Nampewo (the atmosphere)
Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Nampewo kiva mu kugattika ebigambo by’oluganda “Nakazaala w’empewo ez’Obulamu”.
Emikka egiri mu bwengula nkuyanja naye zi gyonna nti gikola empewo ebezaawo ebiramu. Ku nkulungo y’Ensi kuliko ebirungo by’emikka eby’ekibalo ebikola “empewo” eyetaagisa okusobozesa obulamu okubaawo.
Bbulangiti y’empewo eno eyebulungudde ensi y’eyitibwa “Nampewo”. Ekitegeeza nti ye nakazaala w’empewo ey’obulamu.
Enkulungo (planets) zonna zirina namikka(planetary atmospheres) kyokka namikka w’enkulungo y’Ensi ye wanjawulo .
Mu nkulungo zonna ezetoloola enjuba Muwanga, enkulungo y’Ensi ye yokka eri mu kifo ekisobozesa embeera ez’ekibalo , ezisobozesa obulamu. Nampewo ye nakazadde w’empewo (omugattiko gwa ggaasi ezisobozesa obulamu) ku Nsi.
Kino Katonda yakiruka atya ? Ensi yebulunguddwa bbulangiti ya nampewo(the earth’s atmosphere) erimu ebirungo by’emikka ebikola empewo esobozesa obulamu okubaawo. Bbulangiti ya nampewo eno awamu n’olububi lwa ggaasi eyitibwa wozoni oba luyite olububi lwa wozoni (ozone layer) era bye biziyiza amayengo g’ekitangaala ag’obulabe okuva ku njuba , omuli aga Gama’le n’ago agali waggulu wa kkala eya vayolaobutatutuukako ku Nsi.
Nampewo kakung’unta ka Ensi akaziiyiza olubugumu (radiation) olw’obulabe eri obulamu obutatuuka butereevu ku nsi. Nampewo ekolebwa omugattiko gwa molekyu za ziggaasi n’ebintu ebirala ebyebulungudde ensi.
Nampewo okusingira ddala alimu zi ggaasi Nayitulojeni (78.09%) ne wokisigeni (20.95%). Mulimu ne ggaasi endala (other gases) ez’ebipimo ebitono awamu ne bu patike obw’enkalubo obulala ng’enfuufu, munyale (soot), evvu, n’omunnyo okuva mu semayanja.
Mu ggasi endala mulimu aligoni (Argon gas) 0.93% , ne kaboni-bbiriokisaidi (cabondioxide) 0.003% , awamu n’amazzi (agali mu kikula ky’enfuumo, amatondo n’obuyinja bw’omuzira) , ebintu ebiddako okuba mu nampewo.
Ebirungo (composition / ingredients) bya nampewo bya njawulo okusinziira ku kifo, embeera y’obudde, n’ebintu ebirala bingi ; ekyokulabirako , wayinza okubaawo amazzi mangi mu mpewo oluvannyuma lw’enkuba kirinnyamutikka oba okuliraana ssemayanja; okubaluka kwa volukano(ekipuluko) nakwo kuyinza okuteeka patike z’enfuufu ennyinji mu nampewo. Okwonoona empewo kuyinza okwongera ziggaasi , enfuufu oba munyale mu nampewo.
Akakungunta k’ensi kano, nampewo, kaba kakwafu (densest) okusingira ddala ku saafeesi y’ensi olwo ne kakendeera gy’okoma okugenda waggulu kyokka tewali lusalosalo lulambulukufu wakati wa nampewo n’obwengula.
Essomo lya nampewo (meteorology) liraga nti obulamu ku nsi tebwandisobose awatali bbulangiti eno eya nampewo. Katonda wa maanyi !!!
Nampewo mwe mubeera wokisigeni gwe twetaaga okussa ate era ye bbulangiti y’empewo z’obulamu eno ekkakkanya tempulikya ku nkulungo y’Ensi, n’ekkakkanya okukaalaama okubaawo ku nkulungo ezitaliiko nampewo.
Nampewo era etukuuma ng’eyingiza n’okusaasanya olubugumu (radiation) oluva ku njuba mu kigero ekyetaagisa . Ku masoboza ag’enjuba agatuuka ku Ensi, 30% gazzibwaayo mu bwengula olw’ebire ne saafeesi (ku ngulu) y’ensi ekitangaala bye kitomera. Nampewo ayingiza 19% olwo ebitundu 51% ne biyingizibwa Ensi.
Tetumanya kigenda mu maaso kyokka empewo erina obuzito , ensonga lwaki empewo etuli waggulu etuteekako akanyigirizi.
Okukontana okuli mu nampewo kuva ku embeera ey’obunnyogovu n’eyokwookya okujjira mu “olubugumu lw’enjuba” (solar radiation). Okukontana kuno kwe kuvaako embuyaga, kikung’unta, kibuyaga oba omuyaga ogubeera mu nampewo. Okukontana kuno kuleetebwa mpewo ekunta okuva mu kifo ky’akanyigirizi akali waggulu(awannyogoga) okudda akanyigirizi gye kali wansi(ewabuguma).
Akanyigirizi ka nampewo (air pressure) era kava ku buzito bwa molekyu z’empewo eziri waggulu. Gy’okoma okugenda waggulu, molekyu z’empewo zikendeera kubanga ezisinga ziba wansi. N’olwekyo akanyigirizi k’empewo kaba kakendeera gy’okoma okuva ku ttaka. Empewo ennyogoga n’eyokya bwe zisisinkana, ennyogoga ebugumizibwa ebbugumu eriva ku njuba, olwo n’efunvubira okudda waggulu eno ng’enyogoga bwe yenyigira wansi .
Akanyigirizi ka nampewo era kalina akakwate n’essikirizo (gravity). Akanyigirizi ka nampewo bwe buzito obwekkatira ku mpewo eri mu nampewo.
Okuyita mu mpewo ezitambula ng’embuyaga , nampewo atambuza ebbugumu erisukkulumye okwetoloola Ensi .
Mu ngeri emu oba endala embuyaga erina ekigendererewa kya Katonda okujja ebbugumu erisukkulumye okuva omusana we guba gukoze okugumba kw’amaanyikasoboza agasukkulumye oba okuva mu bitundu by’ensi ebyokya naddala mu tulopika n’amalungu okudda mu bitundu by’ensi ebinnyogoga naddala ebyo ebiri waggulu oba ebya latitudde eza waggulu.