MXPA98005691A - Cleaning compositions with aqueous base free of solvents containing alcohol alcoholates, fatty alcohols and fatty alcohols which have oxyethyl mitades - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aqueous-based degreasing composition that does not contain a solvent, comprising (a) alcohol alkoxylating agent with one fatty alcohol moiety, (b) fatty alcohol moiety, and (c) a fatty alcohol containing one half of oxiethylate

Description

SOLVENT-BASED CLEANING COMPOSITIONS FREE OF SOLVENTS CONTAINING ALCOHOL ALCOHOLATES, FATTY ALCOHOLS AND FATTY ALCOHOLS WHICH HAVE OXYETHYLATE MITADES Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aqueous-based cleaning composition that does not have solvents, and more particularly to a mixture of nonionic surfactants that effectively clean oils and fats from a variety of surfaces.

Background of the Invention The demand for degreasing formula for innumerable cleaning applications is well known. White applications vary from light cleaning of printed electronic circuit boards to cleaning used for auto parts. Many formulas for these purposes contain a variety of levels of volatile solvents to efficiently degrease surfaces. Many heavy-duty degreasing operations use heated solvent baths.

Recent concerns about the environmental and toxicological effects of solvents and solvent baths have led to a full search for solvent-free aqueous degreasing systems. Few systems based on surfactants have succeeded at least without a minor amount of solvent, for the dual purpose of cleaning and defoaming. This is why the industrial and institutional cleaning operations that require degreasing must reconcile their desire to be socially aware with the need to remain effective.

The use of glycol ether solvents or cycloalkanes in the cleaning compositions, in combination with anionic and / or nonionic surfactants are known in the art. Examples of such systems are found in Wittel et al., EP 376367; Kao Corporation, JP 3062896; Lyubarrskay et al., SU 1300041; Bedo and collaborators; SU T56873; and Dudesek et al., CS 220985.

Bobsein et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,663,082, teach a water-based industrial cleaning composition with a high pH comprising a series of anionic surfactants, formers and alkalinity agents. In addition, the patented ones teach the use of phosphate formers and chelating agents.

The Henkel AG World Organization patent No. 91/10718 discloses a composition that requires at least one anionic surfactant and at least one monocarboxylic acid.

European Patent No. 0392394B1 issued to Nippon Paint Co. of Japan teaches a degreasing composition and a package of surfactant comprising a nonionic surfactant of the polyoxyalkylene ether type with polyethylene phosphate oxide adduct. This mixture is combined with a necessary amount of the alkali former of various types. However, half the phosphate is responsible for increasing foam generation. Finally, residual phosphorus is an environmental concern. The nominal amount of the alkali former also results in a caustic solution.

In addition, European Patent No. 0084422A1 assigned to Albright & Wilson Limited teaches the use of a wide variety of nonionic surfactants or a phosphate ester with an alkanolamide and solvent. Additionally, the US Patent. 5,536,438, discloses a cleaning composition containing four nonionic surfactants (fatty alcohol ethoxylates) of different HLB values; the US US 5,518,648 discloses a dishwashing composition comprising 2 nonionic surfactants of the alcohol type xylate and an EO / PO block copolymer; the E.U. 5,382,376, discloses a detergent composition comprising: (a) a block copolymer of EO / PO / EO (b) co-surfactants such as the copolymers of the EP / PO / EO block with hydrophobic moieties, (c) hydrophobic solvents such as alkylbenzenes; The E.U. No. 5,049,376 discloses a detergent composition comprising surfactants selected from anionic, z, ionic, cationic and nonionic agents; non-phosphate formers, EO / PO block copolymers and a polycarboxylate polymer.

Finally, the E.U. 5,501,816 (EU '816) discloses mixtures of ternary surfactants comprising: alcohol alkoxylate with one fatty alcohol moiety, alkyl phenol alkoxylate and alkyl oxyethylate. The E.U. 816 also discloses that the addition of the polycarboxylate polymers improves the effectiveness of the degreasing compositions.

Conversely, Applicants for cleaning compositions eliminate the use of alkylphenolalkoxylates by which environmental concerns have arisen. Furthermore, the present invention does not require the use of polycarboxylates to improve the cleaning efficiency.

