WO2020196323A1 - プログラム、情報処理方法及び情報処理装置 - Google Patents
プログラム、情報処理方法及び情報処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a program, an information processing method, and an information processing device.
- an exacerbation index of a COPD patient is detected by measuring the expression level of the IL-27 protein or a gene encoding the IL-27 protein in a biological sample derived from the COPD patient (for example, blood, serum, etc.). The method of doing so is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 collects a biological sample to be measured from a COPD patient undergoing an exacerbation test, which may impose a burden on the body of the COPD patient.
- One aspect is to provide a program or the like that can detect abnormalities in respiratory diseases without imposing a burden on the patient's body.
- a program is the activity from an electrocardiogram sensor that acquires the motion information from a detection sensor that detects motion information related to the motion of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, and action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle. It is characterized in that it acquires potential information, detects an abnormality in a respiratory system disease based on the acquired operation information and action potential information, and when the abnormality is detected, causes a computer to execute a process of outputting the abnormality information. To do.
- the first embodiment relates to a mode for detecting an abnormality of a respiratory system disease based on motion information regarding the movement of a respiratory muscle or a respiratory assist muscle and activity potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle.
- the detection sensor is used to acquire motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle
- the electromyogram sensor is used to acquire the action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle.
- the motion information includes information on the motion of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, the motion of the thorax associated with the motion of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, or the motion associated with the contraction and expansion of the lung or the diaphragm.
- Abnormalities of respiratory diseases are detected based on the acquired motion information and action potential information.
- the detected abnormality can be output to a patient or a doctor.
- COPD which is one of the respiratory diseases
- other types of respiratory diseases for example, asthma, pneumonia, interstitial
- COPD causes chronic inflammation of the airways due to toxic substances and gases (especially smoking) in the air, resulting in airway restriction (sufficient breathing) due to airway narrowing, alveolar wall destruction, and increased sputum. Therefore, it is a disease that causes insufficient ventilation).
- the pathological condition may rapidly worsen due to infection or the like, and these are called exacerbations.
- exacerbation occurs, a significant decrease in respiratory status is observed, and even after recovery, the respiratory status before exacerbation does not return. Each time the exacerbation is repeated, the general condition and prognosis deteriorate.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a system for detecting information on exacerbations in COPD.
- the system of this embodiment includes an information processing device 1, an information processing terminal 2, a detection sensor 3, and an electromyogram sensor 4, and each device transmits and receives information via a network N such as the Internet.
- the information processing device 1 is an information processing device that processes, stores, and transmits / receives various information such as motion information related to the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle and action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle.
- the information processing device 1 is, for example, a server device, a personal computer, or the like. In the present embodiment, the information processing device 1 is assumed to be a server device, and will be read as a server 1 below for the sake of brevity.
- the information processing terminal 2 is a terminal device that receives and displays the detected abnormality information of the respiratory system disease.
- the information processing terminal 2 is, for example, a wearable device such as a smartphone, a mobile phone, or a wristwatch-type mobile terminal, or an information processing device such as a tablet or a personal computer terminal. In the following, for the sake of brevity, the information processing terminal 2 is read as the terminal 2.
- the detection sensor 3 is a sensor that detects the motion information of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle.
- the respiratory muscle is a muscle used to expand and contract the thorax when breathing, and includes the diaphragm, the internal intercostal muscle, the external intercostal muscle, and the like.
- Pectoralis minor muscles anterior oblique muscles, abdominal internal oblique muscles, posterior oblique muscles, serratus anterior muscles, serratus posterior muscles, serratus posterior muscles, broad back muscles, erection muscles, mitral muscles
- It is a muscle group including the lumbar square muscle, pectoralis major muscle, pectoralis minor muscle, abdominal straight muscle, internal oblique muscle, external oblique muscle, transverse abdominal muscle, etc., and is used as an auxiliary when breathing.
- a belt-shaped or tape-shaped detection sensor 3 is attached to the chest of the patient to detect the movement of the patient's respiratory muscles and respiratory assist muscles, or the movement of the thorax based on the movements of the respiratory muscles and respiratory assist muscles.
- the detection sensor 3 for example, a piezoelectric element sensor, an expansion / contraction sensor, a belt-shaped or tape-shaped tape sensor, an echo sensor, a biopotential sensor for measuring bioimpedance, or the like is used.
- the detection sensor 3 is not limited to the above-mentioned sensor, and is, for example, an electrostatic capacity capable of detecting the movement of the respiratory muscle and the respiratory assist muscle, or the movement of the thorax based on the movement of the respiratory muscle and the respiratory assist muscle or the breathing itself without touching the human body. It may be a non-contact sensor of the type.
- the piezoelectric element sensor is a sensor that converts the force applied to the piezoelectric body into a voltage, and may be, for example, a sensor for a breathing monitor that detects a breathing waveform using the piezoelectric element.
- the above-mentioned sensor for respiratory monitor (piezoelectric element sensor) is placed on the thorax, which is the measurement site, and converts the change in pressure applied to the thorax by the respiratory movement of the measurement site into voltage to convert the patient's respiratory muscles and respiratory assist muscles. Detects the movement of and outputs it as waveform data.
- the measurement site described above is not limited to the thorax, and may be, for example, the abdomen, neck, or back.
- the echo sensor is, for example, a sensor that uses ultrasonic waves to measure the flow rate of a liquid, identify the liquid, measure the distance to an object, and the like.
- the echo sensor is used to detect the movement of the ribs, diaphragm, lungs, etc. For example, the movement distance of the ribs or the movement distance of the diaphragm in respiration, the relaxation / contraction information or the movement distance of the lungs, the expansion / contraction information, etc. are detected.
- the biopotential sensor indirectly detects the movement of the thoracic and lungs from the bioimpedance that changes due to changes in lung volume associated with breathing.
- the expansion / contraction sensor is a displacement sensor that expands and contracts like rubber, and monitors the movement of the subject in real time.
- the expansion / contraction sensor is, for example, a thin sheet in which carbon nanotubes having a special structure and an elastomer material are layered.
- the expansion / contraction sensor has elasticity like rubber as well as conductivity, and the capacitance changes according to the amount of expansion / contraction. Since it is possible to measure from small strains to large strains, for example, by attaching a belt-shaped stretch sensor wrapped around the chest or attaching a seal-shaped stretch sensor, joint changes, muscle movements, etc. Alternatively, it accurately measures even small movements that were previously difficult to measure, such as chest movements during breathing and vector changes in chest movements.
- the measurement site described above is not limited to the chest, but may be, for example, the abdomen or the back.
- the electromyogram sensor 4 is a sensor that records the action potential of muscles in a waveform. Depending on the characteristics of the recorded waveform, including the frequency, it is possible to obtain information on the diagnosis of the presence / absence, type, nature, site, etc. of nerve or muscle disorder. Information on exacerbations in COPD can be detected by evaluating the respiratory muscles and respiratory assist muscles involved in COPD using the electromyogram sensor 4.
- the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4 are shown separately, but both may be integrally configured. Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the terminal 2, the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4 are separated is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the device configuration may be such that the terminal 2, the detection sensor 3, and the electromyogram sensor 4 are all integrated.
- the terminal 2 uses the detection sensor 3 to acquire motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, and the electrocardiogram sensor 4 to acquire activity potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle.
- the motion information acquired by the detection sensor 3 includes, for example, changes in the movement of the thorax and the movement of the thorax due to expansion and contraction of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, the range of movement of the chest, the speed of movement of the chest, and stimulation of the respiratory muscles. Time etc.
- an example of acquiring operation information by using one type of piezoelectric element sensor (for example, a belt in which the piezoelectric element is incorporated) of the detection sensor 3 will be described, but a telescopic sensor or a tape sensor will be described.
- detection sensors 3 such as biopotential sensors.
- the piezoelectric element sensor When the piezoelectric element sensor is attached to the patient's chest, the piezoelectric element sensor generates a voltage according to the movement of the patient's respiratory muscles or respiratory assist muscles, and the piezoelectric element outputs a voltage (operating electrical signal).
- the expansion / contraction sensor When the expansion / contraction sensor is used, the change in the expansion / contraction speed or acceleration may be measured.
- the activity potential information acquired by the electrocardiogram sensor 4 is an activity current signal generated by contraction of a respiratory muscle or a respiratory assist muscle during respiration, and is a duration of the activity potential and a frequency obtained by frequency-converting the activity potential waveform. Also includes waveforms.
- the terminal 2 compares the acquired operation information and action potential information with each predetermined threshold value, and when the condition for detecting the exacerbation in COPD is satisfied, the terminal 2 detects the information on the exacerbation.
- the information regarding the exacerbation in COPD may be, for example, information indicating the presence or absence of exacerbation of COPD, exacerbation level information classified according to the probability value of exacerbation (for example, a value in the range of "0" to "1"), or the like. ..
- the probability value of exacerbation can be determined based on information such as the degree, frequency, and duration of the disease. For example, it may be classified into four exacerbation levels (exacerbation level 1 to exacerbation level 4) according to the exacerbation probability value. Specifically, for example, when the probability value of exacerbation is less than 0.05, exacerbation level 1 (normal) is determined without exacerbation.
- the probability value of exacerbation is 0.05 or more and less than 0.5, it is determined that the exacerbation level 2 has a low risk of developing exacerbation.
- the probability value of exacerbation is 0.5 or more and less than 0.8, it is determined that the exacerbation level 3 has a high risk of developing exacerbation.
- the probability value of exacerbation is 0.8 or more, it is determined that the exacerbation level 4 has been exacerbated.
- the server 1 may detect information on exacerbations based on operation information and activity potential information. In this case, the server 1 transmits the detected exacerbation information to the terminal 2.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the server 1.
- the server 1 includes a control unit 11, a storage unit 12, a communication unit 13, an input unit 14, a display unit 15, a reading unit 16, and a large-capacity storage unit 17. Each configuration is connected by bus B.
- the control unit 11 includes arithmetic processing units such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro-Processing Unit), and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and reads and executes the control program 1P stored in the storage unit 12. , Performs various information processing, control processing, etc. related to the server 1.
- arithmetic processing units such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro-Processing Unit), and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and reads and executes the control program 1P stored in the storage unit 12. , Performs various information processing, control processing, etc. related to the server 1.
- the control unit 11 is described as a single processor in FIG. 2, it may be a multiprocessor.
- the storage unit 12 includes memory elements such as RAM (RandomAccessMemory) and ROM (ReadOnlyMemory), and stores the control program 1P required for the control unit 11 to execute the process. In addition, the storage unit 12 temporarily stores data and the like necessary for the control unit 11 to execute arithmetic processing.
- the communication unit 13 is a communication module for performing processing related to communication, and transmits / receives information to / from the terminal 2 or the like via the network N.
- the input unit 14 is an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, and a button, and outputs the received operation information to the control unit 11.
- the display unit 15 is a liquid crystal display, an organic EL (electroluminescence) display, or the like, and displays various information according to the instructions of the control unit 11.
- the reading unit 16 reads a portable storage medium 1a including a CD (Compact Disc) -ROM or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) -ROM.
