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WO2020093301A1 - 混合动力模块和车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力模块和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020093301A1
WO2020093301A1 PCT/CN2018/114522 CN2018114522W WO2020093301A1 WO 2020093301 A1 WO2020093301 A1 WO 2020093301A1 CN 2018114522 W CN2018114522 W CN 2018114522W WO 2020093301 A1 WO2020093301 A1 WO 2020093301A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
planetary gear
gear mechanism
motor
hybrid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/114522
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐君杰
黄波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority to CN201880097420.2A priority Critical patent/CN112703122A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/114522 priority patent/WO2020093301A1/zh
Priority to EP18939742.5A priority patent/EP3878674A4/en
Publication of WO2020093301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020093301A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/445—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion without permanent connection between the input and the set of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2064—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using at least one positive clutch, e.g. dog clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2097—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion comprising an orbital gear set member permanently connected to the housing, e.g. a sun wheel permanently connected to the housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
    • F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
    • F16H3/54—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicles.
  • the invention particularly relates to a hybrid module for a vehicle, the hybrid module including a hybrid transmission and two electric machines.
  • the invention also particularly relates to a vehicle including the aforementioned hybrid module.
  • a planetary gear mechanism is often provided, because the planetary gear transmission has lower mass, smaller size, larger transmission ratio, larger bearing capacity, smoother transmission and higher transmission efficiency than ordinary fixed-shaft gears.
  • a parallel hybrid transmission for a vehicle is disclosed, in which a planetary gear mechanism is provided in the hybrid transmission, and an internal combustion engine and two electric machines drive the vehicle through the hybrid transmission.
  • a Chinese patent application CN107249917A also discloses a hybrid module for a vehicle, where the hybrid module has two sets of planetary gear mechanisms, and the two electric motors in the hybrid vehicle can The planetary gear mechanism transmits power.
  • the internal combustion engine and the motor working under the motor module can only provide a single gear, on the one hand, it is not enough to optimize the working point of the internal combustion engine or the motor, on the other hand, the vehicle cannot provide enough in high speed At high speeds, it cannot provide enough torque in low-speed driving.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hybrid power module for a vehicle, so that the vehicle, especially the hybrid vehicle, can take into account both the power performance and fuel economy in various driving situations.
  • the hybrid power The module can also reduce the rotation loss.
  • the hybrid module includes a hybrid transmission, a first electric machine, and a second electric machine, wherein the hybrid transmission includes a transmission input and a transmission output connected to the internal combustion engine of the vehicle ,
  • the first planetary gear mechanism connected to the transmission input member, the second planetary gear mechanism connected to the transmission output member and the transmission housing, wherein the two sets of planetary gear mechanisms have a sun gear, a planet carrier and a ring gear, namely the first
  • the planetary gear mechanism includes a first sun gear, a first planet carrier and a first ring gear
  • the second planet gear mechanism includes a second sun gear, a second planet carrier and a second ring gear.
  • the transmission input is, for example, a shaft connected to the crank of the internal combustion engine, so that the power generated by the internal combustion engine can be transmitted to the hybrid transmission.
  • the transmission output can be a shaft or gear that transmits power to the differential.
  • the transmission input member is connected to the first ring gear in a torsional connection, transmitting power between the first motor and the first sun gear, and transmitting power between the second motor and the second sun gear, and the second ring gear is fixed
  • the transmission output member is connected to the second planet carrier in a torsion-proof manner, wherein a shift device is provided in the hybrid transmission, one end of the shift device is connected to the first planet carrier in a torsion-proof manner, and the other end is selectively engaged
  • the second sun gear either engages the second planet carrier or remains in neutral. Therefore, the hybrid module can provide three gears.
  • the first planetary gear mechanism When the other end of the shifting device is in neutral, the first planetary gear mechanism is disconnected from the second planetary gear mechanism, especially when the second motor works alone, only the corresponding parts of the second planetary gear mechanism rotate, and the first The components of the planetary gear mechanism and the second ring gear do not rotate, thereby reducing rotation loss.
  • the "input" and “output” are based on the description of the direction in which the power is transmitted in the hybrid transmission when the vehicle is driven by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, which is not limited to a specific working mode. The direction of transmission on the transmission input or transmission output.
  • first motor and the first sun gear can exchange power
  • second motor and the second sun gear can exchange power
  • the motor transmits power to the planetary gear mechanism
  • the motor is a generator
  • the mode operation for example, when charging is performed by recovering the remaining power
  • the planetary gear mechanism transmits power to the motor.
