MXPA98006109A - Cones crusher with desga indicator - Google Patents

Abstract

A cone crusher with a wear indicator, the cone crusher consists of a head that provides a first wear surface, a mortar that provides a second wear surface spaced from the first wear surface, and means to indicate the wear of one of the wear surfaces, preferably, the head or mortar includes a coating that provides the wear surface, and the means for indicating the wear of one of the wear surfaces indicate the wear of the coating, the cone crusher can In addition, it consists of means for indicating the wear of another of the wearing surfaces, the means for indicating the wear of the coating include a plurality of depressions defined by the non-wearing surface of the coating, the apex of at least one of the depressions are revealed through the wear surface when the coating wears out, in addition, the means to indicate the Spend include a filler material that is revealed through the wear surface to indicate that the surface is wasted

Description

CONES CRUSHER WITH WEAR INDICATOR FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention generally relates to the field of crushers used to crush concrete into smaller pieces. More specifically, this invention relates to cone crushers having opposed grinding surfaces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Crushers are used to crush large concrete particles (eg rocks) into smaller particles. A particular type of crusher is known as cone crusher. A typical cone crusher includes a frame that supports a crusher head and a blanket secured to the head. A mortar and a mortar liner are supported by the frame so that an annular space is formed between the mortar liner and the mantle. In operation. Large particles are fed into the annular space between the mortar liner and the mantle. The head "and the head-mounted blanket" rotate eccentrically around an axis "causing the annular space to vary. As the distance between the mantle and the mortar liner varies, large particles are impacted and compressed between the mantle and the mortar lining. The particles are crushed and reduced to the desired product size, and then extracted from between the mantle and the mortar coating. The process of impact and crushing of concrete causes the mantle and the mortar lining to wear out.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In existing cone crushers »the mantle and mortar lining are periodically replaced after a specific number of hours of operation to prevent excessive wear of the mantle and mortar lining and to prevent damage to the head or mortar. The cost of "lost time" to replace the worn components of a conical crusher can be substantial and the premature replacement of these components increases the cost of maintenance of the cone crusher. In addition, in case worn components are not replaced in a timely manner, head and mortar damage can be costly in terms of the price of repair parts and the price of time lost to repair the cone crusher. In spite of tracking the operation of the crusher and recording the operational service of the mantles and the mortar coatings of the cone crusher, the conventional conical crushers are however occasionally damaged by excessive wear of the coating. mortar and mantle, to the point of exposing the underlying head or mortar to the concrete processed by the crusher. The failure of the follow-up measures to accurately predict the useful life of the mantle and the mortar lining is attributable to several factors. First, the grinding surface provided by a mantle or a mortar liner may wear unevenly. Second »the abrasiveness of crushed concrete can vary, and the operational parameters also vary the useful life. In addition »because the mortar coating and the mantle are somehow difficult to replace» the actual thickness of these members is neither observed nor measured during the operation of conventional crushers. In this respect »there is a tendency for the crusher operators to continue the operation of a crusher without replacing the crusher surfaces if» according to the visual inspection »it appears that the mantle and the mortar lining installed have additional service capacity. Also because of the difficulty in verifying the thickness of the coating of the cone crusher of the prior art »the coatings can sometimes be replaced prematurely ie before the thickness of the coating has been critically eroded. That replacement Premature coating and coating components are also costly both in terms of the wear life of the coating worn out and "over a long period of crushing operation" in terms of the lost time of the crusher. To solve these