feat: GraalVM Native Image support by kawasima · Pull Request #91 · enkan/enkan

kawasima · 2026-03-14T05:34:09Z

Summary

Phase 0: Remove unnecessary serialization from MemoryStore — session values are now stored directly in the in-process ConcurrentHashMap (no ObjectOutputStream/CustomObjectInputStream roundtrip)
Phase 1: Change "controller" routing key from Class<?> to String (FQCN) in RoutingCondition/Route/RoutingMiddleware; add getControllerMethodName()/setControllerMethodName() to Routable; Routes.generate() now accepts both Class<?> and String for backwards compatibility
Phase 2: New kotowari-graalvm module with:
- RouteRegistry — static holder for build-time Routes discovery
- KotowariFeature — GraalVM Feature that generates reflection-free KotowariDispatcher via Class File API and registers all controller classes/methods for runtime reflection
- NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware — dispatches via generated KotowariDispatcher.dispatch(String, Object, Object[]) instead of LambdaMetafactory
- EnkanFeature — GraalVM Feature that generates ComponentBinder<T> implementations via Class File API for each component class
- NativeComponentInjector / NativeComponentRegistry — reflection-free component injection using generated binders
- native-image.properties and reflect-config.json for mixin interfaces and parameter injectors

Test plan

mvn test -pl enkan-core,enkan-web,kotowari — all tests pass (routing tests updated to expect String controller key)
mvn compile -pl kotowari-graalvm — new module compiles cleanly
End-to-end native image build with a kotowari-example application (requires GraalVM installation; not part of CI yet)

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Phase 0 — MemoryStore: remove unnecessary Java serialization round-trip; session values are stored directly as Serializable in the in-process map, eliminating ObjectOutputStream/CustomObjectInputStream overhead. Phase 1 — Routing: change the 'controller' key in OptionMap from Class<?> to String (FQCN) so GraalVM never needs Class.forName() per request. Add Routable#getControllerMethodName / setControllerMethodName. RoutingMiddleware resolves the class via Class.forName once per route match and writes both the Method and the 'FQCN#action' string key to the request. Routes#generate() now accepts either Class<?> or String for the controller option for backward compatibility. Phase 2 — kotowari-graalvm module: new module with GraalVM Feature API - KotowariFeature: generates KotowariDispatcher (reflection-free dispatch via Class File API) at build time; registers all controller classes and action methods for native image reflection. - NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware: uses KotowariDispatcher.dispatch() instead of LambdaMetafactory; reads controllerMethodName string key. - RouteRegistry: static holder for Routes; lets KotowariFeature discover routes at build time without a factory class. Phase 2b — EnkanFeature: generates ComponentBinder<T> hidden class nestmates at build time (direct putfield / invokevirtual, no setAccessible). NativeComponentInjector delegates to registered binders before falling back to the standard ComponentInjector. Phase 3 — native-image.properties enables both Features automatically; reflect-config.json covers mixin interfaces and ParameterInjector impls. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…ures Use native-image.properties --features= registration instead, which is the supported mechanism in GraalVM 23+. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Copilot

Pull request overview

Adds GraalVM Native Image support for Kotowari/Enkan by reducing runtime reflection usage and adjusting routing metadata to be native-image friendly.

Changes:

Switch routing "controller" option from Class<?> to String (FQCN) and update URL generation/routing middleware accordingly (with partial backwards-compat in Routes.generate()).
Simplify MemoryStore to store session values directly in-memory (no serialization roundtrip).
Introduce new kotowari-graalvm module with native-image configuration, build-time bytecode generation features, and native dispatcher/injector implementations.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 18 out of 18 changed files in this pull request and generated 12 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
pom.xml	Adds the new `kotowari-graalvm` module to the multi-module build.
enkan-web/src/main/java/enkan/middleware/session/MemoryStore.java	Removes serialization; stores `Serializable` values directly in the in-process map.
enkan-core/src/main/java/enkan/data/Routable.java	Adds `getControllerMethodName()` / `setControllerMethodName()` extension accessors.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/factory/RoutingCondition.java	Stores controller constraint as FQCN `String` instead of `Class<?>`.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Routes.java	Updates generation to accept `Class<?>` or FQCN `String` controller values.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Route.java	Updates matching logic to compare controller names (`String`) rather than `Class<?>`.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/middleware/RoutingMiddleware.java	Resolves controller from FQCN and populates `Routable` with method + dispatch key.
kotowari/src/test/java/kotowari/routing/RoutesTest.java	Updates expectations for `"controller"` value to be FQCN `String`.
kotowari-graalvm/pom.xml	New module POM with GraalVM SDK dependency.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/KotowariFeature.java	New GraalVM Feature that generates a dispatcher class at build time.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware.java	New invoker middleware delegating dispatch to the generated dispatcher.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/RouteRegistry.java	Static registry to provide Routes to the feature at build time.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/EnkanFeature.java	New GraalVM Feature that generates component binders at build time.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentInjector.java	Injector that prefers generated binders with fallback to reflection.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentRegistry.java	Registry for generated binders.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/ComponentBinder.java	Interface for generated binder implementations.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/**	Adds native-image args and reflection configuration.