Compendium of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-based cleaning composition that does not contain Solvents, which comprises a weight basis: (a) about 0.15% - 5% of at least one alcohol alkoxylate with one fatty alcohol moiety selected from the group of compounds of the formula: RíOCHCHzMOCHjCHz íOCHzCHzyíOCHzCHzJpJR IIR 'R' wherein R is a right or branched chain alkyl group of C8 to C18; m is in the range of about 0 to 14, n is in the range of about 0 to 14, and R1 is - CH3, -CH2 CH3 and mixtures thereof: R1 'is -CH3, -CH2 CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R1' * is a hydroxyalkyl group of-0H1, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (b) about 0.15 - 5.0% of one half of the fatty alcohol of the formula: R-KCHjCHOMCHaCHzOMCHzCHC z-R "'I I R" R " wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of C8 to C18; x is within the range of approximately 0 to 14; and is within the range of approximately 3 to 14; z is within the range of approximately 1 to 20; R 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof; R1 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R1"is a hydroxylalkyl group of OH, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (c) about 0.15 - 5% of at least one fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties of the formula: wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of CIO to C13 and that is within the range of about 4 to 10; Y (d) water.

The above formula can also optionally contain \ J * ty. about 0.005 to 1% of at least one polymeric polycarboxylate of the following formula H H H A "I 1 C- 1 1 C - C - - C - I 1 1 COOX 1 A? H? M where x = H, Na or similar alkali or alkali metal, A * H, COOH, COONa or similar salts, A 'is COOH, COONa or similar salts, or -OCH3 or the alkali group having a chain length of about 4 to 10 carbon atoms; A1 '"H or CH3, and m and n are numbers so that the ratio of the monomer is in the range of about 10: 1 to 1: 10 and the total molecular weight of the polymer is in the range of about 1,000 to 70,000.

Detailed Description The present invention relates to a degreasing composition that does not contain an aqueous based solvent, which comprises a weight basis of: (a) about 0.15% - 5% of at least one alcohol alkoxylate with one fatty alcohol moiety selected from the group of the compounds of the formula: R [OCHCH2y (OCH2CH2) "] [(OCH2CH2y (OCH2CH2) p] R I I R 'R " wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkali group of C8 to C18; m lies between the range of about 0 to 14, n lies between the range of about 0 to 14, or lies between the range of about 0 to 14, p lies between the range of about 0 to 14, and R 'is -CH 3, CH 2 CH 3 and mixtures thereof; R "is -CH3, -CH2CH3 and mixtures thereof, and R" "is a hydroxylalkyl group of -OH, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (b) approximately 0.15 - 5.0% of a fatty alcohol half of the formula: R- (CH2CHOMCH2CH2OV (Cli? TiO) rR 'I I R' R " wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of C8 to C18; x is within the range of approximately 0 to 14; and is within the range of approximately 3 to 14; z is within the range of approximately 1 to 20; R 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof; R1 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R' "is a hydroxylalkyl group of OH, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (c) about 0.15 - 5% of at least one fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties of the formula: R (O CH2 CH2) x OH wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of CIO to C13 and that is within the range of about 4 to 10; Y (d) water.

The above formula can also optionally contain about 0.005 to 1% of at least one polycarboxylate polymer of the following formula: - where x = H, Na or similar alkali or alkali metal, A = H, COOH, COONa or similar salts, A 'is COOH, COONa or similar salts, or -0CH3 or the alkali group having a chain length of about 4 to 10 carbon atoms; A * '-H or CH3, and m and n are numbers so that the proportion of the monomer is in the range of about 10: 1 to 1: 10 and the total molecular weight of the polymer is in the range of about 1,000 to 70,000.

Preparation of the Degreasing Composition of the Present invention The degreasing composition of the present invention is prepared by mixing elements (a), (b) and (c) in accordance with methods known to the skilled artisan. Elements (a), (b9, and (c) are also known as nonionic surfactants. (a) Alcohol Alcoxilate with a Half Fatty Alcohol Alcohol Alcoxylate with a Half Fatty Alcohol (a) has the following formula: R [OCHCH2y (OCH2CH2) (OCH2CH2y (OCH2CH2) p] R 'R l .. wherein wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkali group of C8 to C18; m lies between the range of about 0 to 14, n lies between the range of about 0 to 14, or lies between the range of about 0 to 14, p 3e lies between the range of about 0 to 14, and R 'is -CH 3, CH 2 CH 3 and mixtures thereof; R "is -CH3, -CH2CH3 and mixtures thereof, and R '" is a hydroxylalkyl group of -OH, -CH3, -0- C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; R1"may be In a preferred embodiment, the level of the oxyethylate or the value of n plus or will be in the range of about 5 to 12, and more preferably about 4 to 10. The level of oxypropyl or value of m plus p will preferably be from about 4 to 14. Those skilled in the art will find that butylene oxide can also be incorporated into the alcohol alkoxylate.

