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WO2018119183A2 - Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same - Google Patents

Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018119183A2
WO2018119183A2 PCT/US2017/067801 US2017067801W WO2018119183A2 WO 2018119183 A2 WO2018119183 A2 WO 2018119183A2 US 2017067801 W US2017067801 W US 2017067801W WO 2018119183 A2 WO2018119183 A2 WO 2018119183A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkylene
aryl
alkyl
heteroaryl
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2017/067801
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2018119183A3 (en
Inventor
Brian Alan Lanman
Victor J. Cee
Alexander J. Pickrell
Anthony B. Reed
Kevin C. Yang
David John Kopecky
Hui-Ling Wang
Patricia Lopez
Kate Ashton
Shon Booker
Christopher M. Tegley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amgen Inc
Original Assignee
Amgen Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EA201991528A priority Critical patent/EA201991528A1/en
Priority to RS20211294A priority patent/RS62456B1/en
Priority to LTEPPCT/US2017/067801T priority patent/LT3558955T/en
Priority to UAA201908270A priority patent/UA124474C2/en
Priority to CN202310364214.6A priority patent/CN116606261A/en
Priority to SM20210598T priority patent/SMT202100598T1/en
Priority to KR1020257032715A priority patent/KR20250152110A/en
Priority to DK17832646.8T priority patent/DK3558955T3/en
Priority to SG11201906223TA priority patent/SG11201906223TA/en
Priority to EP21183032.8A priority patent/EP4001269A1/en
Priority to JP2019534162A priority patent/JP6858861B2/en
Priority to BR112019012976-6A priority patent/BR112019012976A2/en
Priority to HRP20211642TT priority patent/HRP20211642T1/en
Priority to KR1020237035546A priority patent/KR20230150408A/en
Priority to MYPI2019004551A priority patent/MY196830A/en
Priority to CN202310364215.0A priority patent/CN116621833A/en
Priority to PL17832646T priority patent/PL3558955T3/en
Priority to CR20190338A priority patent/CR20190338A/en
Priority to EP17832646.8A priority patent/EP3558955B1/en
Priority to ES17832646T priority patent/ES2894255T3/en
Priority to CN201780087190.7A priority patent/CN110366550A/en
Application filed by Amgen Inc filed Critical Amgen Inc
Priority to SI201730951T priority patent/SI3558955T1/en
Priority to NZ754994A priority patent/NZ754994A/en
Priority to AU2017379074A priority patent/AU2017379074C9/en
Priority to KR1020197020877A priority patent/KR102592246B1/en
Priority to MX2019007643A priority patent/MX387210B/en
Priority to CA3048217A priority patent/CA3048217A1/en
Priority to MA47107A priority patent/MA47107B1/en
Priority to JOP/2019/0154A priority patent/JOP20190154B1/en
Publication of WO2018119183A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018119183A2/en
Publication of WO2018119183A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018119183A3/en
Priority to IL267495A priority patent/IL267495B/en
Priority to CONC2019/0006598A priority patent/CO2019006598A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to ZA2019/04548A priority patent/ZA201904548B/en
Priority to PH12019501670A priority patent/PH12019501670A1/en
Priority to IL287223A priority patent/IL287223B2/en
Priority to CY20211100937T priority patent/CY1125262T1/en
Priority to AU2022204026A priority patent/AU2022204026B2/en
Priority to AU2024219455A priority patent/AU2024219455A1/en
Priority to AU2025237955A priority patent/AU2025237955A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/425—Thiazoles
    • A61K31/428—Thiazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
    • A61K31/502—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. cinnoline, phthalazine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
    • A61K31/5025—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/517—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinazoline, perimidine
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    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • C07D239/72—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines
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    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Definitions

  • KRAS gene mutations are common in pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, gall bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and bile duct cancer. KRAS mutations are also observed in about 25% of patients with NSCLC, and some studies have indicated that KRAS mutations are a negative prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC. Recently, V-Ki- ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations have been found to confer resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies in colorectal cancer; accordingly, the mutational status of KRAS can provide important information prior to the prescription of TKI therapy.
  • EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
  • pancreatic cancer lung adenocarcinoma, or colorectal cancer, especially those who have been diagnosed to have such cancers characterized by a KRAS mutation, and including those who have progressed after chemotherapy.
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH-C 1-6 alkyl, N(C1 -6 alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, or C 0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1 -6 alkyl, C1- 6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R 3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2halo
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C1 -6 alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–4cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3– 14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 – 1 4 heteroaryl, or
  • R 7 is H or C 1–8 alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring,
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH-C 1-6 alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–
  • each R’ is independently H, C 1- 6alkyl, C1 -6 haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7- membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–14cycloalkyl, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 – 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C1 -6 alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3– 14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 – 1 4 heteroaryl, or
  • R 7 is H or C 1–6 alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring,
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ; J is N, NR 10 , or CR 10 ; M is N, NR 13 , or CR 13 ; is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1- 4alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2– 3alkynyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl
  • L is a bond, C1 -6 alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0– 5alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1–8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3– 1 4 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2– 14heteroaryl, or
  • R 13 is C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, or C3–14cycloalkyl,
  • R 10 is C1–3alkylenearyl, C1–3alkyleneheteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl,
  • J is NR 10 and M is CR 13 .
  • J is CR 10 and M is NR 13 .
  • J is N and M is NR 13 .
  • J is NR 10 and M is N.
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • J is N, NR 10 , or CR 10 ;
  • M is N, NR 13 , or CR 13 ;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1–4 alkyl, C 1–4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH-C 1-4 alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1 -6 alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2 -14heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–4cycloalkyl, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 – 3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C1–6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
  • R 7 is H or C 1–8 alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
  • R 8 and R 9 are each independently H, C 1–3 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1–3 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3–6cycloalkyl, or R 8 and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring;
  • R 10 is C 1–8 alkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C 0-3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene- C 2–14 heteroaryl, NH-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH-C 0-3
  • R 10 is C1–3alkylenearyl, C1–3alkyleneheteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C1–3alkylene- C 2–7 heterocycloalkyl, or halo; or (2) R 13 is C 1–3 haloalkyl or C 3–5 cycloalkyl.
  • J is NR 10 and M is CR 13 .
  • J is CR 10 and M is NR 13 .
  • J is N and M is NR 13 .
  • J is NR 10 and M is N.
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 6-14 aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2 -14heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C 1–3 alkyl, C 1–2 haloalkyl, C 1–3 alkoxy, C 3–4 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2 –3 alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1–8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3– 1 4 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2– 14heteroaryl, or
  • R 7 is H or C 1–8 alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
  • R 8 and R 9 are each independently H, C1–6alkyl, hydroxy, C1–6alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C 3–14 cycloalkyl, or R 8 and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring;
  • R 10 is C 1–8 alkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C 2 –14heteroaryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH-C 1-4 alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 6-14 aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2 -14heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C3–4cycloalkyl, C 2 -14heterocycloalkyl, C 2 –3 alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C1 -6 alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1–6 alkyleneamine, C 0–6 alkylene-amide, C 0–
  • R 7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
  • R 8 and R 9 are each independently H, C 1–6 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1–6 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3–14cycloalkyl, or R 8 and R 9 , taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring;
  • R 10 is C1–8alkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1–6 alkoxy, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O- C0 -3 alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C 2 - 14 heterocycloalkyl, NH-C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH-C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH-C 0-3 alkylene- C 2 –14heteroaryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl,
  • the compouds have a structure of formula (III). In other embodiments, the compouds have a structure of formula (III’).
  • the compounds of formula (II) or (III) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features.
  • R 8 is C1-2alkyl.
  • Q is CR 8 R 9 .
  • R 8 and R 9 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a 3–4 membered ring.
  • R 8 is C1–2alkyl
  • R 9 is H.
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1 -6 alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1 -6 alkoxy, NH-C1 -6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, C0– 3 alkylene-C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1 -6 alkyl, C1- 6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C1–2haloalkyl, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C 2 -8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, or selected from
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
  • R 7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
  • R 8 is H, C 1–3 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1–3 alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C 3–14 cycloalkyl, or NR 11 R 12 ;
  • R 11 and R 12 are each independently H, C 1–8 alkyl, or C 3–14 cycloalkyl
  • R 10 is C1-8alkyl, C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0 -3 alkylene-C 2 –14heteroaryl, C0 -3 alkylene-C3- 14 cycloalkyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1–6 alkoxy, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O-C 0- 3alkylene-C 2 –14heteroaryl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C 2 - 14 heterocycloalkyl, NH-C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH-C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH-C 0-3 alkylene- C 2 –14heteroaryl, N-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, N-C0
  • the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV). In various embodiments, the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV’). In some embodiments, E 1 and E 2 are each CR 1 , and R 8 is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C3– 6 cycloalkyl.
  • R 8 is methyl
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently CR 1 or N;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1 -6 alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1 -6 alkoxy, NH-C1 -6 alkyl, N(C 1-6 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, C0– 3 alkylene-C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1 -6 alkyl, C1- 6 haloalkyl, C 3-14 cycloalkyl, C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–14cycloalkyl, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0-5 alkylene, -S-C 0-5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0-5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1–6 alkyleneamine, C 0–6 alkylene-amide, C 0–
  • R 7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
  • R 8 is H, C1–3alkyl, hydroxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C3–14 cycloalkyl, or NR 11 R 12 ;
  • R 11 and R 12 are each independently H, C1–8alkyl, or C3–15cycloalkyl
  • R 10 is C1–8alkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C 0-3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene- C 2–14 heteroaryl, NH-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, NH-C 0
  • the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV). In various embodiments, the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV’). In some embodiments, E 1 and E 2 are each CR 1 , and R 8 is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C 3– 6cycloalkyl.
  • R 8 is methyl
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently CR 1 or N;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1 -6 alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1 -6 alkoxy, NH-C1 -6 alkyl, N(C1 -6 alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 6-14 aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2 -14heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1–6 alkoxy, C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 2–6 alkenyl, C 2– 6alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C 2 -8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1–6 alkyleneamine, C 0–6 alkylene-amide, C 0–
  • R 7 is H or C 1–8 alkyl, or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
  • R 10 is C 1–8 alkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C 0-3 alkylene-C 3–14 heteroaryl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene- C 2 –14heteroaryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently CR 1 or N;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, NH-C 1-6 alkyl, N(C1 -6 alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 –14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 6-14 aryl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2 -14heterocycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
  • R 3 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1–6 alkoxy, C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 2–8 alkenyl, C 2– 8alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1–6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
  • R 10 is C1–8alkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 3–14 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–14 heterocycloalkyl, C 1–6 alkoxy, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, O- C0 -3 alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C 2 - 14 heterocycloalkyl, NH-C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH-C 0-3 alkylene-C 6-14 aryl, NH-C 0-3 alkylene- C 2 –14heteroaryl, NH-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl,
  • each of E 1 and E 2 is CR 1 .
  • E 1 is CR 1 and E 2 is N.
  • E 1 is N and E 2 is CR 1 .
  • each of E 1 and E 2 is N.
  • R 10 is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C 2 -14 heterocycloalkyl, C1 -6 alkoxy, O-C0 -6 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C 0-6 alkylene-C 2–14 heteroaryl, O-C 0-6 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C 0-6 alkylene-C 2- 14heterocycloalkyl, N-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0 -6 alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0 -6 alkylene- C 2–14 heteroaryl, NH-C 0-6 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl , or NH-C 0
  • R 10 is C1-8alkyl. In some embodiments, R 10 is C0 -3 alkylene-C6- 14 aryl. In some embodiments, R 10 is C 0-3 alkylene-C 2–14 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, R 10 is C0 -3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, R 10 is C0 -3 alkylene-C 2 - 14heterocycloalkyl. In other embodiments, R 10 is C0 -6 alkyleneamine.
  • R 10 can be i-Pr, t-Bu, phenyl, benzyl, OCH 3 , Cl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl,
  • R 1 is H. In some embodiments, R 1 is F. In some embodiments, R 1 is methyl.
  • R 2 is aryl. In some embodiments, R 2 is heteroaryl.
  • R 2 is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indazolyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, indolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, cinnolinyl, imidazopyridyl, pyrazolopyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, indolinonyl, isoindolinonyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl.
  • R 2 can be Cl, Br, CF 3 , cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, OCH3, OCH2CH3, phenyl,
  • R 3 is halo. In various embodiments, R 3 is Cl. In some embodiments, R 3 is C1–2alkyl. In some embodiments, R 3 is methyl. In some embodiments, R 3 is C 1-2 haloalkyl. In various embodiments, R 3 is CF3.
  • R 4 is
  • ring A comprises piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or azetidinyl. In some embodiments, ring A comprises piperidinyl.
  • L is a bond.
  • L is C1-2alkylene.
  • L is O.
  • L is S. In various embodiments, L is NH. In some embodiments, R 5 is H or halo. In some embodiments, R 5 is H, Br, Cl, F, CN, CH3, CF3, CH2Br, CH2OH, CH2CH2OH, CH 2 OCH 2 phenyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, CH 2 phenyl, CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 ,
  • R 6 is C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1- 6alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–3haloalkyl, C1–6alkylene-amine, C0–6alkylene-amide, C0– 1 alkylene C(O)OC 1-3 alkyl, C 0–1 alkylene-C 2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C 0–1 alkylene-C 3-14 cycloalkyl, or C 0–3 alkylene-C6-14aryl.
  • R 6 is C0–6alkylene-amine or C 0–3 alkylene- amide and is CH 2 NH 2 , CH(CH 3 )NH 2 , CH(CH 3 ) 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2NHC(O)CH3,
  • R 6 is phenyl, cyclopropyl, CH 3 , CF 3 , CH 2 CH 3 , CH 2 NH 2 , CH(CH 3 )NH 2 , CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2Cl, CH2Br, CH2OCH3, CH2Ophenyl, CH2OH, CO2H, CO2CH2CH3, CH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , CH 2 NHCH 3 , C(O)NHCH 3 , C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2CHF2, CH2F, CHF2, CH2NHC(O)CH3,
  • R 5 and R 6 is H.
  • R 7 is H.
  • R 7 is methyl.
  • R 7 and R 5 together are–CH2– or–C(O)CH2–.
  • the compounds disclosed herein can be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • the compounds provided can be formulated into a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • a method of inhibiting KRAS G12C in a cell comprising contacting the cell with a compound or composition disclosed herein.
  • a method of treating cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or composition disclosed herein.
  • the cancer is lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, or colorectal cancer.
  • alkyl refers to straight chained and branched C1-C 8 hydrocarbon groups, including but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, and 2-ethybutyl.
  • C m-n means the alkyl group has“m” to“n” carbon atoms.
  • alkylene refers to an alkyl group having a substituent.
  • An alkyl (e.g., methyl), or alkylene (e.g., -CH 2 -), group can be substituted with one or more, and typically one to three, of independently selected, for example, halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, hydroxy, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, alkylamino, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 2 - 8 alkenyl, C 2 - 8alkynyl, -NC, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC1-C8alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 heterocycloalkyl, C 5 -C 10 aryl, and C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl.
  • haloal
  • alkenyl and“alkynyl” indicate an alkyl group that further includes a double bond or a triple bond, respectively.
  • halo refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.
  • alkoxy is defined as -OR, wherein R is alkyl.
  • the term“amino” or“amine” interchangeably refers to a -NR 2 group, wherein each R is, e.g., H or a substituent.
  • the amino group is further substituted to form an ammonium ion, e.g., NR 3 + .
  • Ammonium moieties are specifically included in the definition of“amino” or“amine.”
  • Substituents can be, for example, an alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amide, or carboxylate.
  • An R group may be further substituted, for example, with one or more, e.g., one to four, groups selected from halo, cyano, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, urea, carbonyl, carboxylate, amine, and amide.
  • An“amide” or“amido” group interchangeably refers to a group similar to an amine or amino group but further including a C(O), e.g., - C(O)NR2.
  • Some contemplated amino or amido groups include CH 2 NH 2 , CH(CH 3 )NH 2 , CH(CH 3 ) 2 NH 2 , CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2,
  • aryl refers to a C 6-14 monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic group, preferably a C6-10 monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic group, or C10-14 polycyclic aromatic group.
  • aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.
  • Aryl also refers to C10-14 bicyclic and tricyclic carbon rings, where one ring is aromatic and the others are saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic, for example, dihydronaphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl (tetralinyl). Unless otherwise indicated, an aryl group can be
  • cycloalkyl refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic non- aromatic carbocyclic ring, where the polycyclic ring can be fused, bridged, or spiro.
  • the carbocyclic ring can have 3 to 10 carbon ring atoms.
  • Contemplated carbocyclic rings include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and cyclononyl.
  • heterocycloalkyl means a monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic), saturated or partially unsaturated, ring system containing 3 or more (e.g., 3 to 12, 4 to 10, 4 to 8, or 5 to 7) total atoms, of which one to five (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) of the atoms are independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
  • heterocycloalkyl groups include azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, dihydropyrrolyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, dihydropyridinyl, oxacycloheptyl, dioxacycloheptyl, thiacycloheptyl, and diazacycloheptyl.
  • a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl group can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more, and in particular one to four, groups.
  • substituents include halo, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 2 - 8 alkenyl, C 2 - 8 alkynyl, -OCF 3 , -NO 2 , - CN, -NC, -OH, alkoxy, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC1-C8alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 5 -C 10 aryl, and C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl.
  • heteroaryl refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system (for example, bicyclic) containing one to three aromatic rings and containing one to four (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur in an aromatic ring.
  • the heteroaryl group has from 5 to 20, from 5 to 15, from 5 to 10 ring, or from 5 to 7 atoms.
  • Heteroaryl also refers to C 10-14 bicyclic and tricyclic rings, where one ring is aromatic and the others are saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic.
  • heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, furanyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl, triazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzothiophenyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, furopyridyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazothiazolyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, isobenzofur
  • a heteroaryl group can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more, and in particular one to four or one or two, substituents.
  • Contemplated substituents include halo, C 1 - 8 alkyl, C 2 - 8alkenyl, C 2 -8alkynyl, -OCF3, -NO2, -CN, -NC, -OH, alkoxy, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 5 -C 10 aryl, and C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl.
  • trifluoroacetamide refers to the structure .
  • Alloc refers to the structure .
  • Fmoc refers to the Compounds of the disclosure
  • KRAS inhibitors having structures of one of Formulas I-V, discussed in more detail below.
  • the compounds disclosed herein include all pharmaceutically acceptable isotopically-labeled compounds wherein one or more atoms of the compounds disclosed herein are replaced by atoms having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature.
  • isotopes that can be incorporated into the disclosed compounds include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine, chlorine, and iodine, such as 2 H, 3 H, 11 C, 13 C, 14 C, 13 N, 15 N, 15 O, 17 O, 18 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, 36 Cl, 123 I, and 125 I, respectively.
  • radiolabelled compounds could be useful to help determine or measure the effectiveness of the compounds, by characterizing, for example, the site or mode of action, or binding affinity to pharmacologically important site of action.
  • Certain isotopically-labeled compounds of the disclosure for example, those incorporating a radioactive isotope, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies.
  • the radioactive isotopes tritium, i.e. 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e. 14 C, are particularly useful for this purpose in view of their ease of incorporation and ready means of detection.
  • Isotopically-labeled compounds of structure (I) can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the Preparations and Examples as set out below using an appropriate
  • Isotopically-labeled compounds as disclosed herein can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the accompanying examples and schemes using an appropriate isotopically- labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent previously employed.
  • Certain of the compounds as disclosed herein may exist as stereoisomers (i.e., isomers that differ only in the spatial arrangement of atoms) including optical isomers and conformational isomers (or conformers).
  • the compounds disclosed herein include all stereoisomers, both as pure individual stereoisomer preparations and enriched preparations of each, and both the racemic mixtures of such stereoisomers as well as the individual diastereomers and enantiomers that may be separated according to methods that are known to those skilled in the art. Additionally, the compounds disclosed herein include all tautomeric forms of the compounds.
  • Certain of the compounds disclosed herein may exist as atropisomers, which are conformational stereoisomers that occur when rotation about a single bond in the molecule is prevented, or greatly slowed, as a result of steric interactions with other parts of the molecule.
  • the compounds disclosed herein include all atropisomers, both as pure individual atropisomer preparations, enriched preparations of each, or a non-specific mixture of each. Where the rotational barrier about the single bond is high enough, and interconversion between conformations is slow enough, separation and isolation of the isomeric species may be permitted.
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1– 4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH-C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1– 6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0– 3 alkylene-C 2–7 heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, or C 0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1 -6 alkyl, C1 -6 haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0– 5alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1– 8alkyl, C 2 -8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 3–8 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alky
  • R 7 is H or or R 7 and R 5 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a compound of formula I can be in the form of formula (I-A), (I-B), (I-C), or (I- D):
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently N or CR 1 ; J is N, NR 10 , or CR 10 ; M is N, NR 13 , or CR 13 ; is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1–4 alkyl, C 1–4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH-C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1- 4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 – 3alkynyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 -7heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, or C 0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0– 5alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C1– 8alkyl, C 2 -8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene- C3–8cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene
  • R 10 is C1–8alkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, C0– 3 alkyleneheteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–8 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–7 heterocycloalkyl, C 1– 6alkoxy, O-C0 -3 alkylenearyl, O-C0 -3 alkyleneheteroaryl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, O-C0- 3alkylenearyl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C 2 -7heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0- 3alkylenearyl, NH-C0 -3 alkylenearyl, NH-C0 -3
  • J is NR 10 and M is CR 13 . In some embodiments, J is CR 10 and M is NR 13 . In some embodiments, J is CR 10 and M is N. In various embodiments, J is N and M is NR 13 . In some embodiments, J is N and M is CR 13 .
  • R 13 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, trifluormethyl, CH2NH2, and cyclopropyl.
  • J is NR 10 and M is N.
  • a compound of formula II can be in the form of formula (II-A), (II-B), (II-C), (II- (II-E), (II-F), (II-G), (II-H), (II-J), (II-K), (II-L), (II-M), (II-N), (II-O), (II-P), or (II-Q):
  • the disclosure also provides a compound having a structure of formula (III) or formula (III’):
  • each R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-4alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1- 4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1–6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2– 3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, C0 -3 alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2 -7heterocycloalkyl, C0– 3 alkylenearyl, or C 0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1- 6haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with
  • R 4 is or ;
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C 1-6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0– 5alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1– 8alkyl, C 2 -8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene- C 3–8 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alky
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently H, halo, C1–8alkyl, C 2 - 8 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1-4 alkyl, C 1–6 alkylene-OH, C 1–6 haloalkyl, C 1–6 alkyleneamine, C 0– 6alkyleneamide, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)OH, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-aryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C(O)C 1-4 alkylene-OH, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2- 7heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, or cyano, or R 5 and R 6 , together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R 7 is H or C 1
  • R 10 is C1–8alkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, C0– 3 alkyleneheteroaryl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 3–8 cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C 2–7 heterocycloalkyl, C 1– 6alkoxy, C1 -6 alkoxy, O-C0 -3 alkylenearyl, O-C0 -3 alkyleneheteroaryl, O-C0 -3 alkylene-C3- 8 cycloalkyl, O-C 0-3 alkylene-C 2-7 heterocycloalkyl, NH-C 1-8 alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 , NH-C 0- 3alkylenearyl, NH-C0 -3
  • a compound of formula III can be in the form of formula (III-A), (III-B), (III-C), or
  • a compound of formula III’ can be in the form of formula (III-A’), (III-B’), (III-
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently CR 1 or N;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C 1- 4alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C1– 6 alkyl, C 1–6 haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’) 2 , C 2–3 alkenyl, C 2–3 alkynyl, C 0-3 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 0– 3alkylene-C 2 -7heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, or C 0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-4 cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituent
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring
  • L is a bond, C1 -6 alkylene, -O-C0– 5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2- 5alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1–8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O-C 1-4 alkyl, C 1– 6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-
  • E 1 and E 2 are each independently CR 1 or N;
  • R 1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1- 4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, NH-C 1-4 alkyl, N(C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , cyano, or halo;
  • R 2 is halo, C 1– 6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C 2 –3alkenyl, C 2 –3alkynyl, C0 -3 alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0– 3 alkylene-C 2-7 heterocycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylenearyl, or C 0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1 -6 alkyl, C1 -6 haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C 2-3 alkenyl, C 2-3 alkyn
  • ring A is a monocyclic 4– 7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
  • L is a bond, C1- 6 alkylene, -O-C 0–5 alkylene, -S-C 0–5 alkylene, or -NH-C 0–5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O- C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
  • R 4' is H, C 1–8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1–6 alkylene-O- C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C 0–3 alkylene
  • R 8 can be C1-2alkyl, e.g. methyl.
  • R 8 and R 9 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–4 membered ring, e.g., a cyclopropyl ring.
  • R 8 is C 1–2 alkyl (e.g., methyl), and R 9 is H.
  • R 10 is C1-4alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3 -6 cycloalkyl, C3 -6 heterocycloalkyl, C1- 4 alkoxy, or aryloxy.
  • R 10 is C 1-8 alkyl, C 1-5 alkyl, or C 1-3 alkyl.
  • R 10 is C0 -3 alkylenearyl, C0-1alkylenearyl, or phenyl.
  • R 10 is C 0-3 alkyleneheteroaryl, or C 0-1 alkyleneheteroaryl, and the heteoraryl can be, e.g., pyridyl.
  • R 10 is C0 -3 alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0-1alkylene- C 3-8 cycloalkyl, or C 3-8 cycloalkyl, and the cycloalkyl can be, e.g., cyclohexyl.
  • R 10 is C0 -3 alkylene-C3-8heterocycloalkyl or C0-1alkylene-C3-8heterocycloalkyl.
  • R 10 is C 0-6 alkyleneamine or C 0-3 alkyleneamine or amine.
  • Some s ecificall contem lated R 10 include i-Pr t-Bu hen l benz l OCH3 Cl c clo ro l
  • R 10 can comprise an ortho-substituted aryl, ortho-substituted heteroaryl, or 2-substituted
  • R 1 can be a small moiety.
  • R 1 can be H, C1–2alkyl (e.g., methyl), C1– 2haloalkyl (e.g., CF3), or halo (e.g., F).
  • C1–2alkyl e.g., methyl
  • C1– 2haloalkyl e.g., CF3
  • halo e.g., F
  • Some specifically contemplated R 1 include H, F, Me, Cl, and CF3.
  • R 2 can be C1–3alkyl, C1–3haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C0–1alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C3– 6 cycloalkyl, C 0–1 alkylenearyl (e.g., aryl), or C 0–1 alkyleneheteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl).
  • R 2 groups include phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indazolyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, indolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, cinnolinyl,
  • R 2 tetrahydroisoquinolinyl.
  • Some other specific R 2 include Cl, Br, CF3, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, OCH3, OCH2CH3, phenyl,
  • L can be a bond, C1 -6 alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0– 5 alkylene, and for C 2-6 alkylene, -O-C 2-5 alkylene, -S-C 2-5 alkylene, and NH-C 2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH.
  • L can be–CH 2 -NH- when a carbon on a C 2 alkylene group is replaced with NH, or –O-CH2CH2-O-, when a carbon on a O-C3alkylene group is replaced with a O.
  • L is C 1-2 alkylene, O, S, or NH. In some embodiments, L is a bond.
  • Ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring.
  • Some specifically contemplated rings include cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, imidazolidinyl,
  • hexahydropyrimidinyl hexahydropyridazinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiofuranyl, azetidinyl, spiroheptyl, spirooctyl, spirononyl, spirodecyl, diazabicyclodecyl,
  • ring A can comprise piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or azetidinyl. . In some embodiments, ring A comprises piperidinyl. Ring A can be further substituted with one to three
  • substitutions on ring A include one to three substituents selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxylic acid or ester, haloalkyl, alkylamine, C(O)NH2, oxo, halo, cyano, and isocyano.