- the control unit 11 may read the control program 1P from the portable storage medium 1a via the reading unit 16 and store it in the large-capacity storage unit 17. Further, the control unit 11 may download the control program 1P from another computer via the network N or the like and store it in the large-capacity storage unit 17. Furthermore, the control unit 11 may read the control program 1P from the semiconductor memory 1b.
- the large-capacity storage unit 17 is a large-capacity storage device including, for example, a hard disk.
- the large-capacity storage unit 17 includes a patient DB 171 and a master DB 172.
- the patient DB 171 stores information about the patient.
- the master DB 172 stores various thresholds for detecting information regarding exacerbations in COPD.
- the storage unit 12 and the large-capacity storage unit 17 may be configured as an integrated storage device. Further, the large-capacity storage unit 17 may be composed of a plurality of storage devices. Furthermore, the large-capacity storage unit 17 may be an external storage device connected to the server 1.
- server 1 is described as one information processing device in the present embodiment, it may be distributed and processed by a plurality of servers, or may be configured by a virtual machine.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the record layout of the patient DB 171.
- the patient DB 171 includes a patient ID column, a gender column, a name column, an abnormality presence / absence column, an abnormality detail column, a detection date / time column, a sensor column used, and a data column.
- the patient ID column stores a uniquely identified patient ID to identify each patient.
- the gender column remembers the patient's gender.
- the name column remembers the patient's name.
- the abnormality presence / absence column stores information indicating whether or not an abnormality has been detected for the patient.
- the anomaly detail column stores detailed information on the detected anomaly.
- the detection date / time column stores the date / time information when an abnormality is detected.
- the sensor sequence used stores the sensor information used when an abnormality is detected.
- the data string stores sensor data detected by the sensor used.
- the sensor data is, for example, time-series data.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the record layout of the master DB 172.
- the master DB 172 includes a master ID column, a master name column, a sensor column, and a threshold value column.
- the master ID column stores the ID of the master data uniquely specified in order to identify each master data.
- the master name column stores the name of the master data.
- the sensor sequence stores the name of the sensor to which the threshold is applied.
- the threshold sequence stores reference values for comparison for detecting information on exacerbations.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the terminal 2.
- the terminal 2 includes a control unit 21, a storage unit 22, a communication unit 23, an input unit 24, a display unit 25, and a Bluetooth (registered trademark) communication unit 26. Each configuration is connected by bus B.
- the control unit 21 includes arithmetic processing units such as a CPU and an MPU, and performs various information processing, control processing, and the like related to the terminal 2 by reading and executing the control program 2P stored in the storage unit 22. Although the control unit 21 is described as a single processor in FIG. 5, it may be a multiprocessor.
- the storage unit 22 includes memory elements such as RAM and ROM, and stores the control program 2P required for the control unit 21 to execute the process. In addition, the storage unit 22 temporarily stores data and the like necessary for the control unit 21 to execute arithmetic processing.
- the communication unit 23 is a communication module for performing processing related to communication, and transmits / receives information to / from the server 1 or the like via the network N.
- the input unit 24 may be a keyboard, a mouse, or a touch panel integrated with the display unit 25.
- the display unit 25 is a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or the like, and displays various information according to the instructions of the control unit 21.
- the Bluetooth communication unit 26 is a communication module for performing processing related to communication using Bluetooth, and transmits / receives information to / from the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4.
- Bluetooth is illustrated as a short-range wireless communication means in FIG. 5, it is not limited to this, and communication standards such as Zigbee and Wi-Fi may be used. Further, wired communication may be adopted.
- the example of the Bluetooth communication unit 26 has been described with reference to FIG. 5, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, communication may be performed using a public network such as 5G or 4G.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the detection sensor 3.
- the detection sensor 3 will be described with an example of using the above-mentioned piezoelectric element sensor (for example, a belt or tape in which the piezoelectric element is incorporated).
- the detection sensor 3 includes a control unit 31, a storage unit 32, a piezoelectric element 33, a Bluetooth communication unit 34, and a speaker 35. Each configuration is connected by bus B.
- the control unit 31 includes an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU and an MPU, and by reading and executing the control program 3P stored in the storage unit 32, the force applied to the piezoelectric body read by the piezoelectric element 33 is applied to the voltage. Performs control processing and the like to convert to.
- the storage unit 32 includes memory elements such as RAM and ROM, and stores the control program 3P required for the control unit 31 to execute the process. In addition, the storage unit 32 temporarily stores data and the like necessary for the control unit 31 to execute arithmetic processing.
- the piezoelectric element 33 is a passive element that utilizes the piezoelectric effect, and converts the force applied to the piezoelectric body into a voltage.
- the Bluetooth communication unit 34 is a communication module for performing communication-related processing using the Bluetooth, and transmits / receives voltage information (for example, time-series data) to / from the terminal 2 or the like.
- Bluetooth is illustrated as a short-range wireless communication means in FIG. 6, it is not limited to this, and communication standards such as Zigbee and Wi-Fi may be used. Further, wired communication may be adopted.
- the speaker 35 is a device that converts an electric signal into sound.
- the speaker 35 may be a headset connected to the detection sensor 3 by a short-range wireless communication method such as Bluetooth.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the electromyogram sensor 4.
- the EMG sensor 4 includes a control unit 41, a storage unit 42, an EMG measurement unit 43, a Bluetooth communication unit 44, and a speaker 45. Each configuration is connected by bus B.
- the control unit 41 includes an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU and an MPU, and by reading and executing the control program 4P stored in the storage unit 42, the action potential information (myoelectric potential) read by the myoelectric measurement unit 43.
- Control processing, etc. for The storage unit 42 includes memory elements such as RAM and ROM, and stores a control program 4P required for the control unit 41 to execute processing. In addition, the storage unit 42 temporarily stores data and the like necessary for the control unit 41 to execute arithmetic processing.
- the myoelectric measurement unit 43 measures the activity potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle.
- the Bluetooth communication unit 44 is a communication module for performing communication-related processing using the Bluetooth, and transmits / receives active potential information (for example, time-series data) to / from the terminal 2 or the like.
- Bluetooth is illustrated as a short-range wireless communication means, but the present invention is not limited to this, and communication standards such as Zigbee and Wi-Fi may be used. Further, wired communication may be adopted.
- the speaker 45 is a device that converts an electric signal into sound.
- the speaker 45 may be a headset connected to the myocardial diagram sensor 4 by a short-range wireless communication method such as Bluetooth.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are explanatory views for explaining the operation information detected by the detection sensor 3.
- FIG. 8A is an explanatory diagram illustrating respiratory physiology during normal respiration for healthy subjects and COPD patients.
- a person takes in oxygen into the body by breathing exercise and excretes carbon dioxide from the body.
- the lungs are wrapped in the thoracic membrane and are located in the thorax.
- the lung itself has no force to expand and contract, and passively expands and contracts due to the mobility of the ribs that form the thorax and the expansion and contraction movement of the diaphragm and the like.
- the diaphragm is the largest inspiratory muscle of the body, located around the 5th and 6th ribs, has a dome-like shape, and is the muscle used when inhaling.
- the inspiratory muscles including the diaphragm and the inspiratory auxiliary muscles contract in coordination with each other, which expands the thorax and creates negative pressure in the thoracic cavity, causing the lungs to expand and the outside air to be pulmonary.
- the inspiratory muscle / auxiliary inspiratory muscle includes the diaphragm, external intercostal muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, anterior scalene muscle, middle scalene muscle, posterior scalene muscle and the like.
- the expiratory muscle / auxiliary expiratory muscle includes the internal intercostal muscle, the rectus abdominis muscle, the internal oblique muscle, the external oblique muscle, the transverse abdominal muscle, and the like.
- FIG. 8B is an image diagram showing motion information of respiratory muscles or respiratory assist muscles for healthy subjects and COPD patients.
- FIG. 8B shows waveform data of operation electrical signals (operation information) of respiratory muscles or respiratory assist muscles.
- the horizontal axis indicates time, and the unit is seconds (sec).
- the vertical axis represents voltage, and the unit is volt (V).
- FIG. 8B The upper part of FIG. 8B is a graph showing the temporal change of the voltage output from the detection sensor 3 attached to a healthy person. In the case of a healthy person, it can be understood that the voltage periodically repeats the maximum and the minimum with little change with time.
- the lower part of FIG. 8B is a graph showing the temporal change of the voltage output from the detection sensor 3 attached to the COPD patient.
- the maximum and minimum with little change over time are periodically repeated.
- the maximal and minimal temporal changes continue to increase, reflecting the progressive increase in residual volume (dynamic hyperinflation) associated with exacerbation of ventilatory impairment during exhalation. Become.
- the control unit 21 when the maximum change in the voltage output from the detection sensor 3 per unit time exceeds a predetermined threshold value (for example, inclination 0.2), it is determined that the first condition is satisfied. Specifically, the control unit 21 performs the following processing. The control unit 21 acquires a voltage from the detection sensor 3 in time series. The control unit 21 obtains the maximum voltage in time series. The control unit 21 extracts the maximum voltage of a predetermined unit time (for example, 60 seconds) and calculates the inclination of the approximate straight line formed by the extracted maximum. When the control unit 21 determines that the inclination exceeds a predetermined threshold value (for example, inclination 0.2), it determines that the first condition is satisfied.
- a predetermined threshold value for example, inclination 0.2
- control unit 21 may further determine that the first condition is satisfied when, for example, the maximum average value per unit time exceeds the threshold value shown by the dotted line in FIG. 8B and the obtained inclination exceeds the threshold value. good. Further, for example, the control unit 21 extracts the maximum and minimum of the voltage for a predetermined unit time (for example, 60 seconds), calculates the maximum inclination of the approximate straight line formed by the extracted maximum, and approximates the extracted minimum. Calculate the minimum slope of the straight line.
- a predetermined unit time for example, 60 seconds
- the maximum inclination exceeds the predetermined maximum inclination threshold
- the minimum inclination exceeds the predetermined minimum inclination threshold
- the minimum inclination exceeds the maximum inclination
- the duration is a predetermined time.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the activity potential information of the respiratory muscles of a healthy person detected by the electromyogram sensor 4.
- the horizontal axis represents time, and the unit is milliseconds (msec).
- the vertical axis represents the potential (active potential), and the unit is microvolt ( ⁇ V).
- the upper part of the graph in FIG. 9 shows the temporal change of the potential of the inspiratory muscle of a healthy person. With respect to the inspiratory muscle, a potential waveform having an amplitude of about 100 ⁇ V is confirmed at regular intervals.
- the lower part of the graph in FIG. 9 shows the temporal change of the potential of the expiratory muscle of a healthy person.
- the expiratory muscles of healthy subjects are not very active, and therefore the corresponding potential waveform is also minute and can hardly be confirmed.
- 10A and 10B are explanatory views for explaining the action potential information of the respiratory muscles of the COPD patient detected by the electromyogram sensor 4. Since the horizontal axis and the vertical axis are the same as those in FIG. 9, the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram illustrating action potential information of the respiratory muscles of a COPD patient during normal times.
- the activity of the inspiratory muscles during normal times is stronger than the activity of the inspiratory muscles of healthy subjects (normal time) in FIG. 9, so that the amplitude of the action potential of the inspiratory muscles of COPD patients is the inspiratory muscles of healthy subjects. It becomes larger than the amplitude of the action potential of.
