This is a PyTorch implementation of MoCo v3 for self-supervised ResNet and ViT.

The original MoCo v3 was implemented in Tensorflow and run in TPUs. This repo re-implements in PyTorch and GPUs. Despite the library and numerical differences, this repo reproduces the results and observations in the paper.

The following results are based on ImageNet-1k self-supervised pre-training, followed by ImageNet-1k supervised training for linear evaluation or end-to-end fine-tuning. All results in these tables are based on a batch size of 4096.

Pre-trained models and configs can be found at CONFIG.md.

The end-to-end fine-tuning results are obtained using the DeiT repo, using all the default DeiT configs. ViT-B is fine-tuned for 150 epochs (vs DeiT-B's 300ep, which has 81.8% accuracy).

Install PyTorch and download the ImageNet dataset following the official PyTorch ImageNet training code. Similar to MoCo v1/2, this repo contains minimal modifications on the official PyTorch ImageNet code. We assume the user can successfully run the official PyTorch ImageNet code. For ViT models, install timm (timm==0.4.9).

The code has been tested with CUDA 10.2/CuDNN 7.6.5, PyTorch 1.9.0 and timm 0.4.9.

Below are three examples for MoCo v3 pre-training.

On the first node, run:

python main_moco.py \
  --moco-m-cos --crop-min=.2 \
  --dist-url 'tcp://[your first node address]:[specified port]' \
  --multiprocessing-distributed --world-size 2 --rank 0 \
  [your imagenet-folder with train and val folders]

On the second node, run the same command with --rank 1. With a batch size of 4096, the training can fit into 2 nodes with a total of 16 Volta 32G GPUs.

python main_moco.py \
  -a vit_small -b 1024 \
  --optimizer=adamw --lr=1.5e-4 --weight-decay=.1 \
  --epochs=300 --warmup-epochs=40 \
  --stop-grad-conv1 --moco-m-cos --moco-t=.2 \
  --dist-url 'tcp://localhost:10001' \
  --multiprocessing-distributed --world-size 1 --rank 0 \
  [your imagenet-folder with train and val folders]

With a batch size of 4096, ViT-Base is trained with 8 nodes:

python main_moco.py \
  -a vit_base \
  --optimizer=adamw --lr=1.5e-4 --weight-decay=.1 \
  --epochs=300 --warmup-epochs=40 \
  --stop-grad-conv1 --moco-m-cos --moco-t=.2 \
  --dist-url 'tcp://[your first node address]:[specified port]' \
  --multiprocessing-distributed --world-size 8 --rank 0 \
  [your imagenet-folder with train and val folders]

On other nodes, run the same command with --rank 1, ..., --rank 7 respectively.

1. The batch size specified by -b is the total batch size across all GPUs.
2. The learning rate specified by --lr is the base lr, and is adjusted by the linear lr scaling rule in this line.
3. Using a smaller batch size has a more stable result (see paper), but has lower speed. Using a large batch size is critical for good speed in TPUs (as we did in the paper).
4. In this repo, only multi-gpu, DistributedDataParallel training is supported; single-gpu or DataParallel training is not supported. This code is improved to better suit the multi-node setting, and by default uses automatic mixed-precision for pre-training.

By default, we use momentum-SGD and a batch size of 1024 for linear classification on frozen features/weights. This can be done with a single 8-GPU node.

python main_lincls.py \
  -a [architecture] --lr [learning rate] \
  --dist-url 'tcp://localhost:10001' \
  --multiprocessing-distributed --world-size 1 --rank 0 \
  --pretrained [your checkpoint path]/[your checkpoint file].pth.tar \
  [your imagenet-folder with train and val folders]

To perform end-to-end fine-tuning for ViT, use our script to convert the pre-trained ViT checkpoint to DEiT format:

python convert_to_deit.py \
  --input [your checkpoint path]/[your checkpoint file].pth.tar \
  --output [target checkpoint file].pth

Then run the training (in the DeiT repo) with the converted checkpoint:

python $DEIT_DIR/main.py \
  --resume [target checkpoint file].pth \
  --epochs 150

This gives us 83.2% accuracy for ViT-Base with 150-epoch fine-tuning.

Note:

1. We use --resume rather than --finetune in the DeiT repo, as its --finetune option trains under eval mode. When loading the pre-trained model, revise model_without_ddp.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model']) with strict=False.
2. Our ViT-Small is with heads=12 in the Transformer block, while by default in DeiT it is heads=6. Please modify the DeiT code accordingly when fine-tuning our ViT-Small model.

See the commands listed in CONFIG.md for specific model configs, including our recommended hyper-parameters and pre-trained reference models.

See the instructions in the transfer dir.

This project is under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license. See LICENSE for details.

@Article{chen2021mocov3,
  author  = {Xinlei Chen* and Saining Xie* and Kaiming He},
  title   = {An Empirical Study of Training Self-Supervised Vision Transformers},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.02057},
  year    = {2021},
}