  • R 4 When R 4 is , it can more specifically be
  • R 5 and R 6 are substituents on the acrylamide moiety of the KRAS inhibitors disclosed herein.
  • each of R 5 and R 6 is H.
  • R 5 substituents include H, Br, Cl, F, CN, CH 3 , CF 3 , CH 2 Br, CH 2 OH,
  • R 6 substituents include phenyl, cyclopropyl, CH 3 , CF3, CH2CH3, CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2Cl, CH2Br, CH2OCH3,
  • CH 2 Ophenyl CH 2 OH, CO 2 H, CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 , CH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2CHF2, CH2F, CHF2, CH2NHC(O)CH3, CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H, CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CO 2 CH 3 ,CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 NH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 ,
  • R 5 and R 6 together with the atoms to which they are attached, can form a 4–6 membered ring, e.g., a 5- or 6-membered ring.
  • Such rings include R 5 and R 6 together being [
  • the present invention discloses compounds having a structure selected from:
  • These compounds can be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and in a pharmaceutical formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • the following examples are labeled using a classification system in which the first number refers to the method used to synthesize the compound, the second number is an identifying number, and the third number, if present, refers to the compound’s order of elution in a chromatographic separation process. If third number is absent, the compound is a single compound or mixture of isomers.
  • the sequential numbering of the Examples is interrupted and certain Example numbers are intentionally omitted due to formatting considerations.
  • The“-“ denotes that no changes were made, or no entries are in the relevant box.
  • Specifically contemplated compounds include those as listed in Table 1:
  • Method 1 synthesis A compound of Formula (I) as disclosed herein can be synthesized as outlined in Method 1.
  • An appropriate aromatic or heteroaromatic acid is reacted with a halogenating agent in Step 1 to form a halogenated aromatic or heteroaromatic acid.
  • the acid is then reacted with an amidating agent in Step 2 to form an amide intermediate.
  • the amide intermediate is then reacted with a sulfurizing agent in Step 3 to form a thioamide intermediate.
  • the thioamide intermediate is reacted with an oxidant in Step 4 to form the thiazole ring as shown.
  • the amine of the thiazole is then converted to a leaving group in Step 5 using an activating agent.
  • the leaving group is then replaced with an R 4 protected group, as shown in Step 6.
  • the R 2 moiety is then introduced in Step 7 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the thiazole intermediate.
  • the R 4 group is deprotected under appropriate conditions, depending upon the protecting group used, the R 4 group is then acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety as shown, and lastly, R 2 is deprotected.
  • Appropriate protecting groups and deprotection reagents are known to those skilled in the art, e.g., as discussed in Greene’s Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis.
  • Contemplated halogenating agents include, but are not limited to, chlorine, bromine, N-chlorosuccinimide, and N-bromosuccinimide, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, e.g., iron or aluminum.
  • a catalyst e.g., iron or aluminum.
  • the ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other halogenating agents and catalysts can be used.
  • Contemplated amidating agents include, but are not limited to, N, N’- diisopropylcarbodiimide, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide, benzotriazol-1- yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'- tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate, thionyl chloride, isobutyl chloroformate, diethyl cyanophosphonate, carbonyl diimidazole, and polyphosphonic anhydride.
  • the ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other amidating agents can be used.
  • Contemplated sulfurizing agents include, but are not limited to, sulfur, phosphorus pentasulfide, and Lawesson’s reagent. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other sulfurizing agents can be used.
  • Contemplated oxidants include, but are not limited to, hydrogen peroxide, iodobenzene diacetate, t-butyl hydroperoxide, N-bromosuccinimide, and ammonium peroxodisulfate. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other oxidants can be used.
  • Contemplated activating agents include, but are not limited to, sodium nitrite and t- butyl nitrite. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other activating agents can be used.
  • Contemplated cross-coupling reactions include, but are not limited to, Suzuki coupling, Negishi coupling, Hiyama coupling, Kumada coupling, and Stille coupling. The ordinarily skilled chemist will readily understand that couplings as shown in Method 1 can be performed under a number of conditions.
  • Method 2 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein.
  • the R 4 protected group is introduced by reaction with the acid in a coupling reaction in Step 2.
  • the oxo group is transformed to a sulfur using a sulfurizing agent in Step 3.
  • the thiazole ring is formed in the presence of an oxidant in Step 4.
  • the remaining steps 5–8 are analogous to steps 7 and 8 in Method 1 described above.
  • Method 3 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein.
  • the R 4 group of the isothiazole intermediate is deprotected and acylated in Step 1 to introduce the acrylamide moiety.
  • the R 2 moiety is then introduced in Step 2 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the isothiazole intermediate.
  • the R 2 group is deprotected in Step 3.
  • Method 4 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. After substituting a leaving group on an isothiazole intermediate with a protected R 4 group, as depicted in Step 1, the R 4 group intermediate is deprotected and acylated in Step 2 to introduce the acrylamide moiety. The R 2 moiety is introduced by a cross-coupling reaction in Step 3, as in Method 1, and the R 2 group is deprotected in Step 4.
  • Method 5 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein.
  • the R 2 moiety is first introduced by a cross-coupling with the X halide on the aromatic or heteroaromatic amide intermediate shown in Step 1.
  • the amide intermediate is then reacted with a sulfurizing agent in Step 2 to form a thioamide intermediate.
  • Oxidation of this intermediate provides the isothiazole ring in Step 3.
  • the amine group is then converted to a leaving group in Step 4 and subsequently substituted with a protected R 4 group in Step 5.
  • Step 6 the R 4 group is deprotected and reacted with an acylating agent, and then the R 2 group is deprotected.
  • Method 6 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein.
  • an isothiazole intermediate is reacted with a metalating agent to activate the X halide.
  • the R 2 group is then introduced by reacting the activated intermediate with the appropriate R 2 (protected) reagent.
  • the R 4 group is deprotected and acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety.
  • Contemplated metalating agents include, but are not limited to,
  • Method 7 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein.
  • the R 2 moiety is first introduced by a cross- coupling with the X halide on the aromatic or heteroaromatic acid intermediate shown in Step 1.
  • the acid moiety is then reacted with the appropriate R 4 (protected) reagent in the presence of an amidating agent in Step 2.
  • the carbonyl group of the acid derivative is then converted to a thiocarbonyl group in Step 3 using a sulfurizing agent.
  • the thioacid derivative is then reacted with an oxidant to form the isothiazole intermediate in Step 4.
  • the R 4 group is deprotected and acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety, and the R 2 group is deprotected.
  • Method 8 synthesis A compound of Formula (II) as disclosed herein can be synthesized as outlined in Method 8.
  • An appropriate aromatic or heteroaromatic acid is reacted with an amidating agent in Step 1 to form a primary amide intermediate.
  • the amide is then reacted with an isocyanate-forming reagent and a R 10 -substituted amine to form a urea intermediate.
  • Contemplated isocyanate-forming agents include oxalyl chloride, thionyl chloride, and phosphorus oxychloride.
  • the urea intermediate is then reacted with a cyclization agent in Step 3 to form the quinazolinedione ring shown.
  • Contemplated cyclization agents include, but are not limited to, bases such as potassium
  • Step 4 The R 2 moiety is then introduced in Step 4 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the quinazolinedione intermediate.
  • An oxo group of the quinazolinedione is then converted to a leaving group in Step 5 using an activating agent.
  • Contemplated activating agents include, but are not limited to, thionyl chloride, triflic anhydride, phosphorus oxychloride, and phosphorus pentachloride.
  • the leaving group is then replaced with an R 4 protected group to form a substituted quinazolinone, as shown in Step 6.
  • the remaining deprotection-acylation-deprotection sequence shown in Steps 7–9 are analogous to Step 8 in Method 1.
  • Method 9 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (II) as disclosed herein.
  • An oxo group of the quinazolinedione is converted to a leaving group in Step 1.
  • Step 2 involves the introduction of the R 4 (protected) group, deprotection of the R 4 group, and acylation of the free R 4 group.
  • the R 2 group is introduced in Step 3 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the quinazolinedione intermediate. Finally, the R 2 group is deprotected.
  • Method 10 synthesis A compound of Formula (V) as disclosed herein can be synthesized as outlined in Method 10. The appropriate anhydride is reacted with hydrazine to form the phthalazinedione ring as shown in Step 1. The R 2 moiety is introduced in Step 2 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 2 reagent with the X halide on the
  • phthalazinedione ring is halogenated twice.
  • Contemplated halogenating agent include thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, and oxalyl chloride.
  • One of the halogen groups is then replaced with an R 4 protected group to form a substituted phthalazine ring, as shown in Step 5.
  • the R 4 group is deprotected under appropriate conditions, depending upon the protecting group used, and the free R 4 group is then acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety.
  • the R 2 is deprotected in Step 8.
  • the R 10 moiety is introduced in Step 9 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 10 reagent with the X halide on the phthalazine intermediate.
  • Method 11 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (II) as disclosed herein.
  • An oxo group of the quinazolinedione is converted to a leaving group in Step 1.
  • the R 4 (protected) group is introduced in Step 2.
  • the R 2 group is introduced in Step 3 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R 2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the quinazolinedione intermediate.
  • the R 4 group is deprotected and subsequently acylated in Steps 4 and 5.
  • compositions for injection, administration, and routes of administration
  • compositions that includes a compound as disclosed herein, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, such as, for example, a diluent or carrier.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient such as, for example, a diluent or carrier.
  • Compounds and pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use in the present invention include those wherein the compound can be administered in an effective amount to achieve its intended purpose. Administration of the compound described in more detail below.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical formulations can be determined by the skilled artisan depending on the route of administration and the desired dosage. See, e.g., Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1435-712 (18th ed., Mack Publishing Co, Easton, Pennsylvania, 1990). Formulations may influence the physical state, stability, rate of in vivo release and rate of in vivo clearance of the administered agents. Depending on the route of
  • a suitable dose may be calculated according to body weight, body surface areas or organ size. Further refinement of the calculations necessary to determine the appropriate treatment dose is routinely made by those of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation, especially in light of the dosage information and assays disclosed herein as well as the pharmacokinetic data obtainable through animal or human clinical trials.
  • the phrases“pharmaceutically acceptable” or“pharmacologically acceptable” refer to molecular entities and compositions that do not produce adverse, allergic, or other untoward reactions when administered to an animal or a human.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable excipients includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents and the like.
  • the formulation may comprise corn syrup solids, high-oleic safflower oil, coconut oil, soy oil, L- leucine, calcium phosphate tribasic, L-tyrosine, L-proline, L-lysine acetate, DATEM (an emulsifier), L-glutamine, L-valine, potassium phosphate dibasic, L-isoleucine, L-arginine, L- alanine, glycine, L-asparagine monohydrate, L-serine, potassium citrate, L-threonine, sodium citrate, magnesium chloride, L-histidine, L-methionine, ascorbic acid, calcium carbonate, L- glutamic acid, L-cystine dihydrochloride, L-tryptophan, L-aspartic acid, choline chloride, taurine, m-inositol, ferrous sulfate, ascorbyl palmitate, zinc sulfate,
  • DATEM
  • the compound can be present in a pharmaceutical composition as a
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, for example base addition salts and acid addition salts.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts may be formed with metals or amines, such as alkali and alkaline earth metals or organic amines.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds may also be prepared with a pharmaceutically acceptable cation. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable cations are well known to those skilled in the art and include alkaline, alkaline earth, ammonium and quaternary ammonium cations. Carbonates or hydrogen carbonates are also possible. Examples of metals used as cations are sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, calcium, or ferric, and the like.
  • Suitable amines include isopropylamine, trimethylamine, histidine, N,N'- dibenzylethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, ethylenediamine, N-methylglucamine, and procaine.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts include inorganic or organic acid salts.
  • suitable acid salts include the hydrochlorides, formates, acetates, citrates, salicylates, nitrates, phosphates.
  • Other suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known to those skilled in the art and include, for example, formic, acetic, citric, oxalic, tartaric, or mandelic acids, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid; with organic carboxylic, sulfonic, sulfo or phospho acids or N-substituted sulfamic acids, for example acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), propionic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, methylmaleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, glucaric acid, glucur
  • compositions containing the compounds disclosed herein can be manufactured in a conventional manner, e.g., by conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, dragee-making, levigating, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping, or lyophilizing processes. Proper formulation is dependent upon the route of administration chosen.
  • compositions can be formulated readily by combining a compound disclosed herein with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as carriers well known in the art.
  • excipients and carriers enable the present compounds to be formulated as tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions and the like, for oral ingestion by a patient to be treated.
  • Pharmaceutical preparations for oral use can be obtained by adding a compound as disclosed herein with a solid excipient, optionally grinding a resulting mixture, and processing the mixture of granules, after adding suitable auxiliaries, if desired, to obtain tablets or dragee cores.
  • Suitable excipients include, for example, fillers and cellulose preparations.
  • disintegrating agents can be added.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients are well known for the various types of formulation and may be for example binders (e.g., natural or synthetic polymers), lubricants, surfactants, sweetening and flavoring agents, coating materials, preservatives, dyes, thickeners, adjuvants, antimicrobial agents, antioxidants and carriers for the various formulation types.
  • the composition typically is in the form of a solid (e.g., tablet, capsule, pill, powder, or troche) or a liquid formulation (e.g., aqueous suspension, solution, elixir, or syrup).
  • a solid e.g., tablet, capsule, pill, powder, or troche
  • a liquid formulation e.g., aqueous suspension, solution, elixir, or syrup.
  • the composition can additionally contain a functional solid and/or solid carrier, such as a gelatin or an adjuvant.
  • a functional solid and/or solid carrier such as a gelatin or an adjuvant.
  • the tablet, capsule, and powder can contain about 1 to about 95% compound, and preferably from about 15 to about 90% compound.
  • a functional liquid and/or a liquid carrier such as water, petroleum, or oils of animal or plant origin can be added.
  • the liquid form of the composition can further contain physiological saline solution, sugar alcohol solutions, dextrose or other saccharide solutions, or glycols.
  • the composition can contain about 0.5 to about 90% by weight of a compound disclosed herein, and preferably about 1 to about 50% of a compound disclosed herein.
  • the liquid carrier is non-aqueous or substantially non-aqueous.
  • the composition may be supplied as a rapidly-dissolving solid formulation for dissolution or suspension immediately prior to administration.
  • compositions When a therapeutically effective amount of a compound disclosed herein is administered by intravenous, cutaneous, or subcutaneous injection, the composition is in the form of a pyrogen-free, parenterally acceptable aqueous solution.
  • parenterally acceptable solutions having due regard to pH, isotonicity, stability, and the like, is within the skill in the art.
  • a preferred composition for intravenous, cutaneous, or subcutaneous injection typically contains, in addition to a compound disclosed herein, an isotonic vehicle.
  • Such compositions may be prepared for administration as solutions of free base or pharmacologically acceptable salts in water suitably mixed with a surfactant, such as hydroxypropylcellulose.
  • Dispersions also can be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations can optionally contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
  • Injectable compositions can include sterile aqueous solutions, suspensions, or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions, suspensions, or dispersions.
  • the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must resist the contaminating action of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, by optional inclusion of a preservative.
  • the carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils.
  • the carrier is non-aqueous or substantially non- aqueous.
  • the proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating, such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size of the compound in the embodiment of dispersion and by the use of surfactants.
  • the prevention of the action of microorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like.
  • Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use in the compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
  • Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by incorporating the active compounds in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various of the other ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization.
  • dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredients into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above.
  • the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum-drying and freeze- drying techniques which yield a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
  • Slow release or sustained release formulations may also be prepared in order to achieve a controlled release of the active compound in contact with the body fluids in the GI tract, and to provide a substantially constant and effective level of the active compound in the blood plasma.
  • release can be controlled by one or more of dissolution, diffusion, and ion-exchange.
  • the slow release approach may enhance absorption via saturable or limiting pathways within the GI tract.
  • the compound may be embedded for this purpose in a polymer matrix of a biological degradable polymer, a water- soluble polymer or a mixture of both, and optionally suitable surfactants. Embedding can mean in this context the incorporation of micro-particles in a matrix of polymers. Controlled release formulations are also obtained through encapsulation of dispersed micro-particles or emulsified micro-droplets via known dispersion or emulsion coating technologies.
  • compounds of the present invention are conveniently delivered in the form of an aerosol spray presentation from pressurized packs or a nebulizer, with the use of a suitable propellant.
  • the dosage unit can be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount.
  • Capsules and cartridges of, e.g., gelatin, for use in an inhaler or insufflator can be formulated containing a powder mix of the compound and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.
  • the compounds disclosed herein can be formulated for parenteral administration by injection (e.g., by bolus injection or continuous infusion).
  • Formulations for injection can be presented in unit dosage form (e.g., in ampules or in multidose containers), with an added preservative.
  • the compositions can take such forms as suspensions, solutions, or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and can contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilizing, and/or dispersing agents.
  • compositions for parenteral administration include aqueous solutions of the compounds in water-soluble form. Additionally, suspensions of the compounds can be prepared as appropriate oily injection suspensions. Suitable lipophilic solvents or vehicles include fatty oils or synthetic fatty acid esters. Aqueous injection suspensions can contain substances which increase the viscosity of the suspension.
  • the suspension also can contain suitable stabilizers or agents that increase the solubility of the compounds and allow for the preparation of highly concentrated solutions.
  • a present composition can be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle (e.g., sterile pyrogen-free water) before use.
  • Compounds disclosed herein also can be formulated in rectal compositions, such as suppositories or retention enemas (e.g., containing conventional suppository bases).
  • the compounds also can be formulated as a depot preparation.
  • Such long-acting formulations can be administered by implantation (e.g., subcutaneously or intramuscularly) or by intramuscular injection.
  • the compounds can be formulated with suitable polymeric or hydrophobic materials (for example, as an emulsion in an acceptable oil) or ion exchange resins, or as sparingly soluble derivatives, for example, as a sparingly soluble salt.
  • a compound disclosed herein can be administered orally, buccally, or sublingually in the form of tablets containing excipients, such as starch or lactose, or in capsules or ovules, either alone or in admixture with excipients, or in the form of elixirs or suspensions containing flavoring or coloring agents.
  • excipients such as starch or lactose
  • capsules or ovules either alone or in admixture with excipients, or in the form of elixirs or suspensions containing flavoring or coloring agents.
  • Such liquid preparations can be prepared with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, such as suspending agents.
  • a compound also can be injected parenterally, for example, intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intracoronarily.
  • the compound is best used in the form of a sterile aqueous solution which can contain other substances, for example, salts, or sugar alcohols, such as mannitol, or glucose, to make the solution isotonic with blood.
  • a sterile aqueous solution which can contain other substances, for example, salts, or sugar alcohols, such as mannitol, or glucose, to make the solution isotonic with blood.
  • a compound disclosed herein is administered as a suitably acceptable formulation in accordance with normal veterinary practice.
  • the veterinarian can readily determine the dosing regimen and route of administration that is most appropriate for a particular animal.
  • kits for use in the therapeutic intervention of the disease comprising a packaged set of medicaments that include the compound disclosed herein as well as buffers and other components for preparing deliverable forms of said medicaments, and/or devices for delivering such medicaments, and/or any agents that are used in combination therapy with the compound disclosed herein, and/or instructions for the treatment of the disease packaged with the medicaments.
  • the instructions may be fixed in any tangible medium, such as printed paper, or a computer readable magnetic or optical medium, or instructions to reference a remote computer data source such as a world wide web page accessible via the internet.
  • A“therapeutically effective amount” means an amount effective to treat or to prevent development of, or to alleviate the existing symptoms of, the subject being treated. Determination of the effective amounts is well within the capability of those skilled in the art, especially in light of the detailed disclosure provided herein. Generally, a“therapeutically effective dose” refers to that amount of the compound that results in achieving the desired effect.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a compound disclosed herein decreases KRAS activity by at least 5%, compared to control, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, or at least 90%.
  • the amount of compound administered can be dependent on the subject being treated, on the subject's age, health, sex, and weight, the kind of concurrent treatment (if any), severity of the affliction, the nature of the effect desired, the manner and frequency of treatment, and the judgment of the prescribing physician.
  • the frequency of dosing also can be dependent on pharmacodynamic effects on arterial oxygen pressures.
  • the most preferred dosage can be tailored to the individual subject, as is understood and determinable by one of skill in the art, without undue experimentation. This typically involves adjustment of a standard dose (e.g., reduction of the dose if the patient has a low body weight).
  • typical dosages of the compounds of the present invention can be about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 50 mg/kg/day, for example at least 0.05 mg/kg, at least 0.08 mg/kg, at least 0.1 mg/kg, at least 0.2 mg/kg, at least 0.3 mg/kg, at least 0.4 mg/kg, or at least 0.5 mg/kg, and preferably 50 mg/kg or less, 40 mg/kg or less, 30 mg/kg or less, 20 mg/kg or less, or 10 mg/kg or less, which can be about 2.5 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg x 5kg) to about 5000 mg/day (50mg/kg x 100kg), for example.
  • dosages of the compounds can be about 0.1 mg/kg/day to about 50 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 10 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 5 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 0.07 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 0.09 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 0.1 mg/kg/day, about 0.1 mg/kg/day to about 1 mg/kg/day, about 1 mg/kg/day to about 10 mg/kg/day, about 1 mg/kg/day to about 5 mg/kg/day, about 1 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 3 mg/day to about 500 mg/day, about 5 mg/day to about 250 mg/day, about 10 mg/day to about 100 mg/day, about 3 mg/day to about 10 mg/day, or about 100 mg/day to about 250 mg/day,
  • the present disclosure provides a method of inhibiting RAS-mediated cell signaling comprising contacting a cell with an effective amount of one or more compounds disclosed herein. Inhibition of RAS-mediated signal transduction can be assessed and demonstrated by a wide variety of ways known in the art.
  • Non-limiting examples include a showing of (a) a decrease in GTPase activity of RAS; (b) a decrease in GTP binding affinity or an increase in GDP binding affinity; (c) an increase in K off of GTP or a decrease in K off of GDP; (d) a decrease in the levels of signaling transduction molecules downstream in the RAS pathway, such as a decrease in pMEK, pERK, or pAKT levels; and/or (e) a decrease in binding of RAS complex to downstream signaling molecules including but not limited to Raf. Kits and commercially available assays can be utilized for determining one or more of the above.
  • the disclosure also provides methods of using the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure to treat disease conditions, including but not limited to conditions implicated by G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutation (e.g., cancer).
  • a method for treatment of cancer comprising administering an effective amount of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound as disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof.
  • the cancer is mediated by a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation.
  • the cancer is pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer or lung cancer.
  • the cancer is gall bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and bile duct cancer.
  • the disclosure provides method of treating a disorder in a subject in need thereof, wherein the said method comprises determining if the subject has a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation and if the subject is determined to have the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation, then administering to the subject a therapeutically effective dose of at least one compound as disclosed herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the disclosed compounds inhibit anchorage-independent cell growth and therefore have the potential to inhibit tumor metastasis. Accordingly, another embodiment the disclosure provides a method for inhibiting tumor metastasis, the method comprising administering an effective amount a compound disclosed herein.
  • KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutations have also been identified in
  • hematological malignancies e.g., cancers that affect blood, bone marrow and/or lymph nodes. Accordingly, certain embodiments are directed to administration of a disclosed compounds (e.g., in the form of a pharmaceutical composition) to a patient in need of treatment of a hematological malignancy.
  • a disclosed compounds e.g., in the form of a pharmaceutical composition
  • Such malignancies include, but are not limited to leukemias and lymphomas.
  • the presently disclosed compounds can be used for treatment of diseases such as Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), Acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) and/ or other leukemias.
  • ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • AML Acute myelogenous leukemia
  • CLL Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • SLL small lymphocytic lymphoma
  • CML Chronic myelogenous leukemia
  • Acute monocytic leukemia Acute monocytic leukemia
  • the compounds are useful for treatment of lymphomas such as all subtypes of Hodgkins lymphoma or non-Hodgkins lymphoma.
  • the compounds are useful for treatment of plasma cell malignancies such as multiple myeloma, mant
  • Determining whether a tumor or cancer comprises a G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutation can be undertaken by assessing the nucleotide sequence encoding the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein, by assessing the amino acid sequence of the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein, or by assessing the characteristics of a putative KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutant protein.
  • the sequence of wild-type human KRAS, HRAS or NRAS is known in the art, (e.g. Accession No. NP203524).
  • PCR-RFLP polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism
  • PCR-SSCP polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism
  • MASA mutant allele-specific PCR amplification
  • samples are evaluated for G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutations by real-time PCR.
  • real-time PCR fluorescent probes specific for the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation are used. When a mutation is present, the probe binds and fluorescence is detected.
  • the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation is identified using a direct sequencing method of specific regions (e.g., exon 2 and/or exon 3) in the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS gene. This technique will identify all possible mutations in the region sequenced.
  • Methods for detecting a mutation in a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein are known by those of skill in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to, detection of a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutant using a binding agent (e.g., an antibody) specific for the mutant protein, protein electrophoresis and Western blotting, and direct peptide sequencing.
  • a binding agent e.g., an antibody
  • Methods for determining whether a tumor or cancer comprises a G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutation can use a variety of samples.
  • the sample is taken from a subject having a tumor or cancer.
  • the sample is a fresh tumor/cancer sample.
  • the sample is a frozen tumor/cancer sample.
  • the sample is a formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded sample.
  • the sample is a circulating tumor cell (CTC) sample.
  • the sample is processed to a cell lysate.
  • the sample is processed to DNA or RNA.
  • the disclosure also relates to a method of treating a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • said method relates to the treatment of a subject who suffers from a cancer such as acute myeloid leukemia, cancer in adolescents, adrenocortical carcinoma childhood, AIDS-related cancers (e.g.
  • Lymphoma and Kaposi's Sarcoma anal cancer, appendix cancer, astrocytomas, atypical teratoid, basal cell carcinoma, bile duct cancer, bladder cancer, bone cancer, brain stem glioma, brain tumor, breast cancer, bronchial tumors, Burkitt lymphoma, carcinoid tumor, atypical teratoid, embryonal tumors, germ cell tumor, primary lymphoma, cervical cancer, childhood cancers, chordoma, cardiac tumors, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), chronic myleoproliferative disorders, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, craniopharyngioma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, extrahepatic ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), embryonal tumors, CNS cancer, endometrial cancer, ependymoma, esophageal cancer, esthesioneuroblastoma,
  • myeloma/plasma cell neoplasm mycosis fungoides, myelodysplastic syndromes, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, multiple myeloma, merkel cell carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone and osteosarcoma, nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, neuroblastoma, non-hodgkin lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), oral cancer, lip and oral cavity cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, papillomatosis, paraganglioma, paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer, parathyroid cancer, penile cancer, pharyngeal cancer, pleuropulmonary blastoma, primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, transitional cell cancer, reti
  • said method relates to the treatment of a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e. g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e. g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e. g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e. g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
  • the methods for treatment are directed to treating lung cancers, the methods comprise administering an effective amount of any of the above described compound (or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same) to a subject in need thereof.
  • the lung cancer is a non- small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), for example adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell lung carcinoma or large-cell lung carcinoma.
  • the lung cancer is a small cell lung carcinoma.
  • Other lung cancers treatable with the disclosed compounds include, but are not limited to, glandular tumors, carcinoid tumors and undifferentiated carcinomas.
  • the disclosure further provides methods of modulating a G12C Mutant KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein activity by contacting the protein with an effective amount of a compound of the disclosure. Modulation can be inhibiting or activating protein activity. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting protein activity by contacting the G12C Mutant KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein with an effective amount of a compound of the disclosure in solution. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting the G12C Mutant KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein activity by contacting a cell, tissue, or organ that expresses the protein of interest.
  • the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting protein activity in subject including but not limited to rodents and mammal (e.g., human) by administering into the subject an effective amount of a compound of the disclosure.