problems, the invention provides a cone crusher with a wear indicator of the crusher surface. In particular, the invention provides a coating having a crusher surface and an empty recess or depression filled with an indicator material which is exposed by erosion of the crusher surface. According to a predetermined degree of erosion, the empty depression or the indicator material becomes visible »thus indicating the degree of wear of the crusher surface. More particularly, in one modality. The cone crusher consists of a frame. a head rotatably supported on the frame for the eccentric rotation, a portion of the head that surrounds the mortar "and a coating mounted on the head or mortar. The coating has a wear surface or crusher to hold the material to be crushed "a wear surface opposite to the crusher surface and a depression located between the crusher surface and the non-wearing surface. The depression is revealed as a predetermined degree of erosion of the crusher surface. In the preferred embodiment »the non-wearing surface defines several depressions. In addition »the cone crusher may also consist of a second liner mounted on the other head and the mortar. The second coating is similar to the first coating and also provides a crusher surface and a wear indicator. The invention also provides a coating for a cone crusher. The coating consists of a generally frustocon body co adapted to be mounted on the head or mortar of the cone crusher. The body has a first surface to hold a material to be crushed and a second surface facing the head or mortar. The second surface defines a depression extending towards the first surface and having a vertex. When the first surface wears out »the apex of the depression is revealed through the first surface. In the preferred mode. the second surface defines several spaced depressions. The depressions may be spaced apart on the second surface with respect to the axis of the coating or around the circumference of the coating. Further »the depressions may be spaced apart to form a helical arrangement on the second surface. In another modality »the depression can be a slot. The second surface may also define several spaced slots or a single slot having a helical arrangement. Also, the coating can be used together with a filling material in the depression. The material of s Filling can be between the second surface and the supporting surface of the head or mantle. In one embodiment, the filling material may include several layers each indicating a quantity of wear of the coating. Similarly, the depression may have a cross section that varies with depth to indicate the amount of wear of the coating. The invention also provides a cone crusher consisting of a head that provides a first wear surface, a mortar that provides a second wear surface spaced from the first wear surface, and means for indicating wear of one of the surfaces of wear. Preferably, the head or mortar includes a coating that provides a wear surface, and the means for indicating wear of one of the wear surfaces indicate wear of the coating. The means for indicating the wear of the coating include a depression defined by the non-wearing surface of the coating. The depression is revealed by the wear surface when the coating is worn. In addition, the means for indicating the wear of the coating may include a groove defined by the non-wearing surface of the coating. Even the means for indicating the use of one of the wear surfaces may include a filler material that is revealed through the wear surface to indicate that the surface is worn. The filler material can be placed between the non-wearing surface of the liner and the supporting surface of the head or mortar. The filler material may include several layers, each layer indicating a certain amount of wear of one of the wear surfaces. An advantage of this invention is that the amount of wear or erosion actually experienced by a crushing surface is indicated so that it is easily observable and does not require disassembly of the crusher. Furthermore, this invention indicates when the coating must be replaced, that is to say after a predetermined degree of erosion of the wear surface. This ensures that the coating is not over-worn and is replaced before the parts of the crusher »such as the head and mortar» are damaged. This also ensures that the coating is not replaced prematurely »thus maximizing its useful life. The invention results in reduced operating costs associated with the cone crusher "including the reduced cost of repair parts and reduced time to repair. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description, the re indications and the drawings.

B DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a cone crusher of the embodiment of this invention. Figure 2 is a bottom view of the mantle shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along line 3-3 of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a bottom view of a mantle which is similar to that shown in Figure 2 and which is a second embodiment of the invention. Figure 5 is a top view of the mortar liner shown in Figure 1. Figure 6 is an elevational view taken in a partial section of the mortar liner shown in Figure 5. Figure 7 is a view from the apex of a depression shown in figure 1. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a depression and a filling material shown in figure 1. Before a mode of the invention is explained in detail it should be understood that the invention is not it is limited in its application to the details of construction and the provisions of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of having other modalities and of being practiced or performed in various ways. It should also be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be considered as limiting.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITY A cone crusher 10 according to the invention is illustrated in the drawings. As shown in Fig. 1, the cone crusher 10 includes a frame 12 (a portion shown in Fig. 1) and a drive system (not shown). The cone crusher further includes a head 14 supported by the frame 12 and driven by the drive system for eccentric rotation about a central axis IB. The head 14 provides a generally frustoconical mantle mounting surface 22. An annular projection 26 extends from the lower portion of the head 14 around the periphery of the mounting surface of the mantle 22. The purpose of the projection 26 is further explained ahead. The cone crusher further includes a mantle 30 supported on the mounting surface of the mantle 22. The mantle 30 has a generally frusto-conical shape which is complementary to the external surface of the head 14 but which has spaced portions of the mantle mounting surface 22. When the mantle 30 is placed on the head 14 »the lower radial extension or edge 32 of the mantle 30 is joined to the annular salt 26. The mantle 30 is secured to the head 14 by a sealing ring 34. The ring of closure 34 interconnects an upper portion of the head 14 and joins the mantle 30. The mantle 30 is thus mounted on the head 22 and secured between the projection 26 and the closing ring 34. The conical crusher 10 also includes a mortar 38 which is supported by the frame 12 and which includes a mounting surface of the generally frustoconical mortar liner 42. The mounting surface of the mortar liner 42 defines slits 46 spaced apart from each other. of the circumference of the mounting surface of the mortar lining 42. The mortar 38 is supported on the adjusting ring by threads and is movable along the axis 18 relative to the head 14 when overturned in relation to the adjusting ring 50 (partially shown) that is supported in the frame in a conventional manner. The cone crusher 10 further includes a mortar liner 54 mounted on the mortar 38. The mortar liner 54 has a frusto-conical shape that is generally complementary to the shape of the mounting surface of the mortar liner 42. The mortar liner 54 it can be supported in the mortar 38 in any conventional manner. In the illustrated construction of mortar 38 and liner 54 (see figures 1, 5 and 6). the mortar liner 54 is mounted on the mortar 38 by hooks 58. The hooks 5B extend from the periphery of the mortar liner 54. The hooks 58 are spaced on the outer surface of the mortar liner 54 and extend through the mortar lining 54. slots 46 in the mounting surface of the mortar liner 42. The mortar 38 and the mortar liner 54 are supported on the adjusting ring to form (see Figure 1) an annular space 62 between the mantle 30 and the mortar liner 54 The cone crusher 10 further includes a reinforcement material B. After the mantle 30 is mounted on the head 14. the reinforcing material B is poured into the space between the mounting surface of the mantle 22 and the mantle 30 to ensure that the mantle 30 is suitably supported by the head 14. Similarly, after the mortar liner 54 is mounted on the mortar 38 »the reinforcing material B is poured into the mortar 38. of the space between the mounting surface of the mortar liner 42 and the mortar liner 54 to ensure that the mortar lining 54 is adequately supported by the mortar 38. The reinforcing material can be any suitable material, such as epoxy resin »which it can be poured into the space and flows between the lining and the supporting surface »and will heal or harden after it has flown into position. Once the reinforcing material B is established, the reinforcing material B ensures that equal pressure is applied to the outer surface of the mantle 30 and the mortar liner 54. The cone crusher 10 also includes a feeder (not shown). which feeds a relatively large concrete material M to be ground by the conical crusher 10 within the upper portion of the cone crusher 10. The head 14 and the mantle 30 rotate eccentrically about the axis 18 »thus causing the annular space 62. As the distance between mantle 30 and mortar liner 54 varies, "large particles are impacted" and compressed "between mantle 30 and mortar liner 54. In this manner. the material M is crushed and reduced to the desired product size. The mantle 30 includes (see Figures 2 and 3) a generally frustoconical body 66. The body 66 defines an axis 79 which. when the mantle is on the head 14. it is aligned with the shaft 18. The body 66 also includes a second surface or a non-wearing surface 74 that binds the material M together. The body 66 also includes a second surface or a surface that is not worn 78 which is facing the wear surface 74 and which is opposite the mounting surface of the mantle 22 of the head 14. The mortar liner 54 includes (see figures 5 and 6) a generally frustroconical body. 82 defining an axis 86 and including a first surface or a wear surface 90. When the mortar liner 52 is mounted on the mortar 38. the axis 86 intersects the axis 18 and the axis 70. and the surface of wear 90 is in front of the head 14 and the mantle. The body B2 also includes a second surface or a non-wearing surface 94 facing the wear surface 90 and facing the mounting surface of the mortar liner 42 of the