Leonard Bernstein

Leonard Bernstein
Leonard Bernstein
Doğum	Louis Bernstein; 25 Ağustos 1918; Lawrence, Massachusetts, ABD
Ölüm	14 Ekim 1990 (72 yaşında); New York, New York, ABD
Meslek	Piyanist, orkestra şefi, besteci, yazar
Etkin yıllar	1940-1990
İmza

Leonard Bernstein (d. 25 Ağustos 1918 - ö. 14 Ekim 1990), Amerikalı orkestra şefi, besteci, yazar ve piyanist.

ABD'de doğup eğitimini orada almış ve dünya çapında tanınmış ilk orkestra şeflerindendir. The New York Times Bernstein için Amerikan tarihinin fevkalade yetenekli ve en başarılı müzisyenlerinden biriydi demiştir.^[1]

Tanınırlığı uzun yıllar New York Filarmonik'in müzik direktörlüğünü yapmasından, dünyanın önde gelen orkestralarını yönetmesinden ve Batı Yakasının Hikâyesi'nin yanı sıra Candide, Wonderful Town, On the Town ve Mass müzikalleri için müzik bestelemiştir.

Bernstein 1954 yılından başlayarak ölümüne kadar klasik müzikle ilgili sayısız televizyon programına çıkan ilk orkestra şefidir. Piyanist olarak piyano konçertolarını çalarken orkestra yönetti.^[2]

Kaynakça

^ ["Henahan, Donal. Leonard Bernstein, 72, Music's Monarch, Dies. [[The New York Times]]. 15 Ekim 1990. 2 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde erişildi. (İngilizce)". 11 Kasım 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Temmuz 2011. Henahan, Donal. Leonard Bernstein, 72, Music's Monarch, Dies. The New York Times. 15 Ekim 1990. 2 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde erişildi. (İngilizce)]
^ ["Laird, Paul R. Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research. Routledge, 2002. sayfa:10. (İngilizce)". 29 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Temmuz 2011. Laird, Paul R. Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research. Routledge, 2002. sayfa:10. (İngilizce)]

[1] ["Henahan, Donal. Leonard Bernstein, 72, Music's Monarch, Dies. [[The New York Times]]. 15 Ekim 1990. 2 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde erişildi. (İngilizce)". 11 Kasım 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Temmuz 2011. Henahan, Donal. Leonard Bernstein, 72, Music's Monarch, Dies. The New York Times. 15 Ekim 1990. 2 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde erişildi. (İngilizce)]

[2] ["Laird, Paul R. Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research. Routledge, 2002. sayfa:10. (İngilizce)". 29 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Temmuz 2011. Laird, Paul R. Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research. Routledge, 2002. sayfa:10. (İngilizce)]

[1]

[2]