  • the percentage modulation exceeds 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.
  • the percentage of inhibiting exceeds 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.
  • the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a cell by contacting said cell with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said cell. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a tissue by contacting said tissue with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said tissue.
  • the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in an organism by contacting said organism with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said organism. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in an animal by contacting said animal with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said animal.
  • the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a mammal by contacting said mammal with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said mammal. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a human by contacting said human with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said human. The present disclosure provides methods of treating a disease mediated by KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a subject in need of such treatment.
  • the present disclosure also provides methods for combination therapies in which an agent known to modulate other pathways, or other components of the same pathway, or even overlapping sets of target enzymes are used in combination with a compound of the present disclosure, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • such therapy includes but is not limited to the combination of one or more compounds of the disclosure with chemotherapeutic agents, therapeutic antibodies, and radiation treatment, to provide a synergistic or additive therapeutic effect.
  • chemotherapeutic is selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti- hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens.
  • Non-limiting examples are chemotherapeutic agents, cytotoxic agents, and non-peptide small molecules such as Gleevec® (Imatinib Mesylate), Kyprolis® (carfilzomib), Velcade® (bortezomib), Casodex (bicalutamide), Iressa® (gefitinib), and Adriamycin as well as a host of chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Non- limiting examples of chemotherapeutic agents include alkylating agents such as thiotepa and cyclosphosphamide (CYTOXANTM); alkyl sulfonates such as busulfan, improsulfan and piposulfan; aziridines such as benzodopa, carboquone, meturedopa, and uredopa;
  • ethylenimines and methylamelamines including altretamine, triethylenemelamine, trietylenephosphoramide, triethylenethiophosphaoramide and trimethylolomelamine; nitrogen mustards such as chlorambucil, chlornaphazine, cholophosphamide, estramustine, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, mechlorethamine oxide hydrochloride, melphalan, novembichin, phenesterine, prednimustine, trofosfamide, uracil mustard; nitrosureas such as carmustine, chlorozotocin, fotemustine, lomustine, nimustine, ranimustine; antibiotics such as aclacinomysins, actinomycin, authramycin, azaserine, bleomycins, cactinomycin, calicheamicin, carabicin, carminomycin, carzinophilin, CasodexTM,
  • lonidamine mitoguazone; mitoxantrone; mopidamol; nitracrine; pentostatin; phenamet; pirarubicin; podophyllinic acid; 2-ethylhydrazide; procarbazine; PSK; razoxane; sizofiran; spirogermanium; tenuazonic acid; triaziquone; 2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine; urethan;
  • vindesine dacarbazine; mannomustine; mitobronitol; mitolactol; pipobroman; gacytosine; arabinoside (“Ara-C”); cyclophosphamide; thiotepa; taxanes, e.g. paclitaxel and docetaxel; retinoic acid; esperamicins; capecitabine; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, acids or derivatives of any of the above.
  • chemotherapeutic cell conditioners include anti-hormonal agents that act to regulate or inhibit hormone action on tumors such as anti-estrogens including for example tamoxifen, (NolvadexTM), raloxifene, aromatase inhibiting 4(5)- imidazoles, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, trioxifene, keoxifene, LY 117018, onapristone, and toremifene (Fareston); and anti-androgens such as flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide, leuprolide, and goserelin; chlorambucil; gemcitabine; 6-thioguanine; mercaptopurine;
  • anti-estrogens including for example tamoxifen, (NolvadexTM), raloxifene, aromatase inhibiting 4(5)- imidazoles, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, trioxifene, keoxifene, LY 117018
  • methotrexate platinum analogs such as cisplatin and carboplatin; vinblastine; platinum; etoposide (VP-16); ifosfamide; mitomycin C; mitoxantrone; vincristine; vinorelbine;
  • navelbine novantrone; teniposide; daunomycin; aminopterin; xeloda; ibandronate;
  • camptothecin-11 CPT-11
  • topoisomerase inhibitor RFS 2000 topoisomerase inhibitor
  • DMFO difluoromethylornithine
  • the compounds or pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure can be used in combination with commonly prescribed anti-cancer drugs such as Herceptin®, Avastin®, Erbitux®, Rituxan®, Taxol®, Arimidex®, Taxotere®, ABVD, AVICINE, Abagovomab, Acridine carboxamide, Adecatumumab, 17-N-Allylamino-17- demethoxygeldanamycin, Alpharadin, Alvocidib, 3-Aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, Amonafide, Anthracenedione, Anti-CD22 immunotoxins, Antineoplastic, Antitumorigenic herbs, Apaziquone, Atiprimod, Azathioprine, Belotecan, Bendamustine, BIBW 2992, Biricodar, Brostallicin, Bryostatin, Buthionine sulfoximine, CBV (chemotherapy),
  • This disclosure further relates to a method for using the compounds or
  • compositions provided herein in combination with radiation therapy for inhibiting abnormal cell growth or treating the hyperproliferative disorder in the mammal.
  • Techniques for administering radiation therapy are known in the art, and these techniques can be used in the combination therapy described herein.
  • the administration of the compound of the disclosure in this combination therapy can be determined as described herein.
  • Radiation therapy can be administered through one of several methods, or a combination of methods, including without limitation external-beam therapy, internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery, systemic radiation therapy, radiotherapy and permanent or temporary interstitial brachytherapy.
  • external-beam therapy including without limitation external-beam therapy, internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery, systemic radiation therapy, radiotherapy and permanent or temporary interstitial brachytherapy.
  • brachytherapy refers to radiation therapy delivered by a spatially confined radioactive material inserted into the body at or near a tumor or other proliferative tissue disease site.
  • the term is intended without limitation to include exposure to radioactive isotopes (e.g. At-211, I-131, I-125, Y-90, Re-186, Re-188, Sm- 153, Bi-212, P-32, and radioactive isotopes of Lu).
  • Suitable radiation sources for use as a cell conditioner of the present disclosure include both solids and liquids.
  • the radiation source can be a radionuclide, such as I-125, I-131, Yb-169, Ir-192 as a solid source, I-125 as a solid source, or other radionuclides that emit photons, beta particles, gamma radiation, or other therapeutic rays.
  • the radioactive material can also be a fluid made from any solution of radionuclide(s), e.g., a solution of I-125 or I-131, or a radioactive fluid can be produced using a slurry of a suitable fluid containing small particles of solid radionuclides, such as Au-198, Y-90.
  • the radionuclide(s) can be embodied in a gel or radioactive micro spheres.
  • the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure can be used in combination with an amount of one or more substances selected from anti- angiogenesis agents, signal transduction inhibitors, antiproliferative agents, glycolysis inhibitors, or autophagy inhibitors.
  • Anti-angiogenesis agents such as MMP-2 (matrix-metalloproteinase 2) inhibitors, MMP-9 (matrix-metalloprotienase 9) inhibitors, and COX-11 (cyclooxygenase 11) inhibitors, can be used in conjunction with a compound of the disclosure and pharmaceutical compositions described herein.
  • Anti-angiogenesis agents include, for example, rapamycin, temsirolimus (CCI-779), everolimus (RAD001), sorafenib, sunitinib, and bevacizumab.
  • Examples of useful COX-II inhibitors include alecoxib, valdecoxib, and rofecoxib.
  • MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitors are those that have little or no activity inhibiting MMP-1. More preferred, are those that selectively inhibit MMP-2 and/or AMP-9 relative to the other matrix- metalloproteinases (i. e., MAP-1, MMP- 3, MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6, MMP- 7, MMP- 8, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, andMMP- 13).
  • MMP inhibitors useful in the disclosure are AG-3340, RO 32-3555, and RS 13-0830.
  • the present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with other anti-neoplastic agents, such as acemannan, aclarubicin, aldesleukin, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, altretamine, amifostine, aminolevulinic acid, amrubicin, amsacrine, anagrelide, anastrozole, ANCER, ancestim, ARGLABIN, arsenic trioxide, BAM 002 (Novelos), bexarotene, bicalutamide, broxuridine, capecitabine, celmoleukin, cetrorelix, cladribine, clotrimazole, cytarabine ocfosfate, DA 3030 (Dong-A), daclizumab, denileukin diftitox, deslorelin, dexrazoxane, dilazep, docetaxel, docosanol
  • interferon alfa interferon alfa, natural, interferon alfa-2, interferon alfa-2a, interferon alfa-2b, interferon alfa-N1, interferon alfa- n3 , interferon alfacon-1, interferon alpha, natural, interferon beta, interferon beta-1a, interferon beta-1b, interferon gamma, natural interferon gamma-1a, interferon gamma-1b, interleukin-1 beta, iobenguane, irinotecan, irsogladine, lanreotide, LC 9018 (Yakult), leflunomide, lenograstim, lentinan sulfate, letrozole, leukocyte alpha interferon, leuprorelin, levamisole + fluorouracil, liarozole, lobaplatin, lonidamine,
  • the compounds of the invention may further be used with VEGFR inhibitors.
  • Other compounds described in the following patents and patent applications can be used in combination therapy: US 6,258,812, US 2003/0105091, WO 01/37820, US 6,235,764, WO 01/32651, US 6,630,500, US 6,515,004, US 6,713,485, US 5,521,184, US 5,770,599, US 5,747,498, WO 02/68406, WO 02/66470, WO 02/55501, WO 04/05279, WO 04/07481, WO 04/07458, WO 04/09784, WO 02/59110, WO 99/45009, WO 00/59509, WO 99/61422, US 5,990,141, WO 00/12089, and WO 00/02871.
  • the combination comprises a composition of the present invention in combination with at least one anti-angiogenic agent.
  • Agents are inclusive of, but not limited to, in vitro synthetically prepared chemical compositions, antibodies, antigen binding regions, radionuclides, and combinations and conjugates thereof.
  • An agent can be an agonist, antagonist, allosteric modulator, toxin or, more generally, may act to inhibit or stimulate its target (e.g., receptor or enzyme activation or inhibition), and thereby promote cell death or arrest cell growth.
  • anti-angiogenic agents include ERBITUXTM (IMC-C225), KDR (kinase domain receptor) inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies and antigen binding regions that specifically bind to the kinase domain receptor), anti-VEGF agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind VEGF, or soluble VEGF receptors or a ligand binding region thereof) such as AVASTINTM or VEGF-TRAPTM, and anti-VEGF receptor agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto), EGFR inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto) such as Vectibix (panitumumab), IRESSATM (gefitinib), TARCEVATM (erlotinib), anti-Ang1 and anti-Ang2 agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding thereto or to their receptors, e.g., Tie2/Tek
  • compositions of the present invention can also include one or more agents (e.g., antibodies, antigen binding regions, or soluble receptors) that specifically bind and inhibit the activity of growth factors, such as antagonists of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as Scatter Factor), and antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind its receptor "c-met".
  • agents e.g., antibodies, antigen binding regions, or soluble receptors
  • HGF hepatocyte growth factor
  • c-met antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind its receptor "c-met”.
  • anti-angiogenic agents include Campath, IL-8, B-FGF, Tek antagonists (Ceretti et al., U.S. Publication No.2003/0162712; U.S. Patent No.6,413,932), anti-TWEAK agents (e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions, or soluble TWEAK receptor antagonists; see, Wiley, U.S. Patent No.6,727,225), ADAM distintegrin domain to antagonize the binding of integrin to its ligands (Fanslow et al., U.S. Publication No.
  • anti-eph receptor and/or anti-ephrin antibodies or antigen binding regions U.S. Patent Nos.5,981,245; 5,728,813; 5,969,110; 6,596,852; 6,232,447; 6,057,124 and patent family members thereof
  • anti-PDGF-BB antagonists e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions
  • PDGFR kinase inhibitory agents e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto.
  • Additional anti-angiogenic/anti-tumor agents include: SD-7784 (Pfizer, USA); cilengitide.(Merck KGaA, Germany, EPO 770622); pegaptanib octasodium, (Gilead Sciences, USA); Alphastatin, (BioActa, UK); M-PGA, (Celgene, USA, US 5712291);
  • ilomastat (Arriva, USA, US 5892112); emaxanib, (Pfizer, USA, US 5792783); vatalanib, (Novartis, Switzerland); 2-methoxyestradiol, (EntreMed, USA); TLC ELL-12, (Elan, Ireland); anecortave acetate, (Alcon, USA); alpha-D148 Mab, (Amgen, USA); CEP- 7055,(Cephalon, USA); anti-Vn Mab, (Crucell, Netherlands) DAC:antiangiogenic,
  • fibrinogen-E fragment (BioActa, UK); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Trigen, UK); TBC-1635, (Encysive Pharmaceuticals, USA); SC-236, (Pfizer, USA); ABT-567, (Abbott, USA);
  • Metastatin (EntreMed, USA); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Tripep, Sweden); maspin, (Sosei, Japan); 2-methoxyestradiol, (Oncology Sciences Corporation, USA); ER-68203-00, (IVAX, USA); Benefin, (Lane Labs, USA); Tz-93, (Tsumura, Japan); TAN-1120, (Takeda, Japan); FR-111142, (Fujisawa, Japan, JP 02233610); platelet factor 4, (RepliGen, USA, EP 407122); vascular endothelial growth factor antagonist, (Borean, Denmark); bevacizumab (pINN), (Genentech, USA); angiogenesis inhibitors, (SUGEN, USA); XL 784, (Exelixis, USA); XL 647, (Exelixis, USA); MAb, alpha5beta3 integrin, second generation, (Applied Molecular Evolution, USA and MedImmune, USA); gene therapy,
  • ANGIOSTATIN (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); 2-methoxyestradiol, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); ZD 6474, (AstraZeneca, UK); ZD 6126, (Angiogene Pharmaceuticals, UK); PPI 2458, (Praecis, USA); AZD 9935, (AstraZeneca, UK); AZD 2171, (AstraZeneca, UK); vatalanib (pINN), (Novartis, Switzerland and Schering AG, Germany); tissue factor pathway inhibitors, (EntreMed, USA); pegaptanib (Pinn), (Gilead Sciences, USA); xanthorrhizol, (Yonsei University, South Korea); vaccine, gene-based, VEGF-2, (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, USA); SPV5.2, (Supratek, Canada); SDX 103, (University of California at San Diego, USA); PX 478, (ProlX, USA); METAST
  • chondroitinase AC (IBEX, Canada); BAY RES 2690, (Bayer, Germany); AGM 1470, (Harvard University, USA, Takeda, Japan, and TAP, USA); AG 13925, (Agouron, USA); Tetrathiomolybdate, (University of Michigan, USA); GCS 100, (Wayne State University, USA) CV 247, (Ivy Medical, UK); CKD 732, (Chong Kun Dang, South Korea); MAb, vascular endothelium growth factor, (Xenova, UK); irsogladine (INN), (Nippon Shinyaku, Japan); RG 13577, (Aventis, France); WX 360, (Wilex, Germany); squalamine (pINN), (Genaera, USA); RPI 4610, (Sirna, USA); cancer therapy, (Marinova, Australia); heparanase inhibitors, (InSight, Israel); KL 3106, (Ko
  • Autophagy inhibitors include, but are not limited to chloroquine, 3- methyladenine, hydroxychloroquine (PlaquenilTM), bafilomycin A1, 5-amino-4- imidazole carboxamide riboside (AICAR), okadaic acid, autophagy-suppressive algal toxins which inhibit protein phosphatases of type 2A or type 1, analogues of cAMP, and drugs which elevate cAMP levels such as adenosine, LY204002, N6-mercaptopurine riboside, and vinblastine.
  • antisense or siRNA that inhibits expression of proteins including but not limited to ATG5 (which are implicated in autophagy), may also be used.
  • Additional pharmaceutically active compounds/agents that can be used in the treatment of cancers and that can be used in combination with one or more compound of the present invention include: epoetin alfa; darbepoetin alfa; panitumumab; pegfilgrastim;
  • composition provided herein is conjointly administered with a chemotherapeutic agent.
  • Suitable chemotherapeutic agents may include, natural products such as vinca alkaloids (e.g., vinblastine, vincristine, and vinorelbine), paclitaxel, epidipodophyllotoxins (e.g., etoposide and teniposide), antibiotics (e.g., dactinomycin (actinomycin D), daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and idarubicin), anthracyclines, mitoxantrone, bleomycins, plicamycin (mithramycin), mitomycin, enzymes (e.g., L-asparaginase which systemically metabolizes L-asparagine and deprives cells which do not have the capacity to synthesize their own asparagine), antiplatelet agents, antiproliferative/antimitotic alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustards (e.g., mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide and analogs
  • CDK inhibitors e.g., seliciclib, UCN-01, P1446A-05, PD-0332991, dinaciclib, P27-00, AT-7519, RGB286638, and SCH727965
  • alkyl sulfonates e.g., busulfan
  • nitrosoureas e.g., carmustine (BCNU) and analogs, and streptozocin
  • DTIC antiproliferative/antimitotic antimetabolites
  • folic acid analogs e.g., methotrexate
  • pyrimidine analogs e.g., fluorouracil, floxuridine, and cytarabine
  • purine analogs and related inhibitors e.g., mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin and 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine
  • aromata e.g., aromata
  • chemotherapeutic agents may include mechlorethamine, camptothecin, ifosfamide, tamoxifen, raloxifene, gemcitabine, navelbine, sorafenib, or any analog or derivative variant of the foregoing.
  • the compounds of the present invention may also be used in combination with radiation therapy, hormone therapy, surgery and immunotherapy, which therapies are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a pharmaceutical composition provided herein is conjointly administered with a steroid.
  • Suitable steroids may include, but are not limited to, 21-acetoxypregnenolone, alclometasone, algestone, amcinonide, beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide, chloroprednisone, clobetasol, clocortolone, cloprednol, corticosterone, cortisone, cortivazol, deflazacort, desonide, desoximetasone, dexamethasone, diflorasone, diflucortolone, difuprednate, enoxolone, fluazacort, flucloronide, flumethasone, flunisolide, fluocinolone acetonide, fluocinonide, fluocortin butyl, fluocortolone,
  • fluorometholone fluperolone acetate, fluprednidene acetate, fluprednisolone, flurandrenolide, fluticasone propionate, formocortal, halcinonide, halobetasol propionate, halometasone, hydrocortisone, loteprednol etabonate, mazipredone, medrysone, meprednisone,
  • the compounds of the present invention can also be used in combination with additional pharmaceutically active agents that treat nausea.
  • agents that can be used to treat nausea include: dronabinol; granisetron; metoclopramide; ondansetron; and prochlorperazine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure can also be used in combination with an amount of one or more substances selected from EGFR inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, AKT inhibitors, TOR inhibitors, and immune therapies, including anti-PD-1, anti-PDL-1, anti-CTLA4, anti-LAG1, and anti-OX40 agents, GITR agonists, CAR-T cells, and BiTEs.
  • substances selected from EGFR inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, AKT inhibitors, TOR inhibitors, and immune therapies, including anti-PD-1, anti-PDL-1, anti-CTLA4, anti-LAG1, and anti-OX40 agents, GITR agonists, CAR-T cells, and BiTEs.
  • EGFR inhibitors include, but are not limited to, small molecule antagonists, antibody inhibitors, or specific antisense nucleotide or siRNA.
  • Useful antibody inhibitors of EGFR include cetuximab (Erbitux), panitumumab (Vectibix), zalutumumab, nimotuzumab, and matuzumab.
  • Small molecule antagonists of EGFR include gefitinib, erlotinib (Tarceva), and most recently, lapatinib (TykerB). See e.g., Yan L, et.
  • Non-limiting examples of small molecule EGFR inhibitors include any of the EGFR inhibitors described in the following patent publications, and all pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates of said EGFR inhibitors: European Patent Application EP 520722, published Dec.30, 1992; European Patent Application EP 566226, published Oct. 20, 1993; PCT International Publication WO 96/33980, published Oct.31, 1996; U.S. Pat. No.5,747,498, issued May 5, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 96/30347, published Oct.3, 1996; European Patent Application EP 787772, published Aug.6, 1997; PCT
  • Antibody-based EGFR inhibitors include any anti-EGFR antibody or antibody fragment that can partially or completely block EGFR activation by its natural ligand.
  • Non- limiting examples of antibody-based EGFR inhibitors include those described in Modjtahedi, H., et al., 1993, Br. J. Cancer 67:247-253; Teramoto, T., et al., 1996, Cancer 77:639-645; Goldstein et al., 1995, Clin. Cancer Res.1:1311-1318; Huang, S. M., et al., 1999, Cancer Res.15:59(8):1935-40; and Yang, X., et al., 1999, Cancer Res.59:1236-1243.
  • the EGFR inhibitor can be monoclonal antibody Mab E7.6.3 (Yang, 1999 supra), or Mab C225 (ATCC Accession No. HB-8508), or an antibody or antibody fragment having the binding specificity thereof.
  • MEK inhibitors include, but are not limited to, CI-1040, AZD6244, PD318088, PD98059, PD334581, RDEA119, ARRY-142886, ARRY-438162, and PD-325901.
  • PI3K inhibitors include, but are not limited to, wortmannin, 17-hydroxywortmannin analogs described in WO 06/044453, 4-[2-(1H-Indazol-4-yl)-6-[[4- (methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]morpholine (also known as GDC 0941 and described in PCT Publication Nos.
  • LY294002 (2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8- phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one available from Axon Medchem), PI 103 hydrochloride (3-[4- (4-morpholinylpyrido-[3′,2′:4,5]furo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]phenol hydrochloride available from Axon Medchem), PIK 75 (N′-[(1E)-(6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)methylene]- N,2-dimethyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfono-hydrazide hydrochloride available from Axon Medchem), PIK 90 (N-(7,8-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydro-imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-5-yl)- nicotinamide available from Axon Medchem), GDC-0941 bismesylate (2-(1
  • TGX-221 (7-Methyl-2-(4-morpholinyl)-9-[1-(phenylamino)ethyl]-4H- pyrido-[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one available from Axon Medchem), XL-765, and XL-147.
  • PI3K inhibitors include demethoxyviridin, perifosine, CAL101, PX-866, BEZ235, SF1126, INK1117, IPI-145, BKM120, XL147, XL765, Palomid 529, GSK1059615, ZSTK474, PWT33597, IC87114, TG100-115, CAL263, PI-103, GNE-477, CUDC-907, and AEZS-136.
  • AKT inhibitors include, but are not limited to, Akt-1-1 (inhibits Akt1) (Barnett et al. (2005) Biochem. J., 385 (Pt.2), 399-408); Akt-1-1,2 (inhibits Ak1 and 2) (Barnett et al. (2005) Biochem. J.385 (Pt.2), 399-408); API-59CJ-Ome (e.g., Jin et al. (2004) Br. J. Cancer 91, 1808-12); 1-H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridinyl compounds (e.g., WO05011700); indole-3- carbinol and derivatives thereof (e.g., U.S. Pat.
  • TOR inhibitors include, but are not limited to, inhibitors include AP-23573, CCI- 779, everolimus, RAD-001, rapamycin, temsirolimus, ATP-competitive TORC1/TORC2 inhibitors, including PI-103, PP242, PP30 and Torin 1.
  • Other TOR inhibitors in FKBP12 enhancer include rapamycins and derivatives thereof, including: CCI-779 (temsirolimus), RAD001 (Everolimus; WO 9409010) and AP23573; rapalogs, e.g. as disclosed in WO 98/02441 and WO 01/14387, e.g.
  • AP23573, AP23464, or AP23841 40-(2-hydroxyethyl)rapamycin, 40-[3- hydroxy(hydroxymethyl)methylpropanoate]-rapamycin (also called CC1779), 40-epi- (tetrazolyt)-rapamycin (also called ABT578), 32-deoxorapamycin, 16-pentynyloxy-32(S)- dihydrorapanycin, and other derivatives disclosed in WO 05005434; derivatives disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,258,389, WO 94/090101, WO 92/05179, U.S. Pat. No.5,118,677, U.S. Pat.
  • Immune therapies include, but are not limited to, anti-PD-1 agents, anti-PDL-1 agents, anti-CTLA-4 agents, anti-LAG1 agents, and anti-OX40 agents.
  • Exemplary anti-PD-1 antibodies and methods for their use are described by Goldberg et al., Blood 110(1):186-192 (2007), Thompson et al., Clin. Cancer Res.13(6):1757-1761 (2007), and Korman et al., International Application No. PCT/JP2006/309606 (publication no. WO 2006/121168 A1), each of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein. include: YervoyTM
  • GITR agonists include, but are not limited to, GITR fusion proteins and anti-GITR antibodies (e.g., bivalent anti-GITR antibodies), such as, a GITR fusion protein described in U.S. Pat. No.6,111,090box.c, European Patent No.: 090505B1, U.S. Pat. No.8,586,023, PCT Publication Nos.: WO 2010/003118 and 2011/090754, or an anti-GITR antibody described, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 7,025,962, European Patent No.: 1947183B1, U.S. Pat. No. 7,812,135, U.S. Pat. No. 8,388,967, U.S. Pat. No.
  • the compounds described herein can be used in combination with the agents disclosed herein or other suitable agents, depending on the condition being treated. Hence, in some embodiments the one or more compounds of the disclosure will be co-administered with other agents as described above.
  • the compounds described herein are administered with the second agent simultaneously or separately.
  • This administration in combination can include simultaneous administration of the two agents in the same dosage form, simultaneous administration in separate dosage forms, and separate administration. That is, a compound described herein and any of the agents described above can be formulated together in the same dosage form and administered simultaneously.
  • a compound of the disclosure and any of the agents described above can be simultaneously administered, wherein both the agents are present in separate formulations.
  • a compound of the present disclosure can be administered just followed by and any of the agents described above, or vice versa.
  • a compound of the disclosure and any of the agents described above are administered a few minutes apart, or a few hours apart, or a few days apart.
  • kits comprises two separate pharmaceutical compositions: a compound of the present invention, and a second pharmaceutical compound.
  • the kit comprises a container for containing the separate compositions such as a divided bottle or a divided foil packet. Additional examples of containers include syringes, boxes, and bags.
  • the kit comprises directions for the use of the separate components.
  • the kit form is particularly advantageous when the separate components are preferably administered in different dosage forms (e.g., oral and parenteral), are administered at different dosage intervals, or when titration of the individual components of the combination is desired by the prescribing health care professional.
  • Example 1-1 1-(4-(6-(2-bromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
  • Step 1 2-Amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzoic acid (Intermediate A).
  • a mixture of 2-amino-4-bromo-3-fluorobenzoic acid (3.91 g, 16.71 mmol, Apollo Scientific Ltd., Stockport, UK) and N-chlorosuccinimide (1.36 mL, 16.7 mmol) in N,N- dimethylformamide (33 mL) was stirred at 70 °C for 20 h.
  • the reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to rt, ice water (40 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h.
  • Step 2 2-Amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzamide (Intermediate B). Ammonium chloride (1.10 g, 20.6 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (5.13 mL, 29.5 mmol) were sequentially added to a mixture of 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzoic acid (Intermediate A, 3.96 g, 14.7 mmol) and TBTU (4.97 g, 15.5 mmol, Advanced ChemTech, Louisville, KY, USA) in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 mL), and the resulting was stirred at rt for 30 min.
  • Step 3 2-Amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzothioamide Lawesson's reagent (2.81 g, 6.95 mmol) was added to 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzamide
  • Step 4 6-Bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-amine Hydrogen peroxide (30% by wt. in water, 2.93 mL, 28.7 mmol) was added dropwise to an ice-cooled solution of 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzothioamide (2.71 g, 9.55 mmol) in pyridine (32 mL), and the resulting mixture was subsequently allowed to warm to rt and stir for 24 h.
  • Step 5 6-Bromo-3,5-dichloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate C)To an ice-cooled mixture of 6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-amine (2.47 g, 8.78 mmol), water (12 mL), and concentrated hydrochloric acid (37 wt%, 12 mL, 395 mmol) was slowly added a solution of sodium nitrite (0.788 g, 11.4 mmol) in water (2.0 mL).
