測量

測量學（粵拼：caak1 leong4 hok6；英文：Surveying），簡稱測量，係指對地球嘅表面特徵作出相對大規模同準確嘅量度，目的多數係要協助土木工程上嘅工作：測量師要負責親身去一笪地方視察攞數據－途中要用到好多複雜嘅量度架生；度完之後就要處理同報告啲數據，而呢啲數據跟住就會俾建築師同工程師等嘅人員攞去用^[1]^[2]。

舉個簡單例子，家陣政府想起一棟建築物或者一座橋，喺郁手施工之前實會請測量師幫手；測量師會攞住軟尺同三維掃瞄等嘅架生，親身去預想工地度吓笪地每一點幾高、每一段斜坡幾多角度、以及係每笪水體幾大幾深^[3]... 噉嘅一大拃數據；然後測量師就要將攞到嘅數據以數字加埋圖像嘅方式表達出嚟，而且要表達得易睇易明，等建築師同工程師可以睇住啲數據，計劃想起嘅嘢要點樣設計同埋施工^[4]。

自從文明早期以嚟，人一路都有喺度起大型嘅構造（例子可以睇胡夫金字塔），自自然然一路都有用到測量技術。到咗廿一世紀初，測量學經已成為咗工程學不可或缺嘅一門專業，包括係基礎建設、建築設計同城市規劃等嘅工作都需要搵測量師幫手；而且廿一世紀初嘅學術界仲有研究點樣改良測量用嘅技術，務求做到令測量嘅準確度同效率有咁高得咁高－理論同實踐都受到重視^[4]^[5]。

定位

子領域

硬件架生

軟件架生

技巧

簡史

睇埋

攷

↑ Schofield, W., & Breach, M. (2007). Engineering surveying. CRC Press.
↑ Uren, J., & Price, W. F. (2010). Surveying for engineers. Macmillan International Higher Education.
↑ Dundas, S. J., Vardanega, M., O’Brien, P., & McLeod, S. R. (2021). Quantifying waterfowl numbers: Comparison of drone and ground-based survey methods for surveying waterfowl on artificial waterbodies. Drones, 5(1), 5.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Burns, W. J., Coe, J. A., Kaya, B. S., & Ma, L. (2010). Analysis of elevation changes detected from multi-temporal LiDAR surveys in forested landslide terrain in western Oregon. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, 16(4), 315-341.
↑ McNeil, B., & Snow, C. (2016). The truth about drones in mapping and surveying. Skylogic Res, 200, 1-6.

拎

Géomètres sans Frontières : Association de géometres pour aide au développement. NGO Surveyors without borders
The National Museum of Surveying The Home of the National Museum of Surveying in Springfield, Illinois
Land Surveyors United Support Network Global social support network featuring surveyor forums, instructional videos, industry news and support groups based on geolocation.
Natural Resources Canada – Surveying Good overview of surveying with references to construction surveys, cadastral surveys, photogrammetry surveys, mining surveys, hydrographic surveys, route surveys, control surveys and topographic surveys
Table of Surveying, 1728 Cyclopaedia
Surveying & Triangulation The History of Surveying And Survey Equipment
NCEES National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES)
NSPS National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS)
Ground Penetrating Radar FAQ Using Ground Penetrating Radar for Land Surveying
Survey Earth A Global event for professional land surveyors and students to remeasure planet in a single day during summer solstice as a community of land surveyors.
Surveyors – Occupational Employment Statistics

[schofield2007-1] Schofield, W., & Breach, M. (2007). Engineering surveying. CRC Press.

[uren2010-2] Uren, J., & Price, W. F. (2010). Surveying for engineers. Macmillan International Higher Education.

[3] Dundas, S. J., Vardanega, M., O’Brien, P., & McLeod, S. R. (2021). Quantifying waterfowl numbers: Comparison of drone and ground-based survey methods for surveying waterfowl on artificial waterbodies. Drones, 5(1), 5.

[burns2010-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Burns, W. J., Coe, J. A., Kaya, B. S., & Ma, L. (2010). Analysis of elevation changes detected from multi-temporal LiDAR surveys in forested landslide terrain in western Oregon. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, 16(4), 315-341.

[5] McNeil, B., & Snow, C. (2016). The truth about drones in mapping and surveying. Skylogic Res, 200, 1-6.

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