  • one end and the other end of the shifting device are one or more components divided for convenience of explanation, or a part of components having additional functions.
  • the first planetary gear mechanism and the second planetary gear mechanism are arranged on the same rotation axis, wherein the shifting device is provided between the first planetary gear mechanism and the second planetary gear mechanism. Therefore, two sets of planetary gear mechanisms can be arranged regularly, the size of the hybrid power module is reduced, and the connection between the shifting device and the two sets of planetary gear mechanisms is particularly favorable.
  • a first motor is arranged between the first planetary gear mechanism and the shifting device, wherein the first planetary gear mechanism and the first motor are arranged in the same rotation axis, wherein the first motor and the first sun gear pass through the hollow shaft Power is transmitted, and a transmission shaft for transmitting power between the first planetary carrier and the shifting device extends radially inside of the hollow shaft and the first electric machine and passes out.
  • the first motor is an inner rotor type motor, and the hollow shaft and the rotor are connected with the rotation axis, and the hollow shaft and the first motor are disposed on the drive shaft connected to the first planet carrier torsionally.
  • connection for the torsionally connecting the shifting device and the second planetary carrier is provided on the connection for the torsionally connecting the shifting device and the second sun gear.
  • the shift device according to the present invention has an input end and two output ends.
  • one of the output end and the second planet carrier is connected
  • the connecting portion is provided on the connecting portion connecting the other output end and the second sun gear in an empty manner, thereby achieving a compact arrangement structure.
  • the transmission output member is designed as a transmission output gear, and the transmission output gear is connected to the second planet carrier in a torque-proof manner.
  • the transmission output gear can directly mesh with the differential driven gear to transmit power to the next stage.
  • the transmission output gear is located on the side of the second planetary gear mechanism facing the shifting device. This facilitates a compact arrangement.
  • the shifting device is a synchronizer.
  • the shifting function can be advantageously realized.
  • the shifting device can also be a dog clutch.
  • the second planetary gear mechanism and the second electric machine are arranged in the same axis of rotation. Therefore, it is beneficial to reduce the radial height of the hybrid module.
  • the first planetary gear mechanism, the first electric machine and the second planetary gear mechanism are arranged co-rotating.
  • a compact layout structure is realized.
  • a vehicle having the above-mentioned hybrid module can combine the different states of their internal combustion engine, first motor, second motor, and shifting device to provide multiple operating modes, such as pure electric drive mode, pure internal combustion engine drive, through the aforementioned hybrid module Mode, hybrid drive mode, recycling charging mode, standard charging mode, etc. Therefore, the hybrid vehicle can balance power performance and fuel economy in various driving situations, and at the same time, the hybrid module can also reduce the rotation loss.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a hybrid module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hybrid module is preferably used in a hybrid vehicle.
  • the hybrid module includes a hybrid transmission, a first electric machine 4 and a second electric machine 8.
  • the hybrid transmission includes a transmission input shaft 2 (i.e., transmission input) connected to the internal combustion engine 1 of the vehicle, a first planetary gear mechanism 3, a second planetary gear mechanism 7, and a transmission output gear 6 (i.e., transmission of power to the differential 9) Transmission output), shifting device and transmission housing.
  • the shifting device is designed as a synchronizer 5.
  • the transmission input shaft 2, the first planetary gear mechanism 3, the first motor 4, the second planetary gear mechanism 7 and the second motor 8 are sequentially arranged along the same rotation axis, wherein the synchronizer 5 is arranged Between the first motor 4 and the second planetary gear mechanism 7.
  • the second motor 8 it is possible to arrange the second motor 8 in an offset manner, that is, to arrange the second motor 8 not coaxially with respect to the second planetary gear mechanism 7.
  • the first planetary gear mechanism 3 includes a first sun gear 33, a first planet carrier 32, and a first ring gear 31.
  • the second planetary gear mechanism 7 includes a second sun gear 73, a second planet carrier 72, and a second ring gear 71.
  • the synchronizer 5 has an engaging end and two gear ends, namely a first gear end and a second gear end, wherein the engaging end can be selectively engaged with the first gear end, or with the second gear end, Or stay in neutral.