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kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:09:48Z

+                    code.ldc(i);
+                    code.aaload();
+                    ClassDesc paramDesc = ClassDesc.of(params[i].getType().getName());
+                    code.checkcast(paramDesc);
+                }


Fixed: now uses ClassDesc.ofDescriptor(type.descriptorString()) via toClassDesc() for reference/array types. For primitive parameters: checkcast to wrapper + emitUnbox() call. For primitive returns: emitBox() before areturn.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:09:56Z

+                        throw new MisconfigurationException("kotowari.DISPATCHER_NOT_FOUND",
+                                "KotowariDispatcher", e);


Fixed: changed to kotowari.CONTROLLER_METHOD_NOT_FOUND (for dispatcher not found) and core.MISSING_IMPLEMENTATION (for missing Routable) — both keys exist in the bundled properties.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:10:07Z

+                            cb.aload(1);        // Map arg
+                            cb.ldc(lookupKey);
+                            cb.invokeinterface(mapDesc, "get",
+                                    MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_Object, CD_Object));
+                            cb.checkcast(fieldTypeDesc);


Fixed: EnkanFeature now generates binders only for @nAmed @Inject fields from the concrete class (not superclasses). Field owner in putfield uses f.getDeclaringClass(). Unnamed @Inject fields and components without a no-arg constructor are handled by the fallback ComponentInjector path in NativeComponentInjector.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:10:08Z

+        Class<?> c = clazz;
+        while (c != null && c != Object.class) {
+            for (Field f : c.getDeclaredFields()) {
+                if (f.getAnnotation(Inject.class) != null) {
+                    result.add(f);
+                }
+            }
+            c = c.getSuperclass();


Fixed: EnkanFeature now generates binders only for @nAmed @Inject fields from the concrete class (not superclasses). Field owner in putfield uses f.getDeclaringClass(). Unnamed @Inject fields and components without a no-arg constructor are handled by the fallback ComponentInjector path in NativeComponentInjector.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:10:09Z

+                            cb.checkcast(fieldTypeDesc);
+                            cb.putfield(componentDesc, f.getName(), fieldTypeDesc);
+                        }


Fixed: EnkanFeature now generates binders only for @nAmed @Inject fields from the concrete class (not superclasses). Field owner in putfield uses f.getDeclaringClass(). Unnamed @Inject fields and components without a no-arg constructor are handled by the fallback ComponentInjector path in NativeComponentInjector.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:10:11Z

+                        // Create instance via default constructor
+                        cb.new_(componentDesc);
+                        cb.dup();
+                        cb.invokespecial(componentDesc, INIT_NAME, MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_void));
+                        cb.astore(2); // store component instance at local var 2


Fixed: EnkanFeature now generates binders only for @nAmed @Inject fields from the concrete class (not superclasses). Field owner in putfield uses f.getDeclaringClass(). Unnamed @Inject fields and components without a no-arg constructor are handled by the fallback ComponentInjector path in NativeComponentInjector.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:10:37Z

+        } else {
+            throw new MisconfigurationException("kotowari.ROUTING_GENERATION");
+        }


Fixed in commit ffd44de.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:10:38Z

+        if (action == null) {
            throw new MisconfigurationException("kotowari.ROUTING_GENERATION");
        }


Fixed in commit ffd44de.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:11:25Z

+    @Override
+    public void beforeAnalysis(BeforeAnalysisAccess access) {
+        Routes routes = resolveRoutes(access);
+        if (routes == null) {
+            return;


Acknowledged. Unit tests for the generated dispatcher/binder would require the GraalVM SDK on the test classpath, which is a provided/optional dependency. A separate test module or integration test profile is planned as a follow-up once the build infrastructure supports it.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:09:57Z

+    @Override
+    public <NNREQ, NNRES> RES handle(HttpRequest request, MiddlewareChain<Void, Void, NNREQ, NNRES> next) {
+        if (!(request instanceof Routable routable)) {
+            throw new MisconfigurationException("kotowari.MISSING_IMPLEMENTATION", Routable.class);


Fixed: changed to kotowari.CONTROLLER_METHOD_NOT_FOUND (for dispatcher not found) and core.MISSING_IMPLEMENTATION (for missing Routable) — both keys exist in the bundled properties.

