MXPA97002805A - Buzo or emb set - Google Patents

Abstract

Controlled movement of the diver operated pneumatically in the manufacturing process of blow and pressure of narrow neck of glass container that is achieved by the use of a pressure regulating valve in the air supply to the diver, which determines the pressure supplied in accordance with the magnitude of a control signal that is determined by an establishment means that operates in response to pulses of time from a time control of the machine.

Description

DIVER OR PENCIL ASSEMBLY This invention relates to a diver mechanism for use in glass container manufacturing machinery. The machine most widely used in the manufacture of glass containers is the IS machine or individual section machine, which comprises a series of identical machine sections arranged along the corresponding sides and operating out of phase to produce a continuous series of containers. In the manufacture of containers in a section a glass waste is supplied to an empty mold in which the waste is formed in a parison, the parison is transferred to a blow mold and then blown in the desired shape of the finished container. Usually a section can be single, double, triple or even quadruple of waste, this is arranged to deal with 1, 2, 3 or 4 wastes in a cycle, and correspondingly comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 smooth molds and 1, 2, 3 or 4 blow molds. The formation of a glass waste where the parison is pressed to a desired shape in the smooth mold is usually carried out by one of three processes: 1. Press and blow - in which the parison is pressed to a certain shape in the smooth mold by means of a diver, and then transferred to the blow mold.

Traditionally this process is used for containers and jars with a wide mouth. 2. Blow and blow, where the diver is used to form a small recess in a glass waste in the smooth mold, and the glass is then blown in the shape of the parison in the mold. 3. Narrow neck pressure and blowing (NNPB) where a comparatively narrow diver is used to press the parison to the desired shape in the smooth mold. This process has become widely used in recent years, especially for lightweight bottles, for example beer bottles.