mortar 38. The cone crusher 10 also includes (see FIGS. 2 and 3) means 9B to indicate wear of the wear surface 74. The cone crusher 10 also includes (see FIGS. 5 and 6) means 102 for indicating wear of the mortar liner 54 and for indicating the wearing surface wear 90. Means 98 and 102 for indicating wear are substantially identical and therefore ', only means 98 for indicating wear will be described in detail. Common reference numbers indicate common elements. Although several suitable constructions can be used successfully, in the illustrated embodiment, the means 98 for indicating wear (see Figures 2 and 2) include several depressions 106 located on the non-wearing surface 78. The depressions 106"spaced apart from the surface of the surface. wear 74 at a predetermined distance and each has a vertex 110 having (see Figures 3 and 8) a cross section that varies with respect to the depth of the depression 106. The depression 106 is wider at the surface that is not wears 78 and narrows upon reaching the apex 110. While the wear surface 74 is eroded by the operation of the crusher 10, the material of the mantle 30 thins. Finally »the depression 106 is revealed through the wear surface 74 and becomes visibly observable in a certain degree of erosion of the wear surface 74. At this point» the thickness of the mantle 30 is known since the wear surface 74 has been subjected to a predetermined amount of wear. The remaining life of the mantle 30 is then also easier to calculate. More particularly »and as best shown in Figure 7, the apex 110 of the depression 106 is revealed through the wear surface 74. The portion of the depression 106 that is disclosed has a circumference 114. The interference 114 of the depression 106 which is revealed through the wear surface 74 represents a specific degree of erosion of the mantle 30 and the wear surface 74. The circumferences 114a-c each indicate a different degree of use. The circumference 114a represents an initial amount of wear of the mantle 30 at a point near the apex 110. The circumferences 114b and 114c (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7) indicate progressively greater amounts of wear. In the mode »the means 98 for indicating wear include four cavities 106a-d that are spaced on the non-wearing surface 78 of the mantle 30. As shown in Fig. 3, the depressions 106a-d are spaced apart on the surface that does not wear 78 with respect to the axis 70 of the body 66 and is also circumferentially spaced (Figure 2) on the non-wearing surface 73 to form a helical arrangement of the depressions 106a-d begins with the depressions 106a located at a point which is radially spaced from the shaft 70. As shown in FIG. 4, the means 98 can alternatively be in the form of a single groove 118 located in the non-wearing surface 78 and extending towards the wear surface 74. As with FIG. the arrangement of the depressions 106 shown in Fig. 2 »the slot 11B begins at a point at which a point that is radially spaced from the axis 70 and continues around the c) circumference of the body 66 to a terminal point spaced radially closer to the axis 70. The means 98 for indicating the wear of the mantle 30 also includes (see Figures 1 and 8) a filling material 122 that occupies each of the depressions 106. When the wear surface 74 is worn out, the filling material 122 is developed to the extent that the depressions 106 are revealed. As shown in FIG. B, the filling material 122 includes several layers 126a-c. Layers 126a-c may be differentiated in various ways including by color or by chemical composition to define strata that indicate the degree of erosion. More particularly »in a similar manner as the varied circumferences 114a-c of the depressions 106» each of the layers 126a-c indicates a different degree of erosion of the mantle 30 or wear surfaces 74. When the filling material 122 is first revealed through wearing surface 74 »layer 126a is revealed through wear surface 74 »indicating an initial amount of wear. As the wear surface 74 also erodes the layer 126b and then the layer 126c are revealed through the wear surface 74. The filling material 122 can be the same as the support material B and can be poured between the head 14 and mantle 30 to fill in depressions 106a-d. Alternatively, however, a suitable filler material 122 other than support material B may be filled into depressions 106 before mantle 30 is put in place to provide several layers 126a-c. The means 98 for indicating the wear then provide indications of when the mantle 30 or the wear surface 74 is "completely worn". How it is used here, the term "fully worn" is the degree of erosion or thinning of the mantle 30 which maximizes the useful life of the mantle 30 while preventing the fouling from being damaged. The term "completely worn" represents a predetermined degree of erosion and the excess thinness of the mantle 30 and at this point the mantle 30 must be replaced to avoid the risk of damage to the head 14. As mentioned above »the term" completely worn out " "may be indicated by a specific circumference 114c of the depression 106 that is revealed through the wear surface 74. The term" fully worn "may also be indicated by a determined layer 126c of the filling material 122 which is developed to through the wear surface 74. In the preferred embodiment, both the circumference 114c and the layer 126c indicate that the mantle 30 and the wear surface 74 are "completely worn". Once the means 98 for indicating wear indicate that the mantle 30 or the wear surface 74 is "completely worn", the mantle 30 is removed and replaced. In this way. the means 9B for indicating wear ensure that the mantle 30 is replaced before the head 14 is damaged by overuse of the mantle 30. The means 9B for indicating wear also maximize the useful life of the mantle 30 by preventing premature replacement of the mantle 30. Similarly, the means 102 for indicating wear indicate when the mortar liner 54 and the wear surface 94 are "completely worn". At this point, the mortar liner 54 is replaced. In this way »the means 102 for indicating wear ensure that the mortar 38 is not damaged by overuse of the mortar liner 54. The means 102 for indicating the wear also maximize the life of the mortar liner 54 preventing premature replacement of the lining Mortar 54. Various features of the invention are set forth in the following claims.