g t d En İyi Sesli Kitap, Anlatım ve Hikaye Anlatımı Kaydı dalında Grammy Ödülü
1958−1979	The Best of the Stan Freberg Shows – Stan Freberg (1958) Lincoln Portrait – Carl Sandburg (1959) FDR Speaks – Robert Bialek (producer) (1960) Humor in Music – Leonard Bernstein (1961) The Story-Teller: A Session with Charles Laughton – Charles Laughton (1962) Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? – Edward Albee (playwright) (1963) BBC Tribute to John F. Kennedy – That Was the Week That Was (1964) John F. Kennedy: As We Remember Him – Goddard Lieberson (producer) (1965) Edward R. Murrow - A Reporter Remembers, Vol. I: The War Years – Edward R. Murrow (1966) Gallant Men – Everett Dirksen (1967) Lonesome Cities – Rod McKuen (1968) We Love You Call Collect – Art Linkletter & Diane Linkletter (1969) Why I Oppose the War in Vietnam – Martin Luther King Jr. (1970) Desiderata – Les Crane (1971) Lenny – Bruce Botnick (producer) & the Original Broadway Cast (1972) Jonathan Livingston Seagull – Richard Harris (1973) Good Evening – Peter Cook and Dudley Moore (1974) Give 'em Hell, Harry! – James Whitmore (1975) Great American Documents – Henry Fonda, Helen Hayes, James Earl Jones, and Orson Welles (1976) The Belle of Amherst – Julie Harris (1977) Citizen Kane (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – Orson Welles (1978) Ages of Man: Readings from Shakespeare – John Gielgud (1979)
1980−1999	Gertrude Stein, Gertrude Stein, Gertrude Stein – Pat Carroll (1980) Donovan's Brain – Orson Welles (1981) Raiders of the Lost Ark: The Movie on Record – Tom Voegeli (producer) and Various Artists (1982) Lincoln Portrait – William Warfield (1983) The Words of Gandhi – Ben Kingsley (1984) Ma Rainey's Black Bottom – Mike Berniker (producer) & the Original Broadway Cast (1985) Interviews from the Class of '55 Recording Sessions – Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Chips Moman, Ricky Nelson, Roy Orbison, Carl Perkins, and Sam Phillips (1986) Lake Wobegon Days – Garrison Keillor (1987) Speech by Rev. Jesse Jackson – Jesse Jackson (1988) It's Always Something – Gilda Radner (1989) Gracie: A Love Story – George Burns (1990) The Civil War – Ken Burns (1991) What You Can Do to Avoid AIDS – Earvin "Magic" Johnson and Robert O'Keefe (1992) On the Pulse of Morning – Maya Angelou (1993) Get in the Van – Henry Rollins (1994) Phenomenal Woman – Maya Angelou (1995) It Takes a Village – Hillary Clinton (1996) Charles Kuralt's Spring – Charles Kuralt (1997) Still Me – Christopher Reeve (1998) The Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr. – LeVar Burton (1999)
2000−2019	The Measure of a Man: A Spiritual Autobiography – Sidney Poitier, Rick Harris, and John Runnette (producers) (2000) Q: The Autobiography of Quincy Jones – Quincy Jones, Jeffrey S. Thomas, Steven Strassman (engineers), and Elisa Shokoff (producer) (2001) A Song Flung Up to Heaven – Maya Angelou and Charles B. Potter (producer) (2002) Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them – Al Franken and Paul Ruben (producer) (2003) My Life – Bill Clinton (2004) Dreams from My Father – Barack Obama (2005) Our Endangered Values: America's Moral Crisis – Jimmy Carter / With Ossie and Ruby – Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee (2006) The Audacity of Hope – Barack Obama and Jacob Bronstein (producer) (2007) An Inconvenient Truth by Al Gore – Beau Bridges, Cynthia Nixon, and Blair Underwood (2008) Always Looking Up – Michael J. Fox (2009) The Daily Show with Jon Stewart Presents Earth (The Audiobook) – Jon Stewart (2010) If You Ask Me (And of Course You Won't) – Betty White (2011) Society's Child – Janis Ian (2012) America Again: Re-becoming the Greatness We Never Weren't – Stephen Colbert (2013) Diary of a Mad Diva – Joan Rivers (2014) A Full Life: Reflections at 90 – Jimmy Carter (2015) In Such Good Company: Eleven Years of Laughter, Mayhem, and Fun in the Sandbox – Carol Burnett (2016) The Princess Diarist – Carrie Fisher (2017) Faith: A Journey for All – Jimmy Carter (2018) Becoming – Michelle Obama (2019)
2020−günümüz	Blowout: Corrupted Democracy, Rogue State Russia, and the Richest, Most Destructive Industry on Earth – Rachel Maddow (2020) Carry On: Reflections for a New Generation from John Lewis − Don Cheadle (2021) Finding Me – Viola Davis (2022) The Light We Carry: Overcoming in Uncertain Times – Michelle Obama (2023)