- the amplitude of the active potential of the expiratory muscle becomes larger than that in FIG.
- FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram for explaining the activity potential information of the respiratory muscles of the COPD patient at the time of exacerbation.
- COPD patients try to get outside air into the lungs by further contracting the inspiratory muscles and widening the thorax.
- the inspiratory muscle contracts more strongly than in the normal state, and the amplitude of the action potential of the inspiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation becomes larger than the amplitude of the action potential of the inspiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation.
- the duration of the action potential of the inspiratory muscle is shorter than the duration of the action potential of the inspiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation.
- these signals are analyzed by Fourier transform, the frequency distribution when exacerbation occurs is different from that in normal times.
- the dotted line in FIG. 10 indicates a predetermined threshold of active potential of the expiratory muscle during normal and exacerbation. Exacerbation can be detected by comparing the peak value of the activity potential of the expiratory muscle of a COPD patient with the threshold value of the active potential of the expiratory muscle during normal and exacerbation.
- thresholds for active potentials during normal and exacerbation may be set, and exacerbation levels may be defined according to the set thresholds.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 compares the peak value of the action potential of the expiratory muscle detected by the electromyogram sensor 4 with the threshold value of the action potential at the time of normal and exacerbation.
- the control unit 21 determines that the peak value of the action potential of the expiratory muscle is less than the threshold value A of the action potential of the expiratory muscle at the normal time, it determines that the exacerbation level 2 has a low risk of developing exacerbation.
- the action potential of the expiratory muscle is equal to or higher than the threshold value A of the action potential of the expiratory muscle at the normal time, and the action potential of the expiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation is increased by 30% of the threshold value B (for example, the threshold value A). If it is determined that the value is less than (value), it is determined that the exacerbation level 3 has a high risk of developing exacerbation.
- control unit 21 determines that the peak value of the active potential of the expiratory muscle is equal to or higher than the threshold value B of the active potential of the expiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation, it determines that the exacerbation level 4 has occurred. For example, when the exacerbation level 4 is determined, the control unit 21 may display information on the exacerbation on the display unit 25.
- the peak values of all action potentials are not limited to being equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value.
- the terminal 2 may determine the exacerbation level by comparing the number of times the peak value of the activity potential per unit time is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value with the predetermined number of times.
- the exacerbation level may be determined by the duration of the action potential of the expiratory muscle. For example, for a COPD patient, a threshold value for the duration of each action potential during normal time and exacerbation may be set, and whether or not exacerbation has occurred may be determined according to the set duration threshold value.
- control unit 21 determines that the duration of the action potential of the expiratory muscle is less than the threshold value of the duration of the action potential in the normal state, it determines that the exacerbation level 2 has a low risk of developing exacerbation. ..
- the control unit 21 determines that the duration of the active potential of the expiratory muscle is equal to or greater than the threshold of the duration of the active potential during normal operation and less than the threshold of the duration of the active potential during exacerbation, the exacerbation It is judged to be exacerbation level 3 with a high risk of developing.
- control unit 21 determines that the duration of the active potential of the expiratory muscle is equal to or greater than the threshold value of the duration of the active potential of the expiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation, it determines that the exacerbation level 4 has occurred.
- the exacerbation level may be determined based on both the threshold value of the action potential of the expiratory muscle and the threshold value of the duration. For example, in the control unit 21, the peak value of the action potential of the expiratory muscle is equal to or higher than the threshold value of the action potential at the time of exacerbation, and the duration of the action potential of the expiratory muscle is the duration of the action potential of the expiratory muscle at the time of exacerbation. If it is determined that the value is equal to or higher than the threshold value, it may be determined that the exacerbation level 4 has been exacerbated.
- the exacerbation level may be determined by the frequency distribution of the activity potential of the expiratory muscle.
- a COPD patient may be provided with a threshold value for the average frequency or the central frequency for each of the normal time and the exacerbation, and it may be determined whether or not the exacerbation has occurred according to the provided average frequency or the central frequency threshold. ..
- the exacerbation level may be determined using only the action potential information of both the inspiratory muscle and the expiratory muscle, or the action potential information of the inspiratory muscle.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the detection process of information regarding exacerbation in COPD.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 transmits the motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the detection sensor 3 and the action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the electromyogram sensor 4 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26. get.
- the operation information and the activity potential information are time-series data measured at predetermined unit times (for example, minute increments, second increments, etc.). Further, the operation information and the activity potential information may be time-series waveform images. Furthermore, the operation information and the activity potential information may be frequency characteristic graphs.
- frequency analysis is performed from time-series data of motion information and activity potential information, and fluctuating waves corresponding to the movement of the thorax and the activity potentials of the respiratory muscles and respiratory assist muscles are extracted.
- frequency analysis for example, discrete Fourier transformation (DFT: Discrete Fourier Transformation) performed on a discrete signal may be used.
- the control unit 21 may store the acquired operation information and action potential information and centrally manage them, for example, using a time-series data infrastructure.
- the control unit 21 acquires various threshold values for detecting information on exacerbations in COPD from the master DB 172 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 of the server 1 via the communication unit 23. It should be noted that various thresholds for detecting information on exacerbations in COPD may be acquired in advance from the server 1 or may be stored in advance in the storage unit 22 of the terminal 2. For example, a predetermined threshold value of the motion electrical signal of the respiratory muscle, a predetermined threshold value of the electric signal of the electromyogram related to each exhaled muscle during normal time and exacerbation, and a predetermined duration of the electric signal of each expiratory muscle during normal time and exacerbation. The threshold value and the like are acquired.
- the control unit 21 determines whether or not the first condition is satisfied based on the operation information detected by the detection sensor 3. When the control unit 21 determines that the first condition is satisfied, the control unit 21 further detects information on exacerbation based on the action potential information related to the expiratory muscle and the predetermined threshold value acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4. The control unit 21 displays information on the detected exacerbation on the display unit 25.
- the control unit 21 may transmit to the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4 to the effect that the exacerbation has been detected via the Bluetooth communication unit 26, respectively.
- the control unit 31 of the detection sensor 3 may receive the fact that the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 has been detected, and notify the COPD patient of an alarm, voice information, or the like by the speaker 35.
- the control unit 41 of the electromyogram sensor 4 may receive the fact that the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 has been detected, and notify the COPD patient of an alarm, voice information, or the like by the speaker 45.
- action potential information related to the expiratory muscle was explained in the above processing, it is not limited to this.
- information on exacerbations may be detected based on action potential information on the inspiratory muscles or action potential information on both the inspiratory and expiratory muscles.
- the control unit 21 transmits the detected exacerbation information to the server 1 by the communication unit 23.
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the information on the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 by the communication unit 13, and stores the received information on the exacerbation in the patient DB 171 of the large-capacity storage unit 17.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned processing for detecting information on exacerbations.
- the terminal 2 detects information on exacerbations based on the range of movement of the thorax, the speed of movement of the chest, the stimulation time of the respiratory muscles, the frequency change of the action potential of the respiratory muscles, etc. acquired by the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4. You may.
- the terminal 2 measures the power spectrum of the electromyographic signal of the respiratory muscle and performs Fourier transform.
- the power spectrum is obtained by converting the myocardial waveform as the distribution of frequency components on the horizontal axis and the square of the amplitude of each frequency component (signal power) on the vertical axis.
- the terminal 2 calculates a change value of the average frequency (MPF: Mean Power Frequency) or the center frequency (MF: Median Power Frequency) as an index showing the characteristics of the power distribution of the spectrum.
- the average frequency is the average value of each frequency.
- the center frequency is the frequency that divides the area of the power spectrum into two equal areas.
- the terminal 2 determines whether or not it has a tendency of slowing down based on the calculated change value of the average frequency or the center frequency. For example, when gradually shifting from the high frequency band (for example, 86.4 Hz) to the low frequency band (for example, 67.4 Hz), the terminal 2 calculates the change value of the average frequency or the center frequency.
- the terminal 2 When the terminal 2 determines that the calculated change value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the terminal 2 outputs information on exacerbation.
- the exacerbation level may be output according to each threshold provided with a plurality of thresholds. For example, when the change value is equal to or more than the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value, the exacerbation level 3 may be set, and when the change value is equal to or higher than the second threshold value, the exacerbation level 4 may be set.
- the electromyographic signal for frequency analysis all data including the expiratory muscle and the inspiratory muscle may be used, or data of either the expiratory muscle or the inspiratory muscle may be utilized.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when detecting information on exacerbations in COPD.
- the control unit 31 of the detection sensor 3 transmits operation information regarding the operation of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle to the terminal 2 via the Bluetooth communication unit 34 (step S301).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 receives the operation information transmitted from the detection sensor 3 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S201).
- the control unit 41 of the electromyogram sensor 4 transmits action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle to the terminal 2 via the Bluetooth communication unit 44 (step S401).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 receives the action potential information transmitted from the electromyogram sensor 4 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S202).
- the control unit 21 transmits to the server 1 a request for acquiring various threshold values for detecting information on exacerbations in COPD via the communication unit 23 (step S203).
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the threshold value acquisition request transmitted from the terminal 2 via the communication unit 13 (step S101).
- the control unit 11 acquires various thresholds for detecting information on exacerbations in COPD from the master DB 172 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 in response to the received threshold acquisition request (step S102).
- the control unit 11 transmits various acquired threshold values to the terminal 2 via the communication unit 13 (step S103).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 receives various thresholds transmitted from the server 1 via the communication unit 23 (step S204).
- the control unit 21 determines whether or not the first condition is satisfied based on the received threshold value and operation information (step S205). Specifically, for example, the control unit 21 acquires a voltage from the detection sensor 3 in time series, and obtains the maximum of the acquired voltage in time series.
- the control unit 21 extracts the maximum voltage within a predetermined unit time (for example, 60 seconds) and calculates the slope of the approximate straight line formed by the extracted maximum. When the control unit 21 determines that the inclination exceeds a predetermined threshold, it determines that the first condition is satisfied.
- the control unit 21 extracts both the maximum and the minimum of the voltage for a predetermined unit time, calculates the maximum inclination of the approximate straight line formed by the extracted maximum, and minimizes the approximate straight line formed by the extracted minimum. Calculate the slope of.
- the control unit 21 has determined that the maximum tilt exceeds a predetermined maximum tilt threshold, the minimum tilt exceeds a preset minimum tilt threshold, and the duration exceeds a predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds). In this case, it is determined that the first condition is satisfied.
- the minimum tilt threshold value may be a value larger than the maximum tilt threshold value.
- control unit 21 determines that the first condition is not satisfied (NO in step S205)
- the control unit 21 ends the process.
- the control unit 21 executes a subroutine of processing for detecting the exacerbation level (step S206).
- the subroutine of the exacerbation level detection process will be described later.
- the control unit 21 displays the detected exacerbation information (exacerbation level) on the display unit 25 (step S208).
- the control unit 21 transmits the detected exacerbation information to the server 1 by the communication unit 23 (step S209).
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the information regarding the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 by the communication unit 13 (step S104).
- the control unit 11 stores the received information regarding the exacerbation in the patient DB 171 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 (step S105).
- the control unit 11 uses the patient ID, gender, name, abnormality (exacerbation) presence / absence information, abnormality detailed information, detected date / time information, sensor information used when the abnormality is detected, and used.
