MXPA97005659A - Punishing canyon for po pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

The pre invention relates to a well pipe drilling gun, characterized in that it comprises a support structure, at least one explosive penetrator and a detonator operatively connected to at least one explosive penetrator, in which the support structure is dimensioned and configured to be juxtaposed to at least one explosive penetrator, in drilling relation with the interior of the well pipe and the improvement by which the support structure comprises a sprayable material, the supporting structure disintegrating into obstructive debris, when the dog

Description

PERFORATION CANYON FOR WELL PIPES DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to oil and gas recovery devices, and particularly to drill rigs used to drill well pipes, in oil wells or natural gas wells. In general, oil or natural gas is extracted from the subsoil by drilling a well in an appropriate subsoil formation. A metal well pipe or jacket is inserted vertically into the well to a depth where the oil or gas is located, emptying concrete in the annular space between the outside of the well pipe and the well itself. When it is desired to cause the flow of gas or oil through the pipe for extraction, a drill pipe is inserted into the well pipe to the depth from which it is desired to extract the oil or gas. Conventionally, the drill barrel is a closed metal cylinder, containing a detonator (circuits and initiating controls of the explosives contained within the drill gun) and a plurality of molded penetration charges, which are detonated to horizontally drill the well pipe, or which allow the flow of oil or gas in the pipeline to the surface, for its collection. The closed metal barrel of the drilling gun protects the shaped charges and the detonator from heat, pressure and damage caused by water or other contaminants in the well pipe, before firing. In an alternate configuration of the prior art, a plurality of encapsulated shaped loads are suspended by metal chains within the well in various appropriate positions. Conventionally, the shaped charges are detonated using a transmission line of the trigger signal, extended to the well surface. In any case, the explosive formed charges penetrate horizontally into the well pipe and the hardened cement that surrounds it, forming openings in the surrounding soil and causing the flow of natural gas and oil. The present invention provides an improvement in wellbore drilling guns, because it consists of a support structure, at least one explosive penetrator and a detonator operatively connected to at least one explosive penetrator. The support structure is dimensioned and configured to juxtapose at least one explosive penetrator in perforating relationship with the interior of the well pipeline. The improvement consists of a support structure comprising a sprayable material, wherein the support structure comprising a sprayable material, wherein the support structure disintegrates into a non-obstructive waste by detonating the barrel. According to one aspect of the invention, the sprayable material comprises a phenolic material. According to another aspect of the invention, the support structure may comprise a seal dimensioned and configured to be slidably coupled inside the pipe. According to a further aspect of the invention, the support structure may be perforated, and both the detonator and the explosive penetrator may have protective wrappings. Optionally, the support structure may consist of a plurality of sequentially linked segments. Each segment can be cylindrically configured with two ends, at least one pin at one end and a notch opening at the other end. The notch opening can be sized and shaped in likeness to a dowel to receive at least one dowel of similar configuration and dimension. Preferably, the detonator must be an autonomous detonator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic view in partial cross section of a drilling gun, according to the present invention, placed inside a well pipe; Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a segment of the perforation barrel of Figure 1, enlarged with respect to Figure 1, with half of the support structure removed; and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the explosive penetrator of the perforation barrel of Figure 1. One of the problems with drill guns is that when detonated, the metal cylinder or the suspension chain breaks into fragments. that can obstruct the perforations created by the canyon inside the well pipe. The present invention provides a drilling gun which comprises, instead of a metal cylinder or suspension chains, a sprayable support structure or which in some other way disintegrates into very small fragments so as not to obstruct the flow of oil or gas in the well pipe. According to the present invention, a cylinder-type drilling gun consists of a sprayable cylinder, which acts as a support structure within which the explosive penetrators are placed and on them, a detonator assembly is fixed, to control the shot of the explosive penetrator. In one embodiment, the structure of the support cylinder is perforated, that is, it is exposed to the introduction of earth, water or other fluids into the well pipe and therefore the explosive penetrators and the detonator assembly have a protective shell, inside which the molded charges and the detonator circuit are sealed, respectively. Preferably, the casings for the explosive penetrators and the detonator circuits are composed of sprayable materials. Since the detonator and molded loads must be protected from heat, pressure and damage caused by water or other contaminants in the well pipe prior to detonation, the sprayable material of the casings of these components must provide a hydraulic seal around the components and must be able to withstand the pressures that may be encountered in the well pipe prior to detonation, for example, pressures up to 22,000 psi. For this reason, the sprayable material for the wrappers should preferably be alumina. Since the support structure is not enclosed, it does not require having the structural strength of the explosive penetrator casings and the detonator assembly. Accordingly, this allows more flexibility in the selection of the materials used for the support structure. As alternatives to the ceramic, a sprayable material can be used to form the support structure, such as the synthetic side-chain phenolic material, which can be compression molded into engageable segments, as described below. A suitable phenolic material is a black phenolic material which is available under the trade designation DUREZ 13856 AF, produced by "Occidental Chemical Corporation". The piercing barrel, according to the embodiment of the present invention, is shown in Figure 1, where the piercing barrel 10 is placed inside the well pipe 12. A cylindrical support structure 14 has a longitudinal axis oriented vertically (in Figure 1) and comprises a number of segments 14a, 14b, etc. which are jointly fixed sequentially. Each segment has a cylindrical configuration and perforation 16a, 16b, etc., to expose the interior of the support structure 14 and the explosive penetrators 18a, 18b, etc., fixed therein, within the interior of the well pipe 12. Each explosive penetrator 18a, 18b, etc., has a molded charge that projects a directed ejection to the detonated one and is positioned in such a way that the molded charge is oriented towards the well pipe 12, through the respective perforations 16a, 16b, etc., in support structure 1. The typical drill rigs consist of 10 to 20 explosive penetrators.