A preferred alcohol alkoxylate with a fatty alcohol moiety has a carbon chain (R) of C12-15, with about 10 total moles of oxyethylate and about 5 total moles of oxypropilate, wherein m = 1.5, n = 1, or = 9 and p = 3.5. These preferred alcohol alkoxylates with a fatty alcohol moiety are well known as PLURAFAC "1 D25, and is available from BASF Corporation, Mt.Olive, NJ Another preferred alcohol alkoxylate with a fatty alcohol moiety is INDUSTROL * 1 DW25 having a chain length (R) of C8-10 carbon with about 10 moles of oxyethylate and about 14 moles oxypropylate, wherein n = 1, or = 9, m = 7 and p = 7.

The alcohol alkoxylate with a fatty alcohol moiety will make about 0.15 to 5.0% by weight of the total composition to degrease. More preferably, this component will comprise about 0.17 to 3.3% by weight of the total composition and more preferably will be present in an amount of about 0.5% to 2% by weight of the total formula. (b) Half Fatty Alcohol III R-fCHzCHOMCHzCHzO iCHzCHOk-R I I R "R" where R is a group of straight or branched chain alkali from C8 to C18; x is between the range of approximately 0 to 14; preferably from 1 to 10; more preferably from 1 to 6; and is between the range of about 3 to 20, preferably from 1 to 10, most preferably from 3 to 6; z is between the range of about 1 to 20, preferably from 3 to 10, most preferably from 3 to 5; R 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof; R "is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R '" is a hydroxyalkyl group of H1, -OH, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof. Preferably, R '= CH3 or CH2CH3, R "= CH3 or CH2CH3 and R' '' hydroxyalkyl group of C8-18 or H. More preferably, x = 0, R '* = CH2CH3, and R"' = H .

The preferred half of the fatty alsohol is: the PLURAFAC® LF7000 surfactant having a chain length of C16-18 carbons (R) with about four moles of oxyethylate and about nine moles of oxypropilate. More preferably, it is half the fatty alcohol of the PLURAFAC® LF 1200 surfactant, which has a chain length (R) of C9-11 carbons with approximately nine moles of oxyethylate and one mole of oxybutylate.

The fatty alcohol component will comprise approximately 0. 15 to 5.0% by weight of the total degreaser composition. More preferably, this component will comprise about 0.17 to 3.3% by weight of the total composition and more preferably in an amount of about 0.5 to 2% by weight of the total formula. (c) Fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties Fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties (c) has the following formula: R (O CH2 CH2) x OH wherein R is a direct or branched chain alkali group of CIO at C13 and x is within the range of about 4 to 10.

Preferred fatty alcohols have oxyethylate moieties available from BASF Corporation, Mt. Olive, N.J. under the brand ICONOL * "TDA 10, where R = 13 and x = 10 and ICONOL1" DA4, where R-10 and x = 4.

The fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties will comprise about 0.15 to 5% by weight of the total degreaser composition. More preferably, this component will comprise approximately 0.17 to 3.3% by weight of the total composition, and even greater preference in an amount of approximately 0.5-2% by weight of the total formula.

The three nonionic surfactants (a), (b) and (c) can be mixed in proportions ranging from about 1: 1: 1 to about 1: 1: 2 and from about 1: 2: 1 to about 2: 1: 1 and the fractional combinations thereof (for example, 0.5: 1: 1.5). In a preferred embodiment it will be equal to the weight concentrations of the three nonionic surfactant components.

The remnant of the degreaser composition will comprise water.

It was also found that the ternary combination of the above combination of the non-ionic surfactants can optionally contain at least one polycarboxylate-based polymer or copolymer which further improves the effectiveness of the degreasing composition.

Preferably the polycarboxylate polymer or copolymer has the following formula: wherein x = H, Na or similar alkali or alkali metal, AH, COOH, COONa or similar salts, A 'is COOH, COONa or similar salts, or -0CH3 or the alkali group having a chain length of about 4 to 10 carbon atoms; A "= H or CH3, and m and n are numbers so that the ratio of the monomer is in the range of about 10: 1 to 1: 10 and the total molecular weight of the polymer is in the range of about 1,000 to 70,000. (Unless otherwise specified, all molecular weights herein are expressed in terms of weight average molecular weight or M ()).

The polyacrylic acid having the above formula is useful as the polycarboxylate additive. An excellent copolymer having the above formula is an acrylic acid / maleic acid copolymer. Those skilled in the art may also find that certain mixtures of the polymers and copolymers in accordance with the formula established hitherto may also be useful as part of the degreasing composition and therefore also fall within the scope of the invention. .