- the sensor data detected by the sensor is stored in the patient DB 171 as one record.
- the present invention when the first condition is satisfied, an example in which the level of exacerbation is determined by further using the activity potential information has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, even when the first condition is not satisfied, the level of exacerbation may be determined using the activity potential information.
- exacerbation determination processing (step S205) based on action information and exacerbation determination processing (step S206) based on action potential information
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the exacerbation determination process (step S206) based on the action potential information may be performed first, and then the exacerbation determination process (step S205) may be performed based on the action potential information.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 detects the exacerbation level by executing a subroutine of the process of detecting the exacerbation level.
- the control unit 21 determines whether or not the first condition is satisfied based on the operation information. When it is determined that the first condition is satisfied, the control unit 21 outputs information on exacerbation.
- the information on the exacerbation is provided. It may be detected. Specifically, the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 determines whether or not the first condition is satisfied based on the operation information. The control unit 21 detects the exacerbation level by executing a subroutine of processing for detecting the exacerbation level. For example, the control unit 21 outputs information on exacerbations when it is determined that the first condition is satisfied and the exacerbation risk is high at exacerbation level 3 or higher.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a subroutine of processing for detecting an exacerbation level.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 acquires the potential signal acquired from the EMG sensor 4 (step S01).
- the control unit 21 detects a periodic change in the potential of the intake muscle that is equal to or higher than a predetermined potential and exceeds a predetermined duration.
- the control unit 21 monitors the change in the expiratory muscle potential during the change in the inspiratory muscle potential.
- the control unit 21 detects the expiratory muscle potential during changes in the inspiratory muscle potential.
- the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4 may be used in combination to discriminate between the potential of the inspiratory muscle and the potential of the expiratory muscle.
- the detection sensor 3 is a stretch sensor or a tape sensor
- the tape stretches at the time of intake, so that the control unit 21 performs myoelectricity at the timing from the start of the tape stretch to the maximum stretch (MAX: elastic limit stretch).
- MAX elastic limit stretch
- the tape begins to shrink, so that the control unit 21 uses the potential signal acquired from the electromyogram sensor 4 to transmit the potential of the expiratory muscle at the timing from the maximum elongation (MAX) to the minimum elongation (MIN) of the tape. Is determined.
- a learning model learned using training data including a feature amount of activity potential waveform data acquired from the myocardiogram sensor 4 and a label indicating the potential of the inspiratory muscle and a label indicating the potential of the expiratory muscle is used. It may be possible to distinguish between the potential of the inspiratory muscle and the potential of the expiratory muscle. Furthermore, the one with the smaller average value of the amplitude of the action potential acquired from the electromyogram sensor 4 may be determined as the potential of the expiratory muscle.
- the control unit 21 determines whether or not the peak potential of the expiratory muscle is less than the threshold A (normal activity potential of the expiratory muscle) (step S02). When the control unit 21 determines that the peak potential of the expiratory muscle is less than the threshold value A (YES in step S02), the control unit 21 determines the exacerbation level 2 having a low risk of developing exacerbation (step S03). When the control unit 21 determines that the peak potential of the expiratory muscle is equal to or higher than the threshold A (NO in step S02), the peak potential of the expiratory muscle is less than the threshold B (for example, a value increased by 30% of the threshold A). Whether or not it is determined (step S04).
- control unit 21 determines that the peak potential of the expiratory muscle is less than the threshold value B (YES in step S04).
- the control unit 21 determines the exacerbation level 3 having a high risk of developing exacerbation (step S05).
- the control unit 21 determines the exacerbation level 4 in which the exacerbation has occurred (step S06).
- the control unit 21 returns the determination result of the determined exacerbation level (step S07), terminates the subroutine, and returns.
- the exacerbation level may be detected based on the action potential information related to the inspiratory muscle or the action potential information related to both the inspiratory muscle and the expiratory muscle.
- the peak potential of the action potential is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the duration of the action potential, the frequency distribution of the action potential, and the like may be used. An example of using the duration will be described below.
- the control unit 21 detects the start timing and the end timing shown by the dotted line in FIG. 10B based on the change in the potential signal of the expiratory muscle. Specifically, the control unit 21 detects as a start timing the timing at which temporal changes exceeding a predetermined threshold value of the potential signal start to occur continuously. Further, the control unit 21 detects as the end timing the timing at which the temporal change of the potential signal that does not exceed a predetermined threshold value starts to occur continuously after detecting the start timing.
- the control unit 21 outputs information on exacerbation when the time from the start timing to the end timing exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
- a plurality of threshold values may be provided, and the exacerbation level may be set to 3 when the first threshold value or more and less than the second threshold value, and the exacerbation level 4 may be set when the second threshold value or more.
- this embodiment it is possible to detect an abnormality of a respiratory system disease based on the operation information acquired by the detection sensor 3 and the activity potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4. This makes it possible to reduce the burden on the patient's body without collecting biological samples (for example, blood, serum, etc.) from the COPD patient undergoing the exacerbation test.
- biological samples for example, blood, serum, etc.
- the second embodiment relates to a mode in which information on exacerbations in COPD is detected by using an exacerbation detection model constructed by deep learning.
- the description of the contents overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the server 1 of the second embodiment.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the large-capacity storage unit 17 includes an exacerbation detection model 173.
- the exacerbation detection model 173 is a detector that detects information about exacerbations in COPD, and is a trained model generated by machine learning.
- the trained model is used as a program module that is a part of artificial intelligence software. In the following, a process for detecting information on exacerbations will be described using the exacerbation detection model 173 constructed by deep learning.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram relating to the generation process of the exacerbation detection model 173.
- FIG. 15 conceptually illustrates a process of performing machine learning to generate an exacerbation detection model 173. The generation process of the exacerbation detection model 173 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the server 1 in the present embodiment has an image of an electric signal related to the operation information acquired from the detection sensor 3 and a waveform image of the exacerbation portion in the image of the activity potential information acquired from the myocardiogram sensor 4.
- a neural network is constructed (generated) that takes a waveform image as an input and outputs information indicating the presence or absence of information on exacerbation in COPD.
- deep learning may be performed on the image after frequency analysis.
- the neural network is, for example, a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), and extracts an input layer that accepts input of a waveform image, an output layer that outputs information (identification result) indicating the presence or absence of an abnormality, and an image feature amount of the waveform image. It has an intermediate layer.
- a CNN Convolutional Neural Network
- the input layer has a plurality of neurons that accept the input of the pixel value of each pixel included in the waveform image, and passes the input pixel value to the intermediate layer.
- the intermediate layer has a plurality of neurons for extracting image features of a waveform image, and passes the extracted image features to the output layer.
- the exacerbation detection model 173 is CNN
- the intermediate layer alternates between a convolution layer that convolves the pixel values of each pixel input from the input layer and a pooling layer that maps the pixel values convoluted by the convolution layer. It has a configuration connected to, and finally extracts the feature amount of the image while compressing the pixel information of the waveform image.
- the output layer has one or a plurality of neurons that output identification results that identify the exacerbation points in COPD, and identifies the presence or absence of information on exacerbations based on the image features output from the intermediate layer.
- the exacerbation detection model 173 is described as being a CNN, but the exacerbation detection model 173 is not limited to CNN, and is a neural network other than CNN, SVM (Support Vector Machine), Bayesian network, and regression tree. Etc., it may be a trained model constructed by another learning algorithm.
- the input 1 is a waveform image of the motion information of the respiratory muscles for a predetermined time (for example, 60 seconds) detected by the detection sensor 3, and the input 2 is a predetermined value detected by the electromyogram sensor 4. It is a waveform image of action potential information relating to a respiratory muscle for a time (for example, 60 seconds).
- the waveform image of the operation information (input 1) and the waveform image of the action potential information (input 2) are waveform images showing signals at the same timing.
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 detects and outputs information on the exacerbation from the waveform images of the input operation information and action potential information in accordance with the command from the learned exacerbation detection model 173 stored in the memory.
- the output information regarding the exacerbation may be, for example, information on the presence or absence of exacerbation, an exacerbation probability value, an exacerbation level classified according to the exacerbation probability value, or the like.
- the waveform image (input 2) of the activity potential information related to the respiratory muscle described above is a waveform image showing the change in potential formed by synthesizing the change in the potential of the inspiratory muscle and the change in the potential of the expiratory muscle.
- the input 2 may be a waveform image showing only the change in the expiratory myoelectric potential or only the change in the inspiratory myoelectric potential.
- an image obtained by combining input 1 and input 2 may be input to the exacerbation detection model 173.
- input 1 may be time-series data of motion information of the respiratory muscles
- input 2 may be time-series data of activity potential information related to the respiratory muscles.
- the input 1 and the input 2 may be a combination of the waveform image and the time series data.
- the server 1 performs learning using the teacher data in which the image of the electric signal and the image of the activity potential information related to the operation information and the information related to the exacerbation in each image are associated with each other.
- the teacher data is data in which an image of an electric signal related to operation information, an image of action potential information, and information related to exacerbation are labeled.
- the server 1 inputs a waveform image, which is teacher data, to the input layer, performs arithmetic processing in the intermediate layer, and acquires an identification result indicating the presence or absence of exacerbation in COPD from the output layer.
- the identification result output from the output layer may be a value discretely indicating the presence or absence of exacerbation (for example, a value of "0" or "1"), and a continuous probability value (for example, "0" to "1"). It may be a value in the range up to 1 ”).
- the server 1 acquires, as the identification result output from the output layer, the identification result that identifies the probability value of the exacerbation in addition to the presence or absence of the exacerbation in COPD.
- the probability values of each of a plurality of levels for example, levels 1 to 4, may be output from the output layer.
- the server 1 compares the identification result output from the output layer with the information labeled for the waveform image in the teacher data, that is, the correct answer value, and the intermediate layer so that the output value from the output layer approaches the correct answer value.
- the parameters are, for example, the weight between neurons (coupling coefficient), the coefficient of the activation function used in each neuron, and the like.
- the method of optimizing the parameters is not particularly limited, but for example, the server 1 optimizes various parameters by using the error back propagation method.
- the server 1 performs the above processing on each waveform image included in the teacher data, and generates an exacerbation detection model 173.
- the server 1 acquires an image of an electric signal related to operation information from the detection sensor 3 and an image of action potential information from the electromyogram sensor 4, the server 1 follows a command from the learned exacerbation detection model 173 stored in the memory. Detect information about exacerbations in COPD.
- the server 1 generates the trained exacerbation detection model 173 and then the terminal 2 downloads and installs the trained exacerbation detection model 173, the terminal 2 uses the trained exacerbation detection model 173. Information about exacerbations may be detected.
- the terminal 2 acquires an image of the electric signal related to the operation information from the detection sensor 3 and an image of the action potential information from the electromyogram sensor 4, and detects the information related to the exacerbation using the exacerbation detection model 173.
- the terminal 2 may perform learning or re-learning processing on the exacerbation detection model 173 using the teacher data.
- the waveform image is used as the input value of the exacerbation detection model 173, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a neural network related to RNN Recurrent Neural Network
- the operation information acquired from the detection sensor 3 and the time-series data of the activity potential information acquired from the electrocardiogram sensor 4 may be used as input values to detect the exacerbation in COPD.