  • Step 6 tert-Butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D)A mixture of 6-bromo-3,5-dichloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate C, 150 mg, 0.497 mmol) and 1-Boc-piperazine (204 mg, 1.09 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (2.0 mL) was stirred at rt for 20 h.
  • reaction mixture was then adsorbed onto silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0– 20% EtOAc in heptane) to provide tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • 1 H NMR 400 MHz,
  • Step 7 tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
  • a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6- bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 111 mg, 0.247 mmol), 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzene boronic acid (0.114 mL, 0.494 mmol), sodium carbonate (0.041 mL, 0.988 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (14.3 mg, 0.012 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.6 mL) and water (0.4 mL) was heated at 90 °C for 21 h.
  • reaction mixture then concentrated in vacuo, adsorbed onto silica gel, and purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0–20% (3:1) EtOAc/EtOH in heptane) to furnish tert- butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine- 1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 558.1 (M+H) + .
  • Step 8 1-(4-(6-(2-bromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one Hydrogen chloride (4M in 1,4-dioxane, 2.0 mL, 8.0 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5- methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (107 mg, 0.192 mmol) and methanol (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h.
  • Hydrogen chloride (4M in 1,4-dioxane, 2.0 mL, 8.0 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5- methoxyphenyl)-5-
  • Example 2-1 1-(4-(5-chloro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
  • Step 1 2-Amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinic acid.
  • N-Chlorosuccinimide (2.78 g, 20.8 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-amino-6-bromonicotinic acid (4.51 g, 20.8 mmol, Ark Pharm Inc. Arlington Heights, IL, USA) in DMF (75 mL), and the resulting mixture was heated at 70 °C for 2.5 h. Heating was then stopped, and stirring was continued for 16 h. The reaction mixture was subsequently poured into ice water. After the ice had melted, the resulting slurry was filtered through a fritted glass funnel.
  • Step 2 tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinoyl)piperazine-1- carboxylate.
  • 2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinic acid (1.12 g, 4.5 mmol) in DMF (14 mL) was added TBTU (1.93 g, 6.0 mmol). After 5 min, the reaction was sequentially treated with 1-Boc-piperazine (912 mg, 4.9 mmol) and DIPEA (2.33 mL, 13.4 mmol).
  • Step 3 tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloropyridine-3- carbonothioyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. Lawesson’s reagent (353 mg, 0.87 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinoyl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (610 mg, 1.45 mmol) in THF (7.5 mL), and the resulting solution was stirred as 50 °C for 2.5 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to rt and sequentially treated with water (10 mL) and aqueous 1 N HCl (4 mL).
  • Step 4 tert-Butyl 4-(5,6-dichloroisothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate.
  • NCS 116 mg, 0.87 mmol
  • tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-6- bromo-5-chloropyridine-3-carbonothioyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate 343 mg, 0.79 mmol
  • THF 8 mL
  • Step 5 tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 6 5-Chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1- yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine.
  • Trifluoroacetic acid (560 ⁇ L, 7.6 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (155 mg, 0.30 mmol) in DCM (6 mL), and the resulting solution was stirred at rt for 2.3 h, then concentrated in vacuo.
  • Step 7 1-(4-(5-Chloro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • TFA salt 5-chloro-6-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (TFA salt; 100 mg, 0.19 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was sequentially added DIPEA (100 ⁇ L, 0.57 mmol) and acryloyl chloride (23 ⁇ L, 0.29 mmol).
  • Step 8 1-(4-(5-Chloro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Example 3-1 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
  • Step 1 1-(4-(6-Bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • 0.2 M acryloyl chloride in DCM (1.240 mL, 0.248 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled solution of 6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluoro-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate D, 87 mg, 0.248 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.129 mL, 0.744 mmol) in dichloromethane (2.3 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min.
  • Step 2 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate E).
  • Step 3 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h and then heated at 50 °C for 22 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was added to ice water (10 mL), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water. The collected solid was adsorbed onto silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–3% MeOH in DCM) to furnish 1-(4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Example 4-1 1-(6-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 6-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptane-2-carboxylate.
  • Step 2 1-(6-(6-Bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 3 1-(6-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 4 1-(6-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • reaction mixture was then added to saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was extracted with (2:1) DCM:MeOH (10 mL). The organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • Example 5-1 N-(1-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3- yl)-3-azetidinyl)-N-methyl-2-propenamide
  • Step 1 2-Amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzamide.
  • Step 2 2-Amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzothioamide.
  • 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzamide (2.11 g, 6.12 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (41 mL) was added Lawesson's reagent (1.49 mL, 3.67 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h.
  • reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (60 mL) and sequentially washed with 2 M HCl (60 mL), saturated aqueous NaHCO 3 (60 mL), and brine (60 mL).
  • the organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • the residue was sonicated in DCM (5 mL), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with DCM, and dried in vacuo provide 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzothioamide.
  • Step 3 5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- amine.
  • Hydrogen peroxide solution (30% in water, 2.2 mL, 21.3 mmol) was slowly added to an ice-cooled solution of 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzothioamide (1.92 g, 5.33 mmol) in pyridine (18 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to rt and stir at rt for 18 h.
  • Step 4 3,5-Dichloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazole.
  • 5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-amine (1.55 g, 4.31 mmol) was added portion-wise over 15 min to a suspension of copper (II) chloride (0.870 g, 6.47 mmol) and tert-butyl nitrite (0.77 mL, 6.47 mmol) in acetonitrile (43 mL) at 65 °C.
  • Step 5 tert-Butyl (1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)azetidin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate.
  • Step 6 N-(1-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-azetidinyl)-N-methyl-2-propenamide.
  • Example 6-1 1-(4-(6-(6-Amino-3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 2 tert-Butyl 4-(6-(6-amino-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(6-(6-Amino-3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Example 7-1 1-((3R)-4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
  • Step 1 2-Amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzoic acid. Prepared from Intermediate A using a procedure analogous to that described in Method 1, Step 7: m/z (ESI, +ve) 346.0 (M+H) + .
  • Step 2 tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzoyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 3 tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)phenylcarbonothioyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Lawesson's reagent (0.041 mL, 0.10 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3- fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzoyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.095 g, 0.168 mmol) in THF (4 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 18 h.
  • reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0–30% EtOAc/heptane) to give tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)phenylcarbonothioyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 602.2 (M+Na) + .
  • Step 4 tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • NBS 0.022 g, 0.17 mmol
  • Step 5 1-((3R)-4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
  • Example 8-1 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone
  • Step 1 4-Bromo-5-chloro-2-fluorobenzamide.
  • a mixture of 4-bromo-5-chloro- 2-fluorobenzoic acid (23.3 g, 92 mmol) in thionyl chloride (67 mL, 0.92 mol) was stirred at 70 °C under a reflux condenser for 1 h.
  • the reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was taken up in 1,4-dioxane (200 mL), treated with ammonium hydroxide (30% aqueous, 82 mL, 0.64 mol), and stirred at rt for 15 min.
  • the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give 4-bromo-5-chloro-2-fluorobenzamide: m/z (ESI, +ve) 251.8 (M+H) + .
  • Step 2 4-Bromo-5-chloro-2-fluoro-N-((2- isopropylphenyl)carbamoyl)benzamide.
  • a mixture of 4-bromo-5-chloro-2- fluorobenzamide (5.90 g, 23.4 mmol) and oxalyl chloride (1 M in DCM; 12.9 mL, 25.7 mmol) in DCE (100 mL) was stirred under a reflux condenser at 80 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled to rt and 2-isopropylaniline (6.62 mL, 46.7 mmol) was added.
  • Step 3 7-Bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Intermediate F).
  • KHMDS (1 M in THF, 8.30 mL, 8.30 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4- bromo-5-chloro-2-fluoro-N-((2-isopropylphenyl)carbamoyl)benzamide (1.56 g, 3.77 mmol) in THF (19 mL) at–20 °C, and the resulting mixture was allowed to warm to rt over1 h.
  • Step 4 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.
  • Step 5 4,6-Dichloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 0.395 g, 0.900 mmol
  • Et 3 N 0.53 mL, 5.40 mmol
  • phosphorus oxychloride 0.503 mL, 5.40 mmol
  • Step 5 Alternative procedure for Step 5 (used as noted in the table below): To a stirred mixture of the product from Step 4 (1.0 equiv.), triethylamine (18.0 equiv.), and 1H- benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (12 equiv.) in acetonitrile (0.07 M) was added phosphorus oxychloride (6.0 equiv.), and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 3.5 h. The reaction mixture was then poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (100 mL) at 10 °C. The aqueous suspension was stirred for 15 min before being extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give a benzotriazole adduct intermediate that was used directly in Step 6.
  • phosphorus oxychloride 6.0 equiv.
  • Step 6 tert-Butyl 4-(6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 6-a (S)-tert-Butyl 4-acryloyl-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Acryloyl chloride (1.34 mL, 16.5 mmol) was added to a solution of (S)-1-boc-2-methyl-piperazine (3.00 g, 15.0 mmol, Boc Sciences, Shirley, NY) in THF (30.0 mL) at–10 °C, and the resulting mixture was stirred at–10 °C for 5 min.
  • Triethylamine (6.26 mL, 44.9 mmol) was then slowly added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at–10 °C for 15 min, then allowed to warm to rt.
  • Step 6-b (S)-1-(3-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one 2,2,2- trifluoroacetate.
  • Step 7 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-4- (piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • a solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (0.594 g, 0.978 mmol) in TFA (4 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 30 min.
  • Step 8 4-(4-Acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1- (2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • Step 9 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4- (2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone.
  • BBr 3 (1 M in DCE, 3.3 mL, 3.3 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled solution of 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (0.372 g, 0.663 mmol) in DCE (1.7 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 20 min, then allowed to warm to rt and stir at rt for 2 h. Saturated aqueous NaHCO3 was added to the reaction mixture, followed by EtOAc (150 mL).
  • Example 9-1 6-Chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone
  • Step 1 7-Bromo-4,6-dichloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • Step 2 (S)-4-(4-Acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • Step 3 (S)-4-(4-Acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) to provide (S)-4-(4-acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6-chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 627.0 (M+H) + .
  • Step 4 6-Chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone.
  • Example 10-1 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 6,7-Dichloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (Intermediate G).
  • Step 2 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4- dione.
  • Step 3 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3- dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione.
  • tert-Butyl(chloro)diphenylsilane (2.67 mL, 10.25 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled mixture of 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3- dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (2.62 g, 8.54 mmol) and TEA (4.75 mL, 34.2 mmol) in acetonitrile (40 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 15 min, then warmed to rt and stirred for 1.5 h.
  • Step 4 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-1,4,7- trichlorophthalazine.
  • Pyridine (1.45 mL, 17.1 mmol) was added to a mixture of 6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (4.66 g, 8.55 mmol) and phosphorus oxychloride (6.39 mL, 68.4 mmol), and the resulting mixture was heated at 100 °C for 1.5 h.
  • reaction mixture was then cooled to rt and slowly poured into stirred water (300 mL) while maintaining an internal temperature of ⁇ 10 °C. After stirring for 15 min, the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (400 mL), and the organic extract was sequentially washed with brine (250 mL), dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • Step 6 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichloro-1- (piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine.
  • Trifluoroacetic acid (2 mL, 26.8 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate H, 1.21 g, 1.654 mmol) in DCM (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1.5 h.
  • Step 7 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 8 1-(4-(4,7-Dichloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate I).
  • TBAF (1 M in THF, 3.3 mL, 3.30 mmol
  • 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)- 4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (1.13 g, 1.648 mmol) in THF (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 15 min.
  • Step 9 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(o-tolyl)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (20 mL) and washed with water (15 mL). The organic layer was separated and sequentially washed with brine (15 mL), dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • Example 11-1 6-chloro-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone
  • Step 1 4-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • Phosphorus oxychloride (1.204 mL, 7.85 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline- 2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Intermediate F, 515 mg, 1.308 mmol), triethylamine (3.31 mL, 23.55 mmol), and 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (2.01 g, 16.87 mmol) in acetonitrile (15 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and filtered.
  • Step 2 tert-butyl 4-(7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2- dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • tert-Butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate (268 mg, 1.438 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of crude 4-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol- 1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (647 mg, 1.308 mmol) and triethylamine (3.68 mL, 26.2 mmol) in dimethyl sulfoxide (6 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL) and washed with water (75 mL).
  • Step 3 tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4- yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 24 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to rt and diluted with EtOAc (50 mL) and water (40 mL).
  • the organic layer was separated, washed with brine (40 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • Step 4 6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-4- (piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one.
  • Trifluoroacetic acid 0.5 mL, 6.71 mmol
  • tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol- 4-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (78 mg, 0.127 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL).
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • the crude product was purified by column chromatography (24 g of silica gel, 0 to 30% acetone in heptane) to obtain tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 2 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopropyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine.
  • Trifluoroacetic acid (0.316 mL, 4.10 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate in DCM (0.7 mL). The resulting mixture was capped and stirred at rt for 30 min.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-1- (piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine (0.023 g, 0.036 mmol) was added triethylamine (16 ⁇ l, 0.114 mmol) and dichloromethane (1.0 mL).
  • the resulting mixture was capped and stirred at rt for 10 min before acryloyl chloride (4.0 ⁇ l, 0.049 mmol) was added via syringe.
  • the reaction mixture was capped and continued to stir at rt for 20 min.
  • the reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO 3 (3 mL) and diluted with DCM (10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted once more with DCM (5 mL).
  • Step 4 1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-cyclopropyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • 1-(4-(6-(2- ((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (0.022 g, 0.032 mmol) was added tetrahydrofuran (2.0 mL) followed by tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0 M solution in THF, 0.070 mL, 0.070 mmol).
  • the vial was capped and stirred at rt for 30 min.
  • the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo.
  • the crude product was purified by column chromatography (24 g of silica, 0 to 5% MeOH in DCM) to obtain 1-(4-(7-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-(phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 2 7-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-N-phenyl- 4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-1-amine.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- (phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 4 1-(4-(4-Anilino-7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)- 1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • step 4 the reaction of 1-(4-(6- (2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-(phenylamino)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one delivered 1-(4-(4-anilino-7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • step 1 the reaction of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)- 4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate H) and cyclopentylzinc bromide (0.5 M in THF, Rieke Metals, Lincoln, NE,) delivered tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate.
  • Step 2 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • step 3 the reaction of 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine delivered 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)- 6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 4 1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-cyclopentyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • step 4 the reaction of 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one delivered 1-(4-(7-chloro-4- cyclopentyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(piperidin-1- yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • tert-butyl 4-(6- (2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (Intermediate H, 0.060 g, 0.082 mmol) was added piperidine (1.0 mL, 10.10 mmol).
  • Step 2 2-(7-Chloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3- fluorophenol.
  • step 2 the reaction of tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2- fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate delivered 2-(7-chloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(1-piperidinyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • step 3 the reaction of 2-(7-chloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol delivered 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4- phenoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • a dry 50 mL rbf was charged with phenol (0.130 g, 1.381 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (3.0 mL). The mixture was cooled to 0 °C before potassium t-butoxide (0.153 g, 1.367 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 0 0C for 10 min before being warmed to rt and stirred for 30 min.
  • Step 2 2-(7-chloro-4-phenoxy-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3- fluorophenol.
  • step 2 the reaction of 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate delivered.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxy-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • step 3 the reaction of 2-(7-chloro-4-phenoxy-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol delivered 1-(4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxy-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (118 mg, 0.10 mmol) was added, and the mixture was again degassed with an Argon stream. The reaction mixture was sealed and heated at 100 °C for 23 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt, diluted with brine (60 mL), and extracted two times with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated.
  • Step 2 5-Chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazole.
  • tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (327 mg, 0.56 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1.04 mL, 13.9 mmol) via syringe.
  • the resulting yellow solution was stirred at rt for 4 h and then was concentrated.
  • Step 3 (2E)-1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one.
  • Step 4 (2E)-1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one.
  • Example 18-1 2-(bromomethyl)- 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one (Example 18-2) and 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy- 1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1- one (Example 18-3)
  • Step 1 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • a vial was charged with a solution of 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate O, 29 mg, 0.06 mmol) in tert-butanol (0.4 mL) and water (0.4 mL).
  • Phenol (5.7 mg, 0.06 mmol), DABCO (20.3 mg, 0.18 mmol) and formaldehyde (37% aqueous solution, 24 ⁇ L, 0.24 mmol) were added sequentially.
  • the resulting solution was sealed and heated at 55 °C for 29 h.
  • the reaction was cooled to rt and partitioned between water (6 mL) and 10:1 DCM/MeOH.
  • the organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted two more times with 10:1 DCM/MeOH.
  • the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated.
  • Step 2 2-(Bromomethyl)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1- naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one and 1-(4-(5-chloro- 7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2- (hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Second-eluting peak 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1H-indazol-7- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (59 mg, 0.05 mmol) was added and the mixture was again degassed with an Argon stream. The reaction mixture was sealed and heated at 100 °C for 18 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and partitioned between brine (40 mL) and EtOAc. The aqueous later was twice extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated.
  • Step 2 tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro- 6-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate.
  • Step 3 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-3- (piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate J) and 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5- methoxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate K).
  • Second-eluting peak The mono-TFA salt of 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-2- methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate K).
  • Step 4 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • DIPEA 104 ⁇ L, 0.60 mmol
  • acryloyl chloride 24 ⁇ L, 0.30 mmol
  • Step 5 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Steps 4 and 5 were performed as above to deliver 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3- yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 472.0 (M+H) + .
  • Step 1 4-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylenebutan-1- one.
  • 4-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-2-methylenebutanoic acid 101 mg, 0.29 mmol, prepared according to Pihko, P.M., J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71, 2538-2541 and Greaney, M.F., Org.
  • reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo then diluted with DCM (1 mL) and added to a solution of 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate N, 122 mg, 0.29 mmol), triethylamine (0.20 mL, 1.43 mmol), and DCM (2 mL). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to rt and DMAP (2 mg, 0.016 mmol) was added.
  • reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 15 h then concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 0-50% EtOAc:heptanes) to give 4-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylenebutan-1-one.
  • Step 2 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol- 3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methylidene-1-butanone.
  • reaction mixture was quenched with water, concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel column chromatography (elution with 0-50% heptane/3:1 EtOAc:EtOH) to afford 1-(4-(5- chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4- hydroxy-2-methylidene-1-butanone.
  • Example 23 was made as described in Method 1 using (5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol- 4-yl)boronic acid (see synthesis below) in Step 7, and omitting Step 8-3. m/z (ESI, +ve) 482.0 (M+H) + .
  • Step 1 2-bromo-1-cyclopropyl-4-fluorobenzene.
  • 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene 22 g, 73.1 mmol
  • cyclopropylboronic acid 12.6 g, 146 mmol
  • cyclopentyl methyl ether 1.1 L
  • Na 2 CO 3 (2 M aq.; 183 mL) was added, and the reaction was degassed with N2-gas for 20 minutes.
  • Tetrakis (8.45 g, 7.31 mmol) was added, and the reaction was degassed again with N 2 -gas for 20 minutes. The reaction mixture was then transferred to a 5-L autoclave under N2-atm and heated to 130 °C for 40 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, filtered through a Celite pad, and washed with diethyl ether (200 mL). To the filtrate was added water (500 mL), and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (2 ⁇ 300 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 2 2-bromo-3-cyclopropyl-6-fluorobenzaldehyde.
  • 2-bromo-1-cycloproyl-4-fluorobenzene 6.5 g, 30.2 mmol
  • tetrahydrofuran 130 mL
  • LDA 18.1 mL, 36.3 mmol, 2 M in THF, 1.2 equiv
  • Step 3 4-bromo-5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazole.
  • 2-bromo-3-cyclopropyl-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (4 g, 16.5 mmol) and hydrazine hydrate (4.0 mL, 82 mmol) in ethylene glycol (40 mL).
  • the reaction was stirred for 2 h at 90 °C and then heated to 150 °C for 16 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, and ice cold water (40 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL) were added.
  • the organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 ⁇ 40 mL).
  • Step 4 5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)boronic acid.
  • 4-bromo-5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazole (0.62 g, 2.6 mmol) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (0.996 g, 3.92 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (25 mL); potassium acetate (0.77 g, 7.84 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was degassed with N2-gas for 10 minutes.
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) .
  • Step 1 1-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-6-yl)-N- methylisoquinolin-3-amine.
  • tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 30 mg, 0.067 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.6 mL) at 0 °C was added a solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride (2.0 M solution in tetrahyrdofuran, 0.050 mL, 0.100 mmol).
  • Step 2 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-(methylamino)-1-isoquinolinyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Procedure analogous to Method 1, Step 8-2 Purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-14% MeOH in DCM over 15 min.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(6-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)isoquinolin-1-yl)-5- chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 2 1-(4-(6-(3-Amino-1-isoquinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3- yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(tributylstannyl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • a solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 320 mg, 0.710 mmol), 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexabutyldistannane (824 mg, 1.420 mmol), and
  • Step 2 2-Methyl-2-propanyl 4-(6-(2-(bis(((2-methyl-2- propanyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-quinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinecarboxylate.
  • Step 3 1-(4-(6-(2-amino-4-quinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)- 1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
  • Step 1 6,7-Dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine-5,8-dione.
  • Hydrazine (1.26 mL, 40.2 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic anhydride (4.00 g, 26.8 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL).
  • the reaction mixture was refluxed for 16 h before being cooled to rt and concentrated in vacuo to give crude 6,7-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine-5,8- dione that was used directly in the next step.
  • Step 2 5,8-Dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine.
  • Pyridine (4.57 mL, 53.7 mmol) was added to a mixture of crude 6,7-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine-5,8-dione (4.38 g, 26.8 mmol) in phosphorus(v) oxychloride (20.1 mL, 215 mmol).
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled and poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (250 mL) at ⁇ 10 °C.
  • the aqueous suspension was stirred for 15 min before being extracted with EtOAc (250 mL).
  • Step 3 3,5-Dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8(7H)-one and 3,8- dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one.
  • N-Chlorosuccinimide (1268 mg, 9.50 mmol, TCI America, Portland, OR, USA) was added to a stirred solution of 5,8-dichloropyrido[2,3- d]pyridazine (950 mg, 4.75 mmol) in acetic acid (20 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to 100 °C for 16 h.
  • Step 4 3,5,8-Trichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine.
  • Pyridine 2.024 mL, 23.79 mmol
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 1.5 h.
  • Step 5 tert-Butyl 4-(3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate.
  • 1-Boc-piperazine (278 mg, 1.494 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 3,5,8-trichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine (292 mg, 1.245 mmol) and triethylamine (0.350 mL, 2.491 mmol) in dimethyl sulfoxide (5 mL).
  • Step 6 tert-Butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • tert-Butyl 4-(3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (199 mg, 0.518 mmol), 2-isopropylphenylboronic acid (93 mg, 0.570 mmol, Alfa Aesar, Haver Hill, MA, USA), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (59.8 mg, 0.052 mmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA), and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 1.036 mL, 2.072 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) under an argon atmosphere.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 16 h.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to rt, diluted with EtOAc (50 mL), and washed with water (40 mL).
  • the organic layer was separated, washed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave a mixture of starting material and desired product.
  • the mixture was re-subjected to the original reaction conditions using less 2-isopropylphenylboronic acid (56 mg, 0.342 mmol, Alfa Aesar, Haver Hill, MA, USA).
  • Step 7 tert-Butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3- d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Methyllithium (1.6 M solution in diethyl ether, 0.137 mL, 0.219 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2- isopropylphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (93 mg, 0.199 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) at -78 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 5 min before being allowed to warm to 0 °C and stirred for 30 min.
  • reaction mixture was cooled back down to -78 °C and additional methyllithium (1.6 M solution in diethyl ether, 0.068 mL, 0.109 mmol) was added.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 5 min before being allowed to warm to 0 °C and stirred for another 15 min.
  • the reaction mixture was quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (30 mL).
  • Step 8 tert-Butyl 4-(3-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2- methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.
  • Step 9 3-Fluoro-2-(5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methyl-8-(piperazin-1- yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-3-yl)phenol.
  • Trifluoroacetic acid (0.2 mL, 2.68 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-(3-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (64 mg, 0.115 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5 mL).
  • Step 10 1-(4-(3-(2-Fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2- methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Step 1 1,4,6,7-Tetrachlorophthalazine (Intermediate L). Pyridine (431 ⁇ l, 5.28 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (Intermediate G, 610 mg, 2.64 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (2.4 mL, 26.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 100 °C for 2 h then cooled and poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (75 mL) at ⁇ 10 °C. The resulting suspension was filtered, and the solid was washed with water to give 1,4,6,7-tetrachlorophthalazine. 1 H NMR (400 MHz,
  • Step 2 tert-Butyl 4-(4,6,7-trichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate M).
  • 1-Boc-piperazine 340 mg, 1.824 mmol
  • 1-Boc-piperazine 340 mg, 1.824 mmol
  • triethylamine 0.846 mL, 6.08 mmol
  • dichloromethane 8 mL
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 2 days.
  • Additional 1-boc-piperazine 340 mg, 1.824 mmol was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for another 23 h.
  • Step 3 tert-Butyl 4-(6,7-dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. tert-Butyl 4-(4,6,7-trichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
  • Step 4 6,7-Dichloro-1-phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine.
  • tert-Butyl 4-(6,7- dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (68 mg, 0.148 mmol) was stirred in trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL, 13.46 mmol) at rt for 20 min.
  • the reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL) and extracted two times with DCM (25 mL).
  • Step 5 1-(4-(6,7-Dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1- one.
  • Acryloyl chloride (0.013 mL, 0.162 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 6,7- dichloro-1-phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine (53 mg, 0.148 mmol) and triethylamine (0.062 mL, 0.443 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL).
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min.
  • the reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (15 mL) and extracted with DCM (20 mL).
  • Step 6 2-(1-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-4-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol and 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-1-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol.

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Abstract

Provided herein are KRAS G12C inhibitors, composition of the same, and methods of using the same. These inhibitors are useful for treating a number of disorders, including pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers.

Description

KRAS G12C INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional patent application 62/438,334 filed on December 22, 2016, which specification is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. BACKGROUND
[0001] KRAS gene mutations are common in pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, gall bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and bile duct cancer. KRAS mutations are also observed in about 25% of patients with NSCLC, and some studies have indicated that KRAS mutations are a negative prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC. Recently, V-Ki- ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations have been found to confer resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies in colorectal cancer; accordingly, the mutational status of KRAS can provide important information prior to the prescription of TKI therapy. Taken together, there is a need for new medical treatments for patients with pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, or colorectal cancer, especially those who have been diagnosed to have such cancers characterized by a KRAS mutation, and including those who have progressed after chemotherapy.
SUMMARY
[0002] Provided her in are compound having a structure of formula (I)
Figure imgf000002_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0–3 alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylenearyl, or C0–3 alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6 alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–4cycloalkyl, C2–3 alkenyl, C2– 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
R4 is
Figure imgf000003_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–4cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000003_0002
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3– 14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2– 14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; and
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [0003] In another embodiment, provided herein are compounds having a structure of formula (I)
Figure imgf000004_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–
3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1- 6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7- membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–14cycloalkyl, C2–3alkenyl, C2– 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000004_0002
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3– 14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2– 14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; and
R7 is H or C1–6alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0004] Further provided are compounds of formula (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000005_0001
wherein E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1; J is N, NR10, or CR10; M is N, NR13, or CR13; is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence; R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1- 4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2– 3alkynyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1- 6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached,
Figure imgf000005_0002
fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0– 5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; R4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000006_0001
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3– 14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2– 14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=O, C=S, or C=NR8; R8 and R9 are each independently H, C1–3alkyl, hydroxy, C1–3alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3–6cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring; R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3- 14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH- C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkylene-amine; and
R13 is C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, or C3–14cycloalkyl,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that
(1) when J is NR10, M is N or CR13;
(2) when M is NR13, J is N or CR10;
(3) when J is CR10, M is N or NR13; and
(4) when M is CR13, J is N or NR10.