@Inject

- KotowariFeature: fix primitive parameter unboxing and return value boxing in generated dispatcher bytecode; use ClassDesc.ofDescriptor() for array types - EnkanFeature: restrict @Inject field injection to @nAmed fields only (unnamed fields resolved by type-scan in ComponentInjector fallback); use field.getDeclaringClass() as putfield owner to avoid verifier errors for inherited fields - NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware: use core.MISSING_IMPLEMENTATION and kotowari.CONTROLLER_METHOD_NOT_FOUND (existing keys) instead of undefined kotowari-prefixed codes - Routes.generate(): replace bare kotowari.ROUTING_GENERATION throws (missing args) with core.INVALID_ARGUMENT for null controller/action Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Copilot

Pull request overview

Adds initial GraalVM Native Image support to Kotowari/Enkan by shifting routing/controller metadata to string-based identifiers and introducing a new kotowari-graalvm module that generates reflection-free dispatch/injection helpers at image build time.

Changes:

Introduces kotowari-graalvm module with GraalVM Features for build-time generation (dispatcher + component binders) and native-image configuration resources.
Updates Kotowari routing so recognized "controller" is stored as String (FQCN); updates route generation to accept both Class<?> and String for backward compatibility.
Simplifies MemoryStore to store Serializable values directly (removing Java serialization roundtrips).

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 18 out of 18 changed files in this pull request and generated 4 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
pom.xml	Adds `kotowari-graalvm` to the multi-module build.
enkan-web/src/main/java/enkan/middleware/session/MemoryStore.java	Removes serialization and stores session/conversation objects directly in-memory.
enkan-core/src/main/java/enkan/data/Routable.java	Adds `controllerMethodName` extension accessors for native dispatcher keying.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/factory/RoutingCondition.java	Stores `"controller"` constraint as controller FQCN string.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Route.java	Switches controller matching constraint from `Class<?>` to FQCN `String`.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Routes.java	Makes `generate()` accept controller as `Class<?>` or `String` (FQCN) and updates validation/errors.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/middleware/RoutingMiddleware.java	Resolves controller class from FQCN string and sets `controllerMethodName` on the request.
kotowari/src/test/java/kotowari/routing/RoutesTest.java	Updates routing assertions to expect controller FQCN strings.
kotowari-graalvm/pom.xml	Defines the new GraalVM support module and its dependencies.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/RouteRegistry.java	Adds build-time registry for supplying compiled `Routes` to GraalVM analysis.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/KotowariFeature.java	Generates `KotowariDispatcher` at image build time and registers controller reflection.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware.java	Uses generated dispatcher key (`FQCN#action`) for native controller invocation.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/ComponentBinder.java	Defines binder interface for generated, reflection-free component instantiation/injection.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentRegistry.java	Stores generated binders for lookup at runtime.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentInjector.java	Uses binders first, falls back to reflection-based `ComponentInjector` otherwise.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/EnkanFeature.java	Generates and registers component binders during native-image build analysis.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/.../native-image.properties	Registers GraalVM Features for native-image builds.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/.../reflect-config.json	Adds baseline reflection config for mixins and parameter injectors.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (1)

enkan-web/src/main/java/enkan/middleware/session/MemoryStore.java:22

MemoryStore now stores the session/conversation value object directly in the ConcurrentHashMap (no serialization/copy). This changes semantics versus the previous deep-copy behavior: concurrent requests for the same session key can now share and mutate the same Session instance (Session is backed by a mutable HashMap), leading to cross-request data races. Consider restoring a defensive copy on read/write (e.g., serialization-based clone, or a dedicated copy strategy for known value types like Session/ConversationState) to preserve thread-safety/isolation expectations for a session store.

    private record Entry(Serializable value, long expiresAt) {}

    private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Entry> sessionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    private long ttlSeconds = DEFAULT_TTL_SECONDS;
    private final ScheduledExecutorService purgeScheduler;

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kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:25:32Z

+            RuntimeReflection.register(ctrl);
+            RuntimeReflection.registerAllConstructors(ctrl);
+            for (Method m : ctrl.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+                if (m.getName().equals(entry.actionName())) {
+                    RuntimeReflection.register(m);
+                }
+            }
+        }


Fixed: registerControllerReflection() now calls registerAllDeclaredFields() and registerAllDeclaredMethods() for each controller class, covering @Inject fields and @PostConstruct methods needed by ComponentInjector at runtime.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:25:34Z

+                        // Create instance via default constructor
+                        cb.new_(componentDesc);
+                        cb.dup();
+                        cb.invokespecial(componentDesc, INIT_NAME, MethodTypeDesc.of(CD_void));
+                        cb.astore(2); // store component instance at local var 2