g t d En İyi Çocuk Müziği Albümü Grammy Ödülü
1958−1974	"The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)" – Ross Bagdasarian Sr. (1958) Peter and the Wolf – Peter Ustinov (1959) Let's All Sing with The Chipmunks – Ross Bagdasarian Sr. (1960) Prokofiev: Peter ve Kurt – Leonard Bernstein (1961) Saint-Saëns: Carnival of the Animals/Britten: Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra – Leonard Bernstein (1962) Bernstein Conducts for Young People – Leonard Bernstein (1963) Mary Poppins: Original Cast Soundtrack – Dick Van Dyke & Julie Andrews (1964) Dr. Seuss Presents: "Fox in Sox" and "Green Eggs and Ham" – Marvin Miller (1965) Dr. Seuss Presents - "If I Ran the Zoo" and "Sleep Book" – Marvin Miller (1966) Dr. Seuss: How The Grinch Stole Christmas – Boris Karloff (1967) Ödül verilmedi (1968) Peter, Paul and Mommy – Peter, Paul and Mary (1969) Sesame Street – Joan Cooney & Thomas Z. Shepard (producers) (1970) Bill Cosby Talks to Kids About Drugs – Bill Cosby (1971) The Electric Company – Bill Cosby & Rita Moreno (1972) Sesame Street Live! – Joe Raposo (producer) (1973) Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too – Paul Winchell, Sebastian Cabot & Sterling Holloway (1974)
1975−1992	The Little Prince – Richard Burton (1975) Prokofiev: Peter and the Wolf / Saint-Saëns: "Carnival of the Animals" – Hermione Gingold & Karl Böhm (1976) Aren't You Glad You're You – Christopher Cerf & Jim Timmens (producers) (1977) The Muppet Show – Jim Henson (producer) (1978) The Muppet Movie – Jim Henson & Paul Williams (producers) (1979) In Harmony: A Sesame Street Record – David Levine & Lucy Simon (producers) (1980) Sesame Country – Jim Henson & Dennis Scott (producers) (1981) In Harmony 2 – David Levine & Lucy Simon (producers) (1982) E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial – Michael Jackson and Quincy Jones (producer) (1983) Where the Sidewalk Ends – Shel Silverstein and Ron Haffkine (producer) (1984) Sesame Street Presents: Follow That Bird – Jim Henson & Steve Buckingham (producers) (1985) The Alphabet – Jim Henson, Geri Van Rees & Kathryn King (producers) (1986) The Elephant's Child – Bobby McFerrin & Jack Nicholson (1987) Pecos Bill – Robin Williams and Ry Cooder (1988) The Rock-A-Bye Collection, Volume 1 – Tanya Goodman (1989) The Little Mermaid: An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack – Alan Menken & Howard Ashman (songwriters) (1990) A Cappella Kids – Clifford "Barney" Robertson (producer) (1991) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack – Alan Menken & Howard Ashman (songwriters) (1992)
2011−günümüz	All About Bullies... Big and Small – Gloria Domina, James Cravero, Kevin Mackie, Patrick Robinson & Steve Pullara (producers) (2011) Can You Canoe? – The Okee Dokee Brothers (2012) Throw a Penny in the Wishing Well – Jennifer Gasoi (2013) I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World – Neela Vaswani (2014) Home – Tim Kubart (2015) Infinity Plus One – Secret Agent 23 Skidoo (2016) Feel What U Feel – Lisa Loeb (2017) All the Sounds – Lucy Kalantari & The Jazz Cats (2018) Ageless Songs for the Child Archetype – Jon Samson (2019) All the Ladies – Joanie Leeds (2020) A Colorful World − Falu (2021) The Movement – Alphabet Rockers (2022) We Grow Together Preschool Songs – 123 Andrés (2023)