The piercing barrel also comprises a detonator assembly 20 attached to the support structure 14. The detonator assembly 20 has an electronic detonator circuit and a small detonating charge that can be ignited by the circuit at the appropriate time. A detonating tape fuse (not shown in Fig. 1), conducts the ignition starter from the detonator to the explosive penetrators 18a, 18b, etc., such that when the detonator emits an ignition signal, the detonators detonate. explosives 18a, 18b, etc., drilling the wellbore pipe 12. The charges molded within the explosive penetrators 18a, 18b, have sufficient strength not only to drill the wellbore pipe 12, but also to penetrate the surrounding concrete envelope and the surrounding formations of the subsoil, for allowing the oil or gas to flow into the well pipe 12. Each segment 14a, 14b, etc., of the support structure 14, is divided along its longitudinal axis into two halves . Figure 1 shows a support structure in which pairs of explosive penetrators are arranged in alternate directions, two right (as seen in Figure 1) and two left; in an alternate embodiment, the explosive penetrators can alternate in units. A segment of the support structure having this alternate configuration is shown in Figure 2, where the segment 14a 'is illustrated with a half removed, to expose the interior of the segment. As evident from Figure 2, there is within each segment, a plurality of rigid positioning ribs 22, which are dimensioned and configured to provide structural strength to the support structure and define positioning seats for the reception of the penetrator. explosive 18a, 18b, etc., and to define a passage through which a detonating tape fuse 24 may extend through the segment. Leaf springs 26 mounted on the second 14a1, maintain the tape fuse 24 in a detonation transfer relationship with the explosive penetrators. As is evident from Figure 2, the explosive penetrators 18a, 18b, etc., are oriented in such a way that their outlets are oriented, through the perforations 16a, 16b, etc., at an approximate angle of 60 ° with respect to to the longitudinal axis of the support structure. When the explosive penetrators and the tape fuse are properly placed in the seats and the payouts are defined by the ribs 22, the second half of the segment is put in place. A metal strip is placed in a groove 28 around the outside of the segment, to hold the two halves together. At one end, the segment 14a 'defines three pins 30 and at the other end, the segment 14a1 defines three insertion openings 32 for receiving similarly shaped pins, which can be fixed therein by an appropriate adhesive. The explosive penetrator 18a is shown schematically in cross section in Figure 3. The explosive penetrator 18a consists of the main molded charge 38, formed by a molding 39 and an explosive initiation pellet 40, disposed within a housing consisting of a housing 42 and a cover 44. The housing 42 defines a fuse slot 46, within which the tape fuse 24 (Figure 2) is disposed and retained by a leaf spring 26. When the tape fuse 24 is detonated, the impact penetrates the housing 42 to initiate the pellet 40, which in turn detonates the molded charge 38. The tape fuse 24 is detonated by the detonator assembly 20 as described below. The detonator assembly 20 (Figure 1) comprises an ignition circuit and an explosive initiation charge, disposed within a sprayable casing. The housing consists of pins that facilitate the assembly of the detonator assembly 20 in the support structure 14 by inserting the pins into the notch openings of the initial segment of the support structure. The tape fuse is placed against the detonator casing in detonation transfer relation with the initiatory explosive inside the detonator casing, similar to the position of the tape fuse 24 and the initiation pellet 40, as shown in Figure 3. Therefore, when the detonator circuit turns on the initiation charge, the initiation signal is transferred to the fuse. of tape 24 and then to the explosive penetrators in the barrel. To facilitate the proper placement of the drill barrel 10 in the well pipe 12, the support structure 14 contains at least one sealing ring 34.