  • the transmission input shaft 2 is connected to the first ring gear 31 in a torsion-proof manner, the first motor 4 and the first sun gear 33 transmit power through the hollow shaft 10, and the joint end of the first planet carrier and the synchronizer 5 passes through the hollow first motor shaft 10
  • a transmission shaft 11 extending radially inwardly is connected in a torsion-proof manner.
  • Power can be transmitted between the second motor 8 and the second sun gear 73, the second ring gear 71 is fixed on the transmission housing, and the transmission output gear 6 is connected to the second planetary carrier 72 in a torsionally fixed manner, wherein the transmission output gear 6 is It is arranged on the side facing the synchronizer 5 of the second planetary gear mechanism 7 with the same rotation axis.
  • the first gear end is connected to the second sun gear 73 through the first connection
  • the second gear end is connected to the second planet carrier 72 through the second connection, wherein the second connection and the transmission output gear 6 are empty It is provided on the first connection part.
  • the hybrid module according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention can provide three gears:
  • 1st gear That is, the engaging end of the shifting device 5 is engaged with the 1st gear end. At this time, power can be transmitted between the first carrier 32 of the first planetary gear mechanism 3 and the second sun gear 73 of the second planetary gear mechanism 7. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is low, the first motor 4 and the second motor 8 can provide a larger output torque through the first gear.
  • 2nd gear the engagement end of the shifting device 5 is engaged with the 2nd gear end. At this time, power can be transmitted between the first carrier 32 of the first planetary gear mechanism 3 and the second carrier 72 of the second planetary gear mechanism 7. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is high, the internal combustion engine 1 and the first electric machine 4 can provide a large running speed through the second gear.