Illustrative methods for the preparation of various useful polymers and copolymers of plicarboxylate of the invention can be found in Burke et al. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,126,068 which is incorporated herein by reference. An especially preferred proportion of the monomer for the polycarboxylate copolymer is about 1: 1. A monomeric ratio within the range of about 3: 1 to 1: 3 is also preferred. A preferred molecular weight range is from about 1,000 to 25,000 and even more preferably from about 8,000 to 12,000.

Copolymers especially useful as part of the degreasing composition include the following structures. A polycarboxylate copolymer with a molecular weight of about 12,000 and X = Na, A = C00Na, A '= C5H11, A "= CH3 and the monomer ratio is about 1: 1 (Polycarboxylate A in the examples). A polycarboxylate copolymer with a molecular weight of about 70,000, X = Na, A = C00Na, A '= OCH3, A' "= H and the monomeric ratio is about 1: 1. In addition, the polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of about 8,000 where X = Na can also be obtained from BASF Corp., under the trademark of SOKALAN ™ PA 30 CL.

The copolymer and the polycarboxylate polymer as part of the invention is added to the degreasing composition in amounts of about 0.005 to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. Preferably, the polymer and copolymer will comprise from about 0.01 to 05% of the total formula.

The Utility of the Present Invention The cleaning composition according to various embodiments of the invention is extremely useful in industrial, institutional and household cleaning and degreasing of surfaces, including but not limited to glass, ceramics, rigid and flexible hard surfaces, floors, tableware, carpets, and metals, especially for auto parts. The cleaning compositions can also be applied by methods including but not limited to washing by immersion, impregnation, sweeping, spraying, sonic and especially pressure spray. In addition, the composition for cleaning can be applied to a wide range of temperatures ranging from approximately 40 to 20ooF.

The following non-limiting examples illustrate the utility of the present invention; All percentages are based on the weight percentage unless otherwise indicated.

EXAMPLE 1 Cleaning Composition for Meat Packaging Equipment (a) 0.17 - 3.3% alcohol alcoxilate with one fatty alcohol moiety (a) has the following formula: RIOCHCrfc fOCHzCHz ^ KOCHzCHz íOCHzCHzJpJR 'II I I R 'R " wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is from the direct or branched chain alkali group of C12-15 with about 10 total moles of oxyethylate and about 5 total moles of oxypropyl, wherein also m = 1.5, n = l, o = 9, and p = 3.5. (b) 0.17 - 3.3% fatty alcohol having the following formula: wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is C16-18 with about four moles of oxyethylate and about nine moles of oxypropilate. (c) 0.17 - 3.3% fatty alcohol having oxietilate moieties having the following formula: where R = 13 and x = 10, EXAMPLE 2 Hard Surface Cleaner for Home Use (a) 0.5 - 2.0% alcohol alkoxylate with one fatty alcohol moiety having the formula: R [OCHCH2y (OCH2CH2) "] [(OCH2CH2y (OCH2CH2) p] R I R 'R' wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is from the direct or branched chain alkali group of C12-15 with about 10 total moles of oxyethylate and about 5 total moles of oxypropilate, wherein also ml. 5, nl, o-9, and p = 3.5. (b) 0.5 - 2.0% of a fatty alcohol moiety that has the formula: R-íCHzCHOWCHzCHzO íCHzCHO R "'I I R' R" wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is C19-11 with about nine moles of oxyethylate and about one mole of oxypropylate. (c) 0.5 - 2.0% fatty alcohol having oxietilate moieties having the formula: where R-13 and x-10.

EXAMPLE 3 Composition for Carpet Cleaning (a) 0.5 - 2.0% alcohol alkoxylate with one fatty alcohol moiety having the formula: R-ICHZCHO -ÍCHzCHzOJ CHjCHO R 'I I R' R " wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is from the direct or branched chain alkali group of C12-15 with about 10 total moles of oxyethylate and about 5 total moles of oxypropylate, wherein also m < = 1.5, n-l, o-9, and p-3.5. (b) 0.5 - 2.0% of a fatty alcohol moiety that has the formula: III R- (CH2CHO), - (CH2CH2OV (CH2CHO)? - R R 'R " wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is C16-18 with about four moles of oxyethylate and about nine moles of oxypropilate. (c) 0.5 - 2.0% fatty alcohol having oxiethylate moieties having the following formula: R (O CH2 CH2) x OH where R = 10 and x = 4. (d) 0.01 - 5.0% polycarbcxylate polymer of the formula: x = H, AH, A 'is COOH, A,' '= H and m and n are numerous because the proportion of the monomer is within the range of about 10: 1 to 1: 10 and the total molecular weight of the polymer or copolymer is within the range of about 1,000.

