MXPA06002395A - Grinding or polishing machine. - Google Patents

Abstract

A grinding and/or polishing machine for grain crops such as rice, wheat or other types of grain crops, comprising a grinding rotor (4) surrounding a sifting basket (5). The grinding rotor (4) is embodied as a hollow shaft (8) and has openings enabling air to enter the working area (14). The air enters the hollow shaft (8) via an upper and a lower air inlet (9,10). The working area is defined by a vertically displaceable catchment plate (12) on the side of the product outlet. The displaceability of said catchment plate is adjusted by a membrane drive (13).

Description

lun u htlk-h ??? t fícn-t-ltlivuini Ji: A iu-hl rs. Jic l'ñ ri- '???' hlrklUnuiii TLCR / '.wibtti-hs ihrn-Cinlcs Mul iimlrrcn hit Ah- rían- AimirU¡ friUtcr n' ~ u bnwxpnti 'in ihr fl - / .- / "kHKimmii" ini iiuf itic Krk irunscn l "< .iuiil, nn-e '·' / '/;? ( "Ái'fírv iii .'- l' li Bt fíi'r tln'mntmvsslL Ui'n i / i'.s nu ?? F ???! ??????? '· "l tint Aiifiinvjnk-rrcuulCin Ausvíit'rJrr hrlhu rrrrk iniia: iKrarl -l.17 Y-iffrrn' i mir / IIR IS l '' l CNI: rnc rrrw vrn VerolTentlk'ht. : - thousand mlciviiiini ilc i Kcchav cnlvt MACHINE Grinding or polishing FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a machine for grinding or polishing grasses, such as rice, wheat or other cereal, with a rotor grinding or polishing or a rotor for descaling, which is surrounded by a sieve. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Machines for grinding or polishing current, especially machines for grinding have an arrangement of segments sieve with one of its peripheral ends are mounted on an articulated shaft, while the second peripheral end can oscillate about this axis that more or less is introduced in the area full of grasses. This has the objective that in the free end of the sieve segment by means of the radial adjustment a greater resistance to the grasses that the rotor takes is offered, in such a way that a friction is presented between the rotor and the grasses or between the own grasses with each other. When in the present application we speak of "grasses", it may be the most diverse grasses. Such treatment is used in rice and wheat, but it can also be another type of grass. In addition, the use of this type of machines for the treatment of coffee beans has also been proposed. To support the sieving effect and the separation of the bran particles from the ground, polished or also dehusked grains, the rotors have a hollow shaft, which blows pressurized air through the orifices in the working area. For this there is the hollow shaft connected to a fan / air compressor. To obtain a constant pressure in the product in the working area and with this obtain a constant degree of peeling or polishing, a retainer plate is placed at the exit of the working area, which can be adjusted in such a way that the product acts an opposing force. The counterforce is adjusted in most cases manually by means of a lever / rod mechanism according to reference values. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention proposes the task of improving the known construction, avoiding the disadvantages in such a way that a constant polishing, cleaning or descaling of the grain is obtained. The solution of the task is achieved with the features set forth in the claims. The rotor shaft of the peeling machine, grinder or polisher in a known manner is constructed as a hollow shaft with holes for the passage of air over a cover surface, however the air inlet to the hollow shaft is made at both ends. This allows a uniform ventilation of the work area. In another embodiment, it is advantageous if the rotor shaft is cuneiform and the grooves for the passage of air are positioned vertically. To balance the working power of the machine, sprockets are also used to drive the rotor shaft. In the case of a reduced use of energy and when almost no slippage occurs, the working power increases. The high compression force has a direct effect on the degree of cleaning, peeling or polishing. Outside the working area before the discharge of the product, there is a pneumatic membrane mechanism with an axially placed force receptor. With this installation a constant compression force can be produced in the collector plate. The manual adjustments of the compression force that were previously carried out with weights are now performed electro-pneumatically. This is possible in an essentially simple way, to compensate the variations in the pressure of the product as a consequence of different densities of the product (the collector plate "modifies" in a corresponding way the density of the product). The compression pressure must still be measured, which prevents the constant adjustment of the weights. By means of a more compact and dynamic regulation unit it is possible not only to finely regulate the state of the collection pressure (compression force), but to shape the starting of the machine in an essentially more dynamic way. By means of tolerance bands, the compression force, the current of the motors as well as a regulated pressure in the membrane are monitored. Especially when replacing the common electrical and pneumatic mechanisms by means of a "mechanism" operated with a membrane of the collecting plate of the closing member, a continuous operation of the collecting plate with small tolerances (narrow band) can be obtained. It is particularly advantageous if the closing position is also kept open in the case of faults in the power supply. The pressure of the product stream on the collector plate produces a force that is compensated by a counterforce. This force produced by the product is absorbed directly by a small spring placed between the lever mechanism and the receiver. force and it is physically stored during the measurement time of the regulation. The newly calculated force adjustment due to this system modification or decompensation of the proportions of forces is compensated by means of electric control valves. The pressurized air in the membrane mechanism and with this the compressive force in the collector plate is thus adjusted until an equilibrium is obtained again. Only a constant compression force is regulated, which is independent of the gross weight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Other features of the invention are shown with the aid of the following description of an embodiment shown schematically in the figure. In which: Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a grinder according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a schematic cross section of a system for regulating the collection pressure. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A vertical grinder 1 has a drive motor 2 for a grinding wheel. The transmission is carried out by means of several gear wheels 3. Around the polishing rotor 4 there is placed a sieve basket 5, with which an extractor 6 for the detached particles of bran is connected. The grinding rotor 4 has common cutting tools and through holes in the axial direction. The grinding rotor 4 is supported on a main support 7. The grinding rotor 4 is formed as hollow shaft 8 and has an upper air inlet 9 and a lower air duct 10. The air inlet is made through one or two fans not represented. As a result of the constant entry of air through the entire length of the working area 14 the processed grain is heated very little, processing and removal of the bran is carried out uniformly. The grinding wheel 4 has a slightly cuneiform shape, the upper diameter being smaller than the lower one. The friction is more uniform. Additionally, a vane rotor with a fan effect can be provided, which supports the flow of air in the working area 14. The outlet for the product 11 takes place from above. The output of the product is closed by means of a collecting plate 12. The collecting plate 12 is positioned in a vertically movable manner and its movement is regulated through a membrane mechanism 13. The membrane mechanism 13 as shown, it can also be placed inside the housing of the vertical polisher 1. Likewise the rotor can also present polishing or peeling tools and / or it can also be placed horizontally. An electronic circuit 20 monitors and regulates the membrane mechanism with the help of control valves 21. The current compression force is absorbed by the force receiver 22 and the electronic circuit 20 registers it. A certain compression force can be predetermined directly in the device (locally) or through a process control system (remote control).