  • the hybrid module it is possible to provide multiple operating modes according to different states of the internal combustion engine 1, the first electric machine 4, the second electric machine 11, and the shifting device 5, such as a pure electric drive mode, a pure internal combustion engine drive mode Hybrid drive mode, recycling charging mode, standard charging mode, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于车辆的混合动力模块以及包括所述混合动力模块的车辆，所述混合动力模块包括混合动力变速器、第一电机（4）和第二电机（8），其中，混合动力变速器包括与车辆的内燃机（1）连接的变速器输入件（2）、变速器输出件（6）、与变速器输入件（2）连接的第一行星齿轮机构（3）以及与变速器输出件（6）连接的第二行星齿轮机构（7），其中变速器输入件（2）与第一齿圈（31）抗扭连接，在第一电机（4）和第一太阳轮（33）之间传递动力，在第二电机（8）和第二太阳轮（73）之间传递动力，第二齿圈（71）被固定在变速器壳体上，变速器输出件（6）与第二行星架（72）抗扭连接，其中，在混合动力变速器中设置换挡装置（5），换挡装置（5）的一端与第一行星架（32）抗扭连接，另一端可选择地接合第二太阳轮（73），或者接合第二行星架（72），或者保持空挡状态。

Description

混合动力模块和车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域。本发明特别涉及一种用于车辆的混合动力模块，所述混合动力模块包括混合动力变速器和两个电机。本发明还特别涉及一种包括上述混合动力模块的车辆。
背景技术
在一种当前的插电式混合动力驱动系统中，设置两个电机与混合动力变速器连接，并且内燃机与混合动力变速器连接，由此，该混合动力变速器能够实现多种工作模式。此外，在这种设计方案中，常设置有行星齿轮机构，因为行星齿轮传动相比于普通的定轴齿轮，具有质量小、体积小、传动比大、承载能力大、传动平稳以及传动效率高等优点。例如在美国专利文件US 5558595中公开了一种用于车辆的并联式混合动力变速器，其中，在该混合动力变速器中设置有行星齿轮机构，并且内燃机和两个电机通过该混合动力变速器驱动车辆。又例如，在中国专利申请CN 107249917 A中也公开了一种用于车辆的混合动力模块，其中，该混合动力模块具有两套行星齿轮机构，混合动力车辆中的两个电机能够分别向两套行星齿轮机构传递动力。
但是，在上述设计方案中，内燃机和在电动机模块下工作的电机均只能提供单一的挡位，一方面不足以优化内燃机或电机的工作点，另一方面，车辆无法在高速行驶中提供足够大的速度，也无法在低速行驶中提供足够大的扭矩。
另外，例如在城市行驶中，由于车速较低，内燃机效率非常低，因此经常设计在这种情况下将内燃机与混合动力变速器断开，仅靠一个在电动机模式下工作的电机输出动力。在这种情况下，例如由于行星齿轮机构的特性，存在电机带动混合动力变速器中在该时刻非用于传递动力的旋转部 件一同转动的情况，此时造成大量的旋转损失。
发明内容
因此，本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种用于车辆的混合动力模块，使得车辆，特别是混合动力车辆在各种行驶状况中均能够兼顾动力性能和燃油经济性，同时，混合动力模块还能够减小的旋转损失。
上述技术问题通过一种用于车辆的混合动力模块解决，混合动力模块包括混合动力变速器、第一电机和第二电机，其中，混合动力变速器包括与车辆的内燃机连接的变速器输入件、变速器输出件、与变速器输入件连接的第一行星齿轮机构、与变速器输出件连接的第二行星齿轮机构和变速器壳体，其中，两套行星齿轮机构分别具有太阳轮、行星架和齿圈，即第一行星齿轮机构包括第一太阳轮、第一行星架和第一齿圈，第二行星齿轮机构包括第二太阳轮、第二行星架和第二齿圈。变速器输入件例如是与内燃机的曲柄连接的轴件，从而能够将内燃机产生的动力传递到混合动力变速器。变速器输出件能够是向差速器传递动力的轴件或齿轮。
根据本发明，变速器输入件与第一齿圈抗扭连接，在第一电机和第一太阳轮之间传递动力，在第二电机和第二太阳轮之间传递动力，第二齿圈被固定在变速器壳体上，变速器输出件与第二行星架抗扭连接，其中，在混合动力变速器中设置换挡装置，换挡装置的一端与第一行星架抗扭连接，另一端可选择地接合第二太阳轮，或者接合第二行星架，或者保持空挡状态。因此，该混合动力模块能够提供三个挡位。当换挡装置的另一端接合第二太阳轮时，能够在第一行星架与第二太阳轮之间传递动力，特别是在车速较低的情况下，能够通过这个挡位由两个电机提供较大的输出扭矩。当换挡装置的另一端接合第二行星架时，能够在第一行星架与第二行星架之间传递动力，特别是在车速较高的情况下，能够通过这个挡位由内燃机和第一电机提供较大的行驶速度。当换挡装置的另一端处于空挡，第一行星齿轮机构与第二行星齿轮机构断开连接，特别是在第二电机单独工作时，仅有第二行星齿轮机构的相应部件转动，而第一行星齿轮机构的部件和第二齿圈不转动，由此减少旋转损失。在本发明中，所述“输入”和 “输出”均是依据在由内燃机或电机驱动车辆时，动力在混合动力变速器中传递的方向的描述，在此并不限定在特定工作模式下，动力在变速器输入件或变速器输出件上的传递方向。此外，第一电机和第一太阳轮之间能够交换动力，第二电机和第二太阳轮能够交换动力，当电机以电动机模式运行时，电机向行星齿轮机构传递动力，而当电机以发电机模式运行时，例如通过回收剩余动力而充电时，由行星齿轮机构向电机传递动力。另外，所述换挡装置的一端和另一端是为方便阐述而划分的一个或多个部件，或者是具有另外功能的部件的一部分。