[0005] In some embodiments, when Q is C=O, and E1 and E2 are each CR1; then either (1) R10 is C1–3alkylenearyl, C1–3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl,
Figure imgf000006_0002
C2–7heterocycloalkyl, or halo; or (2) R13 is C1–3haloalkyl or C3–5cycloalkyl. In various embodiments, J is NR10 and M is CR13. In some embodiments, J is CR10 and M is NR13. In some embodiments, J is N and M is NR13. In various embodiments, J is NR10 and M is N. [0006] Further provided are compounds having a structure of formula (II)
Figure imgf000007_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
J is N, NR10, or CR10;
M is N, NR13, or CR13;
is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence; R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–4alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–4cycloalkyl, C2–3alkenyl, C2– 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000007_0002
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1–6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=O, C=S, or C=NR8;
R8 and R9 are each independently H, C1–3alkyl, hydroxy, C1–3alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3–6cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring;
R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or
Figure imgf000008_0001
with the proviso that
(1) when J is NR10, M is N or CR13;
(2) when M is NR13, J is N or CR10;
(3) when J is CR10, M is N or NR13; and
(4) when M is CR13, J is N or NR10.
[0007] In some embodiments, when Q is C=O, and E1 and E2 are each CR1; then either (1) R10 is C1–3alkylenearyl, C1–3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C1–3alkylene- C2–7heterocycloalkyl, or halo; or (2) R13 is C1–3haloalkyl or C3–5cycloalkyl. In various embodiments, J is NR10 and M is CR13. In some embodiments, J is CR10 and M is NR13. In some embodiments, J is N and M is NR13. In various embodiments, J is NR10 and M is N.
[0008] Further provided are compounds of formula (III) or (III’), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000008_0002
wherein E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–4cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2–3 alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000009_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000009_0002
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene- C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3– 14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2– 14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=O, C=S, or C=NR8;
R8 and R9 are each independently H, C1–6alkyl, hydroxy, C1–6alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3–14cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring;
R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkylene-amine.
[0009] Further provided are compounds of formula (III) or (III’), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000010_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–6alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo,
Figure imgf000010_0002
C3–4cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2–3 alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000011_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=O, C=S, or C=NR8;
R8 and R9 are each independently H, C1–6alkyl, hydroxy, C1–6alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3–14cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring;
R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkylene-amine.
[0010] In some embodiments, the compouds have a structure of formula (III). In other embodiments, the compouds have a structure of formula (III’).
[0011] The compounds of formula (II) or (III) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In some embodiments, Q is C=O. In some embodiments, Q is C=S. In some embodiments, Q is C=NR8. In various embodiments, R8 is C1-2alkyl. In some embodiments, Q is CR8R9. In various embodiments, Q is C=CR8R9. In some embodiments, R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a 3–4 membered ring. In some embodiments, R8 is C1–2alkyl, and R9 is H.
[0012] Also provided are compounds of formula (IV) or (IV’), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000012_0001
independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–2haloalkyl,
Figure imgf000012_0002
C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000012_0003
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000013_0001
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R8 is H, C1–3alkyl, hydroxy, C1–3alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C3–14 cycloalkyl, or NR11R12;
R11 and R12 are each independently H, C1–8alkyl, or C3–14cycloalkyl; and
R10 is C1-8alkyl, C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, C0-3alkylene-C3- 14cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C0- 3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, O-C0-3alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2–14heteroaryl, N-C0-3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, N-C0-3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1-6 alkylene-amine;
[0013] In some embodiments, the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV). In various embodiments, the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV’). In some embodiments, E1 and E2 are each CR1, and R8 is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C3– 6cycloalkyl.
[0014] In some embodiments, R8 is methyl.
Further provide are compounds having a structure of formula (IV) or (IV’):
Figure imgf000013_0002
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–14cycloalkyl, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000014_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R8 is H, C1–3alkyl, hydroxy,
Figure imgf000014_0002
halo, cyano, nitro, C3–14 cycloalkyl, or NR11R12 ;
R11 and R12 are each independently H, C1–8alkyl, or C3–15cycloalkyl; and
R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkylene-amine;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0015] In some embodiments, the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV). In various embodiments, the compouds disclosed herein have a structure of formula (IV’). In some embodiments, E1 and E2 are each CR1, and R8 is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C3– 6cycloalkyl.
[0016] In some embodiments, R8 is methyl.
[0017] Further provided are compounds having a structure of formula (V), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable sa thereof:
Figure imgf000015_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, C3–14cycloalkyl, C2–6alkenyl, C2– 6alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000015_0002
Figure imgf000016_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14
Figure imgf000016_0002
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; and
R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkylene-amine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [0018] Further provided are compounds having a structure of formula (V):
Figure imgf000017_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0– 3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, C3–14cycloalkyl, C2–8alkenyl, C2– 8alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000017_0002
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1–6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6 alkylene-amide, C0–
3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R7 is H or C1–8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; and
R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, C0–3 alkylene- C3–14cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–14heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3–14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2–14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6 alkylene-amine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0019] The compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In some embodiments, each of E1 and E2 is CR1. In other embodiments, E1 is CR1 and E2 is N. In some embodiments, E1 is N and E2 is CR1. In various embodiments, each of E1 and E2 is N.
[0020] The compounds of formula (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In various embodiments, R10 is C1-6alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, O-C0-6alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C0-6alkylene-C2–14 heteroaryl, O-C0-6alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-6alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, N-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-6alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-6alkylene- C2–14 heteroaryl, NH-C0-6alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, or NH-C0-6alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl. In various embodiments, R10 is C1-8alkyl. In some embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkylene-C6- 14aryl. In some embodiments, R10 is C0-3 alkylene-C2–14heteroaryl. In some embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl. In other embodiments, R10 is C0-6alkyleneamine. For example, R10 can be i-Pr, t-Bu, phenyl, benzyl, OCH3, Cl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl,
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000019_0001
Figure imgf000020_0001
[0021] The compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In some embodiments, R1 is H. In some embodiments, R1 is F. In some embodiments, R1 is methyl.
[0022] The compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In various embodiments, R2 is aryl. In some embodiments, R2 is heteroaryl. In various embodiments, R2 is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indazolyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, indolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, cinnolinyl, imidazopyridyl, pyrazolopyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, indolinonyl, isoindolinonyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl. For example, R2 can be Cl, Br, CF3, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, OCH3, OCH2CH3, phenyl,
Figure imgf000020_0002
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000022_0001
Figure imgf000023_0001
[0023] The compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In various embodiments, R3 is halo. In various embodiments, R3 is Cl. In some embodiments, R3 is C1–2alkyl. In some embodiments, R3 is methyl. In some embodiments, R3 is C1-2haloalkyl. In various embodiments, R3 is CF3.
[0024] The compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In some embodiments, R4 is
Figure imgf000023_0002
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000025_0001
8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3– 8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000025_0002
Figure imgf000026_0001
Figure imgf000027_0001
Figure imgf000028_0001
or . In some embodiments, ring A comprises piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or azetidinyl. In some embodiments, ring A comprises piperidinyl.
Figure imgf000028_0002
Figure imgf000029_0001
[0025] The compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), or (V) as disclosed herein can have one or more of the following features. In some embodiments, L is a bond. In some embodiments, L is C1-2alkylene. In various embodiments, L is O. In some
embodiments, L is S. In various embodiments, L is NH. In some embodiments, R5 is H or halo. In some embodiments, R5 is H, Br, Cl, F, CN, CH3, CF3, CH2Br, CH2OH, CH2CH2OH, CH2OCH2phenyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, CH2phenyl, CH2OCH3, CH2N(CH3)2,
CH2N(CH2CH3)2, CH2CO2H, CH2CO2CH3, CH2NHC(O)CH3, CH2C(O)NHCH3,
CH2OC(O)CH3, or
Figure imgf000029_0002
In some embodiments, R6 is C1–6alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1- 6alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–3haloalkyl, C1–6alkylene-amine, C0–6alkylene-amide, C0– 1alkylene C(O)OC1-3alkyl, C0–1alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0–1alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, or C0–3alkylene-C6-14aryl. In various embodiments, R6 is C0–6alkylene-amine or C0–3alkylene- amide and is CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2NHC(O)CH3,
CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CO2CH3,CH2NHCH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)N(CH3)2,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)NHCH3, CH2NMe2, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OH,
CH2N+(CH3)3, CH2NHCH2CHF2, CH2NHCH2CH3,
Figure imgf000029_0003
Figure imgf000030_0001
Figure imgf000030_0002
In various embodiments, R6 is phenyl, cyclopropyl, CH3, CF3, CH2CH3, CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2Cl, CH2Br, CH2OCH3, CH2Ophenyl, CH2OH, CO2H, CO2CH2CH3, CH2CO2H, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2OH, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2CHF2, CH2F, CHF2, CH2NHC(O)CH3,
CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CO2CH3,CH2NHCH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)N(CH3)2,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)NHCH3, CH2CH2CCH, CH2NMe2, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OH,
+(CH3)3, CH2NHCH2CHF2, CH2NHCH2CH3,
Figure imgf000030_0003
Figure imgf000031_0001
R5 and R6 is H. In some embodiments, R7 is H. In some embodiments, R7 is methyl. In various embodiments, R7 and R5 together are–CH2– or–C(O)CH2–.
[0026] The compounds disclosed herein can be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. The compounds provided can be formulated into a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. [0027] Also provided is a method of inhibiting KRAS G12C in a cell, comprising contacting the cell with a compound or composition disclosed herein. Further provided is a method of treating cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or composition disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the cancer is lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, or colorectal cancer.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Definitions
Abbreviations: The following abbreviations may be used herein:
Figure imgf000032_0001
Figure imgf000033_0001
[0028] The use of the terms“a,”“an,”“the,” and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated. Recitation of ranges of values herein merely are intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g.,“such as”) provided herein, is intended to better illustrate the invention and is not a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
[0029] As used herein, the term“alkyl” refers to straight chained and branched C1-C8 hydrocarbon groups, including but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, and 2-ethybutyl. The term Cm-n means the alkyl group has“m” to“n” carbon atoms. The term“alkylene” refers to an alkyl group having a substituent. An alkyl (e.g., methyl), or alkylene (e.g., -CH2-), group can be substituted with one or more, and typically one to three, of independently selected, for example, halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, hydroxy, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, alkylamino, C1-8alkyl, C2-8alkenyl, C2- 8alkynyl, -NC, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC1-C8alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 heterocycloalkyl, C5-C10aryl, and C5-C10 heteroaryl. The term“haloalkyl” specifically refers to an alkyl group wherein at least one, e.g., one to six, or all of the hydrogens of the alkyl group are substituted with halo atoms.
[0030] The terms“alkenyl” and“alkynyl” indicate an alkyl group that further includes a double bond or a triple bond, respectively.
[0031] As used herein, the term“halo” refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo. The term “alkoxy” is defined as -OR, wherein R is alkyl.
[0032] As used herein, the term“amino” or“amine” interchangeably refers to a -NR2 group, wherein each R is, e.g., H or a substituent. In some embodiments, the amino group is further substituted to form an ammonium ion, e.g., NR3 +. Ammonium moieties are specifically included in the definition of“amino” or“amine.” Substituents can be, for example, an alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amide, or carboxylate. An R group may be further substituted, for example, with one or more, e.g., one to four, groups selected from halo, cyano, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, urea, carbonyl, carboxylate, amine, and amide. An“amide” or“amido” group interchangeably refers to a group similar to an amine or amino group but further including a C(O), e.g., - C(O)NR2. Some contemplated amino or amido groups (some with optional alkylene groups, e.g., alkylene-amino, or alkylene-amido) include CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2,
CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2NHC(O)CH3, CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CO2CH3,CH2NHCH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OCH3,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)NHCH3, CH2CH2CCH, CH2NMe2,
+(CH3)3, CH2NHCH2CHF2,
Figure imgf000035_0001
[0033] As used herein, the term“aryl” refers to a C6-14 monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic group, preferably a C6-10 monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic group, or C10-14 polycyclic aromatic group. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl. Aryl also refers to C10-14 bicyclic and tricyclic carbon rings, where one ring is aromatic and the others are saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic, for example, dihydronaphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl (tetralinyl). Unless otherwise indicated, an aryl group can be
unsubstituted or substituted with one or more, and in particular one to four, groups independently selected from, for example, halo, C1-8alkyl, C2-8alkenyl, C2-8alkynyl, -CF3, - OCF3, -NO2, -CN, -NC, -OH, alkoxy, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC1-C8alkyl, C3- C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 heterocycloalkyl, C5-C10aryl, and C5-C10 heteroaryl.
[0034] As used herein, the term“cycloalkyl” refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic non- aromatic carbocyclic ring, where the polycyclic ring can be fused, bridged, or spiro. The carbocyclic ring can have 3 to 10 carbon ring atoms. Contemplated carbocyclic rings include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and cyclononyl.
[0035] As used herein, the term“heterocycloalkyl” means a monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic), saturated or partially unsaturated, ring system containing 3 or more (e.g., 3 to 12, 4 to 10, 4 to 8, or 5 to 7) total atoms, of which one to five (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) of the atoms are independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Nonlimiting examples of heterocycloalkyl groups include azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, dihydropyrrolyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, dihydropyridinyl, oxacycloheptyl, dioxacycloheptyl, thiacycloheptyl, and diazacycloheptyl.
[0036] Unless otherwise indicated, a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl group can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more, and in particular one to four, groups. Some contemplated substituents include halo, C1-8alkyl, C2-8alkenyl, C2-8alkynyl, -OCF3, -NO2, - CN, -NC, -OH, alkoxy, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC1-C8alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 heterocycloalkyl, C5-C10aryl, and C5-C10 heteroaryl.
[0037] As used herein, the term“heteroaryl” refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system (for example, bicyclic) containing one to three aromatic rings and containing one to four (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur in an aromatic ring. In certain embodiments, the heteroaryl group has from 5 to 20, from 5 to 15, from 5 to 10 ring, or from 5 to 7 atoms. Heteroaryl also refers to C10-14 bicyclic and tricyclic rings, where one ring is aromatic and the others are saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic. Examples of heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, furanyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl, triazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzothiophenyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, furopyridyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazothiazolyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isobenzothienyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxazolopyridinyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyridopyridyl, pyrrolopyridyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quiazolinyl, thiadiazolopyrimidyl, and thienopyridyl. Unless otherwise indicated, a heteroaryl group can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more, and in particular one to four or one or two, substituents. Contemplated substituents include halo, C1-8alkyl, C2- 8alkenyl, C2-8alkynyl, -OCF3, -NO2, -CN, -NC, -OH, alkoxy, amino, -CO2H, -CO2C1-C8alkyl, -OCOC1-C8alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 heterocycloalkyl, C5-C10aryl, and C5-C10 heteroaryl. [0038] As used herein, the
[0039] As used herein, the [0040] As used herein, the
Figure imgf000037_0001
[0041] As used herein, the term trifluoroacetamide refers to the structure . [0042] As used herein, the
[0043] As used herein, the
[0044] As used herein, the [0045] As used herein, the
Figure imgf000037_0002
[0046] As used herein, the term Alloc refers to the structure .
[0047] As used herein, the term Fmoc refers to the
Figure imgf000037_0003
Compounds of the disclosure
[0048] Provided herein are KRAS inhibitors having structures of one of Formulas I-V, discussed in more detail below.
[0049] The compounds disclosed herein include all pharmaceutically acceptable isotopically-labeled compounds wherein one or more atoms of the compounds disclosed herein are replaced by atoms having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into the disclosed compounds include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine, chlorine, and iodine, such as 2H, 3H, 11C, 13C, 14C, 13N, 15N, 15O, 17O, 18O, 31P, 32P, 35S, 18F, 36Cl, 123I, and 125I, respectively. These radiolabelled compounds could be useful to help determine or measure the effectiveness of the compounds, by characterizing, for example, the site or mode of action, or binding affinity to pharmacologically important site of action. Certain isotopically-labeled compounds of the disclosure, for example, those incorporating a radioactive isotope, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. The radioactive isotopes tritium, i.e.3H, and carbon-14, i.e.14C, are particularly useful for this purpose in view of their ease of incorporation and ready means of detection.
[0050] Substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium, i.e.2H, may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example, increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements, and hence are preferred in some
circumstances.
[0051] Substitution with positron emitting isotopes, such as 11C, 18F, 15O and 13N, can be useful in Positron Emission Topography (PET) studies for examining substrate receptor occupancy. Isotopically-labeled compounds of structure (I) can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the Preparations and Examples as set out below using an appropriate
isotopically-labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent previously employed.
[0052] Isotopically-labeled compounds as disclosed herein can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the accompanying examples and schemes using an appropriate isotopically- labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent previously employed. [0053] Certain of the compounds as disclosed herein may exist as stereoisomers (i.e., isomers that differ only in the spatial arrangement of atoms) including optical isomers and conformational isomers (or conformers). The compounds disclosed herein include all stereoisomers, both as pure individual stereoisomer preparations and enriched preparations of each, and both the racemic mixtures of such stereoisomers as well as the individual diastereomers and enantiomers that may be separated according to methods that are known to those skilled in the art. Additionally, the compounds disclosed herein include all tautomeric forms of the compounds.
[0054] Certain of the compounds disclosed herein may exist as atropisomers, which are conformational stereoisomers that occur when rotation about a single bond in the molecule is prevented, or greatly slowed, as a result of steric interactions with other parts of the molecule. The compounds disclosed herein include all atropisomers, both as pure individual atropisomer preparations, enriched preparations of each, or a non-specific mixture of each. Where the rotational barrier about the single bond is high enough, and interconversion between conformations is slow enough, separation and isolation of the isomeric species may be permitted.
[0055] The disclosure provides a compound having a structure of formula (I)
Figure imgf000039_0001
wherein E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1; R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1– 4alkyl,
Figure imgf000039_0002
C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1– 6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0– 3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or C0–3alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 –3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl,
Figure imgf000039_0003
Figure imgf000039_0004
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0– 5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; R4' is H, C1– 8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C0–3alkylene- C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or selected from
Figure imgf000040_0001
8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0– 6alkyleneamide, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–
7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; and R7 is H or
Figure imgf000040_0002
or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0056] A compound of formula I, can be in the form of formula (I-A), (I-B), (I-C), or (I- D):
[
Figure imgf000040_0003
wherein E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1; J is N, NR10, or CR10; M is N, NR13, or CR13; is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence; R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1–4alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1- 4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2– 3alkynyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or C0–3alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3- 4cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 is halo, C1– 3alkyl, C1–2haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C3–4cycloalkyl, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl, or
Figure imgf000041_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0– 5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; R4' is H, C1– 8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C0–3alkylene- C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or selected from
Figure imgf000041_0002
8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0– 6alkyleneamide, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, C0–3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2- 7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R7 is H or
Figure imgf000041_0003
or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=O, C=S, or C=NR8; R8 and R9 are each independently H,
Figure imgf000041_0004
cyano, nitro, or C3–6cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring; R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, C0– 3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C1– 6alkoxy, O-C0-3alkylenearyl, O-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, O-C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, O-C0- 3alkylenearyl, O-C0-3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0- 3alkylenearyl, NH-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2-7heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkyleneamine; and R13 is
Figure imgf000042_0001
C1–3alkyleneamine, and C3–5cycloalkyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that (1) when J is NR10, M is N or CR13; (2) when M is NR13, J is N or CR10; (3) when J is CR10, M is N or NR13; and (4) when M is CR13, J is N or NR10.
[0058] In various embodiments, J is NR10 and M is CR13. In some embodiments, J is CR10 and M is NR13. In some embodiments, J is CR10 and M is N. In various embodiments, J is N and M is NR13. In some embodiments, J is N and M is CR13. Some specifically
contemplated R13 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, trifluormethyl, CH2NH2, and cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, J is NR10 and M is N. In some embodiments, when Q is C=O and each of E1 and E2 is CR1, then either (1) R10 is C1– 3alkylenearyl, C1–3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C1–3alkylene-C2– 7heterocycloalkyl, or halo; or (2) R13 is C1–3haloalkyl or C3–5cycloalkyl.
[0059] A compound of formula II can be in the form of formula (II-A), (II-B), (II-C), (II- (II-E), (II-F), (II-G), (II-H), (II-J), (II-K), (II-L), (II-M), (II-N), (II-O), (II-P), or (II-Q):
Figure imgf000042_0002
Figure imgf000043_0001
[0060] The disclosure also provides a compound having a structure of formula (III) or formula (III’):
Figure imgf000043_0002
wherein each R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-4alkyl, C1–4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1- 4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1–6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2– 3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0– 3alkylenearyl, or C0–3alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 is halo, C1–3alkyl, –2haloalkyl,
Figure imgf000043_0003
C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl, or
heteroaryl; R4 is
Figure imgf000043_0004
or
Figure imgf000043_0005
;
ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0– 5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; R4' is H, C1– 8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C0–3alkylene- C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or selected from
Figure imgf000044_0001
Figure imgf000044_0002
5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1–8alkyl, C2- 8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0– 6alkyleneamide, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, C0–3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2- 7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R7 is H or C1–3alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=O, C=S, or C=NR8; each of R8 and R9 independently is H,
Figure imgf000044_0003
cyano, nitro, or C3–6cycloalklyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–6 membered ring; and R10 is C1–8alkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, C0– 3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl, C1– 6alkoxy, C1-6alkoxy, O-C0-3alkylenearyl, O-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, O-C0-3alkylene-C3- 8cycloalkyl, O-C0-3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0- 3alkylenearyl, NH-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2-7heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1–6alkyleneamine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[ A compound of formula III can be in the form of formula (III-A), (III-B), (III-C), or
(
Figure imgf000044_0004
[0062] A compound of formula III’ can be in the form of formula (III-A’), (III-B’), (III-
(III-C’),
Figure imgf000045_0001
[0063] The disclosure also provides a compound having a structure of formula (IV) or formula (IV’):
Figure imgf000045_0002
wherein E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N; R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1- 4alkyl,
Figure imgf000045_0003
C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1– 6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0– 3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or C0–3alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 is halo, C1–2haloalkyl,
Figure imgf000045_0004
C2–3alkenyl, –3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; R4 is
Figure imgf000045_0005
Figure imgf000045_0006
or ; ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0– 5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2- 5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; R4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1– 6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–7heterocycloalkyl,
Figure imgf000046_0001
independently H, halo, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6alkyleneamide, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0–3alkylene- C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, C0–3alkylene-C3- 8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R7 is H or C1– 3alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R8 is C1–3alkyl, hydroxy, C1–3alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C3–6cycloalkyl, or NR11R12 ; R11 and R12 are each independently H,
Figure imgf000046_0002
or C3–5cycloalkyl; and R10 is C1- 8alkyl, C0-3alkylenearyl, C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C2- 7heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3alkylenearyl, O-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, O-C0-3alkylene- C3-8cycloalkyl, O-C0-3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0- 3alkylenearyl, NH-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2-7heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1-6alkyleneamine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, E1 and E2 are each CR1, and R8 is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C3– 6cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, R8 is methyl. The compound can have a structure of
Figure imgf000046_0003
[0064] Also provided herein are compounds having a structure of formula (V):
Figure imgf000047_0001
wherein E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N; R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1- 4alkyl,
Figure imgf000047_0002
C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1– 6alkyl, C1–6haloalkyl, OR’, N(R’)2, C2–3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0– 3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or C0–3alkyleneheteroaryl, and each R’ is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R’ substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 –3alkenyl, C2–3alkynyl, aryl,
Figure imgf000047_0003
Figure imgf000047_0004
ring A is a monocyclic 4– 7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1- 6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0–5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O- C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH; R4' is H, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O- C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2–
Figure imgf000047_0005
each independently H, halo, C1–8alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, C1–6alkylene-O-C1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene- OH, C1–6haloalkyl, C1–6alkyleneamine, C0–6alkyleneamide, C0–3alkylene-C(O)OH, C0– 3alkylene-C(O)OC1-4alkyl, C1–6alkylene-O-aryl, C0–3alkylene-C(O)C1-4alkylene-OH, C0– 3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0–3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0–3alkylenearyl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; R7 is H or C1–3alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4–6 membered ring; and R10 is C1-8alkyl, C0-3alkylenearyl, C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, C0-3alkylene- C3-8cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C1–6alkoxy, O-C0-3alkylenearyl, O-C0- 3alkyleneheteroaryl, O-C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, O-C0-3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-8alkyl, N-C1-8alkyl,NH-C0-3alkylenearyl, NH-C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1- 6alkyleneamine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0065] For compounds of formulas (II), (III), and (III’): In some embodiments, Q is C=O. In some embodiments, Q is C=S. In some embodiments, Q is C=NR8. R8 can be C1-2alkyl, e.g. methyl.
[0066] Q can be CR8R9 or C=CR8R9. R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3–4 membered ring, e.g., a cyclopropyl ring. In some embodiments, R8 is C1–2alkyl (e.g., methyl), and R9 is H.
[0067] For compounds of formulas (II), (III), (III’), (IV), (IV’), and (V): In various embodiments, R10 is C1-4alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-6cycloalkyl, C3-6heterocycloalkyl, C1- 4alkoxy, or aryloxy. In various embodiments, R10 is C1-8alkyl, C1-5alkyl, or C1-3alkyl. In various embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkylenearyl, C0-1alkylenearyl, or phenyl. In various embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkyleneheteroaryl, or C0-1alkyleneheteroaryl, and the heteoraryl can be, e.g., pyridyl. In various embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, C0-1alkylene- C3-8cycloalkyl, or C3-8cycloalkyl, and the cycloalkyl can be, e.g., cyclohexyl. In various embodiments, R10 is C0-3alkylene-C3-8heterocycloalkyl or C0-1alkylene-C3-8heterocycloalkyl. In various embodiments, R10 is C0-6alkyleneamine or C0-3alkyleneamine or amine. Some s ecificall contem lated R10 include i-Pr t-Bu hen l benz l OCH3 Cl c clo ro l
Figure imgf000048_0001
, , , , , , , , ,
Figure imgf000048_0002
Figure imgf000049_0001
R10 can comprise an ortho-substituted aryl, ortho-substituted heteroaryl, or 2-substituted
Figure imgf000050_0001
For all compounds:
[0068] R1 can be a small moiety. For example, R1 can be H, C1–2alkyl (e.g., methyl), C1– 2haloalkyl (e.g., CF3), or halo (e.g., F). Some specifically contemplated R1 include H, F, Me, Cl, and CF3.
[0069] R2 can be C1–3alkyl, C1–3haloalkyl, C1–3alkoxy, C0–1alkylene-C3–8cycloalkyl, C3– 6cycloalkyl, C0–1alkylenearyl (e.g., aryl), or C0–1alkyleneheteroaryl (e.g., heteroaryl). Some specifically contemplated R2 groups include phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indazolyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, indolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, cinnolinyl,
imidazopyridyl, pyrazolopyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, indolinonyl, isoindolinonyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, or
tetrahydroisoquinolinyl. Some other specific R2 include Cl, Br, CF3, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, OCH3, OCH2CH3, phenyl,
Figure imgf000050_0002
Figure imgf000051_0001
Figure imgf000052_0001
[0070] R3 can be halo (e.g., Cl), C1–2alkyl (e.g., methyl), or C1-2haloalkyl (e.g., CF3). Some specifically contemplated R3 include Cl, Me, CF3, OMe, Et, C=CH2, and cyclopropyl.