Usually the diver mechanism is a section operated by compressed air. In the case of the NNPB process, the diver is comparatively long and thin. To obtain the initial movement of the diver it is necessary to be able to develop sufficient strength, but it is undesirable to use a high air pressure because of the danger of developing too high a pressure in the glass at the end of the blow of the diver. Consequently, it is conventional to use a comparatively low air pressure in the NNPB process, for example 0. 42 0. 7 kg / cm, but to provide the necessary force for the initial movement when using an operating piston with a fairly large cross-sectional area. NNPB process, the precise movement of the piston is critical. It is desirable that the movement of the diver in the NNPB process should be as fast as possible, which tends to use a higher pressure on the piston, however because the diver has a small cross section compared to the piston, the pressure developed by the diver in the molten glass is considerably greater than the pressure of the air and thus while a high pressure gives a fast and smooth movement of the diver, this can lead to a too high pressure in the molten glass, resulting in movements Very small apertures of the parts constituting the smooth mold and the formation of thin glass beams on the parison and thus in the eventual container, which particularly in the finishing area is commercially unacceptable. Consequently, to provide commercially acceptable containers, it is necessary to use a low pressure to move the diver. This, however, reduces the speed of movement of the diver, and also by the tendency of a piston to exceed the air pressure in low pressure pneumatic systems, which also leads to irregular movement of the diver. Several proposals have been made in the past to overcome these problems. In US Pat. No. 4,662,923 and 5,236,485 diver mechanisms are shown in which movement is controlled by a servo feedback arrangement, but such mechanisms operate hydraulically. Although this hydraulic arrangement has many advantages for the operation of mechanisms in glass machines, the use of oil is unacceptable for many users. In addition, since many mechanisms in a glass machine operate pneumatically, the use of hydraulically operated diver mechanisms requires an additional power source. European patent EP 0 691 940 shows a pneumatically operated diver mechanism for use in a manufacturing machine comprising a piston and cylinder device, a diver mounted on the piston of that device, a tube that goes from the cylinder to a supply of compressed air and a control valve in the tube between the cylinder and the supply of compressed air, control valve which is a proportional valve that determines the pressure supplied to the cylinder according to the magnitude of a control signal provided to the valve, in this mechanism, the control signal is provided by a microcontroller that derives the size of the signal by an algorithm dependent on the position and pressure of the feedback signals from the piston and cylinder device. The system is thus a closed circuit system, and also quite complex and expensive. It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a pneumatically operated diver mechanism wherein the movement of the diver is exclusively controlled using a relatively inexpensive open circuit system. The present invention provides a pneumatically operated diver mechanism for use in a glass container making machine, comprising: a cylinder and piston device, a diver mounted on the piston of the piston and cylinder composite device, a tube that goes from the cylinder to a supply of compressed air a pressure regulating control valve in the tube between the cylinder and the supply of compressed air that determines the pressure supplied to the cylinder according to the magnitude of a control signal provided to the valve; means for establishing the magnitude of a control voltage that would determine the magnitude of the control signal provided to the valve, setting means which is arranged to start and terminate the control voltage in response to time pulses from a time control of the machine wherein the control signal comprises two portions, a minor initial portion for a very short period of time, a high value and a subsequent major portion of approximately 70% of the high value. The present invention also provides a dynamically operated diver mechanism for use in a glass container manufacturing machine comprising a piston and cylinder device a diver mounted on the piston of the diver and cylinder device a tube that goes from the cylinder to the supply of compressed air a control valve regulating the pressure in the tube between the cylinder and the supply of compressed air that determines the pressure supplied to the cylinder according to the magnitude of a control signal provided to the valve means to determine the magnitude of a control voltage that determines the magnitude of a control signal supplied to the valve, arranged means to initiate and terminate the control voltage in response to pulses of time for a control in machine time presentation means to present (a) the variation of the air pressure supplied to the cylinder in time (b) the desired variation of the air pressure supplied to the cylinder at the time where the setting means can be adjusted to cause the actual variation of the pressure corresponding to the desired pressure variation. Now follows a description in reference to the accompanying drawings, of a diver mechanism embodying the invention. Figure 1 schematically shows a diver mechanism embodying the invention; Figure 2 shows a graph of air pressure in relation to time in a diver mechanism according to the invention; Figure 3 shows in diagram, the air pressures exerted against a diver in three different circumstances. Figure 1 schematically shows a pneumatically operated diver mechanism for use in a section of an IS machine. This mechanism comprises a piston and cylinder device having a piston 6, a piston rod 4 movable in a cylinder 8. A diver 2 is mounted, in a conventional manner, on the piston rod 4. A tube 10 goes from the cylinder 8 to a head 9 which provides a source of compressed air at a pressure of 3 to 4 bar. A pressure regulating and regulating valve 12 is located in the tube 10 between the cylinder 8 and the head 9, and controls the supply of air to the cylinder 8 to move the piston 6 upwards causing the diver 2 to perform a shaping operation. The control valve 12 is an electrically controlled proportional valve and comprises an electronic control 14 connected by the wire 16 to the setting means 18 which can conveniently be a potentiometer. Connected to the medium 18 is a display or display panel 20, the wire 22 goes from the setting means 18 to a machine controller 26 (for example, that which can be obtained from Emhart as T-600) which acts as a time control and provides pulses of time to the means 18, the wire 24 goes to a source 28 of 6 volts. The controller 26 provides a time pulse for the means 18 causing a control voltage to be started to the valve 12, and another time pulse to cause the control voltage to terminate. The electronic control 14 of the valve 12 is connected by the wires 30, 32 to the display means, in the form of a production line console 34 and also to a supply 36 of a current of 24 volts.