Fixed: generateAndRegisterBinder() now checks for an accessible no-arg constructor first (getDeclaredConstructor()) and skips registration with a log message if absent, letting NativeComponentInjector fall back to ComponentInjector for those classes.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:25:35Z

+        Object controllerValue = options.get("controller");
+        Class<?> controller;
+        if (controllerValue instanceof Class<?> c) {
+            controller = c;
+            merged.put("controller", c.getName());
+        } else if (controllerValue instanceof String name) {
+            try {
+                controller = Class.forName(name, false,
+                        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", name, e);
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new MisconfigurationException("core.INVALID_ARGUMENT",
+                    "controller", controllerValue != null ? controllerValue : "null");
+        }


Fixed: added generateWithStringController() test covering Routes.generate() with a FQCN String key, and generateWithInvalidController() covering the new error branches (invalid controller type, null action).

Fixed: added GenerateTest.java with generateWithStringController() (covers FQCN String path) and generateWithInvalidController() (covers new MisconfigurationException branches for invalid controller type and null action). These were added in commit b42d4ba.

kawasima · 2026-03-14T06:25:36Z

+        registerControllerReflection(access, entries);
+
+        byte[] dispatcherBytes = generateDispatcher(entries);
+        access.registerAsUsed(defineDispatcherClass(dispatcherBytes));


Fixed: after defineDispatcherClass(), KotowariFeature now calls RuntimeReflection.register(dispatcherClass) and RuntimeReflection.register(dispatcherClass.getMethod("dispatch", ...)) so the reflective lookup in NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware works in native images.

Fixed in commit b42d4ba: KotowariFeature.beforeAnalysis() now calls RuntimeReflection.register(dispatcherClass) and RuntimeReflection.register(dispatcherClass.getMethod("dispatch", String.class, Object.class, Object[].class)) immediately after defining the class, so the reflective lookup in NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware.getDispatchMethod() is guaranteed to work at native image runtime.

@PostConstruct

- KotowariFeature: register all declared fields and methods of each controller class so ComponentInjector can wire @Inject/@PostConstruct in native mode; also register the generated KotowariDispatcher class and its dispatch() method for reflection so NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware can resolve it at runtime - EnkanFeature: skip binder generation for classes without an accessible no-arg constructor; they fall back to ComponentInjector - GenerateTest: add tests for Routes.generate() with String controller key and for the new error branches (invalid controller type, missing action) Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Copilot

Pull request overview

Adds first-class GraalVM Native Image support for Kotowari/Enkan by shifting routing metadata to reflection-friendly strings, introducing build-time generated dispatch/injection infrastructure, and simplifying the in-memory session store to avoid Java serialization round-trips.

Changes:

Add new kotowari-graalvm module with GraalVM Features for build-time dispatcher generation and reflection-free component injection.
Change routing "controller" option from Class<?> to FQCN String across routing, and update tests accordingly (while keeping Routes.generate() compatible with Class<?> input).
Simplify MemoryStore to store Serializable values directly instead of serializing to byte[].

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 19 out of 19 changed files in this pull request and generated 7 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
pom.xml	Adds `kotowari-graalvm` module to the multi-module build.
kotowari/src/test/java/kotowari/routing/RoutesTest.java	Updates routing assertions to expect controller FQCN strings.
kotowari/src/test/java/kotowari/routing/GenerateTest.java	Adds coverage for URL generation using string controllers + invalid controller inputs.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/factory/RoutingCondition.java	Emits controller constraint as FQCN `String` rather than `Class<?>`.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Routes.java	Accepts `Class<?>` or `String` controller values for `generate()`; throws misconfiguration errors on invalid inputs.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Route.java	Stores controller requirement as a `String` and matches via `controller.getName()`.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/middleware/RoutingMiddleware.java	Resolves controller class from FQCN string, sets routable controller/method, and stores dispatch key for native dispatch.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/.../reflect-config.json	Adds reflection config for mixin interfaces and parameter injectors.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/.../native-image.properties	Registers GraalVM Features used during native-image builds.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/RouteRegistry.java	Provides build-time route registry hook for dispatcher generation.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware.java	Adds native-friendly controller invocation path using generated dispatcher.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/KotowariFeature.java	Generates `KotowariDispatcher` at build time and registers controller reflection metadata.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentRegistry.java	Static registry for generated component binders.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentInjector.java	Uses generated binders when present; falls back to reflection-based injection otherwise.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/EnkanFeature.java	Generates binder bytecode for selected components at native-image build time.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/ComponentBinder.java	Defines binder interface used by generated injection code.
kotowari-graalvm/pom.xml	Introduces the new module’s Maven configuration and dependencies.
enkan-web/src/main/java/enkan/middleware/session/MemoryStore.java	Removes serialization roundtrip; stores `Serializable` values directly.
enkan-core/src/main/java/enkan/data/Routable.java	Adds `controllerMethodName` extension accessors for native dispatch keying.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (1)

kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/middleware/RoutingMiddleware.java:119

core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND solution text includes a classpath placeholder ({1}). This call passes only the class name + cause, so the solution message will not include the classpath and may be misleading. Consider adding ReflectionUtils.getClasspathString() as an extra argument (consistent with ReflectionUtils.tryReflection).

