connected to the drive lever 101 for pivotal movement about a second side pivot axis P2-P2 extending generally parallel to the first pivot axis P1 -P1. The outer U-shaped carrier structure 1 1 1 has a pair of generally parallel side members 1 13a, 1 13b which is mounted on the neck 67 of the container 57 on opposite sides thereof and are connected at first ends thereof to points of pivot 1 15a, 1 1 5b on the inner surface of actuating lever 107, and a cross bar member 1 1 7 connecting the side members 1 13a, 1 13b at second ends thereof. In this way, the outer U-shaped carrier structure 1 1 1 forms a structure similar to a hollow box with the actuating lever 101 enclosing the neck 67 of the container 57. The outer U-shaped bearing structure 1 1 1 has further a return leaf spring 1 1 9a, 1 19b depending on the first end of each side member 1 13a, 1 13b cooperating with the inner surface 107 of the actuating lever 101 to deflect the U-shaped carrier structure 1 1 1 to a higher turning position which, for example, is shown in Figure 2A.

The drive structure 1 09 further comprises a generally U-shaped inner cam structure 121 which is carried by the outer U-shaped carrier structure 1 1 1 inside it. The inner cam structure 121 has a pair of generally parallel lateral members 123a123b which are generally installed parallel to the side members 1 13a, 1 13b of the outer carrier structure 1 1 1. The side members of the inner cam structure 123a, 123b are each provided with an outwardly projecting drag 125a, 125b at a first end thereof which is received in a longitudinal side opening 127a, 127b formed in the lateral member of outer carrier structure, adjacent 1 13a, 1 13b between the ends thereof, first and second. The side members of the inner cam structure 123a, 123b are also each provided with an inwardly projecting cam element 129a, 129b of wing-like cross-section, the function of which is further emphasized hereinafter. The inner cam structure 121 further has a cross bar member 131 which connects the side members 123a, 123b in second ends thereof. The cross-bar member of inner cam structure 131 is configured as a C-shaped fastener that is clamped to the cross bar member 1 17 of the outer carrying structure 1 1 1 to allow the inner cam structure 121 to be pivotal about Of the same.

The pivotal movement of the inner cam structure 121 in the outer carrier structure 1 1 1 is governed by sliding movement of the trailers 125a, 125b in the associated sliding apertures 1 27a, 127b. Specifically, the final limits of the pivotal movement of the inner cam structure 121 around the cross bar member 1 17 of the outer carrier structure 1 1 1 between the pivot, lower and upper positions, are determined respectively by the abutment of the trawls. 125a, 125b with the ends, lower and upper, of the longitudinal sliding openings 127a, 127b. In this regard, and referring to Figure 1, the inner cam structure 121 still comprises a return leaf spring 133a, 133b projecting upwards from each opposite end of the crossbar member 131. The return leaf springs 133a, 133b of the inner cam structure 121 each cooperate with a abutment surface 134 on the adjacent outer carrier member side member 13a, 1 13b to deflect the inner cam structure 121 in the direction descending D to its lower pivot position. In this way, in the rest state of the fluid distributor 1 shown in Figure 2A, for example, the trailers 125a, 125b of the inner cam structure 121 are held against the lower ends of the sliding openings 127a, 127b of the outer carrier structure 1 1 1. The function of the inner cam structure 121 is to convert the inward movement of the actuating lever 101 into a falling cam action in the container unit 58 and thus place the fluid distributor 1 in its filling mode. For this purpose, a pair of cam followers formed in the diametrically opposite pin 135a, 135b (only one shown) extend laterally from the neck 67 to the container 57. The cam followers 135a, 135b and cam elements 129a, 129b in the inner cam structure 121 cooperate to produce the downward stroke of the container unit 58 representing the filling mode, as will now be described in more detail. When the fluid distributor 1 is in a state of rest, the parts of the component thereof adopt the relative positions shown in Figure 2A. Remarkably, the container unit 58 is held in its upper sliding position by the return spring 75, the actuating lever 101 is in its pivotally outward position, the outer carrier structure 1 1 1 is in its upper pivot position and the Inner cam structure 121 is in its lower pivot position. Referring to Figures 2A and 2B, to drive the drive mechanism 100 the drive lever 101 is turned inward, as previously discussed, and this pivotal inward movement is transmitted to the drive structure 109 causing it to move laterally toward in. In an initial phase of the inward movement of the drive structure 109, the inner carrier structure 121 moves from its lower pivot position relative to the outer cam structure 1 1 1 to its upper pivot position as a result of the elements of cam 129a, 129b going on the upper surfaces of cam followers 135a, 135b. In other words, the trailers 125a, 125b are caused to slide upwardly in the slidable openings 127a, 127b of the lower end of the sliding openings 127a, 127b to the upper ends with concomitant compression of the leaf springs of the inner cam structure. 