在一种优选的实施方式中，在同一旋转轴线上布置第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星齿轮机构，其中，换挡装置被设置在第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星齿轮机构之间。从而能够规整地布置两套行星齿轮机构，减小混合动力模块的尺寸，并且特别有利于换挡装置与两套行星齿轮机构的连接。
有利地，在第一行星齿轮机构和换挡装置之间布置第一电机，其中，同旋转轴线地布置第一行星齿轮机构和第一电机，其中，第一电机和第一太阳轮通过空心轴传递动力，并且用于在第一行星架和换挡装置之间传递动力的传动轴延伸在空心轴和第一电机的径向内侧并穿出。例如，第一电机是内转子式的电机，并且空心轴与转子同旋转轴线地相连，并且该空心轴和第一电机空套地设置在与第一行星架抗扭连接的传动轴上。
有利地，用于将换挡装置和第二行星架抗扭连接的连接部空套地设置在用于将换挡装置与第二太阳轮抗扭连接的连接部上。例如，从由内燃机驱动车辆时的动力传动方向看，根据本发明的换挡装置具有输入端和两个输出端，在这种有利的实施方式中，连接其中一个输出端和第二行星架的连接部空套地设置在连接其中另一个输出端和第二太阳轮的连接部上，从而实现紧凑的布置结构。
在另一种优选的实施方式中，变速器输出件被设计为变速器输出齿轮，变速器输出齿轮与第二行星架抗扭连接。该变速器输出齿轮例如能够直接与差速器从动齿轮啮合，从而将动力传递到下一级。
有利地，变速器输出齿轮位于第二行星齿轮机构的、面向换挡装置的一侧。从而有利于紧凑的布置。
在另一种优选的实施方式中，换挡装置是同步器。从而能够有利地实现换挡功能。备选地，换挡装置还能够是牙嵌离合器。
在另一种优选的实施方式中，同旋转轴线地布置第二行星齿轮机构和第二电机。从而有利于减小混合动力模块的径向高度。
有利地，同旋转轴线地布置第一行星齿轮机构、第一电机和第二行星齿轮机构。从而实现紧凑的布置结构。
上述技术问题还通过一种车辆解决，该车辆具有上述的混合动力模块。因此，车辆，特别是混合动力车辆，结合其内燃机、第一电机、第二电机以及换挡装置的不同状态，能够通过上述混合动力模块提供多种工作模式，例如纯电驱动模式、纯内燃机驱动模式、混合动力驱动模式、回收充电模式、标准充电模式等。因此，混合动力车辆在各种行驶状况中均能够兼顾动力性能和燃油经济性，同时，混合动力模块还能够减小的旋转损失。
附图说明
下面结合附图来示意性地阐述本发明的优选实施方式。附图为：
图1是根据本发明的优选实施方式的混合动力模块的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出根据本发明的优选实施方式的混合动力模块。该混合动力模块优选用于混合动力车辆。如图所示，该混合动力模块包括混合动力变速器、第一电机4和第二电机8。混合动力变速器包括与车辆的内燃机1连接的变速器输入轴2(即变速器输入件)、第一行星齿轮机构3、第二行星齿轮机构7、向差速器9传递动力的变速器输出齿轮6(即变速器输出件)、换挡装置和变速器壳体。换挡装置被设计成同步器5。
在本优选实施方式中，沿同一旋转轴线依次布置变速器输入轴2、第一行星齿轮机构3、第一电机4、第二行星齿轮机构7和第二电机8，其中，在同步器5被布置在第一电机4和第二行星齿轮机构7之间。备选地，能够偏置地布置第二电机8，即相对第二行星齿轮机构7非同旋转轴 线地布置第二电机8。第一行星齿轮机构3包括第一太阳轮33、第一行星架32和第一齿圈31。第二行星齿轮机构7包括第二太阳轮73、第二行星架72和第二齿圈71。同步器5具有接合端和两个挡位端，即1挡挡位端和2挡挡位端，其中接合端能够可选地与1挡挡位端接合，或与2挡挡位端接合，或保持在空挡位置。变速器输入轴2与第一齿圈31抗扭连接，第一电机4与第一太阳轮33通过空心轴10传递动力，第一行星架与同步器5的接合端通过在空心的第一电机轴10径向内侧延伸的传动轴11抗扭连接。第二电机8和第二太阳轮73之间能够传递动力，第二齿圈71被固定在变速器壳体上，变速器输出齿轮6与第二行星架72抗扭连接，其中，变速器输出齿轮6被同旋转轴线地布置在第二行星齿轮机构7的、面向同步器5的一侧。1挡挡位端与第二太阳轮73通过第一连接部连接，2挡挡位端与第二行星架72通过第二连接部连接，其中，第二连接部和变速器输出齿轮6空套地设置在第一连接部上。
因此，根据本发明的优选实施方式的混合动力模块能够提供三个挡位：
1)1挡：即换挡装置5的接合端与1挡挡位端接合。此时，能够在第一行星齿轮机构3的第一行星架32与第二行星齿轮机构7的第二太阳轮73之间传递动力。因此，在车速较低的情况下，能够通过1挡挡位由第一电机4和第二电机8提供较大的输出扭矩。
2)2挡：即换挡装置5的接合端与2挡挡位端接合。此时，能够在第一行星齿轮机构3的第一行星架32与第二行星齿轮机构7的第二行星架72之间传递动力。因此，在车速较高的情况下，能够通过2挡挡位由内燃机1和第一电机4提供较大的行驶速度。