                        Class<?> ctrlClass = Class.forName(arguments.get(0).toString(), true,
                                Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
                        return routes.generate(UrlRewriter.urlFor(ctrlClass, arguments.get(1).toString()).options());
                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                        throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", arguments.getFirst().toString(), e);
                    }

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+            try {
+                controller = Class.forName(name, false,
+                        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", name, e);
+            }


+                Class<?> ctrlClass = Class.forName(entry.controllerClassName());
+                // Find the action method
+                Method actionMethod = null;
+                for (Method m : ctrlClass.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+                    if (m.getName().equals(entry.actionName()) && Modifier.isPublic(m.getModifiers())) {
+                        actionMethod = m;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }


+/**
+ * GraalVM {@link Feature} that generates reflection-free {@link ComponentBinder} classes
+ * at native image build time for each component class registered in
+ * {@link NativeComponentRegistry}.
+ *
+ * <p>Component classes are discovered via the system property
+ * {@code enkan.component.classes} (comma-separated fully-qualified class names).
+ *


+
+    default String getControllerMethodName() {
+        return getExtension("controllerMethodName");
+    }
+
+    default void setControllerMethodName(String name) {
+        setExtension("controllerMethodName", name);
+    }


    public String write(String key, Serializable value) {
        if (key == null) {
            key = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        }
-
-        try (ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-             ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos)) {
-            oos.writeObject(value);
-            long expiresAt = System.currentTimeMillis() + ttlSeconds * 1000L;
-            sessionMap.put(key, new Entry(baos.toByteArray(), expiresAt));
-        } catch (IOException ex) {
-            throw new FalteringEnvironmentException(ex);
-        }
-
+        long expiresAt = System.currentTimeMillis() + ttlSeconds * 1000L;
+        sessionMap.put(key, new Entry(value, expiresAt));
        return key;


+            String controllerClassName = routing.getString("controller");
+            try {
+                controllerClass = Class.forName(controllerClassName, true,
+                        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", controllerClassName, e);
+            }


+                controllerClass = Class.forName(controllerClassName, true,
+                        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());


@PostConstruct

- EnkanFeature: remove @PostConstruct call from generated binder bytecode; unnamed @Inject fields and @PostConstruct are now handled by NativeComponentInjector after bind() returns, preventing silent null fields. - EnkanFeature: fix ClassDesc for field types using ofDescriptor(descriptorString()) instead of ClassDesc.of(getName()), which correctly handles array types. - EnkanFeature: remove unused findPostConstruct helper and dead imports. - NativeComponentInjector: after binder handles @nAmed @Inject fields, inject remaining unnamed @Inject fields via super.injectField(), then call postConstruct(). Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…-ready) Minimal GraalVM Native Image example with in-memory Todo API: - NativeSystemFactory: UndertowComponent + JacksonBeansConverter - NativeApplicationFactory: /todos CRUD routes + NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware + RouteRegistry.register() for KotowariFeature build-time discovery - TodoController: in-memory ConcurrentHashMap-backed CRUD - native-maven-plugin profile for one-command native build - RoutingMiddleware: fix effectively-final capture in computeIfAbsent lambda Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…ed-classes MixinUtils.createFactory() calls MethodHandles.Lookup.defineClass() at runtime to generate DefaultHttpRequest$Mixin<N> subclasses. This fails in native images because runtime class definition is not permitted. Fix: - MixinUtils.createFactory(): target Java 17 class-file format (major 69→61) so GraalVM's bundled ASM can parse the bytes; store bytes in `generatedClassBytes` before defineClass so they can be retrieved externally. - GenerateMixinConfig (new): standalone Maven exec entry point that builds the app middleware stack, triggers createFactory via createRequest(), then writes target/agent-extracted-predefined-classes/<hash>.classdata and target/predefined-classes-config.json. - KotowariFeature.pregenerateMixinClasses(): calls buildApp()+createRequest() at build time; handles LinkageError gracefully when the class is already predefined; registers every $Mixin class with the native-image analyser. - NativeApplicationFactory: extract static routes() and buildApp() methods so KotowariFeature can invoke them without a ComponentInjector. - kotowari-graalvm-example/pom.xml: add exec:java execution in prepare-package phase to run GenerateMixinConfig; pass -H:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -H:PredefinedClassesConfigurationFiles to native-image; remove -H:+RuntimeClassLoading workaround. - reflect-config.json: add Todo model for Jackson serialization. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