133a, 1 33b. Once the trailers 125a, 125b reach the upper ends of the sliding openings 127a, 127b, the inner carrier structure 121 is "fixed" in its upper pivot position. Referring to Figures 2C and 2D, the continuous inward movement of the actuating lever 101 leads to an intermediate phase of inward movement of the drive structure 109 in which the cam elements 129a, 129b act on the cam followers 135a, 1 35b to move the container unit 58 in the downward direction D to its lower sliding position against the return force of the return spring 75. This moves the fluid distributor 1 towards its filling in which the measuring chamber 73 expands and places in fluid communication with the liquid 2 in the container 57. Referring to Figures 2E and 2F, the further inward movement of the drive lever 101 leads to a terminal phase of inward movement of the drive structure 1 09 in which the cam elements 129a, 129b are disengaged from the followers 135a, 135b whereby the return spring 75 operates to return the container unit 58 to its upper sliding position. This moves the fluid distributor 1 sequentially through its modes of operation, spill and distribution, described hereinabove, so that a measured volume of the liquid 2 is discharged from the nasal nozzle 19 as an atomized spray S (Figures 2F). and 3) in the user's nasal cavity. Figure 3 shows in detail how the exit valve control member 35 is lifted from the outlet valve seat 36 during the distribution mode by the hydraulic pressure formed in the measurement chamber 73 once the measurement chamber 73 is Seal after the spill mode. As indicated by the arrows, this allows the liquid 2 to be pumped through the outlet valve opening 33, around the side of the control member of the outlet valve 35, through the opening (s). 40 in the outlet valve control member 35 and out of the outlet hole 27 through the interior nozzle surface 21. Further, once the cam members 129a, 129b are disengaged from the cam followers 135a, 135b the return leaf springs 1 33a, 133b of the inner cam structure 121 are free to slide the trailers 125a, 125b downwardly. in the sliding openings 127a, 127b to return the inner cam structure 121 to its lower sliding position in the outer carrier structure 1 1 1. This is clearly shown in Figure 2F. As shown in Figure 2E, for example, the inward movement of the drive structure 109 is delimited by abutment of the crossbar 131 of the inner cam structure 121 with an inner surface of the outer housing 3. Once the fluid distributor 1 has distributed the measured liquid volume, the user can remove or reduce the inwardly moving force F on the actuating lever 101 to allow the return leaf spring of the actuating lever 108 to return the lever drive 101 to its external rest position to reposition the fluid distributor 1 in its rest mode in preparation for its next use. This sequence is shown in Figures 2G to 21 from which it is noted that, in an initial phase of the concomitant return outward movement of the drive structure 109, the cam elements 129a, 129b re-engage the cam followers 135a , 135b, although this time going on the lower cam follower surfaces due to the trailers 125a, 125b now being at the lower ends of the sliding openings 127a, 127b. Furthermore, for the same reason, the outer carrier structure 1 1 1 is tilted to its lower pivot position in the drive lever 101. Towards the end of the return movement of the drive mechanism 100 to its idle state, the elements of cam 129a, 129b are disengaged from cam followers 135a, 135b thereby allowing the outer carrier structure 1 1 1 and inner cam structure 121 to return to their respective rest states. In this embodiment, the actuating lever 101, the outer carrier structure 1 1 1 and the inner cam structure 121 are made of a plastic material, for example, ABS, as an example by molding. In a modification of the fluid distributor 1, the container 57 can be replaced by a bag structure which would contract and expand equivalently, and for equivalent function, such as the container 57, for example, being made of a flexible material, for example , a plastic material. An advantage of a bag structure over the container 57 would be that which avoids the need for a complex structure for shrinkage and expansion of its interior volume. An example of a bag container 157 is shown in Figure 4 with similar reference numbers indicating similar characteristics in the container 57 of Figures 1 to 3. The bag container 157 has a head 159 and a neck 167 corresponding to those in the container 57. The base 163 of the bag container 157 is formed by a bag member that expands / contracts depending on the mode of operation of the fluid distributor 1. Referring