g t d Grammy Yaşam Boyu Başarı Ödülü
1963–1990	1963 Bing Crosby 1965 Frank Sinatra 1966 Duke Ellington 1967 Ella Fitzgerald 1968 Irving Berlin 1971 Elvis Presley 1972 Louis Armstrong Mahalia Jackson 1984 Chuck Berry Charlie Parker 1985 Leonard Bernstein 1986 Benny Goodman The Rolling Stones Andrés Segovia 1987 Roy Acuff Benny Carter Enrico Caruso Ray Charles Fats Domino Woody Herman Billie Holiday B.B. King Isaac Stern Igor Stravinsky Arturo Toscanini Hank Williams 1989 Fred Astaire Pablo Casals Dizzy Gillespie Jascha Heifetz Lena Horne Leontyne Price Bessie Smith Art Tatum Sarah Vaughan 1990 Nat King Cole Miles Davis Vladimir Horowitz Paul McCartney
1991–2000	1991 Marian Anderson Bob Dylan John Lennon Kitty Wells 1992 James Brown John Coltrane Jimi Hendrix Muddy Waters 1993 Chet Atkins Little Richard Thelonious Monk Bill Monroe Pete Seeger Fats Waller 1994 Bill Evans Aretha Franklin Arthur Rubinstein 1995 Patsy Cline Peggy Lee Henry Mancini Curtis Mayfield Barbra Streisand 1996 Dave Brubeck Marvin Gaye Georg Solti Stevie Wonder 1997 Bobby "Blue" Bland The Everly Brothers Judy Garland Stéphane Grappelli Buddy Holly Charles Mingus Oscar Peterson Frank Zappa 1998 Bo Diddley The Mills Brothers Roy Orbison Paul Robeson 1999 Johnny Cash Sam Cooke Otis Redding Smokey Robinson Mel Tormé 2000 Harry Belafonte Woody Guthrie John Lee Hooker Mitch Miller Willie Nelson
2001–2010	2001 The Beach Boys Tony Bennett Sammy Davis Jr. Bob Marley The Who 2002 Count Basie Rosemary Clooney Perry Como Al Green Joni Mitchell 2003 Etta James Johnny Mathis Glenn Miller Tito Puente Simon & Garfunkel 2004 Van Cliburn The Funk Brothers Ella Jenkins Sonny Rollins Artie Shaw Doc Watson 2005 Eddy Arnold Art Blakey The Carter Family Morton Gould Janis Joplin Led Zeppelin Jerry Lee Lewis Jelly Roll Morton Pinetop Perkins The Staple Singers 2006 David Bowie Cream Merle Haggard Robert Johnson Jessye Norman Richard Pryor The Weavers 2007 Joan Baez Booker T. & the M.G.'s Maria Callas Ornette Coleman The Doors The Grateful Dead Bob Wills 2008 Burt Bacharach The Band Cab Calloway Doris Day Itzhak Perlman Max Roach Earl Scruggs 2009 Gene Autry The Blind Boys of Alabama The Four Tops Hank Jones Brenda Lee Dean Martin Tom Paxton 2010 Leonard Cohen Bobby Darin David "Honeyboy" Edwards Michael Jackson Loretta Lynn André Previn Clark Terry
2011–2020	2011 Julie Andrews Roy Haynes Juilliard String Quartet The Kingston Trio Dolly Parton Ramones George Beverly Shea 2012 The Allman Brothers Band Glen Campbell Antônio Carlos Jobim George Jones The Memphis Horns Diana Ross Gil Scott-Heron 2013 Glenn Gould Charlie Haden Lightnin' Hopkins Carole King Patti Page Ravi Shankar The Temptations 2014 The Beatles Clifton Chenier The Isley Brothers Kraftwerk Kris Kristofferson Armando Manzanero Maud Powell 2015 Bee Gees Pierre Boulez Buddy Guy George Harrison Flaco Jiménez The Louvin Brothers Wayne Shorter 2016 Ruth Brown Celia Cruz Earth, Wind & Fire Herbie Hancock Jefferson Airplane Linda Ronstadt Run-DMC 2017 Shirley Caesar Ahmad Jamal Charley Pride Jimmie Rodgers Nina Simone Sly Stone The Velvet Underground 2018 Hal Blaine Neil Diamond Emmylou Harris Louis Jordan The Meters Queen Tina Turner 2019 Black Sabbath George Clinton ve Parliament-Funkadelic Billy Eckstine Donny Hathaway Julio Iglesias Sam & Dave Dionne Warwick 2020 Chicago Roberta Flack Isaac Hayes Iggy Pop John Prine Public Enemy Sister Rosetta Tharpe
2021–günümüz	2021 Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five Lionel Hampton Marilyn Horne Salt-N-Pepa Selena Talking Heads 2022 Bonnie Raitt 2023 Bobby McFerrin Nirvana Ma Rainey Slick Rick Nile Rodgers The Supremes Ann Wilson ve Nancy Wilson 2024 Laurie Anderson The Clark Sisters Gladys Knight N.W.A Donna Summer Tammy Wynette