- the learning model is a first learning model learned based on teacher data including motion information and information on exacerbations, and a second learning model learned based on teacher data including activity potential information and information on exacerbations. You may prepare two.
- the first learning model uses the voltage waveform shown in FIG. 8, the voltage waveform image, the frequency waveform obtained by frequency-converting the voltage waveform, or the frequency waveform image as input data, and the probability of exacerbation as output data.
- the server 1 learns the first learning model based on these teacher data.
- the second learning model uses the action potential waveform, the action potential waveform image, the frequency waveform obtained by frequency-converting the action potential waveform, or the frequency waveform image related to the inspiratory muscle and the expiratory muscle shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B as input data, and exacerbates the problem. Let the probability of be the output data.
- the server 1 learns the second learning model based on these teacher data.
- the second learning model may be trained based only on the waveform image of the expiratory muscle or the inspiratory muscle.
- the estimation processing by the second learning model is performed.
- the control unit 21 inputs an action potential waveform, an action potential waveform image, a frequency waveform obtained by frequency-converting the action potential waveform, or the frequency waveform image related to the inspiratory muscle and the expiratory muscle into the second learning model.
- the control unit 21 outputs the probability of exacerbation from the second learning model.
- the order of estimation processing by the first learning model and the second learning model described above is not limited. For example, if the estimation process by the second learning model is performed and the probability of exacerbation output from the second learning model is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the estimation process by the first learning model may be performed. Alternatively, the estimation process by the first learning model and the estimation process by the second learning model are performed in parallel, and the exacerbation is determined based on the exacerbation probability output by the first learning model and the second learning model. good.
- the first condition may be determined by the method of the first embodiment, and the second learning model may be used for the action potential waveform. Further, the first learning model may be used for the first condition, and the action potential waveform may be determined by the method of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the generation processing of the exacerbation detection model 173. The processing content of the generation process of the exacerbation detection model 173 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control unit 11 acquires teacher data in which the image of the motion information acquired by the detection sensor 3 and the image of the activity potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4 are associated with the information on the exacerbation in COPD (step). S121).
- the teacher data is data in which, for example, images of motion information and action potential information and information on exacerbations (for example, a probability value of exacerbations) are labeled.
- the control unit 11 outputs information (for example, levels 1 to 4) indicating the presence or absence of information on exacerbations in COPD when waveform images of motion information and action potential information are input using a plurality of teacher data.
- An exacerbation detection model 173 (trained model) is generated (step S122). Specifically, the control unit 11 inputs the waveform image, which is the teacher data, to the input layer of the neural network, and acquires the identification result of identifying the information regarding the exacerbation from the output layer. The control unit 11 compares the acquired identification result with the correct answer value of the teacher data (information labeled for the waveform image), and in the intermediate layer so that the identification result output from the output layer approaches the correct answer value. Optimize the parameters (weights, etc.) used for arithmetic processing. The control unit 11 stores the generated exacerbation detection model 173 in the large-capacity storage unit 17, and ends a series of processes.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram regarding the detection process of information related to exacerbation using the exacerbation detection model 173.
- FIG. 17 conceptually illustrates how information regarding exacerbations in COPD is detected from a waveform image. The detection process of information regarding exacerbation in COPD will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 in which the trained exacerbation detection model 173 is installed receives an image of an electric signal related to operation information from the detection sensor 3 and an activity potential information from the myocardiogram sensor 4 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26. Get an image.
- the operation information and action potential information are not limited to the above-mentioned waveform image, but may be time series data.
- the control unit 21 may generate a waveform image based on the acquired time-series data.
- the control unit 21 inputs an image of an electric signal related to the acquired operation information and an image of the activity potential information into the exacerbation detection model 173.
- the control unit 21 performs arithmetic processing for extracting the feature amount of the waveform image in the intermediate layer of the exacerbation detection model 173, inputs the extracted feature amount to the output layer of the exacerbation detection model 173, and determines whether or not there is an exacerbation in COPD. Get the information as output. As shown in the figure, the control unit 21 outputs an exacerbation level information (for example, exacerbation level 1 to exacerbation level 4) classified according to the exacerbation probability value and the exacerbation probability value. When the control unit 21 detects information on the exacerbation from the waveform image using the exacerbation detection model 173, the control unit 21 displays the detection result indicating that the information on the exacerbation in COPD has been detected on the display unit 25.
- an exacerbation level information for example, exacerbation level 1 to exacerbation level 4
- the control unit 21 displays the detection result indicating that the information on the exa
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when detecting information related to exacerbation using the exacerbation detection model 173.
- the control unit 31 of the detection sensor 3 transmits an image of an electric signal related to the operation information to the terminal 2 via the Bluetooth communication unit 34 (step S331).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 in which the trained exacerbation detection model 173 is installed receives an image of an electric signal related to the operation information transmitted from the detection sensor 3 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S231).
- control unit 21 may receive the raw data of the electric signal related to the operation information from the detection sensor 3 by the Bluetooth communication unit 26.
- the control unit 21 may input the raw data of the received electric signal into the deeply trained image generation model, and output the image of the electric signal by using the image generation model.
- the control unit 41 of the EMG sensor 4 transmits an image of action potential information to the terminal 2 via the Bluetooth communication unit 44 (step S431).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 receives an image of the activity potential information transmitted from the electromyogram sensor 4 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S232).
- the control unit 21 detects information on the exacerbation in COPD using the exacerbation detection model 173 (step S233), and displays the information on the detected exacerbation on the display unit 25 (step S234).
- the third embodiment relates to a mode for detecting an abnormality of a respiratory system disease by further adding a patient's biological information to the motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle and the activity potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle. ..
- a mode for detecting an abnormality of a respiratory system disease by further adding a patient's biological information to the motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle and the activity potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle. ..
- COPD which is one of the respiratory diseases
- the present embodiment includes a second sensor 5 that detects the biological information of the patient.
- the second sensor 5 records, for example, an oximeter for detecting percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation, a microphone for collecting biological sounds emitted from the living body, and an active potential or current of the myocardium accompanying the beating of the heart.
- an electrocardiograph capable of analyzing RRI (RR Interval) and CV-RR (Coefficient of Variation RR interval), a blood pressure monitor that detects blood pressure, a body thermometer that detects body temperature, and percutaneous arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (PtcCO2) ), A pulse rate monitor that measures the number of heartbeats, a heart rate variability measuring device that analyzes the frequency of the heartbeat, a biopotential sensor that measures the bioimpedance, a sweating sensor, and the like.
- RRI RR Interval
- CV-RR Coefficient of Variation RR interval
- PtcCO2 percutaneous arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure
- the bioelectric potential sensor detects changes in bioelectrical impedance with respiration.
- the change in bioelectrical impedance is the amount of change in thoracic impedance according to the change in lung volume due to ventilation by measuring the thoracic impedance (Z) obtained by energizing a high-frequency current from an electrode placed on the thoracic cavity.
- the ventilation state is grasped by using the sex impedance ( ⁇ Z). That is, the variation of thoracic impedance due to respiration (Z) ( ⁇ Z) is changed according to intrapulmonary air amount variation of the (V L) ( ⁇ V L) .
- [Delta] Z alpha (non-negative proportionality factor) ⁇ [Delta] V L and can be assumed.
- the amount of change in thoracic impedance ⁇ Z increases with inspiration ( ⁇ Z> 0) and decreases with exhalation ( ⁇ Z ⁇ 0). Therefore, the ventilation volume of the lungs can be estimated by measuring the biopotential im
- the second sensor 5 may be a non-contact type vital sensor installed under a bed or bedding without touching the human body.
- the non-contact type vital sensor measures minute movements (heartbeat / breathing) on the body surface accompanying respiratory movements and heartbeats with a small microwave radar, and infrared rays (body temperature) emitted from the body surface with an infrared thermo camera. ) Is measured.
- the biological information is a signal that reflects the state of the biological tissue and information when the tissue is functioning, and is, for example, a signal emitted from the body by a biological phenomenon such as pulse, body movement, or breathing.
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the detection process of information regarding exacerbation by adding the second sensor 5.
- FIG. 19 an example of detecting information on exacerbation in COPD using one type of microphone of the second sensor 5 will be described.
- information on exacerbation may be detected by using, for example, a plurality of second sensors 5.
- a microphone is a sound sensor that collects biological sounds emitted from a living body.
- a microphone can be used to acquire biological sound information including breathing sound, coughing sound, sputum storage sound, lung noise, etc., and frequency analysis can also be performed, and this information is input to a learning model.
- PtcCO2 percutaneous arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure
- thermometer When using a thermometer, input the body temperature obtained from the thermometer into the learning model.
- the exacerbation may be triggered by a respiratory infection caused by a bacterium or a virus, and in such a case, an increase in body temperature is observed as an inflammatory finding.
- learning the learning model the learning process is performed using teacher data including motion information, action potential information, body temperature, and exacerbation level obtained based on the history.
- the learning model When using a pulse rate monitor, input the pulse rate per unit time or the temporal change of the pulse rate into the learning model. At the time of exacerbation, the sympathetic nerve becomes dominant as described above, and this causes an increase in the pulse rate.
- the learning process is performed using the teacher data including the motion information, the activity potential information, the pulse rate, and the exacerbation level obtained based on the history.
- the temporal change of the LF (low frequency) / HF (high frequency) ratio or the LF / HF ratio per unit time is input to the learning model.
- the sympathetic nerve becomes dominant as described above, and as a result, an increase in the LF / HF ratio is observed.
- the learning process is performed using the teacher data including the motion information, the activity potential information, the LF / HF ratio, and the exacerbation level obtained based on the history.
- the temporal change of the thoracic impedance change amount ⁇ Z or the thoracic impedance change amount ⁇ Z per unit time is input to the learning model.
- the learning process is performed using the teacher data including the motion information, the activity potential information, the change amount ⁇ Z of the thoracic impedance, and the exacerbation level obtained based on the history.
- the learning model When using a sweating sensor, input the amount of sweating per unit time or the temporal change of the amount of sweating into the learning model. At the time of exacerbation, the sympathetic nerve becomes dominant as described above, and an increase in the amount of sweating is observed.
- the learning process is performed using the teacher data including the motion information, action potential information, sweating amount, and exacerbation level obtained based on the history.
- a plurality of the second sensors described above may be combined and input to the learning model.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 transmits the motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the detection sensor 3 and the action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the electromyogram sensor 4 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26. get.
- the control unit 21 acquires biological sound information from the microphone via the Bluetooth communication unit 26.
- biological sound information such as frequency, intensity, duration or sound quality may be acquired for breathing sound, coughing sound, sputum storage sound, and lung noise.
- the control unit 21 detects information on exacerbations in COPD based on the acquired motion information, action potential information, and biological sound information.
- information on exacerbations may be detected by further adding biological sound information.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 detects information on exacerbation based on operation information and activity potential information, it continuously determines exacerbation based on biological sound information (for example, breathing sound) acquired by a microphone. ..
- biological sound information for example, breathing sound
- the control unit 21 exacerbates based on biological sound information. Detect information about.
- the control unit 21 displays information on the detected exacerbation on the display unit 25.