now to Figures 5A to 5G, an alternative valve installation for use in the fluid manifold 1 of Figures 1 to 3 is shown. For simplicity, those characteristics in the alternative valve installation that are equivalent to the characteristics of the Valve installation shown in Figures 1 to 3 are ascribed as reference numbers. As shown in Figures 5A to 5G, a relief inlet valve 150 is positioned between the metering chamber 73 and the inner volume 71 of the container 57 that remains closed differently than when the downward stroke of the container unit 58 is initiated. while it is temporarily caused to open by the reduced pressure created in the measuring chamber 73 during this phase. This allows the liquid 2 to enter the measuring chamber 73 before the transfer ports 55a-c (three shown at this time) are placed in fluid communication with the measuring chamber 73. This makes it easier to move the container unit 58 in the downward direction D against the reduced pressure in the measuring chamber 73 until the transfer ports 55a-c are opened, while the liquid 2 enters the measuring chamber 73 therethrough. This results in the pressure in the measuring chamber 73 increasing, which bypasses the inlet valve 150 back to its closed position. The filling of the measuring chamber 73 then continues through the transfer ports 55a-c as previously described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. More particularly, the inlet valve 150 has an inlet valve opening 1 51 in the side lower end wall 49 of the U-shaped sliding member 43 and an input valve control element 153 slidably mounted in a sealed manner in the inlet valve opening 151 for movement between a closed position, shown in FIG. Figure 5A, in which the inlet valve control element 153 is seated in the inlet valve seat 152 to close the opening of the inlet valve 151 to prevent fluid communication between the measurement chamber 73 and the interior volume 71 of the container 57, and an open position, shown in Figure 5B, in which the inlet valve control element 153 moves the inlet valve seat. 152 to open the opening of the inlet valve 151 to place the measurement chamber 73 and the interior volume 71 of the container 57 in fluid communication. The inlet valve 150 further has a return spring 155 which biases the inlet valve control element 153 to its closed position. Figure 5A shows that the inlet valve control element 153 is deflected by the return spring 155 to the closed position in the idle state of the fluid distribution 1. When the actuating mechanism 100 is actuated by inward movement of the actuating lever 101, the U-shaped sliding member 43 moves downward with respect to the outlet valve body 28 causing the measuring chamber 73 to expand from your contracted state. The reduced or negative pressure that this creates in the measuring chamber 73 pulls the inlet valve control element 153 up from the inlet valve seat 152 to its open position against the return force of the inlet valve return spring 155 The reduced pressure in the measuring chamber 73 then draws the liquid 2 into the measuring chamber 73 of the container 57 through the opening of the inlet valve 151, as shown in Figure 5B. At this point, the transfer ports 55a-c are still closed in the sense that they have not passed under the lower sealing ring 41. As the downward movement of the U43 sliding member continues during the filling operation of the fluid distributor 1, the measuring chamber 73 continues to expand and withdraw the liquid 2 through the inlet valve 150 until the transfer ports 55a-c are opened, so that liquid 2 can be drawn into measurement chamber 73 through them, as shown in Figure 5C. As further shown by Figure 5C, as the pressure in the measuring chamber 73 increases at the liquid intake 2 therein, the return force of the inlet valve return spring 155 deflects the control element from inlet valve 153 back to inlet valve seat 152 to close inlet valve opening 151. The measuring chamber 73 is then filled through the transfer ports 55a-c as the U-shaped sliding member 43 completes its downward stroke. As shown in Figures 5A to 5D, the outlet valve 130 remains closed during the entire down stroke. Specifically, the exit valve control element 135 is deflected by the exit valve return spring 138 in the sealing clutch in the outlet valve opening 133 (the closed position). Figures 5E to 5G represent the upward stroke of the container 57 from which it will be seen that the inlet valve 150 remains closed. Figures 5F and 5G show that after the transfer of the ports 55a-c are closed again by the lower sealing ring 41, the hydraulic pressure in the measuring chamber 73 is sufficient to open the outlet valve 130 to allow the discharge of the measured volume contained in the measuring chamber 73. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5F, the hydraulic pressure created in the measuring chamber 73 forces the output valve control element 135 to slide upwardly in the opening of the measuring chamber. the outlet valve 133 against the biasing force of the exit valve return spring 138 to allow the liquid in the measurement chamber 73 to pass through the outlet valve 130 to the exit port 27 (the open position). As shown in Figure 5G, once the measured volume has been distributed, the exit valve return spring 138 returns the exit valve control element 135 to its closed position. The inlet and outlet valve control members 135, 153 can be made of a plastic material, such as polypropylene (PP), for example, by molding. The fluid dispenser 1 described above provides high accuracy dosing of a sealed system that protects liquid 2 from contamination of the external environment. For example, the non-return outlet valve 30; 130 prevents the entry of air. In addition, the inner volume of the container 71 is isolated from the outlet orifice 27 by the outlet valve 30; 1 30 and the closing of the outlet valve opening 33 by the U-shaped sliding member 43 in the resting state of the distributor. According to the foregoing, the liquid may be free of preservative, of particular benefit when the liquid is a medicament. The distributor 1 is also distributed without the need for a submersion tube, and there is no return drain. Other advantages of the fluid dispenser 1 that can be mentioned are, without limitation: • Its compaction due to its installation in line, compared, for example, with the distributor described in International patent application Nos. PCT / EP03 / 08646 and PCT / EP03 / 08647. • The user's need to move only the actuating lever 101 in a single direction to produce a complete drive cycle. Where the dispenser of the invention is a drug distributor, for example, an intranasal drug dispenser, administration of the medicament can be indicated for the treatment of acute, chronic, mild, moderate or severe symptoms or for prophylactic treatment.

The appropriate medicaments can thus be selected, for example, analgesics, for example, codeine, dihydromorphine, ergotamine, fentanyl or morphine; anginal preparations, for example, diltiazem; antiallergics, for example, cromoglycate (for example, as the sodium salt), quetotifen or nedocromil (for example, as the sodium salt); anti-infectives, for example, cephalosporins, penicillins, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and pentamidine; antihistamines, for example, metapyrylene; anti-inflammatories, for example, beclomethasone (e.g., as the dipropionate ester), fluticasone (e.g., as the propionate ester, flunisolide, budesonide, rofleponide, mometasone (e.g., as the furoate ester), ciclesonide, triamcinolone (for example, as acetonide), 6a-9a-difluoro-1 1β-hydroxy-16a-methyl-3-oxo-17a-propionyloxy-androsta-1,4-diene-7β-carbothioic acid S- ( 2-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl) ester or 6a-9a-difluoro-17a - [(2-furanylcarbonyl] oxy] -1 1β-hydroxy-16a-methyl-3-oxo-androsta-1, 4 Diene-17β-carbothioic S-fluoromethyl ester, antitussives, for example, noscapine, bronchodilators, for example, albuterol (for example, as sulfate or free base), salmeterol (for example, as xinafoate), ephedrine, adrenaline, fenoterol ( for example, as hydrobromide), formoterol (for example, as fumarate), isoprenaline, metaproterenol, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pirbuterol (for example, as acetate), reproterol (for example, as hydrochloride). ro), rimiterol, terbutaline (for example, as sulfate), isoetarin, tulobuterol or 4-hydroxy-7- [2 - [[2 - [[3- (2-phenylethoxy) propyl] sulfonyl] ethyl] amino] ethyl- 2 (3H) -benzothiazolone; PDE4 inhibitors, for example, cilomilast or roflumilast; leukotriene antagonists, eg, montelukast, pranlukast and zafirlukast; [adenosine 2A agonists, eg, 2R, 3R, 4S, 5R) -2- [6-Amino-2- (1 S-hydroxymethyl-2-phenylethylamino) -purin-9-yl] -5 - (2-ethyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl) -tetrahydro-furan-3,4-diol (for example, as maleate)]; [inhibitors of integrin a4 for example (2S) -3- [4- ( { [4- (aminocarbonyl) -1-piperidinyl] carbonyl} oxy] phenyl] -2 - [((2S) -4 -methyl-2- { [2- (2-methylphenoxy) acetyl] amino.}. pentanoyl) amino] propanic (eg, as potassium salt or free acid)], diuretics, eg, amiloride, anticholinergics, for example, ipatropium (for example, as bromide), tiotropium, atropine or oxitropium; hormones, for example, cortisone, hydrocortisone or prednisolone; xanthines, for example, aminophylline, choline theophyllinate, lysine theophyllinate or theophylline; therapeutic proteins and peptides, for example, insulin or glucagons. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that, where appropriate, the medicaments can be used in the form of salts, (for example, as amine or alkali metal salts or as acid addition salts) or as esters (e.g. , lower alkyl esters) or as solvates (eg, hydrates) to optimize the activity and / or stability of the medicament and / or to minimize the solubility of the medicament in the propellant. Preferably, the medicament is an anti-inflammatory compound for the treatment of inflammatory disorders or diseases such as asthma and rhinitis.