[0071] L can be a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0–5alkylene, -S-C0–5alkylene, or -NH-C0– 5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -O-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH. For example, L can be–CH2-NH- when a carbon on a C2 alkylene group is replaced with NH, or –O-CH2CH2-O-, when a carbon on a O-C3alkylene group is replaced with a O. Other options with substitution of C3, C4, C5, or C6 alkylene with O, S, or NH are specifically contemplated. In some embodiments, L is C1-2alkylene, O, S, or NH. In some embodiments, L is a bond.
[0072] Ring A is a monocyclic 4–7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6–11 membered ring. Some specifically contemplated rings include cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, imidazolidinyl,
hexahydropyrimidinyl, hexahydropyridazinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiofuranyl, azetidinyl, spiroheptyl, spirooctyl, spirononyl, spirodecyl, diazabicyclodecyl,
diazabicyclononyl, diazabicyclooctyl, diazabicycloheptyl, hexahydropyrrolopyridyl, octahydropyrrolopyridyl, and octahydropyrrolopyrimidinyl. In various embodiments, ring A can comprise piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or azetidinyl. . In some embodiments, ring A comprises piperidinyl. Ring A can be further substituted with one to three
substituents. Some non-limiting examples of substitutions on ring A include one to three substituents selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxylic acid or ester, haloalkyl, alkylamine, C(O)NH2, oxo, halo, cyano, and isocyano.
Figure imgf000053_0001
Figure imgf000054_0001
[0074] When R4 is , it can more specifically be
Figure imgf000054_0002
[0075] R5 and R6 are substituents on the acrylamide moiety of the KRAS inhibitors disclosed herein. In some embodiments, each of R5 and R6 is H. Some specifically contemplated R5 substituents include H, Br, Cl, F, CN, CH3, CF3, CH2Br, CH2OH,
CH2CH2OH, CH2OCH2phenyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, CH2phenyl, CH2OCH3, CH2N(CH3)2,
CH2CO2CH3, CH2NHC(O)CH3, CH2C(O)NHCH3,
Figure imgf000054_0003
[0076] Some specifically contemplated R6 substituents include phenyl, cyclopropyl, CH3, CF3, CH2CH3, CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2Cl, CH2Br, CH2OCH3,
CH2Ophenyl, CH2OH, CO2H, CO2CH2CH3, CH2CO2H, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2OH, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(O)NHCH3, C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2C(O)NHphenyl, CH2CHF2, CH2F, CHF2, CH2NHC(O)CH3, CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CO2CH3,CH2NHCH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OCH3,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)N(CH3)2, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(O)NHCH3, CH2CH2CCH, CH2NMe2,
+(CH3)3, CH2NHCH2CHF2,
Figure imgf000055_0001
[0077] R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, can form a 4–6 membered ring, e.g., a 5- or 6-membered ring. Such rings include R5 and R6 together being [
[
Figure imgf000056_0001
Figure imgf000057_0001
Figure imgf000058_0001
[
Figure imgf000059_0001
[
Figure imgf000060_0001
[0082] In another embodiment, the present invention discloses compounds having a structure selected from:
Figure imgf000061_0001
These compounds can be used as intermediates in the process of making compounds in the present application.
These compounds can be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and in a pharmaceutical formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. [0083] The following examples are labeled using a classification system in which the first number refers to the method used to synthesize the compound, the second number is an identifying number, and the third number, if present, refers to the compound’s order of elution in a chromatographic separation process. If third number is absent, the compound is a single compound or mixture of isomers. The sequential numbering of the Examples is interrupted and certain Example numbers are intentionally omitted due to formatting considerations. The“-“ denotes that no changes were made, or no entries are in the relevant box. Specifically contemplated compounds include those as listed in Table 1:
Table 1
Figure imgf000062_0001
Figure imgf000063_0001
Figure imgf000064_0001
Figure imgf000065_0001
Figure imgf000066_0001
Figure imgf000067_0001
Figure imgf000068_0001
Figure imgf000069_0001
Figure imgf000070_0001
Figure imgf000071_0001
Figure imgf000072_0001
Figure imgf000073_0001
Figure imgf000074_0002
Figure imgf000074_0001
Figure imgf000075_0001
Figure imgf000076_0001
Figure imgf000077_0001
Figure imgf000078_0001
Figure imgf000079_0001
Figure imgf000080_0001
Figure imgf000081_0001
Figure imgf000082_0001
Figure imgf000083_0001
Figure imgf000084_0001
Figure imgf000085_0001
Figure imgf000086_0001
Figure imgf000087_0001
Figure imgf000088_0001
Figure imgf000089_0001
Figure imgf000090_0001
Figure imgf000091_0001
Figure imgf000092_0001
Figure imgf000093_0001
Synthesis of disclosed compounds
[0084] Compounds as disclosed herein can be synthesized via a number of specific methods. The examples which outline specific synthetic routes, and the generic schemes below are meant to provide guidance to the ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist, who will readily appreciate that the solvent, concentration, reagent, protecting group, order of synthetic steps, time, temperature, and the like can be modified as necessary, well within the skill and judgment of the ordinarily skilled artisan.
Method 1
Figure imgf000093_0002
[0085] Method 1 synthesis: A compound of Formula (I) as disclosed herein can be synthesized as outlined in Method 1. An appropriate aromatic or heteroaromatic acid is reacted with a halogenating agent in Step 1 to form a halogenated aromatic or heteroaromatic acid. The acid is then reacted with an amidating agent in Step 2 to form an amide intermediate. The amide intermediate is then reacted with a sulfurizing agent in Step 3 to form a thioamide intermediate. Next, the thioamide intermediate is reacted with an oxidant in Step 4 to form the thiazole ring as shown. The amine of the thiazole is then converted to a leaving group in Step 5 using an activating agent. The leaving group is then replaced with an R4 protected group, as shown in Step 6. The R2 moiety is then introduced in Step 7 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the thiazole intermediate. Then, in Step 8, the R4 group is deprotected under appropriate conditions, depending upon the protecting group used, the R4 group is then acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety as shown, and lastly, R2 is deprotected. Appropriate protecting groups and deprotection reagents are known to those skilled in the art, e.g., as discussed in Greene’s Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis.
[0086] Contemplated halogenating agents include, but are not limited to, chlorine, bromine, N-chlorosuccinimide, and N-bromosuccinimide, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, e.g., iron or aluminum. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other halogenating agents and catalysts can be used.
[0087] Contemplated amidating agents include, but are not limited to, N, N’- diisopropylcarbodiimide, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide, benzotriazol-1- yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'- tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate, thionyl chloride, isobutyl chloroformate, diethyl cyanophosphonate, carbonyl diimidazole, and polyphosphonic anhydride. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other amidating agents can be used.
[0088] Contemplated sulfurizing agents include, but are not limited to, sulfur, phosphorus pentasulfide, and Lawesson’s reagent. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other sulfurizing agents can be used.
[0089] Contemplated oxidants include, but are not limited to, hydrogen peroxide, iodobenzene diacetate, t-butyl hydroperoxide, N-bromosuccinimide, and ammonium peroxodisulfate. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other oxidants can be used.
[0090] Contemplated activating agents include, but are not limited to, sodium nitrite and t- butyl nitrite. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other activating agents can be used. [0091] Contemplated cross-coupling reactions include, but are not limited to, Suzuki coupling, Negishi coupling, Hiyama coupling, Kumada coupling, and Stille coupling. The ordinarily skilled chemist will readily understand that couplings as shown in Method 1 can be performed under a number of conditions.
Method 2
Figure imgf000095_0001
[0092] Method 2 synthesis: Method 2 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. After halogenation in Step 1, the R4 protected group is introduced by reaction with the acid in a coupling reaction in Step 2. The oxo group is transformed to a sulfur using a sulfurizing agent in Step 3. Then the thiazole ring is formed in the presence of an oxidant in Step 4. The remaining steps 5–8 are analogous to steps 7 and 8 in Method 1 described above.
Method 3
Figure imgf000095_0002
[0093] Method 3 synthesis: Method 3 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. The R4 group of the isothiazole intermediate is deprotected and acylated in Step 1 to introduce the acrylamide moiety. The R2 moiety is then introduced in Step 2 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the isothiazole intermediate. Lastly, the R2 group is deprotected in Step 3.
Method 4
Figure imgf000096_0001
[0094] Method 4 synthesis: Method 4 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. After substituting a leaving group on an isothiazole intermediate with a protected R4 group, as depicted in Step 1, the R4 group intermediate is deprotected and acylated in Step 2 to introduce the acrylamide moiety. The R2 moiety is introduced by a cross-coupling reaction in Step 3, as in Method 1, and the R2 group is deprotected in Step 4.
Method 5
Figure imgf000096_0002
[0095] Method 5 synthesis: Method 5 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. In this alternative, the R2 moiety is first introduced by a cross-coupling with the X halide on the aromatic or heteroaromatic amide intermediate shown in Step 1. The amide intermediate is then reacted with a sulfurizing agent in Step 2 to form a thioamide intermediate. Oxidation of this intermediate provides the isothiazole ring in Step 3. The amine group is then converted to a leaving group in Step 4 and subsequently substituted with a protected R4 group in Step 5. Finally, in Step 6, the R4 group is deprotected and reacted with an acylating agent, and then the R2 group is deprotected.
Method 6
Figure imgf000097_0001
[0096] Method 6 synthesis: Method 6 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. In this alternative, an isothiazole intermediate is reacted with a metalating agent to activate the X halide. The R2 group is then introduced by reacting the activated intermediate with the appropriate R2 (protected) reagent. In the last step, the R4 group is deprotected and acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety.
[0097] Contemplated metalating agents include, but are not limited to,
bis(pinacolato)diboron, magnesium, zinc, hexamethyldistannane, and n-butyllithium. The ordinarily skilled synthetic chemist will readily understand that other metalating agents and catalysts can be used.
Figure imgf000098_0001
[0098] Method 7 synthesis: Method 7 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (I) as disclosed herein. The R2 moiety is first introduced by a cross- coupling with the X halide on the aromatic or heteroaromatic acid intermediate shown in Step 1. The acid moiety is then reacted with the appropriate R4 (protected) reagent in the presence of an amidating agent in Step 2. The carbonyl group of the acid derivative is then converted to a thiocarbonyl group in Step 3 using a sulfurizing agent. The thioacid derivative is then reacted with an oxidant to form the isothiazole intermediate in Step 4. Lastly, the R4 group is deprotected and acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety, and the R2 group is deprotected. Method 8
Figure imgf000098_0002
[0099] Method 8 synthesis: A compound of Formula (II) as disclosed herein can be synthesized as outlined in Method 8. An appropriate aromatic or heteroaromatic acid is reacted with an amidating agent in Step 1 to form a primary amide intermediate. The amide is then reacted with an isocyanate-forming reagent and a R10-substituted amine to form a urea intermediate. Contemplated isocyanate-forming agents include oxalyl chloride, thionyl chloride, and phosphorus oxychloride. The urea intermediate is then reacted with a cyclization agent in Step 3 to form the quinazolinedione ring shown. Contemplated cyclization agents include, but are not limited to, bases such as potassium
hexamethyldisilazide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, and phosphazene bases. The R2 moiety is then introduced in Step 4 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the quinazolinedione intermediate. An oxo group of the quinazolinedione is then converted to a leaving group in Step 5 using an activating agent. Contemplated activating agents include, but are not limited to, thionyl chloride, triflic anhydride, phosphorus oxychloride, and phosphorus pentachloride. The leaving group is then replaced with an R4 protected group to form a substituted quinazolinone, as shown in Step 6. The remaining deprotection-acylation-deprotection sequence shown in Steps 7–9 are analogous to Step 8 in Method 1.
Method 9
Figure imgf000099_0001
[00100] Method 9 synthesis: Method 9 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (II) as disclosed herein. An oxo group of the quinazolinedione is converted to a leaving group in Step 1. Step 2 involves the introduction of the R4 (protected) group, deprotection of the R4 group, and acylation of the free R4 group. The R2 group is introduced in Step 3 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the quinazolinedione intermediate. Finally, the R2 group is deprotected.
Figure imgf000100_0001
[00101] Method 10 synthesis: A compound of Formula (V) as disclosed herein can be synthesized as outlined in Method 10. The appropriate anhydride is reacted with hydrazine to form the phthalazinedione ring as shown in Step 1. The R2 moiety is introduced in Step 2 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R2 reagent with the X halide on the
quinazolinedione intermediate. The R2 group is then protected in Step 3. The
phthalazinedione ring is halogenated twice. Contemplated halogenating agent include thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, and oxalyl chloride. One of the halogen groups is then replaced with an R4 protected group to form a substituted phthalazine ring, as shown in Step 5. Then, in Steps 6 and 7, the R4 group is deprotected under appropriate conditions, depending upon the protecting group used, and the free R4 group is then acylated to introduce the acrylamide moiety. The R2 is deprotected in Step 8. Lastly, the R10 moiety is introduced in Step 9 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R10 reagent with the X halide on the phthalazine intermediate.
Figure imgf000101_0001
[00102] Method 11 synthesis: Method 11 provides an alternative method for formation of compounds of Formula (II) as disclosed herein. An oxo group of the quinazolinedione is converted to a leaving group in Step 1. The R4 (protected) group is introduced in Step 2. The R2 group is introduced in Step 3 by a cross-coupling reaction with the appropriate R2 (protected) reagent with the X halide on the quinazolinedione intermediate. Lastly, the R4 group is deprotected and subsequently acylated in Steps 4 and 5.
Pharmaceutical compositions, dosing, and routes of administration
[00103] Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions that includes a compound as disclosed herein, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, such as, for example, a diluent or carrier. Compounds and pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use in the present invention include those wherein the compound can be administered in an effective amount to achieve its intended purpose. Administration of the compound described in more detail below.
[00104] Suitable pharmaceutical formulations can be determined by the skilled artisan depending on the route of administration and the desired dosage. See, e.g., Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1435-712 (18th ed., Mack Publishing Co, Easton, Pennsylvania, 1990). Formulations may influence the physical state, stability, rate of in vivo release and rate of in vivo clearance of the administered agents. Depending on the route of
administration, a suitable dose may be calculated according to body weight, body surface areas or organ size. Further refinement of the calculations necessary to determine the appropriate treatment dose is routinely made by those of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation, especially in light of the dosage information and assays disclosed herein as well as the pharmacokinetic data obtainable through animal or human clinical trials. [00105] The phrases“pharmaceutically acceptable” or“pharmacologically acceptable” refer to molecular entities and compositions that do not produce adverse, allergic, or other untoward reactions when administered to an animal or a human. As used herein, “pharmaceutically acceptable excipients” includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents and the like. The use of such excipients for pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the therapeutic compositions, its use in therapeutic compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active ingredients also can be incorporated into the compositions. In exemplary embodiments, the formulation may comprise corn syrup solids, high-oleic safflower oil, coconut oil, soy oil, L- leucine, calcium phosphate tribasic, L-tyrosine, L-proline, L-lysine acetate, DATEM (an emulsifier), L-glutamine, L-valine, potassium phosphate dibasic, L-isoleucine, L-arginine, L- alanine, glycine, L-asparagine monohydrate, L-serine, potassium citrate, L-threonine, sodium citrate, magnesium chloride, L-histidine, L-methionine, ascorbic acid, calcium carbonate, L- glutamic acid, L-cystine dihydrochloride, L-tryptophan, L-aspartic acid, choline chloride, taurine, m-inositol, ferrous sulfate, ascorbyl palmitate, zinc sulfate, L-carnitine, alpha- tocopheryl acetate, sodium chloride, niacinamide, mixed tocopherols, calcium pantothenate, cupric sulfate, thiamine chloride hydrochloride, vitamin A palmitate, manganese sulfate, riboflavin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, beta-carotene, potassium iodide, phylloquinone, biotin, sodium selenate, chromium chloride, sodium molybdate, vitamin D3 and cyanocobalamin.
[00106] The compound can be present in a pharmaceutical composition as a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt. As used herein,“pharmaceutically acceptable salts” include, for example base addition salts and acid addition salts.
[00107] Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts may be formed with metals or amines, such as alkali and alkaline earth metals or organic amines. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds may also be prepared with a pharmaceutically acceptable cation. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable cations are well known to those skilled in the art and include alkaline, alkaline earth, ammonium and quaternary ammonium cations. Carbonates or hydrogen carbonates are also possible. Examples of metals used as cations are sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, calcium, or ferric, and the like. Examples of suitable amines include isopropylamine, trimethylamine, histidine, N,N'- dibenzylethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, ethylenediamine, N-methylglucamine, and procaine.
[00108] Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts include inorganic or organic acid salts. Examples of suitable acid salts include the hydrochlorides, formates, acetates, citrates, salicylates, nitrates, phosphates. Other suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known to those skilled in the art and include, for example, formic, acetic, citric, oxalic, tartaric, or mandelic acids, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid; with organic carboxylic, sulfonic, sulfo or phospho acids or N-substituted sulfamic acids, for example acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), propionic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, methylmaleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, glucaric acid, glucuronic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, salicylic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, 2- phenoxybenzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, embonic acid, nicotinic acid or isonicotinic acid; and with amino acids, such as the 20 alpha amino acids involved in the synthesis of proteins in nature, for example glutamic acid or aspartic acid, and also with phenylacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, ethane 1,2- disulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid, naphthalene 2-sulfonic acid, naphthalene 1,5-disulfonic acid, 2- or 3-phosphoglycerate, glucose 6-phosphate, N- cyclohexylsulfamic acid (with the formation of cyclamates), or with other acid organic compounds, such as ascorbic acid.
[00109] Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds disclosed herein can be manufactured in a conventional manner, e.g., by conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, dragee-making, levigating, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping, or lyophilizing processes. Proper formulation is dependent upon the route of administration chosen.
[00110] For oral administration, suitable compositions can be formulated readily by combining a compound disclosed herein with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as carriers well known in the art. Such excipients and carriers enable the present compounds to be formulated as tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions and the like, for oral ingestion by a patient to be treated. Pharmaceutical preparations for oral use can be obtained by adding a compound as disclosed herein with a solid excipient, optionally grinding a resulting mixture, and processing the mixture of granules, after adding suitable auxiliaries, if desired, to obtain tablets or dragee cores. Suitable excipients include, for example, fillers and cellulose preparations. If desired, disintegrating agents can be added. Pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients are well known for the various types of formulation and may be for example binders (e.g., natural or synthetic polymers), lubricants, surfactants, sweetening and flavoring agents, coating materials, preservatives, dyes, thickeners, adjuvants, antimicrobial agents, antioxidants and carriers for the various formulation types.
[00111] When a therapeutically effective amount of a compound disclosed herein is administered orally, the composition typically is in the form of a solid (e.g., tablet, capsule, pill, powder, or troche) or a liquid formulation (e.g., aqueous suspension, solution, elixir, or syrup).
[00112] When administered in tablet form, the composition can additionally contain a functional solid and/or solid carrier, such as a gelatin or an adjuvant. The tablet, capsule, and powder can contain about 1 to about 95% compound, and preferably from about 15 to about 90% compound.
[00113] When administered in liquid or suspension form, a functional liquid and/or a liquid carrier such as water, petroleum, or oils of animal or plant origin can be added. The liquid form of the composition can further contain physiological saline solution, sugar alcohol solutions, dextrose or other saccharide solutions, or glycols. When administered in liquid or suspension form, the composition can contain about 0.5 to about 90% by weight of a compound disclosed herein, and preferably about 1 to about 50% of a compound disclosed herein. In one embodiment contemplated, the liquid carrier is non-aqueous or substantially non-aqueous. For administration in liquid form, the composition may be supplied as a rapidly-dissolving solid formulation for dissolution or suspension immediately prior to administration.
[00114] When a therapeutically effective amount of a compound disclosed herein is administered by intravenous, cutaneous, or subcutaneous injection, the composition is in the form of a pyrogen-free, parenterally acceptable aqueous solution. The preparation of such parenterally acceptable solutions, having due regard to pH, isotonicity, stability, and the like, is within the skill in the art. A preferred composition for intravenous, cutaneous, or subcutaneous injection typically contains, in addition to a compound disclosed herein, an isotonic vehicle. Such compositions may be prepared for administration as solutions of free base or pharmacologically acceptable salts in water suitably mixed with a surfactant, such as hydroxypropylcellulose. Dispersions also can be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations can optionally contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
[00115] Injectable compositions can include sterile aqueous solutions, suspensions, or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions, suspensions, or dispersions. In all embodiments the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must resist the contaminating action of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, by optional inclusion of a preservative. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils. In one embodiment contemplated, the carrier is non-aqueous or substantially non- aqueous. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating, such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size of the compound in the embodiment of dispersion and by the use of surfactants. The prevention of the action of microorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many embodiments, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars or sodium chloride. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use in the compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
[00116] Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by incorporating the active compounds in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various of the other ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization. Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredients into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above. In the embodiment of sterile powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions, the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum-drying and freeze- drying techniques which yield a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
[00117] Slow release or sustained release formulations may also be prepared in order to achieve a controlled release of the active compound in contact with the body fluids in the GI tract, and to provide a substantially constant and effective level of the active compound in the blood plasma. For example, release can be controlled by one or more of dissolution, diffusion, and ion-exchange. In addition, the slow release approach may enhance absorption via saturable or limiting pathways within the GI tract. For example, the compound may be embedded for this purpose in a polymer matrix of a biological degradable polymer, a water- soluble polymer or a mixture of both, and optionally suitable surfactants. Embedding can mean in this context the incorporation of micro-particles in a matrix of polymers. Controlled release formulations are also obtained through encapsulation of dispersed micro-particles or emulsified micro-droplets via known dispersion or emulsion coating technologies.
[00118] For administration by inhalation, compounds of the present invention are conveniently delivered in the form of an aerosol spray presentation from pressurized packs or a nebulizer, with the use of a suitable propellant. In the embodiment of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit can be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount.
Capsules and cartridges of, e.g., gelatin, for use in an inhaler or insufflator can be formulated containing a powder mix of the compound and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.
[00119] The compounds disclosed herein can be formulated for parenteral administration by injection (e.g., by bolus injection or continuous infusion). Formulations for injection can be presented in unit dosage form (e.g., in ampules or in multidose containers), with an added preservative. The compositions can take such forms as suspensions, solutions, or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and can contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilizing, and/or dispersing agents.
[00120] Pharmaceutical formulations for parenteral administration include aqueous solutions of the compounds in water-soluble form. Additionally, suspensions of the compounds can be prepared as appropriate oily injection suspensions. Suitable lipophilic solvents or vehicles include fatty oils or synthetic fatty acid esters. Aqueous injection suspensions can contain substances which increase the viscosity of the suspension.
Optionally, the suspension also can contain suitable stabilizers or agents that increase the solubility of the compounds and allow for the preparation of highly concentrated solutions. Alternatively, a present composition can be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle (e.g., sterile pyrogen-free water) before use.
[00121] Compounds disclosed herein also can be formulated in rectal compositions, such as suppositories or retention enemas (e.g., containing conventional suppository bases). In addition to the formulations described previously, the compounds also can be formulated as a depot preparation. Such long-acting formulations can be administered by implantation (e.g., subcutaneously or intramuscularly) or by intramuscular injection. Thus, for example, the compounds can be formulated with suitable polymeric or hydrophobic materials (for example, as an emulsion in an acceptable oil) or ion exchange resins, or as sparingly soluble derivatives, for example, as a sparingly soluble salt.
[00122] In particular, a compound disclosed herein can be administered orally, buccally, or sublingually in the form of tablets containing excipients, such as starch or lactose, or in capsules or ovules, either alone or in admixture with excipients, or in the form of elixirs or suspensions containing flavoring or coloring agents. Such liquid preparations can be prepared with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, such as suspending agents. A compound also can be injected parenterally, for example, intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intracoronarily. For parenteral administration, the compound is best used in the form of a sterile aqueous solution which can contain other substances, for example, salts, or sugar alcohols, such as mannitol, or glucose, to make the solution isotonic with blood.
[00123] For veterinary use, a compound disclosed herein is administered as a suitably acceptable formulation in accordance with normal veterinary practice. The veterinarian can readily determine the dosing regimen and route of administration that is most appropriate for a particular animal.
[00124] In some embodiments, all the necessary components for the treatment of KRAS- related disorder using a compound as disclosed herein either alone or in combination with another agent or intervention traditionally used for the treatment of such disease may be packaged into a kit. Specifically, the present invention provides a kit for use in the therapeutic intervention of the disease comprising a packaged set of medicaments that include the compound disclosed herein as well as buffers and other components for preparing deliverable forms of said medicaments, and/or devices for delivering such medicaments, and/or any agents that are used in combination therapy with the compound disclosed herein, and/or instructions for the treatment of the disease packaged with the medicaments. The instructions may be fixed in any tangible medium, such as printed paper, or a computer readable magnetic or optical medium, or instructions to reference a remote computer data source such as a world wide web page accessible via the internet.
[00125] A“therapeutically effective amount” means an amount effective to treat or to prevent development of, or to alleviate the existing symptoms of, the subject being treated. Determination of the effective amounts is well within the capability of those skilled in the art, especially in light of the detailed disclosure provided herein. Generally, a“therapeutically effective dose” refers to that amount of the compound that results in achieving the desired effect. For example, in one preferred embodiment, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound disclosed herein decreases KRAS activity by at least 5%, compared to control, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, or at least 90%.
[00126] The amount of compound administered can be dependent on the subject being treated, on the subject's age, health, sex, and weight, the kind of concurrent treatment (if any), severity of the affliction, the nature of the effect desired, the manner and frequency of treatment, and the judgment of the prescribing physician. The frequency of dosing also can be dependent on pharmacodynamic effects on arterial oxygen pressures. However, the most preferred dosage can be tailored to the individual subject, as is understood and determinable by one of skill in the art, without undue experimentation. This typically involves adjustment of a standard dose (e.g., reduction of the dose if the patient has a low body weight).
[00127] While individual needs vary, determination of optimal ranges of effective amounts of the compound is within the skill of the art. For administration to a human in the curative or prophylactic treatment of the conditions and disorders identified herein, for example, typical dosages of the compounds of the present invention can be about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 50 mg/kg/day, for example at least 0.05 mg/kg, at least 0.08 mg/kg, at least 0.1 mg/kg, at least 0.2 mg/kg, at least 0.3 mg/kg, at least 0.4 mg/kg, or at least 0.5 mg/kg, and preferably 50 mg/kg or less, 40 mg/kg or less, 30 mg/kg or less, 20 mg/kg or less, or 10 mg/kg or less, which can be about 2.5 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg x 5kg) to about 5000 mg/day (50mg/kg x 100kg), for example. For example, dosages of the compounds can be about 0.1 mg/kg/day to about 50 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 10 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 5 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 0.07 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 0.09 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 0.05 mg/kg/day to about 0.1 mg/kg/day, about 0.1 mg/kg/day to about 1 mg/kg/day, about 1 mg/kg/day to about 10 mg/kg/day, about 1 mg/kg/day to about 5 mg/kg/day, about 1 mg/kg/day to about 3 mg/kg/day, about 3 mg/day to about 500 mg/day, about 5 mg/day to about 250 mg/day, about 10 mg/day to about 100 mg/day, about 3 mg/day to about 10 mg/day, or about 100 mg/day to about 250 mg/day. Such doses may be administered in a single dose or it may be divided into multiple doses.
Methods of using KRAS G12C inhibitors
[00128] The present disclosure provides a method of inhibiting RAS-mediated cell signaling comprising contacting a cell with an effective amount of one or more compounds disclosed herein. Inhibition of RAS-mediated signal transduction can be assessed and demonstrated by a wide variety of ways known in the art. Non-limiting examples include a showing of (a) a decrease in GTPase activity of RAS; (b) a decrease in GTP binding affinity or an increase in GDP binding affinity; (c) an increase in K off of GTP or a decrease in K off of GDP; (d) a decrease in the levels of signaling transduction molecules downstream in the RAS pathway, such as a decrease in pMEK, pERK, or pAKT levels; and/or (e) a decrease in binding of RAS complex to downstream signaling molecules including but not limited to Raf. Kits and commercially available assays can be utilized for determining one or more of the above.