g t d Yaşam Boyu Başarı Tony Onur Ödülü
1947–1975	Dora Chamberlain / Ira and Rita Katzenberg / Jules Leventhal / Burns Mantle / P. A. MacDonald / Vincent Sardi Sr. (1947) Vera Allen / Paul Beisman / Joe E. Brown / Cast of The Importance of Being Earnest / Robert W. Dowling / Experimental Theatre Inc. / Rosalind Gilder / June Lockhart / Mary Martin / George Pierce / James Whitmore (1948) Ödül verilmedi (1949) Maurice Evans / Philip Faversham / Brock Pemberton (1950) Ruth Green (1951) Charles Boyer / Judy Garland / Edward Kook (1952) Danny Kaye / Beatrice Lillie (1953) Ödül verilmedi (1954) Proscenium Productions (1955) Fourth Street Chekov Theatre / City Center / The New York Public Library Theatre Collection / The Shakespearewrights / The Threepenny Opera (1956) American Shakespeare Festival / Jean-Louis Barrault / Robert Russell Bennett / William Hammerstein / Joseph Harbuck / Paul Shyre (1957) Mrs. Martin Beck / New York Shakespeare Festival (1958) Russel Crouse and Howard Lindsay / John Gielgud / Cast of La Plume de Ma Tante (1959) Burgess Meredith and James Thurber / John D. Rockefeller III (1960) David Merrick / The Theatre Guild (1961) Brooks Atkinson / Richard Rodgers / Franco Zeffirelli (1962) Alan Bennett, Peter Cook, Jonathan Miller and Dudley Moore / Irving Berlin / W. McNeil Lowry (1963) Eva Le Gallienne (1964) Gilbert Miller / Oliver Smith (1965) Helen Menken (1966) Ödül verilmedi (1967) APA-Phoenix Theatre / Pearl Bailey / Carol Channing / Maurice Chevalier / Marlene Dietrich / Audrey Hepburn / David Merrick (1968) Leonard Bernstein / Carol Burnett / Rex Harrison / The National Theatre Company of Great Britain / The Negro Ensemble Company (1969) Noël Coward / Lynn Fontanne and Alfred Lunt / New York Shakespeare Festival / Barbra Streisand (1970) Ingram Ash / Elliot Norton / Playbill / Roger L. Stevens (1971) Fiddler on the Roof / Ethel Merman / Richard Rodgers / The Theatre Guild-American Theatre Society (1972) The Actors Fund of America / John Lindsay / Shubert Organization (1973) Actors' Equity Association / A Moon for the Misbegotten / Candide / Peter Cook and Dudley Moore / Harold Friedlander / Bette Midler / Liza Minnelli / Theatre Development Fund / John F. Wharton (1974) Al Hirschfeld (1975)
1976–2000	George Abbott / Richard Burton / Circle in the Square Theatre / Thomas H. Fitzgerald / Mathilde Pincus (1976) Cheryl Crawford / Equity Liberty Theatre / Barry Manilow / National Theatre of the Deaf / Diana Ross / Lily Tomlin (1977) Irving Berlin / Stan Dragoti ve Charles Moss (1978) Walter F. Diehl / Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theater Center / Henry Fonda / Richard Rodgers (1979) Richard Fitzgerald / Helen Hayes / Mary Tyler Moore / Hobe Morrison (1980) Lena Horne (1981) Radio City Music Hall / The Actors Fund of America / Warner Communications (1982) Ödül verilmedi (1983) A Chorus Line / Peter Feller / La Tragedie de Carmen (1984) Yul Brynner / New York State Council on the Arts (1985) Ödül verilmedi (1986) George Abbott / Jackie Mason (1987) Brooklyn Academy of Music (1988) Ödül verilmedi (1989) Ödül verilmedi (1990–1992) Oklahoma! (1993) Hume Cronyn and Jessica Tandy (1994) Carol Channing / National Endowment for the Arts / Harvey Sabinson (1995) Ödül verilmedi (1996) Bernard B. Jacobs (1997) Edward E. Colton / Ben Edwards (1998) Uta Hagen / Arthur Miller / Isabelle Stevenson (1999) Dame Edna: The Royal Tour / T. Edward Hambleton (2000)
2001–günümüz	Paul Gemignani (2001) Julie Harris / Robert Whitehead (2002) Cy Feuer / Russell Simmons' Def Poetry Jam on Broadway (2003) James M. Nederlander (2004) Edward Albee (2005) Sarah Jones / Harold Prince (2006) Ödül verilmedi (2007) Robert Russell Bennett / Stephen Sondheim (2008) Jerry Herman (2009) Alan Ayckbourn / Marian Seldes (2010) Athol Fugard / Philip J. Smith (2011) Actors' Equity Association / Hugh Jackman (2012) Bernard Gersten / Ming Cho Lee / Paul Libin (2013) Jane Greenwood (2014) John Cameron Mitchell / Tommy Tune (2015) Sheldon Harnick / Marshall W. Mason / National Endowment for the Arts / Miles Wilkin (2016) James Earl Jones (2017) John Leguizamo / Andrew Lloyd Webber / Chita Rivera / Bruce Springsteen (2018) Rosemary Harris / Marin Mazzie / Terrence McNally / Sonny Tilders and Creature Technology Company / Jason Michael Webb / Harold Wheeler (2019) Ödül verilmedi (2020) The Broadway Advocacy Coalition / David Byrne's American Utopia / Freestyle Love Supreme / Graciela Daniele (2021) Angela Lansbury / James C. Nicola (2022) Joel Grey / John Kander (2023) Alex Edelman / Abe Jacob / Nikiya Mathis / Jack O'Brien / George C. Wolfe (2024)