- the control unit 21 transmits the detected exacerbation information to the server 1 via the communication unit 23.
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the information on the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 by the communication unit 13, and stores the received information on the exacerbation in the patient DB 171 of the large-capacity storage unit 17.
- the second sensor 5, the detection sensor 3, and the electromyogram sensor 4 are shown separately in the present embodiment, they may be integrally configured. Further, the place where the second sensor 5 is arranged is not limited to a specific part of the body, and may be a non-contact type. Further, in the present embodiment, the terminal 2 and the second sensor 5 are shown separately, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the device configuration may be such that the terminal 2, the detection sensor 3, the electromyogram sensor 4, and the second sensor 5 are all integrated, or the device configuration in which the terminal 2 and the second sensor 5 are integrated (for example, a wristwatch). It may be a wearable device such as a type mobile terminal).
- a clock-type second sensor 5 may be attached to the user, and when an abnormality is detected by the second sensor 5, the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4 may be attached to the user's body. ..
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when a microphone is added to detect information related to exacerbation.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 12 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 acquires biological sound information (for example, breath sounds) from the microphone via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S241).
- biological sound information for example, breath sounds
- the control unit 21 determines whether or not the breath sounds are attenuated (step S242).
- the determination process of the attenuation of the breath sounds for example, the frequency of the breath sounds may be used for the determination.
- step S242 When the control unit 21 determines that the acquired breathing sound is not attenuated (NO in step S242), the control unit 21 ends the process. When the control unit 21 determines that the acquired breathing sound is attenuated (YES in step S242), the control unit 21 executes step S207.
- FIG. 20 has described an example of one breath sound of biological sound information, but the present invention is not limited to this. Information on exacerbations in COPD may be detected by other coughing sounds, sputum storage sounds, lung noise, or a combination of the various sound information described above.
- the above-mentioned process is an example in which an exacerbation determination process based on motion information (step S205) and an exacerbation determination process based on active potential information (step S206) are followed by determination of whether or not the breathing sound is attenuated (step S242).
- it is not limited to this. For example, it is first determined whether or not the breath sounds are attenuated (step S242), then an action potential information exacerbation determination process (step S206), and then an action potential exacerbation determination process (step S205). , Information about exacerbations may be detected.
- step S242 the determination of whether or not the breath sounds are attenuated (step S242), the exacerbation determination process based on the motion information (step S205), and the exacerbation determination process based on the action potential information (step S206) are performed in parallel to perform the three parties.
- Information on the exacerbation may be detected when the exacerbation determination condition derived using the above is satisfied.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the server 1 of the third embodiment.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 14 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the large-capacity storage unit 17 includes a second exacerbation detection model 174.
- the second exacerbation detection model 174 is an exacerbation detection model constructed by deep learning.
- the second exacerbation detection model 174 performs deep learning to learn the feature amount of the waveform image of the exacerbation portion in the image of the electric signal related to the operation information, the image of the activity potential information, and the biological signal image acquired by the second sensor 5.
- a neural network is constructed (generated) that takes a waveform image as an input and outputs information indicating the presence or absence of information on exacerbations in COPD. Since the generation process of the second exacerbation detection model 174 is the same as the generation process of the exacerbation detection model 173 of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when detecting information related to exacerbation using the second exacerbation detection model 174.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 18 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the second sensor 5 transmits an image of biometric information to the terminal 2 using Bluetooth communication (step S541).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 receives an image of biometric information transmitted from the second sensor 5 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S243).
- the biological information may be, for example, oxygen dissociation curve data acquired by an oximeter that detects percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation. When a COPD patient has an exacerbation, the percutaneous oxygen concentration decreases, so that information on the exacerbation can be detected based on the image of the oxygen dissociation curve data. It is not limited to percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation.
- the image of the biological information may be, for example, a flag indicating a temporal change of the time series data with respect to the respiratory rate or the heart rate, a waveform data of a microphone, or the like.
- the control unit 21 detects information regarding the exacerbation in COPD using the second exacerbation detection model 174 installed in the terminal 2 (step S244).
- the process of detecting information on exacerbations using the second exacerbation detection model 174 is the same as the process of detecting information on exacerbations using the exacerbation detection model 173 of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the learning process of the second exacerbation detection model 174.
- the processing content of the learning process of the second exacerbation detection model 174 will be described with reference to FIG. 23.
- the control unit 11 includes an image of motion information acquired by the detection sensor 3, an image of action potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4, an image of biological information acquired by the second sensor 5, and information on exacerbations in COPD.
- the teacher data is data in which, for example, images of motion information, action potential information, and biological information, and information related to exacerbations (for example, exacerbation probability value, etc.) are labeled.
- the control unit 11 learns the second exacerbation detection model 174 that outputs information regarding the presence or absence of exacerbation when images of motion information, action potential information, and biological information are input using the teacher data (step S152). Specifically, the control unit 11 inputs the waveform image, which is the teacher data, to the input layer of the neural network, and acquires the identification result of identifying the information regarding the exacerbation from the output layer. The control unit 11 compares the acquired identification result with the correct answer value of the teacher data (information labeled for the waveform image), and in the intermediate layer so that the identification result output from the output layer approaches the correct answer value. Optimize the parameters (weights, etc.) used for arithmetic processing. The control unit 11 stores the learned second exacerbation detection model 174 in the large-capacity storage unit 17, and ends a series of processes.
- the abnormality of the respiratory system disease is detected based on the operation information acquired by the detection sensor 3, the action potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4, and the biological information acquired by the second sensor 5. Can be done.
- biometric information is used as an auxiliary means, and information on exacerbations is detected together with motion information and action potential information.
- information on the exacerbation is erroneously detected by the detection process of the first embodiment, the information on the exacerbation can be corrected based on the biological information.
- the fourth embodiment relates to a mode in which an abnormality of a respiratory system disease is detected by using a third sensor that further detects activity (exercise) information based on the third embodiment.
- a third sensor that further detects activity (exercise) information based on the third embodiment.
- the third sensor 6 detects activity information including the patient's momentum, distance traveled, activity amount or posture, and is, for example, an acceleration sensor, a GPS (Global Positioning System / Global Positioning Satellite) sensor, a gyro sensor (angular velocity sensor), or the like. is there.
- activity (exercise) information may be detected by using a plurality of third sensors 6.
- FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the server 1 of the fourth embodiment.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 21 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the large-capacity storage unit 17 includes an advice DB 175 and a walking model 176.
- the advice DB 175 stores advice information according to the activity content, information on exacerbation, and the like.
- the activity content includes, for example, walking, biking, climbing stairs, jogging, breathing rehabilitation exercise, etc., and is acquired by the third sensor 6.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 monitors physical activity using an acceleration sensor, acquires acceleration data (activity information) such as posture, speed, and moving distance, and specifies the activity content according to the acquired acceleration data.
- acceleration data activity information
- the identification of the activity content is not limited to the above-mentioned specific processing. For example, when a screen on which the activity content can be selected is displayed to the user, the activity content may be specified by the user's touch operation.
- the walking model 176 is a dedicated exacerbation detection model constructed by deep learning when the activity content is walking. For example, an image of an electric signal related to operation information, an image of action potential information, and a biological signal image acquired by the second sensor 5 are input to the walking model 176.
- the walking model 176 uses the waveform image as an input by performing deep learning to learn the feature amount of the waveform image of the exacerbation part in the input image according to the walking, and provides information indicating the presence or absence of information on the exacerbation in COPD. Build (generate) the neural network to be the output. Since the generation process of the walking model 176 is the same as the generation process of the exacerbation detection model 173 of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the walking model 176 may be generated based on the motion information and the action potential information without using the biological signal image by the second sensor 5.
- each model for example, a bicycle model, a stair climbing model, a jogging model, a respiratory rehabilitation model, etc.
- each model for example, a bicycle model, a stair climbing model, a jogging model, a respiratory rehabilitation model, etc.
- an activity to be respiratory rehabilitation is specified, an image of an electric signal related to motion information, an image of activity potential information, and a biological signal image acquired by the second sensor 5 are input, and information related to exacerbation in COPD is output.
- a trained respiratory rehabilitation model may be used to detect exacerbation information.
- the respiratory rehabilitation model is an image of motion information during respiratory rehabilitation detected by the detection sensor 3, an image of activity potential information during respiratory rehabilitation detected by the electromyogram sensor 4, and a biological signal image acquired by the second sensor 5.
- information on exacerbation is detected according to the physical reaction status at the time of respiratory rehabilitation.
- FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the record layout of the master DB 172 of the third embodiment.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 4 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the master DB 172 includes an activity content column.
- the activity content column remembers the type of action according to the physical activity. For example, the activity content is stair climbing, walking, etc.
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the record layout of the advice DB 175.
- the advice DB 175 includes an advice ID column, an activity content column, an exacerbation information column, and an advice column.
- the advice ID column stores the ID of the advice that is uniquely identified in order to identify each advice.
- the activity content column remembers the type of action according to the physical activity.
- the exacerbation information sequence stores information about exacerbations.
- the advice column stores advice information for the patient according to the activity content and information on exacerbation.
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when transmitting advice information according to the activity content.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 acquires motion information regarding the operation of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the detection sensor 3 via the bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S261), and the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist from the electromyogram sensor 4.
- the action potential information for the muscle is acquired (step S262).
- the control unit 21 acquires biometric information by the second sensor 5 (step S263) via the Bluetooth communication unit 26, and acquires the activity information including the patient's exercise amount, movement distance, activity amount or posture by the third sensor 6. (Step S264).
- the control unit 21 specifies the activity content based on the acquired activity information (step S265).
- the control unit 21 detects information on exacerbations based on the acquired motion information, activity potential information, and biological information (step S266). Since the detection process of information related to exacerbation is the same as the detection process in the third embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 21 transmits an advice acquisition request to the server 1 via the communication unit 23 based on the detected exacerbation information and the specified activity content (step S267).
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the advice acquisition request transmitted from the terminal 2 via the communication unit 13 (step S161).
- the control unit 11 acquires advice information from the advice DB 175 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 in response to the received advice acquisition request (step S162).
- the control unit 11 transmits the acquired advice information to the terminal 2 via the communication unit 13 (step S163).
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 receives the advice information transmitted from the server 1 by the communication unit 23 (step S268), and displays the received advice information by the display unit 25 (step S269).
- the advice information "Let's match the rhythm of breathing! May be displayed to a patient who is jogging at exacerbation level 2 (low risk).
- the advice information "Stop and adjust your breathing! May be displayed to the patient who is climbing the stairs with exacerbation level 3 (high risk).
- the advice information "Use a short-acting inhaled ⁇ 2 stimulant!” May be displayed to a walking patient with exacerbation level 4 (exacerbation).
- the process of detecting information on exacerbations in COPD using a model for each activity constructed by machine learning will be described.
- the description will be based on the walking model 176 that can be used when walking, but the same can be applied to other activity contents. Since the amount of exercise, amount of activity, posture, etc. differ depending on the activity content, it also affects the detection result of detecting information on exacerbation in COPD.