(Figure 1) in it. Although the support structure 14 and the detonator assembly 20 are sized and configured to fit easily into the well pipe 12 without engaging the inner surface thereof, the sealing rings 34 encircle the drilling barrel 10 and are dimensioned and configured to slide fit into the interior of the well pipe 12. The sealing rings 34 may comprise a synthetic polymeric material such as TeflonMI polytetrafluoroethylene, wrapped in stainless steel braid, which helps to center the perforation barrel 10 within of the well pipe and provides at least a partial seal between them. The seal allows the operator to place the drill barrel 10 into the wellbore pipe 12 by pumping a fluid into the pipe, after the drill barrel is inserted therein. Verifying the fluid pressure in the wellbore pipe 12 by pumping a fluid into the pipe, after the drill pipe is inserted into it. By checking the fluid pressure in the wellbore pipe 12 above the bore 10, the position of the bore 10 can be controlled. In a typical embodiment, the borehole pipe can have an internal diameter of 4.55 and 4, 67 inches, while the support structure 14 in the detonator assembly 20 can have diameters of 4.25 inches, leaving a gap, which is filled by the sealing rings. To insert the barrel into the well, the barrel is mounted in a device known as the lubricator 36, shown schematically in Figure 1, which is placed on the surface of the floor, at the top of the well. The lubricator has a pumping mechanism, which creates a hydrostatic pressure head above the drill barrel to propel the drill gun into the well against the water pressure of the soil that may be present there. Since the water pressure of the soil is a function of the depth of the well, the barrel can be placed at the desired depth, controlling the pressure of the hydrostatic head created by the lubricator 36. During use, the drilling barrel 10 is placed in the lubricator 36, and if necessary, the detonation circuit is armed. The lubricator 36 propels the piercing barrel 10 in the pipe 12 to the desired depth, determined by the pressure imposed by the lubricator 36, above the sealing rings 34. The detonator assembly 20 is designed to detonate the ribbon fuse 24 when the piercing barrel has reached the desired depth, and can therefore comprise a depth sensing means, such as a pressure switch. Therefore, a hanging line connecting the detonator to an initiation device on the well surface is not necessary, ie, the detonator is autonomous. The tape fuse 24 in turn detonates the explosive penetrators 18a, 18b, etc., by drilling the well pipe 10, the concrete and the surrounding soil formation. When the penetrating explosives 18a, 18b, etc., are detonated, the support structure 14 disintegrates into very small fragments that do not obstruct the flow of oil and gas from the formation of the soil surrounding the drill pipe 12. Al providing a drilling gun having a sprayable support structure, the present invention eliminates the need for long suspension chains for the attachment of explosive penetrators in the well pipe and prevents clogging of the well pipe by fragments of the casing cylindrical metal. A sprayable support structure for use in the present invention can be easily fabricated at a low cost and the resulting support structure, which can be manufactured in longitudinal halves, as described above, allows a simple assembly of a drill gun that includes any number of desired segments. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to a particular embodiment thereof, it is evident that, from the reading and understanding of the foregoing, numerous variations of the embodiment described may occur to those skilled in the art, and the purpose of including such variations within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. CLAIMS 1. A well pipe drilling gun, characterized in that it comprises a support structure, at least one explosive penetrator and a detonator operatively connected to at least one explosive penetrator, in which the support structure is dimensioned and configured to be juxtaposed at least one explosive penetrator, in drilling relation with the interior of the well pipe and the improvement by which the support structure comprises a sprayable material, the support structure disintegrating in non-obstructive debris, when the cannon is fired .
2. 2. The piercing barrel of claim 1, characterized in that the sprayable material comprises a phenolic material.
3. 3. The piercing barrel of claim 1, characterized in that the support structure comprises a shaped and shaped seal that slidably engages inside the tube.
4. The piercing barrel of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the supporting structure is perforated and wherein the detonator and the explosive penetrator have sprayable protective wrappings.
5. 5. The piercing barrel of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the support structure comprises a plurality of sequentially linked segments. The piercing barrel of claim 5, characterized in that each segment has a cylindrical configuration with two ends, comprising at least one pin at one end and a notch opening at the other end, said opening being sized and configured, to receive a spike dimensioned and configured, as at least one of said spike. The piercing barrel of claim 1, characterized in that the detonator is an autonomous detonator.