The default allowedTypes is Set.of("text/html"), which caused 406 Not Acceptable for all requests in the pure JSON API example. Set it to Set.of("application/json") in both buildApp() and create() so the JSON SerDes pipeline is selected correctly. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Covers prerequisites, project structure, API endpoints, JVM run, native image build steps (including why predefined-classes are needed), smoke test commands, and how KotowariFeature/EnkanFeature work. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

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Pull request overview

Adds GraalVM Native Image support for Kotowari/Enkan by introducing a native-focused module (features + generated dispatch/injection), adjusting routing metadata to avoid Class<?> storage, and simplifying in-memory session storage to avoid serialization.

Changes:

Switch routing "controller" option from Class<?> to FQCN String, and extend Routes.generate() to accept both Class<?> and String.
Add kotowari-graalvm module (GraalVM Features, reflection-free dispatcher generation, native controller invoker, native component injection helpers).
Add kotowari-graalvm-example module showing an end-to-end native-image build setup (including predefined mixin classes workflow).

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 34 out of 34 changed files in this pull request and generated 6 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
pom.xml	Adds new `kotowari-graalvm` and `kotowari-graalvm-example` modules to the multi-module build.
kotowari/src/test/java/kotowari/routing/RoutesTest.java	Updates routing recognition assertions to expect controller FQCN strings.
kotowari/src/test/java/kotowari/routing/GenerateTest.java	Adds coverage for URL generation with string controller values and invalid inputs.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/factory/RoutingCondition.java	Writes `"controller"` as FQCN string into route options.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Routes.java	Accepts controller as `Class<?>` or `String` in `generate()`; validates inputs.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/routing/Route.java	Changes controller constraint matching to compare against controller FQCN string.
kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/middleware/RoutingMiddleware.java	Converts recognized controller FQCN back to `Class<?>`; stores dispatch key on request.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/.../reflect-config.json	Adds baseline reflection registrations needed by native image runtime.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/resources/.../native-image.properties	Configures native-image to enable Enkan/Kotowari GraalVM Features.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/RouteRegistry.java	Adds build-time route registry for feature discovery.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware.java	Dispatches via generated dispatcher rather than `LambdaMetafactory`.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/kotowari/graalvm/KotowariFeature.java	Generates dispatcher bytecode and performs build-time registrations (controllers + mixins).
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentRegistry.java	Stores generated component binders for runtime lookup.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/NativeComponentInjector.java	Uses binders for `@Named @Inject` field injection with reflection fallback.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/EnkanFeature.java	Generates binders at build time using Class File API and registers them.
kotowari-graalvm/src/main/java/enkan/graalvm/ComponentBinder.java	Defines the binder interface used by generated injectors.
kotowari-graalvm/pom.xml	Adds the new `kotowari-graalvm` module build configuration and dependencies.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/resources/.../resource-config.json	Provides resource inclusions for the native example build.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/resources/.../reflect-config.json	Registers example factory and model reflection needs.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/resources/.../reachability-metadata.json	Adds reachability metadata for native-image compatibility in the example.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/resources/.../native-image.properties	Provides example native-image args (routes factory property).
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/model/Todo.java	Example record model for JSON API.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/jaxrs/JsonBodyWriter.java	Example JAX-RS JSON writer using Jackson.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/jaxrs/JsonBodyReader.java	Example JAX-RS JSON reader using Jackson.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/controller/TodoController.java	Example controller actions used for native dispatcher generation.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/NativeSystemFactory.java	Example EnkanSystem wiring for Undertow + Jackson + app.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/NativeMain.java	Example entry point for JVM/native execution.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/NativeApplicationFactory.java	Example middleware stack and route definitions; registers routes for build-time.
kotowari-graalvm-example/src/main/java/kotowari/example/graalvm/GenerateMixinConfig.java	Generates predefined-classes config for mixin classes prior to native-image.
kotowari-graalvm-example/pom.xml	Adds native build profile and exec steps for predefined-classes generation.
kotowari-graalvm-example/README.md	Documents how to build/run the GraalVM native example and features.
enkan-web/src/main/java/enkan/middleware/session/MemoryStore.java	Removes serialize/deserialize roundtrip and stores session values directly.
enkan-core/src/main/java/enkan/util/MixinUtils.java	Captures generated mixin class bytes and targets Java 17 classfile version for predefined-classes.
enkan-core/src/main/java/enkan/data/Routable.java	Adds controller method key storage to support native dispatcher lookup.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (1)

kotowari/src/main/java/kotowari/middleware/RoutingMiddleware.java:120

Same as above: core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND expects (className, classpathString, cause). Passing only the class name + Throwable results in an incorrect solution message. Add ReflectionUtils.getClasspathString() (or equivalent) as the second argument so the user sees the classpath when URL generation fails.