- deep learning for a specific activity for example, walking
- the waveform image is input and the presence or absence of information on exacerbation in COPD is performed. It is possible to construct a neural network that outputs information indicating the above. Therefore, the accuracy of detecting information on the exacerbation of COPD in the specific activity is increased by using the trained dedicated model.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when detecting information on exacerbation using the walking model 176.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 27 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 specifies a trained activity learning model according to the activity content specified in step S265 (step S270). For example, when the control unit 21 specifies the activity content to be walking from the activity information acquired in step S264, the control unit 21 identifies the walking model 176 installed in advance and detects the information on the exacerbation in COPD. That is, by using the learned activity learning model for each activity content, it is possible to detect highly accurate information on exacerbations in COPD.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 acquires the activity information detected by the third sensor 6 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26.
- the control unit 21 specifies the activity content according to the acquired activity information. Based on the specified activity content, the control unit 21 acquires a predetermined threshold value of an electric signal for determining the activity potential information acquired by the myocardiogram sensor 4 from the master DB 172 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 of the server 1.
- the control unit 21 performs a determination process when detecting information on exacerbation based on the acquired new threshold value. For example, when the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 specifies the activity content as walking, the control unit 21 outputs an action potential information for determining the action potential information corresponding to walking from the master DB 172 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 of the server 1. Acquire a predetermined threshold. In the case of walking, since the amount of exercise increases, the threshold value of the electric signal for detecting information on exacerbation becomes higher than the threshold value at rest.
- the present invention is not limited to this. It is possible to change the first condition for determining the operation information acquired by the detection sensor 3 and the predetermined threshold value of the biological information for determining the biological information acquired by the second sensor 5. For example, when the terminal 2 performs the exacerbation detection process using the detection sensor 3, the operation electric signal threshold value of the expiratory muscle is changed according to the activity content. For example, when the terminal 2 specifies the activity content as walking, the amount of exercise increases, so that the maximum inclination threshold value or the minimum inclination threshold value of the voltage is changed to a high value.
- various threshold values of the second sensor 5 may be changed according to the activity content.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 acquires voice data.
- the control unit 21 frequency-converts the audio data and determines whether or not the power of the specific frequency band exceeds a predetermined threshold value. If the control unit 21 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it determines that there is a possibility of exacerbation, and makes a determination using the detection sensor 3 and the electromyogram sensor 4.
- the control unit 21 changes the above-mentioned predetermined threshold value according to the activity content.
- the process is not limited to the process of changing the predetermined threshold value according to the activity content described above.
- the predetermined threshold value of the electric signal for determining the action potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4 may be changed according to the output probability value of exacerbation.
- FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when changing a predetermined threshold value of an electric signal according to a probability value of exacerbation.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 in which the trained exacerbation detection model 173 is installed acquires motion information regarding the motion of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the detection sensor 3 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S271).
- the control unit 21 acquires action potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle from the electromyogram sensor 4 via the Bluetooth communication unit 26 (step S272).
- the control unit 21 detects information on the exacerbation in COPD using the exacerbation detection model 173 (step S273).
- the control unit 21 acquires an exacerbation probability value from the detected exacerbation information (step S274). For example, if the acquired probability value of exacerbation is 0.3, there is a risk of exacerbation, so it is necessary to change the predetermined threshold value of the electrical signal for determining the action potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4. It becomes.
- the control unit 21 transmits the acquired probability value of exacerbation to the server 1 via the communication unit 23 (step S275).
- the probability value of exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 is received via the control unit 11 and the communication unit 13 of the server 1 (step S171).
- the control unit 11 calculates a predetermined threshold value of the electric signal for determining the action potential information acquired by the EMG sensor 4 according to the received probability value of exacerbation (step S172).
- the calculation algorithm for example, when there is a risk of exacerbation, it may be calculated by multiplying a predetermined threshold value of an existing electric signal by a coefficient between 0 and 1. That is, when there is a risk of developing exacerbations, the criteria for detecting exacerbations become strict.
- the control unit 11 updates the calculated predetermined threshold value of the electric signal to the master DB 172 of the large-capacity storage unit 17 (step S173).
- the third sensor 6 is a gyro sensor.
- the terminal 2 uses the detection sensor 3 for motion information regarding the movement of the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, the electromyogram sensor 4 for the activity potential information for the respiratory muscle or the respiratory assist muscle, and the gyro sensor for the wobbling of the foot. Get the value.
- the terminal 2 determines whether or not the acquired foot wobble value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value.
- the terminal 2 determines that the acquired foot wobble value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, the terminal 2 detects information on exacerbation based on the acquired motion information and action potential information by the same processing as in the first embodiment.
- the gyro sensor data acquired by the gyro sensor may be input, and a learned wobbling detection model for detecting the wobbling may be used.
- the process of changing the predetermined threshold value of the electric signal for determining the action potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- Other threshold values for determination may be changed according to the above-mentioned processing contents.
- each learned activity learning model according to the activity content, activities other than at rest (for example, high-intensity activities such as jogging) in consideration of the actual state of physical activity. Even in the case of, it is possible to detect information on exacerbations in COPD.
- the present embodiment it is possible to appropriately change a predetermined threshold value of an electric signal for determining information regarding the presence or absence of exacerbation according to the activity content or the probability value of exacerbation.
- the fifth embodiment relates to a mode in which, when information on exacerbations in COPD is detected, second advice information other than medication instruction information or medication instruction information is transmitted according to the detected exacerbation information.
- second advice information other than medication instruction information or medication instruction information is transmitted according to the detected exacerbation information.
- FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the server 1 of the fifth embodiment.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 24 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the large-capacity storage unit 17 includes medication instruction information DB 177 and treatment result DB 178.
- the medication instruction information DB 177 stores information on medication instructions for a drug prescribed in advance for use at the time of exacerbation for a COPD patient.
- the treatment result DB 178 stores the information on the intake of the medicine prescribed for use at the time of exacerbation and the measurement data after taking the medicine for the patient who has detected the information on the exacerbation.
- FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the record layout of the medication instruction information DB 177.
- the medication instruction information DB 177 includes a medication instruction ID column, a patient ID column, an exacerbation information sequence, a medication instruction sequence, and an advice sequence.
- the medication instruction ID column stores the ID of the medication instruction uniquely identified in order to identify each medication instruction.
- the patient ID column stores the patient ID that identifies the patient.
- the exacerbation information sequence stores information about exacerbations.
- the medication instruction sequence stores information on medication instructions according to information on exacerbations.
- the advice sequence stores a second piece of advice information other than the medication instruction information, depending on the information about the exacerbation.
- FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the record layout of the treatment result DB178.
- the treatment result DB 178 includes a management ID column, a patient ID column, a medication instruction ID column, a drug intake status column, and a measurement data string.
- the management ID column stores the ID of the treatment result data uniquely identified in order to identify the data of each treatment result.
- the patient ID column stores the patient ID that identifies the patient.
- the medication instruction ID string stores the medication instruction ID that specifies the medication instruction.
- the drug intake status column remembers the intake status (status) of the drug instructed to be taken by the patient who detected the information on the exacerbation. For example, "ingested”, “ingested”, “not ingested”, etc. may be entered in the drug intake status column.
- the measurement data string includes an action information string, an action potential information string, and a biometric information string.
- the motion information string stores the motion information acquired by the detection sensor 3 for the patient after the patient who has detected the information on the exacerbation has taken the medicine instructed to take the medicine.
- the action potential information sequence stores the action potential information acquired by the electromyogram sensor 4 for the patient after the patient who has detected the information regarding the exacerbation has taken the medicine instructed to take the medicine.
- the biometric information column stores the biometric information acquired by the second sensor 5 for the patient after the patient who has detected the information on the exacerbation has taken the medicine instructed to take the medicine.
- FIG. 33 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when transmitting medication instruction information for a drug prescribed for use at the time of exacerbation in advance according to the information regarding exacerbation.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 acquires the operation information from the detection sensor 3 (step S281) and the activity potential information from the electromyogram sensor 4 (step S282) via the Bluetooth communication unit 26.
- the control unit 21 determines whether or not to detect information regarding exacerbations in COPD (step S283).
- the process of detecting information on exacerbations is the same as the process of detecting information on exacerbations in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 21 determines that the information regarding the exacerbation in COPD has not been detected (NO in step S283), the control unit 21 ends the process.
- the control unit 21 determines that the information on the exacerbation in COPD has been detected (YES in step S283), the control unit 21 acquires the medication instruction information according to the information on the exacerbation (step S284). For example, the control unit 21 may confirm the information regarding the exacerbation by the doctor and receive the direct medication instruction information to be given to the pre-prescribed drug by the communication unit 23 or the input unit 24, or from the storage unit 22. Depending on the information regarding the exacerbation, information on medication instructions for pre-prescribed drugs may be obtained.
- the medication instruction information includes the type of medication (eg, short-acting inhaled ⁇ 2 stimulant, etc.), name (eg, meptin), method of administration, side effects, and the like.
- the control unit 21 displays the acquired medication instruction information on the display unit 25 (step S285).
- the control unit 21 transmits the acquired medication instruction information to the server 1 via the communication unit 23 (step S286).
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the medication instruction information of the medicine corresponding to the information regarding the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 by the communication unit 13 (step S181), and receives the received medication instruction information of the large-capacity storage unit 17. It is stored in the instruction information DB 177 (step S182). Specifically, the control unit 11 allocates a medication instruction ID and stores the patient ID, information on exacerbation, and medication instruction information as one record in the medication instruction information DB 177.
- FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when transmitting the second advice information according to the information regarding the exacerbation.
- the contents overlapping with FIG. 33 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 21 of the terminal 2 determines that the information regarding the exacerbation in COPD has been detected in step S283, the control unit 21 acquires the second advice information corresponding to the information regarding the exacerbation (step S291).
- the second advice information is opinions / suggestions and the like other than the above-mentioned medication instruction information, and may be useful information and the like for the treatment of COPD.
- the second piece of advice is information about exercise therapy such as "walk", "basic training", or "be careful not to overeat", "nutrition”.
- the second advice information acquisition process is the same as the above-mentioned medication instruction information acquisition process, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 21 displays the acquired second advice information on the display unit 25 (step S292).
- the control unit 21 transmits the acquired second advice information to the server 1 via the communication unit 23 (step S293).
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 receives the second advice information corresponding to the information regarding the exacerbation transmitted from the terminal 2 by the communication unit 13 (step S191), and receives the received second advice information in the large-capacity storage unit 17. It is stored in the medication instruction information DB 177 (step S192). Specifically, the control unit 11 allocates a medication instruction ID and stores the patient ID, information on exacerbation, and the second advice information as one record in the medication instruction information DB 177.
- the above-mentioned medication instruction information or the second advice information was transmitted to the terminal 2 respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the control unit 11 of the server 1 may transmit the medication instruction information to the terminal 2 together with the second advice information according to the detected information on the exacerbation.
- control unit 11 acquires information on the intake of the drug instructed to be taken by the patient who has detected the information on the exacerbation via the communication unit 13 or the input unit 14.
- the control unit 11 transmits the operation information after ingestion of the drug from the detection sensor 3, the action potential information after ingestion of the drug from the electromyogram sensor 4, and the action potential information after ingestion of the drug from the second sensor 5 via the communication unit 13.
- Acquire measurement data including biometric information.