The drug can be a glucocorticoid compound, which has anti-inflammatory properties. A suitable glucocorticoid compound has the chemical name: 6a-9a-difluoro-17a- (1-oxopropoxy) -1 1 ß-hydroxy-16a-methyl-3-oxo-androsta-1,4-diene-17β-carbothioic acid S-fluoromethyl ester (fluticasone propionate). Another suitable glucocorticoid compound has the chemical name: 6a, 9a-difluoro-17a - [(2-furanylcarbonyl) oxy] -1 1ß-hydroxy-16-methyl-3-oxo-androsta-1,4-diene. 17ß-carbothioic S-fluoromethyl ester. An additional suitable glucocorticoid compound has the chemical name: 6a, 9a-difluoro-1 1β-hydroxy-16a-methi 1-17a - [(4-methyl-1-1, 3-thiazoI-5-carbonyl) oxy] -3-oxo-and rosta- 1, 4-diene-1 7β-carbothioic S-fluoromethyl ester. Other suitable anti-inflammatory compounds include NSAIDs, for example, PDE4 inhibitors, leukotriene antagonists, NOS inhibitors, elastase and tryptase inhibitors, integrin beta-2 antagonists and adenosine 2a agonist. The medicament is formulated as any suitable fluid formulation, particularly a solution (eg, aqueous) formulation or a suspension formulation, optionally containing other pharmaceutically acceptable additive components. The formulation may contain a preservative, although the sealed system of the distributor may deny the need for this. The medication formulation can incorporate two or more medications. The dispenser therein is suitable for dispensing fluid medicament formulations for the treatment of inflammatory and / or allergic conditions of the nasal passages such as rhinitis, for example, temporal or perennial rhinitis as well as other local inflammatory conditions such as asthma, COPD. and dermatitis. A suitable dosage regimen would be for the patient to inhale slowly through the nose subsequent to the nasal cavity that clears. During inhalation the formulation would be applied to one nasal cavity while the other is manually compressed. This procedure would then be repeated for the other nasal cavity. Typically, one or two inhalations per nasal cavity would be administered by the above procedure up to three times a day, ideally once a day. Each dose, for example, can supply 5μg, 50μg, 100μg, 200μg or 250μg of active medication. The precise dosage is either known or easily ascertainable by those skilled in the art. It will be understood by the reader skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein with reference to the figures of the drawings, but may be varied to take other appearances within the scope of the appended claims. As an example, the distributor of the invention does not need to be portable or operable by hand. In addition, the dispenser can be used to supply any number of different fluid, medicinal or non-medicinal products, as outlined above. Additionally, the dispenser can form an internal part of a device unit so that the dispenser supplies a measured volume of the fluid product to another internal part of the device unit. For example, the unit can be a distributor unit including the distributor and the measured volume is supplied to transport means in the distributor unit that transports the fluid product to an outlet orifice of the unit for discharge of the unit to the surrounding environment. The means of transport can be such as to change the state of the fluid, for example, the transport means can have a vibrating element, for example, a mesh, which converts a measured volume of liquid to an aerosol or mist which is then directed outside the exit hole. The vibrating element could, for example, be a piezoelectric element or mesh. Finally, to avoid doubt, the inclusion of reference numbers in the claims is purely for illustration, and does not mean that it has a limiting effect on the scope of the claims.