                        Class<?> ctrlClass = Class.forName(arguments.get(0).toString(), true,
                                Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
                        return routes.generate(UrlRewriter.urlFor(ctrlClass, arguments.get(1).toString()).options());
                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                        throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", arguments.getFirst().toString(), e);
                    }

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+            throw new MisconfigurationException("core.INVALID_ARGUMENT",
+                    "controller", controllerValue != null ? controllerValue : "null");
+        }


-        if (controller == null || action == null) {
-            throw new MisconfigurationException("kotowari.ROUTING_GENERATION");
+        if (action == null) {
+            throw new MisconfigurationException("core.INVALID_ARGUMENT", "action", "null");


+                Class<?> ctrlClass = Class.forName(entry.controllerClassName());
+                // Find the action method
+                Method actionMethod = null;
+                for (Method m : ctrlClass.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+                    if (m.getName().equals(entry.actionName()) && Modifier.isPublic(m.getModifiers())) {
+                        actionMethod = m;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }


+            String baseClassName = "enkan.data.DefaultHttpRequest";
+            for (long i = 1; i <= 20; i++) {
+                String mixinName = baseClassName + "$Mixin" + i;
+                try {
+                    Class<?> mixinClass = Class.forName(mixinName);
+                    RuntimeReflection.register(mixinClass);
+                    RuntimeReflection.registerAllConstructors(mixinClass);
+                    access.registerAsUsed(mixinClass);
+                    System.out.println("[KotowariFeature] Registered mixin class: " + mixinName);
+                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }


+            try {
+                controller = Class.forName(name, false,
+                        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", name, e);
+            }


+            String controllerClassName = routing.getString("controller");
+            try {
+                controllerClass = Class.forName(controllerClassName, true,
+                        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                throw new MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND", controllerClassName, e);
+            }


@nAmed

1. Eliminate Method.invoke on hot path: introduce KotowariDispatcherInvoker interface and NativeDispatcherRegistry; KotowariFeature instantiates the generated dispatcher and registers it; NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware calls invoker.dispatch() directly (invokeinterface, no reflection). 2. Fix pregenerateMixinClasses() blind scan: iterate MixinUtils.generatedClassBytes.keySet() instead of polling $Mixin1..$Mixin20, avoiding missed classes when the AtomicLong counter does not start at 1. 3. Fix EnkanFeature.collectNamedInjectFields(): walk getSuperclass() up to SystemComponent so inherited @nAmed @Inject fields are included in the generated binder bytecode. 4. Trim reachability-metadata.json: remove 83 over-captured agent entries (com.sun.*, sun.*, JMX, JFR, logging frameworks, primitive arrays) that are fragile across GraalVM versions; retain only application-specific and Undertow/XNIO/Jackson/slf4j entries. 5. Remove unnecessary extends SystemComponent<T> bound from NativeComponentRegistry.register(); ComponentBinder<T> only needs T. 6. Add KotowariFeatureTest: 6 tests covering extractEntries(), the generated dispatcher (no-arg, request-arg, unknown-key), and NativeDispatcherRegistry. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

MisconfigurationException("core.CLASS_NOT_FOUND") expects (className, classpathString, cause). The urlFor lambda was only passing className + cause, leaving the {1} placeholder blank in the solution message. Add ReflectionUtils.getClasspathString() as the second argument, consistent with ReflectionUtils.tryReflection. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Split the monolithic resource-config.json in kotowari-graalvm-example into per-module files so application authors no longer need to copy framework resource entries manually: - enkan-core: misconfiguration.properties bundle (MergeableResourceBundle) - enkan-component-undertow: Undertow/XNIO/JBoss service files and version properties - kotowari: JAX-RS MessageBodyReader/Writer service files (SerDesMiddleware) kotowari-graalvm-example retains only truly app-specific entries: slf4j provider, validation provider, simplelogger.properties, and the JFR view.ini needed by the example's JVM flags. GraalVM automatically merges all META-INF/native-image/**/*.json files from the classpath, so no extra build configuration is required in appli 10BC8 cations. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Application authors no longer need to copy Undertow/Jackson/enkan/kotowari reflection entries. Each module now ships its own native-image metadata: - enkan-component-undertow: Undertow, XNIO, JBoss Threads reflection entries (loggers, server internals, Headers/Methods/Protocols fields) and java.lang primitive wrapper TYPE fields required by Undertow JNI layer - enkan-component-jackson: Jackson SPI array types (Deserializers[], Serializers[], etc.) needed by the ServiceLoader path - kotowari-graalvm/reflect-config.json: enkan/kotowari middleware classes, mixin interfaces, ParameterInjector implementations, SerDesMiddleware, NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware — everything the framework itself needs kotowari-graalvm-example now contains only the 4 app-specific entries: NativeApplicationFactory, NativeSystemFactory, TodoController, Todo. reflect-config.json in the example is now empty (entries moved to reachability-metadata.json to avoid duplication). Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Replace the predefined-classes mechanism with a build-time class file approach: - MixinUtils.createFactory(): add factoryCache (ConcurrentHashMap) so the Supplier is built once and reused; add LinkageError fallback in buildFactory() to load an already-compiled mixin class via Class.forName instead of failing when defineClass() is rejected in native image - GenerateMixinConfig: write generated $Mixin class bytes to target/classes/ as ordinary .class files so the shade plugin includes them in the fat JAR; native-image compiles them normally — no predefined-classes mechanism required - pom.xml (kotowari-graalvm-example): remove -H:PredefinedClassesConfigurationFiles from native-image buildArgs; update exec plugin comment - KotowariFeature.pregenerateMixinClasses(): remove LinkageError suppression branch; registering mixin class for reflection still done after createRequest() succeeds - native-image.properties: add --initialize-at-build-time for MixinUtils, NativeDispatcherRegistry, and KotowariDispatcher so build- time static state (factoryCache, invoker) is preserved in image heap - reachability-metadata.json (example): add allDeclaredMethods: true to Todo so Jackson can serialize record accessor methods Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