3)空挡：即换挡装置5的接合端既不与1挡挡位端接合也不与2挡挡位端接合。此时，第一行星齿轮机构3与第二行星齿轮机构7断开连接。因此，当第二电机单独工作时，若换挡装置5处于空挡位置，仅有第二行星齿轮机构7的相应部件转动，而第一行星齿轮机构的部件不转动，由此减少旋转损失。
通过根据本优选实施方式的混合动力模块，能够根据内燃机1，第一 电机4，第二电机11，换挡装置5的不同状态提供多种工作模式，例如纯电驱动模式、纯内燃机驱动模式、混合动力驱动模式、回收充电模式、标准充电模式等。
虽然在上述说明中示例性地描述了可能的实施例，但是应该理解到，仍然通过所有已知的和此外技术人员容易想到的技术特征和实施方式的组合存在大量实施例的变化。此外还应该理解到，示例性的实施方式仅仅作为一个例子，这种实施例绝不以任何形式限制本发明的保护范围、应用和构造。通过前述说明更多地是向技术人员提供一种用于转化至少一个示例性实施方式的技术指导，其中，只要不脱离权利要求书的保护范围，便可以进行各种改变，尤其是关于所述部件的功能和结构方面的改变。
附图标记列表
1     内燃机
2     变速器输入件，变速器输入轴
3     第一行星齿轮机构
31    第一齿圈
32    第一行星架
33    第一太阳轮
4     第一电机
5     换挡装置，同步器
6     变速器输出件，变速器输出齿轮
7     第二行星齿轮机构
71    第二齿圈
72    第二行星架
73    第二太阳轮
8     第二电机
9     差速器
10    空心轴，第一电机轴
11    传动轴

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于车辆的混合动力模块，所述混合动力模块包括混合动力变速器、第一电机(4)和第二电机(8)，其中，所述混合动力变速器包括与所述车辆的内燃机(1)连接的变速器输入件(2)、变速器输出件(6)、与所述变速器输入件(2)连接的第一行星齿轮机构(3)、与所述变速器输出件(6)连接的第二行星齿轮机构(7)和变速器壳体，其中，所述第一行星齿轮机构(3)包括第一太阳轮(33)、第一行星架(32)和第一齿圈(31)，所述第二行星齿轮机构(7)包括第二太阳轮(73)、第二行星架(72)和第二齿圈(71)，
    其特征在于，所述变速器输入件(2)与所述第一齿圈(31)抗扭连接，在所述第一电机(4)和所述第一太阳轮(33)之间传递动力，在所述第二电机(8)和所述第二太阳轮(73)之间传递动力，所述第二齿圈(71)被固定在所述变速器壳体上，所述变速器输出件(6)与所述第二行星架(72)抗扭连接，
    其中，在所述混合动力变速器中设置换挡装置(5)，所述换挡装置(5)的一端与所述第一行星架(32)抗扭连接，另一端可选择地接合所述第二太阳轮(73)，或者接合所述第二行星架(72)，或者保持空挡状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，在同一旋转轴线上布置所述第一行星齿轮机构(3)和所述第二行星齿轮机构(7)，其中，所述换挡装置(5)被设置在所述第一行星齿轮机构(3)和所述第二行星齿轮机构(7)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，在所述第一行星齿轮机构(3)和所述换挡装置(5)之间布置第一电机(4)，其中，同旋转轴线地布置所述第一行星齿轮机构(3)和所述第一电机(4)，其中，所述第一电机(4)和所述第一太阳轮(33)通过空心轴(10)传递动力，并且用于在所述第一行星架(32)和所述换挡装置(5)之间传递动力的传动轴(11)延伸穿过所述空心轴(10)和所述第一电机(4)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，用于将所述换挡装置(5)和所述第二行星架(72)抗扭连接的连接部空套地设置在用于将所述换挡装置(5)与所述第二太阳轮(73)抗扭连接的连接部上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述变速器输出件是变速器输出齿轮(6)，所述变速器输出齿轮(6)与所述第二行星架(72)抗扭连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述变速器输出齿轮(6)位于所述第二行星齿轮机构(7)的、面向所述换挡装置(5)的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述换挡装置(5)是同步器。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，同旋转轴线地布置所述第二行星齿轮机构(7)和所述第二电机(8)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，同旋转轴线地布置所述第一行星齿轮机构(7)、所述第一电机(4)和所述第二行星齿轮机构(7)。
  10. 一种车辆，其特征在于，具有上述权利要求中任一项所述的混合动力模块。
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