EXAMPLE 4 Industrial Composition for Degreasing (a) 0.17 - 3.3% alcohol alcoxilate with one fatty alcohol moiety (a) has the following formula: wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is from the direct or branched chain alkali group of C12-15 with about 10 total moles of oxyethylate and about 5 total moles of oxypropylate, wherein also ml.5, n = l, o = 9, and p = 3.5. (b) 0.17 - 3.3% of a fatty alcohol half has the following formula: R-YCHjCHOMCHzCHzOMC feCHOk-R '"I I R' R" wherein the length of the carbon chain (R) is C16-18 with about four moles of oxyethylate and about nine moles of oxypropylate. (c) 0.17 - 3.3% fatty alcohol with oxietilate moieties having the following formula: where R = 10 and x = 4 While the invention was described in each of its various embodiments, it is expected that those skilled in the art can make certain embodiments thereof without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the specification and the accompanying claims. .

Claims (6)

1. A water-based cleaning composition that does not contain a solvent, comprising a weight basis of: (a) about 0.15% - 5% of at least one alcohol alkoxylate with a fatty alcohol mital selected from the group of compounds of the formula: R [OCHCH2y (OCH2CH2) n] [(OCH2CH2y (OCH2CH2) p] R '" I I R 'R " wherein R is a right or branched chain alkyl group of C8 to C18; it is within the range of approximately 0 to 14; n is within the range of about 0 to 14, and R 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3 and mixtures thereof; R "is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R" 'is a hydroxyalkyl group of-OH1, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (b) about 0.15 - 5.0% of one half of the fatty alcohol of the formula: R-tCHjCHOMCHzCHzO íCHzCHOz- "'I I R' R" wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of C8 to C18; x is within the range of approximately 0 to 14; and is within the range of approximately 3 to 14; z is within the range of approximately 1 to 20; R1 is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof; R1 'is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R' "is a hydroxylalkyl group of OH, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (c) about 0.15 - 5% of at least one fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties of the formula: R (O CH2 CH2) x OH wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of CIO to C13 and x is within the range of about 4 to 10; Y (d) water.

2. A water-based cleaning composition that does not contain a solvent, comprising a base of weight of: (a) about 0.15% - 5% of at least one alcohol akoxylate are one-half fatty alcohol selected from the group of compounds of the formula: wherein R is a straight or branched chain alyl group of C8 to C18; m is within the range of approximately 0 to 14; n is within the range of about 0 to 14, and Rr is -CH3, -CH2CH3 and mixtures thereof; R "is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R '' 'is a hydroxyalkyl group of -OH1, -CH3, -O-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (b) about 0.15 - 5.0% of one half of the fatty alcohol of the formula: R-fCHzCHOMCHzCHzOHCHzCHOJz-R R * R " wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of C8 to C18; x is within the range of approximately 0 to 14; and is within the range of approximately 3 to 14; z is within the range of approximately 1 to 20; R1 is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof; R "is -CH3, -CH2CH3, and mixtures thereof, and R *" is a hydroxylalkyl group of OH, -CH3, -0-C3-C18 and mixtures thereof; (c) about 0.15 - 5% of at least one fatty alcohol having oxyethylate moieties of the formula: R (O CH2 CH2) OH wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of CIO to C13 and that is within the range of about 4 to 10; Y (d) about 0.1-0.5% polycarboxylate polymer of the formula: H H H A "1 1 1 1 -C - C - C - - C - 1 1 1 i t COOX A" H x = H, A = H, A 'is COOH, A' '= H and m and n are numbers such that the proportions of the monomer are within the range of about 10: 1 to 1: 10 and the total molecular weight of the polymer or of the copolymer is between the range of about 1,000; (e) water.

3. A degreasing composition with solvent-free aqueous base in accordance with Claim 1, wherein (a), R is a direct or branched chain alkali group of 12-15 with about 10 moles of oxyethylene and about 5 moles of oxypropilate; where also n = 1.5, n-l, o-9, p = 3.5.

4. An aqueous-based defatting composition that does not contain a solvent according to claim 1, wherein in (b), R = C16-18 with about 4 moles of oxyethylate and about 9 moles of oxypropyl.

5. A degreasing composition with aqueous base that does not contain a solvent according to Claim 1, wherein in (c) R-10 and x-4.

6. A non-solvent-based water-based degreasing composition according to Claim 1, wherein in (a), R = a direct or branched alkali group of C12-15; wherein also n = 1.5, n = l, o = 9, p = 3.5, in (b) R = C16-18 with about 4 moles of oxyethylate and about 9 moles of oxypropionate, and in (c), R = 13 yx = 10