Claims (52)

1. CLAIMS 1. A fluid distributor (1) for distributing a measured volume of a fluid product (2) having: (a) a storage chamber (57) for storing the fluid product; (b) a distribution outlet (27) through which the fluid product is distributable from the distributor; (c) a measuring chamber (73) having: (i) an output port (33) that places the measuring chamber in fluid communication with the distribution outlet; (ii) a plurality of transfer openings (55a, 55b) through which the fluid product is transferable between the storage and measurement chambers; and (iii) a boundary wall structure (28, 43) that is cyclically movable between a first configuration, in which the transfer openings are opened, and a second configuration, in which the transfer openings are closed, each cycle of movement starting at, and ending at, the second configuration resulting in a measured volume of the fluid product that is transferred from the storage chamber to the measurement chamber through the transfer openings and distributed from the distribution outlet by half of the exit port; and (d) a drive mechanism (100) operable by a user of the distributor to cause a movement cycle of the boundary wall structure, the drive mechanism adapted to place the boundary wall structure in the second configuration at the end of each movement cycle originated in such a way.
2. 2. The dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet port is closed in the second configuration of the boundary wall structure.
3. 3. The dispenser according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the configurations, first and second, are contracted and expanded configurations, respectively.
4. 4. The dispenser according to claim 3, characterized in that the measurement chamber defines a first internal volume in the expanded configuration and a second internal volume; which is less than the first internal volume, in the contracted configuration.
5. 5. The dispenser according to claim 4, characterized in that the second internal volume is zero or substantially zero.
6. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boundary wall structure has wall structures, first and second, movable relative to each other, the second wall structure being placed in a first position relative to the first wall structure in the first configuration and in a second position relative to the first wall structure in the second configuration, the second position being closer to the first wall structure than the first position.
7. 7. The dispenser according to claim 6, characterized in that the wall structures, first and second, are brought against each other in the second configuration.
8. The dispenser according to claim 6 or 7 characterized in that the outlet port is provided in the first wall structure and / or the transfer openings are provided in the second wall structure.
9. The dispenser according to claim 6 to 8, characterized in that the second wall structure covers the outlet port in the second position and / or the first wall structure covers the transfer openings in the second position.
10. The dispenser according to claim 6 to 9, characterized in that the outlet port is provided in a section of the first wall structure against which the second wall structure is carried when it is in the second position. eleven .
11. The dispenser according to claim 6 to 10, characterized in that the first wall structure and the second wall structure are nested in the second position.
12. 12. The dispenser according to claims 6 to 1 characterized in that the wall structures, first and second, are movable relative to each other between the positions, first and second, in a forward-backward direction.
13. 13. The dispenser according to claim 12, characterized in that the second wall structure forms a rear end of the measuring chamber.
14. 14. The dispenser according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the first wall structure forms a front end of the measuring chamber having the outlet port therein.
15. 15. The dispenser according to claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the rear end is nested with the front end in the second position.
16. 16. The dispenser according to any of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the first wall structure has a lateral section that extends generally in the front-back direction, and the second wall structure is slidably movable, sealed on the wall. lateral section in the positions, first and second.
17. 17. The dispenser according to claim 16 when appended to claim 14 or 15 characterized in that the side section extends forward of the leading end.
18. 18. The dispenser according to any of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the second wall structure is provided by a latch-like member.
19. 19. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive mechanism has a deflection structure that deflects the side wall structure toward the second configuration.
20. The dispenser according to claim 19 when directly or indirectly appended to claim 6, characterized in that the deflection mechanism deflects the second wall structure towards the second position relative to the first wall structure.
21. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims further having a one-way valve which is placed in a distribution direction relative to the outlet port and which only allows fluid flow along the distribution direction.
22. 22. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive mechanism is manually operable.
23. 23. The dispenser according to claim 22, characterized in that the drive mechanism has an operating member that is engageable by a user to drive the drive mechanism.
24. 24. The dispenser according to claim 23, characterized in that the operation member is operated by finger by the user.
25. 25. The dispenser according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the drive mechanism is actuated in response to the depression of the operating member in the dispenser.
26. 26. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive mechanism moves from a standby condition to an active condition or actuation thereof.
27. 27. The dispenser according to claim 26 having a deflection structure that deflects the drive mechanism to the idle condition.
28. 28. The dispenser according to claim 26 or 27 adapted in such a way that at the end of each cycle of movement of the boundary wall structure the drive mechanism is returned to its resting condition.
29. 29. The dispenser according to claims 25, 26 and 27, characterized in that the deflection structure biases the operation member outwards.
30. 30. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution outlet is located in a nozzle, optionally adapted for insertion in a nostril of a user or configured as a buccal part, and through which the dispenser, in practice , distribute.