Claims (20)

IB NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - A cone crusher to crush a material »said cone crusher consists of: a frame; a head rotatably supported in said frame for eccentric rotation about an axis; a mortar supported in said frame in spaced relationship with said head; and a liner mounted on one of said head and said mortar "said liner have a wear surface for fixing the material to be crushed" and said liner defines a depression spaced from said wear surface, said depression being revealed as the erosion of said wear surface.

2. The cone crusher according to the rei indication 1, characterized in that said lining defines a plurality of depressions »and because at least one of said plurality of depressions is revealed through said wear surface according to the erosion of said wear surface.

3. The cone crusher according to claim 2 characterized in that said liner has an axis "and that each of said plurality of depressions are radially spaced with respect to said axis.

4. The cone crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that said coating has a ci-cference, and because each of said plurality of depressions are spaced around said circumference.

5. The conical crusher according to the rei indication 2 characterized in that said plurality of depressions are spaced in a helical arrangement.

6. The conical crusher according to the rei indication 1 characterized in that said depression is a groove.

7. The conical crusher according to the rei indication 6 characterized in that said groove extends along a helical path.

8. The cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that said coating has a surface that does not wear out, and because said depression has a vertex spaced from said surface that does not wear in the direction towards said wear surface.

9. The conical crusher according to re-indication 1 consisting of a filling material that occupies said depression.

10. The cone crusher according to claim 9. characterized in that said filling material includes a plurality of layers, and because each of said layers indicates a predetermined degree of erosion of said coating.

11. The cone crusher according to claim 1. characterized in that said head and said mantle has a support surface »because said coating has a surface that does not wear out, because said filling material is located between said surface that it does not wear out and said support surface, and because said filling material is revealed through said wear surface in accordance with the erosion of said wear surface. 12.- A coating for a cone crusher "said coating consists of a generally frustoconical body having a first surface for joining a material to be crushed and a second surface opposite said first surface, said body defining a depression extending from said second surface towards said first surface »said depression is revealed through said first surface according to the wear of said first surface. 13. The coating according to claim 13, characterized in that said depression has a depth and a cross section that varies with said depth "and because said cross section of said depression is revealed" said cross section indicates a predetermined amount of wear of said coating. 14. The coating according to the re indication 13 »characterized in that said second surface defines a plurality of depressions spaced on said second surface, and in that at least one of said plurality of depressions is revealed through said first surface according to a predetermined degree of erosion of said first surface. 15. The coating according to claim 15. characterized in that said coating has an axis. and in that each of said plurality of depressions are spaced apart in said second surface with respect to said axis of said coating. 16. The coating according to claim 15 characterized in that said lining has a circumference "and because each of said plurality of depressions are spaced on said second surface with respect to said circumference of said lining. 17. The coating according to the indication 15 characterized in that said plurality of depressions are spaced on said second surface in a helical arrangement. 18. The coating according to claim 17, characterized in that said depression is a groove "and in that at least a portion of said groove is revealed through said first surface according to the wear of said first surface. 19. The coating according to claim 19 »characterized in that said second surface defines said groove to have a helical arrangement in said second surface. 20.- A conical crusher to crush a material »said conical crusher consists of: a frame; a head supported by said frame for eccentric rotation about an axis; a mortar supported in said frame in spaced relationship with said head; a liner mounted on one of said heads and said mortar »said liner has a wear surface which joins the material to be ground and a non-wearing surface opposite said wear surface and against one of said head and said mortar» said liner defines a plurality of depressions »said plurality of depressions being spaced apart in a" propeller arrangement "and each of said plurality of depressions extends from said non-wearing surface towards said wear surface; and a filler material that fills each of said plurality of depressions; characterized in that at least one of said plurality of depressions and said filling material fills said at least one of said plurality of depressions is revealed through said wear surface when said wear surface is eroded to a predetermined degree to indicate that said wear surface is worn.