[00129] The disclosure also provides methods of using the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure to treat disease conditions, including but not limited to conditions implicated by G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutation (e.g., cancer).
[00130] In some embodiments, a method for treatment of cancer is provided, the method comprising administering an effective amount of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound as disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the cancer is mediated by a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation. In various embodiments, the cancer is pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer or lung cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is gall bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and bile duct cancer.
[00131] In some embodiments the disclosure provides method of treating a disorder in a subject in need thereof, wherein the said method comprises determining if the subject has a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation and if the subject is determined to have the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation, then administering to the subject a therapeutically effective dose of at least one compound as disclosed herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[00132] The disclosed compounds inhibit anchorage-independent cell growth and therefore have the potential to inhibit tumor metastasis. Accordingly, another embodiment the disclosure provides a method for inhibiting tumor metastasis, the method comprising administering an effective amount a compound disclosed herein.
[00133] KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutations have also been identified in
hematological malignancies (e.g., cancers that affect blood, bone marrow and/or lymph nodes). Accordingly, certain embodiments are directed to administration of a disclosed compounds (e.g., in the form of a pharmaceutical composition) to a patient in need of treatment of a hematological malignancy. Such malignancies include, but are not limited to leukemias and lymphomas. For example, the presently disclosed compounds can be used for treatment of diseases such as Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), Acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) and/ or other leukemias. In other embodiments, the compounds are useful for treatment of lymphomas such as all subtypes of Hodgkins lymphoma or non-Hodgkins lymphoma. In various embodiments, the compounds are useful for treatment of plasma cell malignancies such as multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom’s macroglubunemia.
[00134] Determining whether a tumor or cancer comprises a G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutation can be undertaken by assessing the nucleotide sequence encoding the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein, by assessing the amino acid sequence of the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein, or by assessing the characteristics of a putative KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutant protein. The sequence of wild-type human KRAS, HRAS or NRAS is known in the art, (e.g. Accession No. NP203524).
[00135] Methods for detecting a mutation in a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS nucleotide sequence are known by those of skill in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assays, polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) assays, real-time PCR assays, PCR sequencing, mutant allele-specific PCR amplification (MASA) assays, direct sequencing, primer extension reactions, electrophoresis, oligonucleotide ligation assays, hybridization assays, TaqMan assays, SNP genotyping assays, high resolution melting assays and microarray analyses. In some embodiments, samples are evaluated for G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutations by real-time PCR. In real-time PCR, fluorescent probes specific for the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation are used. When a mutation is present, the probe binds and fluorescence is detected. In some embodiments, the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C mutation is identified using a direct sequencing method of specific regions (e.g., exon 2 and/or exon 3) in the KRAS, HRAS or NRAS gene. This technique will identify all possible mutations in the region sequenced.
[00136] Methods for detecting a mutation in a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein are known by those of skill in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to, detection of a KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutant using a binding agent (e.g., an antibody) specific for the mutant protein, protein electrophoresis and Western blotting, and direct peptide sequencing.
[00137] Methods for determining whether a tumor or cancer comprises a G12C KRAS, HRAS or NRAS mutation can use a variety of samples. In some embodiments, the sample is taken from a subject having a tumor or cancer. In some embodiments, the sample is a fresh tumor/cancer sample. In some embodiments, the sample is a frozen tumor/cancer sample. In some embodiments, the sample is a formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded sample. In some embodiments, the sample is a circulating tumor cell (CTC) sample. In some embodiments, the sample is processed to a cell lysate. In some embodiments, the sample is processed to DNA or RNA.
[00138] The disclosure also relates to a method of treating a hyperproliferative disorder in a mammal that comprises administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, said method relates to the treatment of a subject who suffers from a cancer such as acute myeloid leukemia, cancer in adolescents, adrenocortical carcinoma childhood, AIDS-related cancers (e.g. Lymphoma and Kaposi's Sarcoma), anal cancer, appendix cancer, astrocytomas, atypical teratoid, basal cell carcinoma, bile duct cancer, bladder cancer, bone cancer, brain stem glioma, brain tumor, breast cancer, bronchial tumors, Burkitt lymphoma, carcinoid tumor, atypical teratoid, embryonal tumors, germ cell tumor, primary lymphoma, cervical cancer, childhood cancers, chordoma, cardiac tumors, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), chronic myleoproliferative disorders, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, craniopharyngioma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, extrahepatic ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), embryonal tumors, CNS cancer, endometrial cancer, ependymoma, esophageal cancer, esthesioneuroblastoma, ewing sarcoma, extracranial germ cell tumor, extragonadal germ cell tumor, eye cancer, fibrous histiocytoma of bone, gall bladder cancer, gastric cancer, gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), germ cell tumor, gestational trophoblastic tumor, hairy cell leukemia, head and neck cancer, heart cancer, liver cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, hypopharyngeal cancer, intraocular melanoma, islet cell tumors, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, kidney cancer, laryngeal cancer, lip and oral cavity cancer, liver cancer,
 lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS),
 lung cancer, lymphoma, metastatic squamous neck cancer with occult primary,
 midline tract carcinoma,
 mouth cancer
 multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes,
 multiple
myeloma/plasma cell neoplasm,
 mycosis fungoides, myelodysplastic syndromes,
 myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, multiple myeloma, merkel cell carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone and osteosarcoma, nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer,
 nasopharyngeal cancer, neuroblastoma,
 non-hodgkin lymphoma,
 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), oral cancer, lip and oral cavity cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, papillomatosis, paraganglioma,
 paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer,
 parathyroid cancer,
 penile cancer,
 pharyngeal cancer,
 pleuropulmonary blastoma, primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma,
 prostate cancer, rectal cancer, transitional cell cancer,
 retinoblastoma,
 rhabdomyosarcoma, salivary gland cancer,
 skin cancer, stomach (gastric) cancer, small cell lung cancer,
 small intestine cancer,
 soft tissue sarcoma, T-Cell lymphoma,
 testicular cancer, throat cancer,
 thymoma and thymic carcinoma, thyroid cancer, transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter, trophoblastic tumor, unusual cancers of childhood,
 urethral cancer, uterine sarcoma, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, or viral-induced cancer. In some embodiments, said method relates to the treatment of a non-cancerous hyperproliferative disorder such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (e. g., psoriasis), restenosis, or prostate (e. g., benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)).
[00139] In some embodiments, the methods for treatment are directed to treating lung cancers, the methods comprise administering an effective amount of any of the above described compound (or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same) to a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments the lung cancer is a non- small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), for example adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell lung carcinoma or large-cell lung carcinoma. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is a small cell lung carcinoma. Other lung cancers treatable with the disclosed compounds include, but are not limited to, glandular tumors, carcinoid tumors and undifferentiated carcinomas.
[00140] The disclosure further provides methods of modulating a G12C Mutant KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein activity by contacting the protein with an effective amount of a compound of the disclosure. Modulation can be inhibiting or activating protein activity. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting protein activity by contacting the G12C Mutant KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein with an effective amount of a compound of the disclosure in solution. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting the G12C Mutant KRAS, HRAS or NRAS protein activity by contacting a cell, tissue, or organ that expresses the protein of interest. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting protein activity in subject including but not limited to rodents and mammal (e.g., human) by administering into the subject an effective amount of a compound of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the percentage modulation exceeds 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. In some embodiments, the percentage of inhibiting exceeds 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.
[00141] In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a cell by contacting said cell with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said cell. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a tissue by contacting said tissue with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said tissue. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in an organism by contacting said organism with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said organism. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in an animal by contacting said animal with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said animal. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a mammal by contacting said mammal with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said mammal. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of inhibiting KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a human by contacting said human with an amount of a compound of the disclosure sufficient to inhibit the activity of KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C in said human. The present disclosure provides methods of treating a disease mediated by KRAS, HRAS or NRAS G12C activity in a subject in need of such treatment. Combination Therapy:
[0142] The present disclosure also provides methods for combination therapies in which an agent known to modulate other pathways, or other components of the same pathway, or even overlapping sets of target enzymes are used in combination with a compound of the present disclosure, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In one aspect, such therapy includes but is not limited to the combination of one or more compounds of the disclosure with chemotherapeutic agents, therapeutic antibodies, and radiation treatment, to provide a synergistic or additive therapeutic effect.
[0143] Many chemotherapeutics are presently known in the art and can be used in combination with the compounds of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the
chemotherapeutic is selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti- hormones, angiogenesis inhibitors, and anti-androgens. Non-limiting examples are chemotherapeutic agents, cytotoxic agents, and non-peptide small molecules such as Gleevec® (Imatinib Mesylate), Kyprolis® (carfilzomib), Velcade® (bortezomib), Casodex (bicalutamide), Iressa® (gefitinib), and Adriamycin as well as a host of chemotherapeutic agents. Non- limiting examples of chemotherapeutic agents include alkylating agents such as thiotepa and cyclosphosphamide (CYTOXANTM); alkyl sulfonates such as busulfan, improsulfan and piposulfan; aziridines such as benzodopa, carboquone, meturedopa, and uredopa;
ethylenimines and methylamelamines including altretamine, triethylenemelamine, trietylenephosphoramide, triethylenethiophosphaoramide and trimethylolomelamine; nitrogen mustards such as chlorambucil, chlornaphazine, cholophosphamide, estramustine, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, mechlorethamine oxide hydrochloride, melphalan, novembichin, phenesterine, prednimustine, trofosfamide, uracil mustard; nitrosureas such as carmustine, chlorozotocin, fotemustine, lomustine, nimustine, ranimustine; antibiotics such as aclacinomysins, actinomycin, authramycin, azaserine, bleomycins, cactinomycin, calicheamicin, carabicin, carminomycin, carzinophilin, CasodexTM, chromomycins, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, detorubicin, 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine, doxorubicin, epirubicin, esorubicin, idarubicin, marcellomycin, mitomycins, mycophenolic acid, nogalamycin, olivomycins, peplomycin, potfiromycin, puromycin, quelamycin, rodorubicin, streptonigrin, streptozocin, tubercidin, ubenimex, zinostatin, zorubicin; anti-metabolites such as methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); folic acid analogues such as denopterin, methotrexate, pteropterin, trimetrexate; purine analogs such as fludarabine, 6- mercaptopurine, thiamiprine, thioguanine; pyrimidine analogs such as ancitabine, azacitidine, 6-azauridine, carmofur, cytarabine, dideoxyuridine, doxifluridine, enocitabine, floxuridine, androgens such as calusterone, dromostanolone propionate, epitiostanol, mepitiostane, testolactone; anti-adrenals such as aminoglutethimide, mitotane, trilostane; folic acid replenisher such as frolinic acid; aceglatone; aldophosphamide glycoside; aminolevulinic acid; amsacrine; bestrabucil; bisantrene; edatraxate; defofamine; demecolcine; diaziquone; elfomithine; elliptinium acetate; etoglucid; gallium nitrate; hydroxyurea; lentinan;
lonidamine; mitoguazone; mitoxantrone; mopidamol; nitracrine; pentostatin; phenamet; pirarubicin; podophyllinic acid; 2-ethylhydrazide; procarbazine; PSK; razoxane; sizofiran; spirogermanium; tenuazonic acid; triaziquone; 2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine; urethan;
vindesine; dacarbazine; mannomustine; mitobronitol; mitolactol; pipobroman; gacytosine; arabinoside (“Ara-C”); cyclophosphamide; thiotepa; taxanes, e.g. paclitaxel and docetaxel; retinoic acid; esperamicins; capecitabine; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, acids or derivatives of any of the above.
[0144] Also included as suitable chemotherapeutic cell conditioners are anti-hormonal agents that act to regulate or inhibit hormone action on tumors such as anti-estrogens including for example tamoxifen, (NolvadexTM), raloxifene, aromatase inhibiting 4(5)- imidazoles, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, trioxifene, keoxifene, LY 117018, onapristone, and toremifene (Fareston); and anti-androgens such as flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide, leuprolide, and goserelin; chlorambucil; gemcitabine; 6-thioguanine; mercaptopurine;
methotrexate; platinum analogs such as cisplatin and carboplatin; vinblastine; platinum; etoposide (VP-16); ifosfamide; mitomycin C; mitoxantrone; vincristine; vinorelbine;
navelbine; novantrone; teniposide; daunomycin; aminopterin; xeloda; ibandronate;
camptothecin-11 (CPT-11); topoisomerase inhibitor RFS 2000; difluoromethylornithine (DMFO).
[0145] Where desired, the compounds or pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure can be used in combination with commonly prescribed anti-cancer drugs such as Herceptin®, Avastin®, Erbitux®, Rituxan®, Taxol®, Arimidex®, Taxotere®, ABVD, AVICINE, Abagovomab, Acridine carboxamide, Adecatumumab, 17-N-Allylamino-17- demethoxygeldanamycin, Alpharadin, Alvocidib, 3-Aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, Amonafide, Anthracenedione, Anti-CD22 immunotoxins, Antineoplastic, Antitumorigenic herbs, Apaziquone, Atiprimod, Azathioprine, Belotecan, Bendamustine, BIBW 2992, Biricodar, Brostallicin, Bryostatin, Buthionine sulfoximine, CBV (chemotherapy), Calyculin, cell-cycle nonspecific antineoplastic agents, Dichloroacetic acid, Discodermolide, Elsamitrucin, Enocitabine, Epothilone, Eribulin, Everolimus, Exatecan, Exisulind, Ferruginol, Forodesine, Fosfestrol, ICE chemotherapy regimen, IT-101, Imexon, Imiquimod, Indolocarbazole, Irofulven, Laniquidar, Larotaxel, Lenalidomide, Lucanthone, Lurtotecan, Mafosfamide, Mitozolomide, Nafoxidine, Nedaplatin, Olaparib, Ortataxel, PAC- 1, Pawpaw, Pixantrone, Proteasome inhibitor, Rebeccamycin, Resiquimod, Rubitecan, SN- 38, Salinosporamide A, Sapacitabine, Stanford V, Swainsonine, Talaporfin, Tariquidar, Tegafur-uracil, Temodar, Tesetaxel, Triplatin tetranitrate, Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine, Troxacitabine, Uramustine, Vadimezan, Vinflunine, ZD6126 or Zosuquidar.
[0146] This disclosure further relates to a method for using the compounds or
pharmaceutical compositions provided herein, in combination with radiation therapy for inhibiting abnormal cell growth or treating the hyperproliferative disorder in the mammal. Techniques for administering radiation therapy are known in the art, and these techniques can be used in the combination therapy described herein. The administration of the compound of the disclosure in this combination therapy can be determined as described herein.
[0147] Radiation therapy can be administered through one of several methods, or a combination of methods, including without limitation external-beam therapy, internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery, systemic radiation therapy, radiotherapy and permanent or temporary interstitial brachytherapy. The term
“brachytherapy,” as used herein, refers to radiation therapy delivered by a spatially confined radioactive material inserted into the body at or near a tumor or other proliferative tissue disease site. The term is intended without limitation to include exposure to radioactive isotopes (e.g. At-211, I-131, I-125, Y-90, Re-186, Re-188, Sm- 153, Bi-212, P-32, and radioactive isotopes of Lu). Suitable radiation sources for use as a cell conditioner of the present disclosure include both solids and liquids. By way of non-limiting example, the radiation source can be a radionuclide, such as I-125, I-131, Yb-169, Ir-192 as a solid source, I-125 as a solid source, or other radionuclides that emit photons, beta particles, gamma radiation, or other therapeutic rays. The radioactive material can also be a fluid made from any solution of radionuclide(s), e.g., a solution of I-125 or I-131, or a radioactive fluid can be produced using a slurry of a suitable fluid containing small particles of solid radionuclides, such as Au-198, Y-90. Moreover, the radionuclide(s) can be embodied in a gel or radioactive micro spheres. [0148] The compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure can be used in combination with an amount of one or more substances selected from anti- angiogenesis agents, signal transduction inhibitors, antiproliferative agents, glycolysis inhibitors, or autophagy inhibitors.
[0149] Anti-angiogenesis agents, such as MMP-2 (matrix-metalloproteinase 2) inhibitors, MMP-9 (matrix-metalloprotienase 9) inhibitors, and COX-11 (cyclooxygenase 11) inhibitors, can be used in conjunction with a compound of the disclosure and pharmaceutical compositions described herein. Anti-angiogenesis agents include, for example, rapamycin, temsirolimus (CCI-779), everolimus (RAD001), sorafenib, sunitinib, and bevacizumab. Examples of useful COX-II inhibitors include alecoxib, valdecoxib, and rofecoxib. Examples of useful matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors are described in WO 96/33172 WO 96/27583 European Patent Publication EP0818442, European Patent Publication EP1004578 , WO 98/07697, WO 98/03516, WO 98/34918, WO 98/34915, WO 98/33768, WO 98/30566, European Patent Publication 606046, European Patent Publication 931788, WO 90/05719, WO 99/52910, WO 99/52889, WO 99/29667, WO 99/007675 , European Patent Publication EP1786785, European Patent Publication No. EP1181017, United States Publication
US20090012085 , United States Publication US 5,863,949, United States Publication US 5,861,510, and European Patent Publication EP0780386 , all of which are incorporated herein in their entireties by reference. Preferred MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitors are those that have little or no activity inhibiting MMP-1. More preferred, are those that selectively inhibit MMP-2 and/or AMP-9 relative to the other matrix- metalloproteinases (i. e., MAP-1, MMP- 3, MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6, MMP- 7, MMP- 8, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, andMMP- 13). Some specific examples of MMP inhibitors useful in the disclosure are AG-3340, RO 32-3555, and RS 13-0830.
[0150] The present compounds may also be used in co-therapies with other anti-neoplastic agents, such as acemannan, aclarubicin, aldesleukin, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, altretamine, amifostine, aminolevulinic acid, amrubicin, amsacrine, anagrelide, anastrozole, ANCER, ancestim, ARGLABIN, arsenic trioxide, BAM 002 (Novelos), bexarotene, bicalutamide, broxuridine, capecitabine, celmoleukin, cetrorelix, cladribine, clotrimazole, cytarabine ocfosfate, DA 3030 (Dong-A), daclizumab, denileukin diftitox, deslorelin, dexrazoxane, dilazep, docetaxel, docosanol, doxercalciferol, doxifluridine, doxorubicin, bromocriptine, carmustine, cytarabine, fluorouracil, HIT diclofenac, interferon alfa, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, tretinoin, edelfosine, edrecolomab, eflornithine, emitefur, epirubicin, epoetin beta, etoposide phosphate, exemestane, exisulind, fadrozole, filgrastim, finasteride, fludarabine phosphate, formestane, fotemustine, gallium nitrate, gemcitabine, gemtuzumab zogamicin, gimeracil/oteracil/tegafur combination, glycopine, goserelin, heptaplatin, human chorionic gonadotropin, human fetal alpha fetoprotein, ibandronic acid, idarubicin,
(imiquimod, interferon alfa, interferon alfa, natural, interferon alfa-2, interferon alfa-2a, interferon alfa-2b, interferon alfa-N1, interferon alfa-n3, interferon alfacon-1, interferon alpha, natural, interferon beta, interferon beta-1a, interferon beta-1b, interferon gamma, natural interferon gamma-1a, interferon gamma-1b, interleukin-1 beta, iobenguane, irinotecan, irsogladine, lanreotide, LC 9018 (Yakult), leflunomide, lenograstim, lentinan sulfate, letrozole, leukocyte alpha interferon, leuprorelin, levamisole + fluorouracil, liarozole, lobaplatin, lonidamine, lovastatin, masoprocol, melarsoprol, metoclopramide, mifepristone, miltefosine, mirimostim, mismatched double stranded RNA, mitoguazone, mitolactol, mitoxantrone, molgramostim, nafarelin, naloxone + pentazocine, nartograstim, nedaplatin, nilutamide, noscapine, novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein, NSC 631570 octreotide, oprelvekin, osaterone, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, pamidronic acid, pegaspargase, peginterferon alfa-2b, pentosan polysulfate sodium, pentostatin, picibanil, pirarubicin, rabbit antithymocyte polyclonal antibody, polyethylene glycol interferon alfa-2a, porfimer sodium, raloxifene, raltitrexed, rasburiembodiment, rhenium Re 186 etidronate, RII retinamide, rituximab, romurtide, samarium (153 Sm) lexidronam, sargramostim, sizofiran, sobuzoxane, sonermin, strontium-89 chloride, suramin, tasonermin, tazarotene, tegafur, temoporfin, temozolomide, teniposide, tetrachlorodecaoxide, thalidomide, thymalfasin, thyrotropin alfa, topotecan, toremifene, tositumomab-iodine 131, trastuzumab, treosulfan, tretinoin, trilostane, trimetrexate, triptorelin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, natural, ubenimex, bladder cancer vaccine, Maruyama vaccine, melanoma lysate vaccine, valrubicin, verteporfin, vinorelbine, VIRULIZIN, zinostatin stimalamer, or zoledronic acid; abarelix; AE 941 (Aeterna), ambamustine, antisense oligonucleotide, bcl-2 (Genta), APC 8015 (Dendreon), cetuximab, decitabine, dexaminoglutethimide, diaziquone, EL 532 (Elan), EM 800 (Endorecherche), eniluracil, etanidazole, fenretinide, filgrastim SD01 (Amgen), fulvestrant, galocitabine, gastrin 17 immunogen, HLA-B7 gene therapy (Vical), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, histamine dihydrochloride, ibritumomab tiuxetan, ilomastat, IM 862 (Cytran), interleukin-2, iproxifene, LDI 200 (Milkhaus), leridistim, lintuzumab, CA 125 MAb (Biomira), cancer MAb (Japan Pharmaceutical Development), HER-2 and Fc MAb
(Medarex), idiotypic 105AD7 MAb (CRC Technology), idiotypic CEA MAb (Trilex), LYM- 1-iodine 131 MAb (Techniclone), polymorphic epithelial mucin-yttrium 90 MAb (Antisoma), marimastat, menogaril, mitumomab, motexafin gadolinium, MX 6 (Galderma), nelarabine, nolatrexed, P 30 protein, pegvisomant, pemetrexed, porfiromycin, prinomastat, RL 0903 (Shire), rubitecan, satraplatin, sodium phenylacetate, sparfosic acid, SRL 172 (SR Pharma), SU 5416 (SUGEN), TA 077 (Tanabe), tetrathiomolybdate, thaliblastine, thrombopoietin, tin ethyl etiopurpurin, tirapazamine, cancer vaccine (Biomira), melanoma vaccine (New York University), melanoma vaccine (Sloan Kettering Institute), melanoma oncolysate vaccine (New York Medical College), viral melanoma cell lysates vaccine (Royal Newcastle Hospital), or valspodar.
[0151] The compounds of the invention may further be used with VEGFR inhibitors. Other compounds described in the following patents and patent applications can be used in combination therapy: US 6,258,812, US 2003/0105091, WO 01/37820, US 6,235,764, WO 01/32651, US 6,630,500, US 6,515,004, US 6,713,485, US 5,521,184, US 5,770,599, US 5,747,498, WO 02/68406, WO 02/66470, WO 02/55501, WO 04/05279, WO 04/07481, WO 04/07458, WO 04/09784, WO 02/59110, WO 99/45009, WO 00/59509, WO 99/61422, US 5,990,141, WO 00/12089, and WO 00/02871.
[0152] In some embodiments, the combination comprises a composition of the present invention in combination with at least one anti-angiogenic agent. Agents are inclusive of, but not limited to, in vitro synthetically prepared chemical compositions, antibodies, antigen binding regions, radionuclides, and combinations and conjugates thereof. An agent can be an agonist, antagonist, allosteric modulator, toxin or, more generally, may act to inhibit or stimulate its target (e.g., receptor or enzyme activation or inhibition), and thereby promote cell death or arrest cell growth.
[0153] Exemplary anti-angiogenic agents include ERBITUX™ (IMC-C225), KDR (kinase domain receptor) inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies and antigen binding regions that specifically bind to the kinase domain receptor), anti-VEGF agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind VEGF, or soluble VEGF receptors or a ligand binding region thereof) such as AVASTIN™ or VEGF-TRAP™, and anti-VEGF receptor agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto), EGFR inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto) such as Vectibix (panitumumab), IRESSA™ (gefitinib), TARCEVA™ (erlotinib), anti-Ang1 and anti-Ang2 agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding thereto or to their receptors, e.g., Tie2/Tek), and anti-Tie2 kinase inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto). The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can also include one or more agents (e.g., antibodies, antigen binding regions, or soluble receptors) that specifically bind and inhibit the activity of growth factors, such as antagonists of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as Scatter Factor), and antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind its receptor "c-met".
[0154] Other anti-angiogenic agents include Campath, IL-8, B-FGF, Tek antagonists (Ceretti et al., U.S. Publication No.2003/0162712; U.S. Patent No.6,413,932), anti-TWEAK agents (e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions, or soluble TWEAK receptor antagonists; see, Wiley, U.S. Patent No.6,727,225), ADAM distintegrin domain to antagonize the binding of integrin to its ligands (Fanslow et al., U.S. Publication No.
2002/0042368), specifically binding anti-eph receptor and/or anti-ephrin antibodies or antigen binding regions (U.S. Patent Nos.5,981,245; 5,728,813; 5,969,110; 6,596,852; 6,232,447; 6,057,124 and patent family members thereof), and anti-PDGF-BB antagonists (e.g., specifically binding antibodies or antigen binding regions) as well as antibodies or antigen binding regions specifically binding to PDGF-BB ligands, and PDGFR kinase inhibitory agents (e.g., antibodies or antigen binding regions that specifically bind thereto).