31. 31 The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is portable.
32. 32. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the boundary wall structure moves in a first phase of the movement cycle from the second configuration to the first configuration, the measured volume is transferred from the storage chamber to the storage chamber. measurement and when the boundary wall structure is returned from the first configuration to the second configuration in a second phase of the cycle, the measured volume is distributed from the distributor.
33. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims adapted in such a way that an excess volume of the fluid product, comprising the measured volume and an excess volume, is transferred to the measuring chamber of the storage chamber in the movement cycle. of the boundary wall structure and the distributor is further provided with a spill installation adapted to spill the excess volume of the measuring chamber in such a way that only the measured volume is distributed from the distributor.
34. 34. The dispenser according to claims 32 and 33, characterized in that the excess volume is transferred to the measuring chamber in the first phase and the excess volume is poured in the second phase.
35. 35. The dispenser according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the spill installation is configured to spill the excess volume back into the storage chamber.
36. 36. The dispenser according to claim 35, characterized in that the excess volume is poured back into the storage chamber by means of the transfer openings.
37. 37. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims containing the fluid product.
38. 38. The dispenser according to claim 37, characterized in that the fluid product is a medicine.
39. 39. The dispenser according to claim 21 or any claim appended thereto, characterized in that the one-way valve is located at the outlet port.
40. 40. The dispenser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring chamber has an input port through which the measurement and storage chambers are able to be placed in fluid communication and in addition in which there is an inlet valve mechanism associated with the inlet port to selectively open and close the inlet port, wherein the inlet valve mechanism is adapted to open the inlet port when the measurement chamber moves from the second configuration to the first configuration.
41. 41 The dispenser according to claim 40, characterized in that the inlet valve mechanism is a one-way valve that only allows the flow of fluid in the direction of the storage chamber to the measuring chamber.
42. 42. The dispenser according to claim 40 or 41 adapted in such a way that the inlet valve mechanism opens the input port in an initial phase of movement of the measuring chamber from its second configuration to its first configuration.
43. 43. The dispenser according to claims 40 to 42 adapted in such a way that in the opening of the moving input port of the measuring chamber from its second configuration to its first configuration the open input port is the only flow path for the fluid product enters the measuring chamber from the storage chamber.
44. 44. The dispenser according to claims 40 to 43 adapted in such a way that in movement of the measuring chamber from its second configuration to its first configuration the inlet port is opened by the inlet valve mechanism before the transfer ports open up
45. 45. A fluid distributor (1) for distributing a measured volume of a fluid product (2) having: (a) a storage chamber (57) for storing the fluid product; (b) a distribution outlet (27) through which the fluid product is distributable from the distributor; (c) a measuring chamber (73) having: (i) an output port (33) that places the measuring chamber in fluid communication with the distribution outlet; (ii) a plurality of transfer openings (55a, 55b) through which the fluid product is transferable between the storage and measurement chambers; and (iv) a boundary wall structure (28, 43) that is cyclically movable between a first configuration, each cycle of movement resulting in an excess volume of the fluid product, comprising the measured volume and an excess volume, transferring from the storage chamber towards the measuring chamber by means of the transfer openings and the measured volume distributing from the distribution outlet through the outlet port; and (d) a spill facility adapted to spill the excess volume of the measuring chamber such that only the measured volume is distributed from the dispenser.
46. 46. A distributor unit having a distributor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution outlet is a distribution outlet of the unit through which the measured volume of the fluid product is, in use, distributed to the external environment.
47. 47. A device unit having a dispenser according to any of claims 1 to 45, wherein the distribution outlet is an internal outlet of the unit through which, in use, the measured volume of the fluid product is distributed in the unity.
48. 48. The device unit according to claim 47 further having a distribution outlet opening to the external environment around the unit and means for transporting the fluid product distributed through the internal outlet to the external environment through the distribution outlet. .
49. 49. The device unit according to claim 48, characterized in that the means of transport is such as to change the state of the fluid product.
50. 50. The device unit according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that the transport means has a vibrating element for airing a liquid distributed by the distributor.
51. 51 The device unit according to claim 50, characterized in that the vibrating element is a piezoelectric element.
52. 52. A fluid manifold substantially as described hereinbefore with reference to, and as illustrated by, Figures 1 to 3, Figures 1 to 4, Figures 1 to 3 and 5 or Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings. .