In this assignment, you are given three problems focused on various areas of multithreaded programming. Solve each exercise according to the provided guidelines.

• Review the concepts of multithreaded programming and utilize them correctly
• Research pi calculation algorithms
• Familiarize yourself with the Semaphore, CountDownLatch, and BigDecimal classes
• Write a report on the assignment

1. Fork this repository and clone the fork to your local machine. Ensure to create a new Git branch before starting your work

2. Complete the following exercises based on the instructions provided:

   • Calculate Pi: Calculate the value of pi up to 1000 digits after the floating point. Find more instructions in the PiCalculator class.
   • Priority Simulator: Manage three different thread types and ensure the order of execution between them is correctly handled. Try to use a CountDownLatch for this exercise. Find more instructions in the Runner class.
   • Semaphore: Solve a synchronization problem using a Semaphore that allows 2 threads to enter the critical section. Find more instructions in the Controller class.

3. Commit your changes and push your commits to your fork on Github. Create a pull request (assigned to your mentor) to merge your changes to the main branch of your fork on Github.

• You can find unit tests for the first two exercises (Calculate Pi and Priority Simulator). Use these to ensure you've implemented the code correctly.
• You are NOT allowed to use the Thread.Sleep() method for the Priority Simulator exercise.
• You are NOT allowed to use any other form of synchronization tool for the Semaphore exercise. Only Semaphores may be used.
• Your report should include details on the solution you chose for each exercise (and why you chose it). Try to focus on the Calculate Pi exercise and explain the mathematical algorithm(s) you tried in detail.

• Your code should compile and run without any errors
• Your code should be well-organized, readable, properly commented and should follow clean code principles
• Your code should pass all of the provided unit tests
• You should use Git for version control and include meaningful commit messages

• Push your code to your fork on Github
• Upload your report to your fork on GitHub

The deadline for submitting your code is Wednesday, May 10 (20th of Ordibehesht). Good luck, happy coding and à bientôt!