The mechanism of levers 23 controlled pneumatically, regulates the compression force dependent on the product previously selected by the electronic circuit. A small spring 24 absorbs the changes in the force of the lever produced by the product. Simultaneously the slightly curved spring 24 produces a compensation of the transverse forces in the force receiver 22. If the motor current exceeds a given current limit in the electronic circuit 20, then the lever mechanism 23 is automatically discharged. Reference list 1. Vertical grinder 2. Drive motor 3. Gear wheels 4. Grinding rotor 5. Sieve basket 6. Puller 7. Main support 8. Hollow shaft 9. Air inlet 10. Air inlet 11. Outlet for the product Pick-up plate Membrane mechanism Working area Electronic circuit Control valve Power receiver Lever mechanism Spring 10

Claims (1)

10 NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following: CLAIMS 1. A machine for grinding, polishing and descaling with a horizontally or vertically positioned work area, which is formed between a rotor provided with tools and a sifting basket, whose outlet for the product can be closed with a collecting plate and the rotor is formed as a hollow shaft with holes for air passage, the machine is characterized in that the collecting plate can be operated continuously by means of a Membrane mechanism. 2. The machine for grinding, polishing and dehusking, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow shaft has an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet. 3. The machine for grinding, polishing and de-scaling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that holes are placed 11 for the passage of air longitudinally in the axial direction. The grinding, polishing and de-scaling machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotor is cuneiform. The grinding, polishing and de-scaling machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the membrane mechanism is pneumatically driven and is coupled to the collecting plate through the lever.