- the control unit 11 stores the acquired information on the intake of the drug and the measurement data after ingesting the drug in the treatment result DB 178 of the large-capacity storage unit 17. Specifically, the control unit 11 allocates a management ID and stores the patient ID, the medication instruction ID, the drug intake status, the operation information, the action potential information, and the biological information as one record in the treatment result DB 178.
- the control unit 11 sent the measurement data including the operation information output from the detection sensor and the activity potential information output from the electromyogram sensor, and the exacerbation.
- the second teacher data associated with the information indicating that it has not occurred (for example, level 1) is acquired.
- the control unit 11 relearns the exacerbation detection model 173 (learned model) that outputs information regarding the presence or absence of exacerbation when motion information and action potential information are input using the second teacher data.
- the control unit 11 stores the relearned exacerbation detection model 173 in the large-capacity storage unit 17, and ends a series of processes.
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Abstract
Description
実施形態1は、呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋の動作に関する動作情報、及び呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋に対する活動電位情報に基づき、呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出する形態に関する。
各構成はバスBで接続されている。
実施形態2は、ディープラーニングにより構築された増悪検出モデルを用いて、COPDにおける増悪に関する情報を検出する形態に関する。なお、実施形態1と重複する内容については説明を省略する。
実施形態3は、呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋の動作に関する動作情報、及び呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋に対する活動電位情報に、さらに患者の生体情報を加えて、呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出する形態に関する。なお、実施形態3では、呼吸器系疾患の一つであるCOPDにおける増悪に関する情報を検出する例をあげて説明する。
実施形態4は、実施形態3を基にして、更に活動(労作)情報を検出する第3センサを用いて、呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出する形態に関する。なお、実施形態4では、呼吸器系疾患の一つであるCOPDにおける増悪に関する情報を検出する例をあげて説明する。本実施形態では、第3センサ6を含む。第3センサ6は、患者の運動量、移動距離、活動量または姿勢を含む活動情報を検出し、例えば加速度センサ、GPS(Global Positioning System/Global Positioning Satellite)センサ、またはジャイロセンサ(角速度センサ)等である。なお、複数の第3センサ6を用いて、活動(労作)情報が検出されても良い。
実施形態5は、COPDにおける増悪に関する情報を検出した場合、検出した増悪に関する情報に応じて、薬の服薬指示情報または服薬指示情報以外の第2のアドバイス情報を送信する形態に関する。なお、実施形態1~4と重複する内容については説明を省略する。
11 制御部
12 記憶部
13 通信部
14 入力部
15 表示部
16 読取部
17 大容量記憶部
171 患者DB
172 マスタDB
173 増悪検出モデル
174 第2増悪検出モデル
175 アドバイスDB
176 ウォーキングモデル
177 服薬指示情報DB
178 治療結果DB
1a 可搬型記憶媒体
1b 半導体メモリ
1P 制御プログラム
2 情報処理端末(端末)
21 制御部
22 記憶部
23 通信部
24 入力部
25 表示部
26 Bluetooth通信部
2P 制御プログラム
3 検出センサ
31 制御部
32 記憶部
33 圧電素子
34 Bluetooth通信部
3P 制御プログラム
4 筋電図センサ
41 制御部
42 記憶部
43 筋電計測部
44 Bluetooth通信部
4P 制御プログラム
5 第2センサ
6 第3センサ
Claims (21)
- 呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋の動作に関する動作情報を検出する検出センサから前記動作情報、及び呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋に対する活動電位情報を取得する筋電図センサから前記活動電位情報を取得し、
取得した前記動作情報及び活動電位情報に基づき呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出し、
前記異常を検出した場合に、異常情報を出力する
処理をコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とするプログラム。 - 前記検出センサは、呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋の動作情報を検出する圧電素子センサ、伸縮センサ、エコーセンサまたは生体電位センサを含む
請求項1に記載のプログラム。 - 前記検出センサにより検出した動作情報に基づき、第1条件を満たすか否かを判定し、
前記筋電図センサから取得した活動電位情報の内、呼気筋に対応する電気信号が所定閾値以上か否かを判定し、
前記第1条件を満たし、かつ、呼気筋に対応する電気信号が所定閾値以上である場合に、慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項1又は2に記載のプログラム。 - 前記検出センサにより検出した動作情報に基づき、第1条件を満たすか否かを判定し、
前記筋電図センサから取得した活動電位情報の内、呼気筋に対応する電気信号の持続時間が所定閾値以上か否かを判定し、
前記第1条件を満たし、かつ、呼気筋に対応する電気信号の持続時間が所定閾値以上である場合に、慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項1又は2に記載のプログラム。 - 前記検出センサにより検出した動作情報に基づき、第1条件を満たすか否かを判定し、
前記筋電図センサから取得した活動電位情報の内、呼気筋に対応する電気信号の周波数分布の平均周波数または中央周波数の変化値が所定閾値以上か否かを判定し、
前記第1条件を満たし、かつ、呼気筋に対応する電気信号の周波数分布の平均周波数または中央周波数の変化値が所定閾値以上である場合に、慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項1又は2に記載のプログラム。 - 前記所定閾値は第1閾値、及び、該第1閾値より大きい第2閾値を含み、
呼気筋に対応する電気信号が第1閾値以上第2閾値未満の場合、第1レベルの増悪に関する情報を出力し、
呼気筋に対応する電気信号が第2閾値以上の場合、第2レベルの増悪に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項3から5のいずれか一つに記載のプログラム。 - 前記検出センサにより出力される電気信号の極大値及び極小値が所定時間継続して所定量以上増加している場合に第1条件を満たすと判断する
処理を実行させる請求項3から6のいずれか一つに記載のプログラム。 - 患者の生体情報を検出する第2センサにより生体情報を取得し、
取得した前記生体情報、前記検出センサにより取得した動作情報、及び前記筋電図センサにより取得した活動電位情報から、呼吸器系疾患の異常の有無を判断する
処理を実行させる請求項1から7までのいずれかひとつに記載のプログラム。 - マイクを用いて呼吸音、咳音、痰の貯留音または肺雑音を含む生体音情報を取得し、
取得した前記生体音情報、前記動作情報及び活動電位情報から、呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出する
処理を実行させる請求項1から8までのいずれかひとつに記載のプログラム。 - 第2センサは、経皮的動脈血酸素飽和度を検出するオキシメータ、生体から発せられる生体音を収音するマイク、経皮的動脈血二酸化炭素分圧(PtcCO2)測定装置、心臓の拍動に伴う心筋の活動電位または活動電流を記録し、これによりRRI及びCV-RRの解析も可能な心電計、血圧を検出する血圧計、体温を検出する体温計、心臓の拍動数を計測する脈拍計、心拍の周波数を解析する心拍変動測定器、生体インピーダンスを計測する生体電位センサ、または発汗センサを含む
請求項8又は9に記載のプログラム。 - 患者の運動量、移動距離、活動量または姿勢を含む活動情報を検出する第3センサにより前記活動情報を取得する
処理を実行させる請求項1から10までのいずれかひとつに記載のプログラム。 - 前記第3センサにより取得した前記活動情報から所定の活動を検出した場合、検出した前記活動に応じて、前記検出センサにより取得した動作情報を判定するための第1条件、前記筋電図センサにより取得した活動電位情報を判定するための電気信号の所定閾値、または第2センサにより取得した生体情報を判定するための生体情報の所定閾値を変更する
処理を実行させる請求項11に記載のプログラム。 - 前記活動情報に応じて活動内容を特定し、
特定した活動内容、前記検出センサから得られる動作情報、筋電図センサから得られる活動電位情報、及び患者の生体情報を検出する第2センサから得られる生体情報に応じて、アドバイス情報を取得し、
取得した前記アドバイス情報を送信する
処理を実行させる請求項11又は12に記載のプログラム。 - 前記動作情報及び活動電位情報に基づき、慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を検出した場合、前記増悪に関する情報に応じて薬の服薬指導情報を取得し、
取得した前記服薬指導情報を送信する
処理を実行させる請求項1から13までのいずれかひとつに記載のプログラム。 - 前記慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を検出した場合、前記増悪に関する情報に応じて、前記服薬指導情報以外の第2のアドバイス情報を取得し、
取得した第2のアドバイス情報を送信する
処理を実行させる請求項14に記載のプログラム。 - 前記検出センサから得られる動作情報、及び前記筋電図センサから得られる活動電位情報を取得し、
前記動作情報、活動電位情報及び慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を含む複数の教師データに基づき学習された学習モデルに、取得した動作情報及び活動電位情報を入力し、
慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪の有無に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項1又は2に記載のプログラム。 - 前記動作情報、前記活動電位情報、及び患者の生体情報を検出する第2センサから得られる生体情報を取得し、
前記動作情報、活動電位情報、生体情報及び慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪に関する情報を含む複数の教師データに基づき学習された第2学習モデルに、取得した動作情報、活動電位情報及び生体情報を入力し、
慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪の有無に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項1又は2に記載のプログラム。 - 患者の運動量、移動距離、活動量または姿勢を含む活動情報を検出する第3センサにより取得した前記活動情報に応じて活動内容を特定し、
活動内容ごとに用意された複数の学習モデルから特定した活動情報に対応する学習モデルを選択し、
選択した学習モデルに前記動作情報及び活動電位情報を入力し、
慢性閉塞性肺疾患における増悪の有無に関する情報を出力する
処理を実行させる請求項16又は17に記載のプログラム。 - 薬を摂取して所定の時間を経過した後に、検出センサから出力される動作情報、及び筋電図センサから出力される活動電位情報を取得し、
取得した動作情報、活動電位情報及び増悪が生じていないことを示す情報を用いて学習済みモデルを再学習する
処理を実行させる請求項16から18までのいずれかひとつに記載のプログラム。 - 呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋の動作に関する動作情報を検出する検出センサから前記動作情報、及び呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋に対する活動電位情報を取得する筋電図センサから前記活動電位情報を取得し、
取得した前記動作情報及び活動電位情報に基づき呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出し、
前記異常を検出した場合に、異常情報を出力する
情報処理方法。 - 呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋の動作に関する動作情報を検出する検出センサから前記動作情報、及び呼吸筋または呼吸補助筋に対する活動電位情報を取得する筋電図センサから前記活動電位情報を取得する取得部と、
取得した前記動作情報及び活動電位情報に基づき呼吸器系疾患の異常を検出する検出部と、
前記異常を検出した場合に、異常情報を出力する出力部と
を備えることを特徴とする情報処理装置。
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| EP20777852.3A EP3943011B1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-03-19 | Computer program and information processing device for determining exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| US17/480,262 US20220079518A1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2021-09-21 | Program information processing method, and information processing device |
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| JP2025101354A (ja) * | 2023-12-25 | 2025-07-07 | オムロンヘルスケア株式会社 | 情報処理方法、情報処理装置、情報処理プログラム、学習済みモデルの生成方法、学習済みモデル、及び測定機器 |
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| EP3943011A4 (en) | 2022-12-21 |
| US20220079518A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
| JP7321599B2 (ja) | 2023-08-07 |
| EP3943011A1 (en) | 2022-01-26 |
| CN113939231A (zh) | 2022-01-14 |
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| CN113939231B (zh) | 2024-10-15 |
| JPWO2020196323A1 (ja) | 2021-11-18 |
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