@nAmed

1. Eliminate Method.invoke on hot path: introduce KotowariDispatcherInvoker interface and NativeDispatcherRegistry; KotowariFeature instantiates the generated dispatcher and registers it; NativeControllerInvokerMiddleware calls invoker.dispatch() directly (invokeinterface, no reflection). 2. Fix pregenerateMixinClasses() blind scan: iterate MixinUtils.generatedClassBytes.keySet() instead of polling $Mixin1..$Mixin20, avoiding missed classes when the AtomicLong counter does not start at 1. 3. Fix EnkanFeature.collectNamedInjectFields(): walk getSuperclass() up to SystemComponent so inherited @nAmed @Inject fields are included in the generated binder bytecode. 4. Trim reachability-metadata.json: remove 83 over-captured agent entries (com.sun.*, sun.*, JMX, JFR, logging frameworks, primitive arrays) that are fragile across GraalVM versions; retain only application-specific and Undertow/XNIO/Jackson/slf4j entries. 5. Remove unnecessary extends SystemComponent<T> bound from NativeComponentRegistry.register(); ComponentBinder<T> only needs T. 6. Add KotowariFeatureTest: 6 tests covering extractEntries(), the generated dispatcher (no-arg, request-arg, unknown-key), and NativeDispatcherRegistry. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

@Inject

- Update MixinUtils.generatedClassBytes Javadoc to describe the target/classes/ approach (remove stale predefined-classes reference) - Add Routes.getRouteList() and Route.constraints() public accessors; rewrite KotowariFeature.extractEntries() to use them instead of getDeclaredField/setAccessible, removing the hidden coupling to internals - Remove volatile from NativeDispatcherRegistry.invoker — the field is frozen in the native image heap via --initialize-at-build-time and is never written at runtime; add Javadoc explaining the rationale - Document in NativeComponentInjector Javadoc that unnamed @Inject fields still require reflection registration (allDeclaredFields or RuntimeReflection.registerAllFields) in native image - Fix reflect-config.json: use "type" key (consistent with reachability- metadata.json format) and add allDeclaredConstructors to ApplicationComponent - Add MemoryStoreTest covering write/read, TTL expiry, and the new reference-sharing semantics (storedReferenceIsShared test) - Add EnkanFeatureTest covering generateBinderBytecode, hidden class field injection, and collectNamedInjectFields exclusion logic; make generateBinderBytecode and collectNamedInjectFields package-private to enable direct testing without reflection - Fix README: update build steps to describe target/classes/ approach and --initialize-at-build-time instead of predefined-classes mechanism Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

kawasima and others added 2 commits March 14, 2026 14:33

fix: Remove deprecated @AutomaticFeature annotation from GraalVM Feat…

8648b00

…ures Use native-image.properties --features= registration instead, which is the supported mechanism in GraalVM 23+. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

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kawasima and others added 5 commits March 14, 2026 17:28

kawasima merged commit 75f995f into develop Mar 14, 2026

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feat: GraalVM Native Image support - #91

feat: GraalVM Native Image support#91
kawasima merged 14 commits into
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feature/graalvm-native-image

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		throw new MisconfigurationException("kotowari.DISPATCHER_NOT_FOUND",
		"KotowariDispatcher", e);

		controllerClass = Class.forName(controllerClassName, true,
		Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());

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