The control valve 12 determines the pressure supplied to the cylinder 8 according to the magnitude of the control signal provided to the valve 12. This is modified from a commercially available proportional standard valve which is pressure regulator. Such commercially available valves are normally used in a flow situation therethrough and are used to control the pressure delivered through the valve between a maximum value and a minimum value according to the size of the control voltage provided to the valve, in the present mechanism the valve 12 is arranged as an ignition-off valve, that is, it provides a pressure that is proportional to the control signal provided in the electronic control 14 and in the absence of a signal is closed. The pulses from the controller 24 cause the setting means 18 to provide control voltage which conventionally varies between 0 and 6 volts, and a proportionate pressure is provided by the valve. The electronic control 14 is constructed in such a way that upon receiving a control voltage from the setting means 18 it transfers the received to a control signal comprising two portions, a minor initial portion of up to about 10 millionths of a second with a high value , and a larger successive portion with approximately 70% of the high value, consequently when the mechanism operates, the machine controller 26 at appropriate times sends a pulse of time along the line 22 to cause the means 18 to begin a signal of control (from 0 to 6v) sent along the wire 16 to the electronic control 14. The electronic control 14 translates the control voltage to a control signal with a very short initial reinforcement or elevation of a higher value (approx 140% ) than the control signal, and then a major or major portion of approximately the value of the control signal. Figure 2 shows the resulting pressures supplied by the valve 12. > As can be seen from Figure 2, the initial elevation of approximately 2 bar, lasts approximately 4 millionths of a second, while the main portion that follows the pressure lasts approximately 70 millionths of a second. Of course these times can be adjusted as desired. the initial lift serves to overcome the initial friction and inertia of the diver and the cylinder and piston mechanism, and the constant pressure affects the consistent and smooth operation of the diver mechanism. Although it is preferred that a uniform control voltage is transformed into the corresponding control signal in the electronic control of the control valve 12, it is understood that the control signal with its initial peak could if desired be created in the setting means. Figure 3 illustrates typical embodiments of the present system and conventionally operated systems with the pressure developed in the cylinder drawn with respect to time. curve A shows the operation of an existing typical pneumatic system. the signal is provided at time 0 and approximately 100 millionths of a second pass before any significant pressure is applied. the pressure rises to a summit in Pl of the full pressure applied (0. 5 bar), but then, due to the overtravel, it falls backwards and only rises to the full effective pressure at the end of the diver's blow at P2 after of 1,000 millionths of a second. A common way to try to accelerate this is to apply a higher pressure, as in curve B where the pressure of 0. 8 bar is used instead of the correct pressure of 0.5 bar. This produces an earlier peak at P3, and a completion of the full pressure stroke, P4, which is achieved after 600 millionths of a second, but the cost is the risk of the molds opening slightly and producing a faulty parison. due to the high pressure used of 0. 8 bar. Curve C shows the operation of a mechanism embodying the invention. It's not just an initial summit, P5 is achieved prematurely, after 100 millionths of a second, but the movement of the diver is reached after 650 millionths of a second (P6) without any damage by the pressure obtained. The setting means 18 is connected to the display panel 20 which shows the control voltage set for the diver. In practice there are several divers (from 1 to 4) in the section, each provided with its own control valve, and the voltage control for each of these divers is presented. The production line console 34 is connected to the control 14 and is arranged to present to the diver (or in a multi-job situation, for a selected diver) the variation of the air pressure supplied by the control valve 12 as related to the time, generally as shown in Figure 2. A desired variation of the air pressure supplied by the control valve 12 is stored in time in the memory of the console 34, and it is possible to display both the current variation and the desired variation. , and by adjusting the setting means 18, causing the actual variation of the pressure to correspond to the desired one. The experience allows for each particular diver, an effective pressure variation curve to be established in the console 34, and when the divers in a section are changed, an immediate adjustment to the potentiometer 18 can be made to ensure that the pressure conditions desirable will be provided to divers. It is appreciated that the described pneumatically operated diver mechanism obtains the desired movement of the diver without requiring feedback, either pressure or position, from the piston and cylinder device to the control valve or the machine controller.

Claims (5)

1. CLAIMS 1. - A diver mechanism operated pneumatically for use in a machine for manufacturing glass containers, comprising: a piston and cylinder device; a diver mounted on the piston of the cylinder and piston device; a tube that goes from the cylinder to the supply of compressed air; a pressure regulation control valve in the tube between the cylinder and the supply of compressed air that determines the pressure supplied to the cylinder according to the magnitude of a control signal provided to the valve; setting means for determining the magnitude of a control voltage that determines the magnitude of the control signal provided to the valve, setting means that are arranged to initiate and terminate the control voltage in response to pulses of time from a control of machine time; wherein the control signal comprises two portions, a minor initial portion for a very short time with a high value and a subsequent major portion with approximately 70% of the high value.
2. 2. - A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the control voltage is provided by the setting means to the control valve and is basically constant and the control valve comprises an electronic control that converts the control voltage to the control signal.
3. 3. - A mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the control voltage is basically equal to the voltage of the largest portion of the control signal.
4. 4. - A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the control signal is provided by the setting means to the control valve.
5. 5. - A diver mechanism operated pneumatically for use in a machine for manufacturing glass containers comprising a piston and cylinder device; a diver mounted on the piston of the cylinder and piston device; a tube that goes from the cylinder to the supply of compressed air; a pressure regulating control valve in the tube presses the cylinder and the supply of compressed air which determines the pressure supplied to the cylinder according to the magnitude of a control signal provided to the valve; setting means for determining the magnitude of a control voltage that determines the magnitude of the control signal provided to the valve, setting means that are arranged to initiate and terminate the control voltage in response to pulses of time from a control of machine time; presentation means for showing (a) the variation of the air pressure supplied to the cylinder in time and Ib) a desired variation of the air pressure supplied to the cylinder in time. whereby the setting means can be adjusted to cause the actual variation of the pressure to correspond to the desired pressure variation. EESUÜEM Controlled movement of the diver pneumatically operated in the manufacturing process of blowing and pressure of narrow neck of glass vessels that is achieved by the use of a pressure regulating valve in the air supply to the diver, which determines the pressure supplied according to with the magnitude of a control signal that is determined by an establishment means that operates in response to time pulses from a time control of the machine.