[0155] Additional anti-angiogenic/anti-tumor agents include: SD-7784 (Pfizer, USA); cilengitide.(Merck KGaA, Germany, EPO 770622); pegaptanib octasodium, (Gilead Sciences, USA); Alphastatin, (BioActa, UK); M-PGA, (Celgene, USA, US 5712291);
ilomastat, (Arriva, USA, US 5892112); emaxanib, (Pfizer, USA, US 5792783); vatalanib, (Novartis, Switzerland); 2-methoxyestradiol, (EntreMed, USA); TLC ELL-12, (Elan, Ireland); anecortave acetate, (Alcon, USA); alpha-D148 Mab, (Amgen, USA); CEP- 7055,(Cephalon, USA); anti-Vn Mab, (Crucell, Netherlands) DAC:antiangiogenic,
(ConjuChem, Canada); Angiocidin, (InKine Pharmaceutical, USA); KM-2550, (Kyowa Hakko, Japan); SU-0879, (Pfizer, USA); CGP-79787, (Novartis, Switzerland, EP 970070); ARGENT technology, (Ariad, USA); YIGSR-Stealth, (Johnson & Johnson, USA);
fibrinogen-E fragment, (BioActa, UK); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Trigen, UK); TBC-1635, (Encysive Pharmaceuticals, USA); SC-236, (Pfizer, USA); ABT-567, (Abbott, USA);
Metastatin, (EntreMed, USA); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Tripep, Sweden); maspin, (Sosei, Japan); 2-methoxyestradiol, (Oncology Sciences Corporation, USA); ER-68203-00, (IVAX, USA); Benefin, (Lane Labs, USA); Tz-93, (Tsumura, Japan); TAN-1120, (Takeda, Japan); FR-111142, (Fujisawa, Japan, JP 02233610); platelet factor 4, (RepliGen, USA, EP 407122); vascular endothelial growth factor antagonist, (Borean, Denmark); bevacizumab (pINN), (Genentech, USA); angiogenesis inhibitors, (SUGEN, USA); XL 784, (Exelixis, USA); XL 647, (Exelixis, USA); MAb, alpha5beta3 integrin, second generation, (Applied Molecular Evolution, USA and MedImmune, USA); gene therapy, retinopathy, (Oxford BioMedica, UK); enzastaurin hydrochloride (USAN), (Lilly, USA); CEP 7055, (Cephalon, USA and Sanofi-Synthelabo, France); BC 1, (Genoa Institute of Cancer Research, Italy); angiogenesis inhibitor, (Alchemia, Australia); VEGF antagonist, (Regeneron, USA); rBPI 21 and BPI- derived antiangiogenic, (XOMA, USA); PI 88, (Progen, Australia); cilengitide (pINN), (Merck KGaA, German; Munich Technical University, Germany, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, USA); cetuximab (INN), (Aventis, France); AVE 8062, (Ajinomoto, Japan); AS 1404, (Cancer Research Laboratory, New Zealand); SG 292, (Telios, USA); Endostatin, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); ATN 161, (Attenuon, USA);
ANGIOSTATIN, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); 2-methoxyestradiol, (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA); ZD 6474, (AstraZeneca, UK); ZD 6126, (Angiogene Pharmaceuticals, UK); PPI 2458, (Praecis, USA); AZD 9935, (AstraZeneca, UK); AZD 2171, (AstraZeneca, UK); vatalanib (pINN), (Novartis, Switzerland and Schering AG, Germany); tissue factor pathway inhibitors, (EntreMed, USA); pegaptanib (Pinn), (Gilead Sciences, USA); xanthorrhizol, (Yonsei University, South Korea); vaccine, gene-based, VEGF-2, (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, USA); SPV5.2, (Supratek, Canada); SDX 103, (University of California at San Diego, USA); PX 478, (ProlX, USA); METASTATIN, (EntreMed, USA); troponin I, (Harvard University, USA); SU 6668, (SUGEN, USA); OXI 4503, (OXiGENE, USA); o-guanidines, ( Dimensional Pharmaceuticals, USA); motuporamine C, (British Columbia University, Canada); CDP 791, (Celltech Group, UK); atiprimod (pINN), (GlaxoSmithKline, UK); E 7820, (Eisai, Japan); CYC 381, (Harvard University, USA); AE 941, (Aeterna, Canada); vaccine, angiogenesis, (EntreMed, USA); urokinase plasminogen activator inhibitor, (Dendreon, USA); oglufanide (pINN), (Melmotte, USA); HIF-1alfa inhibitors, (Xenova, UK); CEP 5214, (Cephalon, USA); BAY RES 2622, (Bayer, Germany); Angiocidin, (InKine, USA); A6, (Angstrom, USA); KR 31372, (Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, South Korea); GW 2286, (GlaxoSmithKline, UK); EHT 0101, (ExonHit, France); CP 868596, (Pfizer, USA); CP 564959, (OSI, USA); CP 547632, (Pfizer, USA); 786034, (GlaxoSmithKline, UK); KRN 633, (Kirin Brewery, Japan); drug delivery system, intraocular, 2-methoxyestradiol, (EntreMed, USA); anginex, (Maastricht University, Netherlands, and Minnesota University, USA); ABT 510, (Abbott, USA); AAL 993, (Novartis, Switzerland); VEGI, (ProteomTech, USA); tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, (National Institute on Aging, USA); SU 11248, (Pfizer, USA and SUGEN USA); ABT 518, (Abbott, USA); YH16, (Yantai Rongchang, China); S-3APG , (Boston Childrens Hospital, USA and EntreMed, USA); MAb, KDR, (ImClone Systems, USA); MAb, alpha5 beta1, (Protein Design, USA); KDR kinase inhibitor, (Celltech Group, UK, and Johnson & Johnson, USA); GFB 116, (South Florida University, USA and Yale University, USA); CS 706, (Sankyo, Japan); combretastatin A4 prodrug, (Arizona State University, USA);
chondroitinase AC, (IBEX, Canada); BAY RES 2690, (Bayer, Germany); AGM 1470, (Harvard University, USA, Takeda, Japan, and TAP, USA); AG 13925, (Agouron, USA); Tetrathiomolybdate, (University of Michigan, USA); GCS 100, (Wayne State University, USA) CV 247, (Ivy Medical, UK); CKD 732, (Chong Kun Dang, South Korea); MAb, vascular endothelium growth factor, (Xenova, UK); irsogladine (INN), (Nippon Shinyaku, Japan); RG 13577, (Aventis, France); WX 360, (Wilex, Germany); squalamine (pINN), (Genaera, USA); RPI 4610, (Sirna, USA); cancer therapy, (Marinova, Australia); heparanase inhibitors, (InSight, Israel); KL 3106, (Kolon, South Korea); Honokiol, (Emory University, USA); ZK CDK, (Schering AG, Germany); ZK Angio, (Schering AG, Germany); ZK 229561, (Novartis, Switzerland, and Schering AG, Germany); XMP 300, (XOMA, USA); VGA 1102, (Taisho, Japan); VEGF receptor modulators, (Pharmacopeia, USA); VE- cadherin-2 antagonists , (ImClone Systems, USA); Vasostatin, (National Institutes of Health, USA);vaccine, Flk-1, (ImClone Systems, USA); TZ 93, (Tsumura, Japan); TumStatin, (Beth Israel Hospital, USA); truncated soluble FLT 1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1), (Merck & Co, USA); Tie-2 ligands, (Regeneron, USA); and, thrombospondin 1 inhibitor, (Allegheny Health, Education and Research Foundation, USA).
[0156] Autophagy inhibitors include, but are not limited to chloroquine, 3- methyladenine, hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil™), bafilomycin A1, 5-amino-4- imidazole carboxamide riboside (AICAR), okadaic acid, autophagy-suppressive algal toxins which inhibit protein phosphatases of type 2A or type 1, analogues of cAMP, and drugs which elevate cAMP levels such as adenosine, LY204002, N6-mercaptopurine riboside, and vinblastine. In addition, antisense or siRNA that inhibits expression of proteins including but not limited to ATG5 (which are implicated in autophagy), may also be used.
[0157] Additional pharmaceutically active compounds/agents that can be used in the treatment of cancers and that can be used in combination with one or more compound of the present invention include: epoetin alfa; darbepoetin alfa; panitumumab; pegfilgrastim;
palifermin; filgrastim; denosumab; ancestim; AMG 102; AMG 386; AMG 479; AMG 655; AMG 745; AMG 951; and AMG 706, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [0158] In certain embodiments, a composition provided herein is conjointly administered with a chemotherapeutic agent. Suitable chemotherapeutic agents may include, natural products such as vinca alkaloids (e.g., vinblastine, vincristine, and vinorelbine), paclitaxel, epidipodophyllotoxins (e.g., etoposide and teniposide), antibiotics (e.g., dactinomycin (actinomycin D), daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and idarubicin), anthracyclines, mitoxantrone, bleomycins, plicamycin (mithramycin), mitomycin, enzymes (e.g., L-asparaginase which systemically metabolizes L-asparagine and deprives cells which do not have the capacity to synthesize their own asparagine), antiplatelet agents, antiproliferative/antimitotic alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustards (e.g., mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide and analogs, melphalan, and chlorambucil), ethylenimines and methylmelamines (e.g.,
hexaamethylmelaamine and thiotepa), CDK inhibitors (e.g., seliciclib, UCN-01, P1446A-05, PD-0332991, dinaciclib, P27-00, AT-7519, RGB286638, and SCH727965), alkyl sulfonates (e.g., busulfan), nitrosoureas (e.g., carmustine (BCNU) and analogs, and streptozocin), trazenes-dacarbazinine (DTIC), antiproliferative/antimitotic antimetabolites such as folic acid analogs (e.g., methotrexate), pyrimidine analogs (e.g., fluorouracil, floxuridine, and cytarabine), purine analogs and related inhibitors (e.g., mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin and 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine), aromatase inhibitors (e.g., anastrozole, exemestane, and letrozole), and platinum coordination complexes (e.g., cisplatin and carboplatin), procarbazine, hydroxyurea, mitotane, aminoglutethimide, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (e.g., trichostatin, sodium butyrate, apicidan, suberoyl anilide hydroamic acid, vorinostat, LBH 589, romidepsin, ACY-1215, and panobinostat), mTor inhibitors (e.g., temsirolimus, everolimus, ridaforolimus, and sirolimus), KSP(Eg5) inhibitors (e.g., Array 520), DNA binding agents (e.g., Zalypsis), PI3K delta inhibitor (e.g., GS-1101 and TGR- 1202), PI3K delta and gamma inhibitor (e.g., CAL-130), multi-kinase inhibitor (e.g., TG02 and sorafenib), hormones (e.g., estrogen) and hormone agonists such as leutinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists (e.g., goserelin, leuprolide and triptorelin), BAFF- neutralizing antibody (e.g., LY2127399), IKK inhibitors, p38MAPK inhibitors, anti-IL-6 (e.g., CNTO328), telomerase inhibitors (e.g., GRN 163L), aurora kinase inhibitors (e.g., MLN8237), cell surface monoclonal antibodies (e.g., anti-CD38 (HUMAX-CD38), anti-CS1 (e.g., elotuzumab), HSP90 inhibitors (e.g., 17 AAG and KOS 953), P13K / Akt inhibitors (e.g., perifosine), Akt inhibitor (e.g., GSK-2141795), PKC inhibitors (e.g., enzastaurin), FTIs (e.g., Zarnestra™), anti-CD138 (e.g., BT062), Torc1/2 specific kinase inhibitor (e.g., INK128), kinase inhibitor (e.g., GS-1101), ER/UPR targeting agent (e.g., MKC-3946), cFMS inhibitor (e.g., ARRY-382), JAK1/2 inhibitor (e.g., CYT387), PARP inhibitor (e.g., olaparib and veliparib (ABT-888)), BCL-2 antagonist. Other chemotherapeutic agents may include mechlorethamine, camptothecin, ifosfamide, tamoxifen, raloxifene, gemcitabine, navelbine, sorafenib, or any analog or derivative variant of the foregoing.
[0159] The compounds of the present invention may also be used in combination with radiation therapy, hormone therapy, surgery and immunotherapy, which therapies are well known to those skilled in the art.
[0160] In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition provided herein is conjointly administered with a steroid. Suitable steroids may include, but are not limited to, 21-acetoxypregnenolone, alclometasone, algestone, amcinonide, beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide, chloroprednisone, clobetasol, clocortolone, cloprednol, corticosterone, cortisone, cortivazol, deflazacort, desonide, desoximetasone, dexamethasone, diflorasone, diflucortolone, difuprednate, enoxolone, fluazacort, flucloronide, flumethasone, flunisolide, fluocinolone acetonide, fluocinonide, fluocortin butyl, fluocortolone,
fluorometholone, fluperolone acetate, fluprednidene acetate, fluprednisolone, flurandrenolide, fluticasone propionate, formocortal, halcinonide, halobetasol propionate, halometasone, hydrocortisone, loteprednol etabonate, mazipredone, medrysone, meprednisone,
methylprednisolone, mometasone furoate, paramethasone, prednicarbate, prednisolone, prednisolone 25-diethylaminoacetate, prednisolone sodium phosphate, prednisone, prednival, prednylidene, rimexolone, tixocortol, triamcinolone, triamcinolone acetonide, triamcinolone benetonide, triamcinolone hexacetonide, and salts and/or derivatives thereof.In a particular embodiment, the compounds of the present invention can also be used in combination with additional pharmaceutically active agents that treat nausea. Examples of agents that can be used to treat nausea include: dronabinol; granisetron; metoclopramide; ondansetron; and prochlorperazine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0161] The compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure can also be used in combination with an amount of one or more substances selected from EGFR inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, AKT inhibitors, TOR inhibitors, and immune therapies, including anti-PD-1, anti-PDL-1, anti-CTLA4, anti-LAG1, and anti-OX40 agents, GITR agonists, CAR-T cells, and BiTEs.
[0162] EGFR inhibitors include, but are not limited to, small molecule antagonists, antibody inhibitors, or specific antisense nucleotide or siRNA. Useful antibody inhibitors of EGFR include cetuximab (Erbitux), panitumumab (Vectibix), zalutumumab, nimotuzumab, and matuzumab. Small molecule antagonists of EGFR include gefitinib, erlotinib (Tarceva), and most recently, lapatinib (TykerB). See e.g., Yan L, et. al., Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics In Oncology Therapeutic Antibody Development, BioTechniques 2005; 39(4): 565-8, and Paez J G, et. al., EGFR Mutations In Lung Cancer Correlation With Clinical Response To Gefitinib Therapy, Science 2004; 304(5676): 1497-500.
[0163] Non-limiting examples of small molecule EGFR inhibitors include any of the EGFR inhibitors described in the following patent publications, and all pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates of said EGFR inhibitors: European Patent Application EP 520722, published Dec.30, 1992; European Patent Application EP 566226, published Oct. 20, 1993; PCT International Publication WO 96/33980, published Oct.31, 1996; U.S. Pat. No.5,747,498, issued May 5, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 96/30347, published Oct.3, 1996; European Patent Application EP 787772, published Aug.6, 1997; PCT
International Publication WO 97/30034, published Aug.21, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 97/30044, published Aug.21, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 97/38994, published Oct.23, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 97/49688, published Dec.31, 1997; European Patent Application EP 837063, published Apr.22, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 98/02434, published Jan.22, 1998; PCT International
Publication WO 97/38983, published Oct.23, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 95/19774, published Jul.27, 1995; PCT International Publication WO 95/19970, published Jul.27, 1995; PCT International Publication WO 97/13771, published Apr.17, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 98/02437, published Jan.22, 1998; PCT International
Publication WO 98/02438, published Jan.22, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 97/32881, published Sep.12, 1997; German Application DE 19629652, published Jan.29, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 98/33798, published Aug.6, 1998; PCT
International Publication WO 97/32880, published Sep.12, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 97/32880 published Sep.12, 1997; European Patent Application EP 682027, published Nov.15, 1995; PCT International Publication WO 97/02266, published Jan.23, 197; PCT International Publication WO 97/27199, published Jul.31, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 98/07726, published Feb.26, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 97/34895, published Sep.25, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 96/31510′, published Oct.10, 1996; PCT International Publication WO 98/14449, published Apr.9, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 98/14450, published Apr.9, 1998; PCT International
Publication WO 98/14451, published Apr.9, 1998; PCT International Publication WO 95/09847, published Apr.13, 1995; PCT International Publication WO 97/19065, published May 29, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 98/17662, published Apr.30, 1998; U.S. Pat. No.5,789,427, issued Aug.4, 1998; U.S. Pat. No.5,650,415, issued Jul.22, 1997; U.S. Pat. No.5,656,643, issued Aug.12, 1997; PCT International Publication WO 99/35146, published Jul.15, 1999; PCT International Publication WO 99/35132, published Jul.15, 1999; PCT International Publication WO 99/07701, published Feb.18, 1999; and PCT International Publication WO 92/20642 published Nov.26, 1992. Additional non-limiting examples of small molecule EGFR inhibitors include any of the EGFR inhibitors described in Traxler, P., 1998, Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents 8(12):1599-1625.
[0164] Antibody-based EGFR inhibitors include any anti-EGFR antibody or antibody fragment that can partially or completely block EGFR activation by its natural ligand. Non- limiting examples of antibody-based EGFR inhibitors include those described in Modjtahedi, H., et al., 1993, Br. J. Cancer 67:247-253; Teramoto, T., et al., 1996, Cancer 77:639-645; Goldstein et al., 1995, Clin. Cancer Res.1:1311-1318; Huang, S. M., et al., 1999, Cancer Res.15:59(8):1935-40; and Yang, X., et al., 1999, Cancer Res.59:1236-1243. Thus, the EGFR inhibitor can be monoclonal antibody Mab E7.6.3 (Yang, 1999 supra), or Mab C225 (ATCC Accession No. HB-8508), or an antibody or antibody fragment having the binding specificity thereof.
[0165] MEK inhibitors include, but are not limited to, CI-1040, AZD6244, PD318088, PD98059, PD334581, RDEA119, ARRY-142886, ARRY-438162, and PD-325901.
[0166] PI3K inhibitors include, but are not limited to, wortmannin, 17-hydroxywortmannin analogs described in WO 06/044453, 4-[2-(1H-Indazol-4-yl)-6-[[4- (methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]morpholine (also known as GDC 0941 and described in PCT Publication Nos. WO 09/036,082 and WO 09/055,730), 2-Methyl-2-[4-[3-methyl-2-oxo-8-(quinolin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydroimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1- yl]phenyl]propionitrile (also known as BEZ 235 or NVP-BEZ 235, and described in PCT Publication No. WO 06/122806), (S)-1-(4-((2-(2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)-7-methyl-4- morpholinothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-hydroxypropan-1-one (described in PCT Publication No. WO 2008/070740), LY294002 (2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8- phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one available from Axon Medchem), PI 103 hydrochloride (3-[4- (4-morpholinylpyrido-[3′,2′:4,5]furo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]phenol hydrochloride available from Axon Medchem), PIK 75 (N′-[(1E)-(6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)methylene]- N,2-dimethyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfono-hydrazide hydrochloride available from Axon Medchem), PIK 90 (N-(7,8-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydro-imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-5-yl)- nicotinamide available from Axon Medchem), GDC-0941 bismesylate (2-(1H-Indazol-4-yl)- 6-(4-methanesulfonyl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-4-morpholin-4-yl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine bismesylate available from Axon Medchem), AS-252424 (5-[1-[5-(4-Fluoro-2-hydroxy- phenyl)-furan-2-yl]-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-thiazolidine-2,4-dione available from Axon
Medchem), and TGX-221 (7-Methyl-2-(4-morpholinyl)-9-[1-(phenylamino)ethyl]-4H- pyrido-[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one available from Axon Medchem), XL-765, and XL-147. Other PI3K inhibitors include demethoxyviridin, perifosine, CAL101, PX-866, BEZ235, SF1126, INK1117, IPI-145, BKM120, XL147, XL765, Palomid 529, GSK1059615, ZSTK474, PWT33597, IC87114, TG100-115, CAL263, PI-103, GNE-477, CUDC-907, and AEZS-136.
[0167] AKT inhibitors include, but are not limited to, Akt-1-1 (inhibits Akt1) (Barnett et al. (2005) Biochem. J., 385 (Pt.2), 399-408); Akt-1-1,2 (inhibits Ak1 and 2) (Barnett et al. (2005) Biochem. J.385 (Pt.2), 399-408); API-59CJ-Ome (e.g., Jin et al. (2004) Br. J. Cancer 91, 1808-12); 1-H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridinyl compounds (e.g., WO05011700); indole-3- carbinol and derivatives thereof (e.g., U.S. Pat. No.6,656,963; Sarkar and Li (2004) J Nutr. 134(12 Suppl), 3493S-3498S); perifosine (e.g., interferes with Akt membrane localization; Dasmahapatra et al. (2004) Clin. Cancer Res.10(15), 5242-52, 2004); phosphatidylinositol ether lipid analogues (e.g., Gills and Dennis (2004) Expert. Opin. Investig. Drugs 13, 787- 97); and triciribine (TCN or API-2 or NCI identifier: NSC 154020; Yang et al. (2004) Cancer Res.64, 4394-9).
[0168] TOR inhibitors include, but are not limited to, inhibitors include AP-23573, CCI- 779, everolimus, RAD-001, rapamycin, temsirolimus, ATP-competitive TORC1/TORC2 inhibitors, including PI-103, PP242, PP30 and Torin 1. Other TOR inhibitors in FKBP12 enhancer; rapamycins and derivatives thereof, including: CCI-779 (temsirolimus), RAD001 (Everolimus; WO 9409010) and AP23573; rapalogs, e.g. as disclosed in WO 98/02441 and WO 01/14387, e.g. AP23573, AP23464, or AP23841; 40-(2-hydroxyethyl)rapamycin, 40-[3- hydroxy(hydroxymethyl)methylpropanoate]-rapamycin (also called CC1779), 40-epi- (tetrazolyt)-rapamycin (also called ABT578), 32-deoxorapamycin, 16-pentynyloxy-32(S)- dihydrorapanycin, and other derivatives disclosed in WO 05005434; derivatives disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,258,389, WO 94/090101, WO 92/05179, U.S. Pat. No.5,118,677, U.S. Pat. No.5,118,678, U.S. Pat. No.5,100,883, U.S. Pat. No.5,151,413, U.S. Pat. No.5,120,842, WO 93/111130, WO 94/02136, WO 94/02485, WO 95/14023, WO 94/02136, WO 95/16691, WO 96/41807, WO 96/41807 and U.S. Pat. No.5,256,790; phosphorus-containing rapamycin derivatives (e.g., WO 05016252); 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one derivatives (e.g., U.S. Provisional Application No.60/528,340).
[0169] Immune therapies include, but are not limited to, anti-PD-1 agents, anti-PDL-1 agents, anti-CTLA-4 agents, anti-LAG1 agents, and anti-OX40 agents. Exemplary anti-PD-1 antibodies and methods for their use are described by Goldberg et al., Blood 110(1):186-192 (2007), Thompson et al., Clin. Cancer Res.13(6):1757-1761 (2007), and Korman et al., International Application No. PCT/JP2006/309606 (publication no. WO 2006/121168 A1), each of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein. include: Yervoy™
(ipilimumab) or Tremelimumab (to CTLA-4), galiximab (to B7.1), BMS-936558 (to PD-1), MK-3475 (to PD-1), AMP224 (to B7DC), BMS-936559 (to B7-H1), MPDL3280A (to B7- H1), MEDI-570 (to ICOS), AMG557 (to B7H2), MGA271 (to B7H3), IMP321 (to LAG-3), BMS-663513 (to CD137), PF-05082566 (to CD137), CDX-1127 (to CD27), anti-OX40 (Providence Health Services), huMAbOX40L (to OX40L), Atacicept (to TACI), CP-870893 (to CD40), Lucatumumab (to CD40), Dacetuzumab (to CD40), Muromonab-CD3 (to CD3), Ipilumumab (to CTLA-4). Immune therapies also include genetically engineered T-cells (e.g., CAR-T cells) and bispecific antibodies (e.g., BiTEs).
[0170] GITR agonists include, but are not limited to, GITR fusion proteins and anti-GITR antibodies (e.g., bivalent anti-GITR antibodies), such as, a GITR fusion protein described in U.S. Pat. No.6,111,090box.c, European Patent No.: 090505B1, U.S. Pat. No.8,586,023, PCT Publication Nos.: WO 2010/003118 and 2011/090754, or an anti-GITR antibody described, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 7,025,962, European Patent No.: 1947183B1, U.S. Pat. No. 7,812,135, U.S. Pat. No. 8,388,967, U.S. Pat. No. 8,591,886, European Patent No.: EP 1866339, PCT Publication No.: WO 2011/028683, PCT Publication No.: WO 2013/039954, PCT Publication No.: WO2005/007190, PCT Publication No.: WO 2007/133822, PCT Publication No.: WO2005/055808, PCT Publication No.: WO 99/40196, PCT Publication No.: WO 2001/03720, PCT Publication No.: WO99/20758, PCT Publication No.: WO2006/083289, PCT Publication No.: WO 2005/115451, U.S. Pat. No. 7,618,632, and PCT Publication No.: WO 2011/051726.
[0171] The compounds described herein can be used in combination with the agents disclosed herein or other suitable agents, depending on the condition being treated. Hence, in some embodiments the one or more compounds of the disclosure will be co-administered with other agents as described above. When used in combination therapy, the compounds described herein are administered with the second agent simultaneously or separately. This administration in combination can include simultaneous administration of the two agents in the same dosage form, simultaneous administration in separate dosage forms, and separate administration. That is, a compound described herein and any of the agents described above can be formulated together in the same dosage form and administered simultaneously.
Alternatively, a compound of the disclosure and any of the agents described above can be simultaneously administered, wherein both the agents are present in separate formulations. In another alternative, a compound of the present disclosure can be administered just followed by and any of the agents described above, or vice versa. In some embodiments of the separate administration protocol, a compound of the disclosure and any of the agents described above are administered a few minutes apart, or a few hours apart, or a few days apart.
[0172] As one aspect of the present invention contemplates the treatment of the disease/conditions with a combination of pharmaceutically active compounds that may be administered separately, the invention further relates to combining separate pharmaceutical compositions in kit form. The kit comprises two separate pharmaceutical compositions: a compound of the present invention, and a second pharmaceutical compound. The kit comprises a container for containing the separate compositions such as a divided bottle or a divided foil packet. Additional examples of containers include syringes, boxes, and bags. In some embodiments, the kit comprises directions for the use of the separate components. The kit form is particularly advantageous when the separate components are preferably administered in different dosage forms (e.g., oral and parenteral), are administered at different dosage intervals, or when titration of the individual components of the combination is desired by the prescribing health care professional.
EXAMPLES
Method 1
Example 1-1: 1-(4-(6-(2-bromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
Figure imgf000130_0001
[0173] Step 1: 2-Amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzoic acid (Intermediate A). A mixture of 2-amino-4-bromo-3-fluorobenzoic acid (3.91 g, 16.71 mmol, Apollo Scientific Ltd., Stockport, UK) and N-chlorosuccinimide (1.36 mL, 16.7 mmol) in N,N- dimethylformamide (33 mL) was stirred at 70 °C for 20 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to rt, ice water (40 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo to give 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzoic acid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.69 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 6.48–7.23 (2H, br s). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–119.70 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 270.0 (M+H)+.
[0174] Step 2: 2-Amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzamide (Intermediate B). Ammonium chloride (1.10 g, 20.6 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (5.13 mL, 29.5 mmol) were sequentially added to a mixture of 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzoic acid (Intermediate A, 3.96 g, 14.7 mmol) and TBTU (4.97 g, 15.5 mmol, Advanced ChemTech, Louisville, KY, USA) in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 mL), and the resulting was stirred at rt for 30 min. The reaction mixture was then added to saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and stirred for 15 min. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo to give 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.03 (1H, br s), 7.72 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.47 (1H, br s), 6.86 (2H, s). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–120.79 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 268.9 (M+H)+. [0175] Step 3: 2-Amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzothioamide Lawesson's reagent (2.81 g, 6.95 mmol) was added to 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzamide
(Intermediate B, 3.10 g, 11.59 mmol) in THF (77 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (75 mL) and sequentially washed with aqueous 2 M HCl (50 mL), saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50 mL), and brine (50 mL). The organic extract was then dried over Na2SO4, collected by filtration, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–3% MeOH in DCM) provided 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzothioamide: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.93-10.15 (1H, m), 9.63 (1H, br s), 7.28 (1H, d, J = 1.96 Hz), 6.34 (2H, s). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -119.52 (1 F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 284.8 (M+H)+.
[0176] Step 4: 6-Bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-amine Hydrogen peroxide (30% by wt. in water, 2.93 mL, 28.7 mmol) was added dropwise to an ice-cooled solution of 2-amino-4-bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzothioamide (2.71 g, 9.55 mmol) in pyridine (32 mL), and the resulting mixture was subsequently allowed to warm to rt and stir for 24 h. Water (50 mL) was added, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo to give 6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol- 3-amine: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.12-8.26 (2H, m), 7.95-8.06 (1H, m). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–114.32 (1 F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 283.0 (M+H)+.
[0177] Step 5: 6-Bromo-3,5-dichloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate C)To an ice-cooled mixture of 6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-amine (2.47 g, 8.78 mmol), water (12 mL), and concentrated hydrochloric acid (37 wt%, 12 mL, 395 mmol) was slowly added a solution of sodium nitrite (0.788 g, 11.4 mmol) in water (2.0 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2.5 h, and a mixture of copper (I) chloride (1.39 g, 14.1 mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric (37 wt%, 12 mL, 395 mmol) was then added at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was subsequently allowed to warm to rt and stir for 20 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (50 mL), and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo. The collected material was taken up in (3:1) DCM:MeOH (200 mL) and sequentially washed with water (200 mL) and brine (100 mL). The organic layer was then dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–20% EtOAc in heptane) gave 6-bromo-3,5-dichloro- 7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.99 (1H, d, J = 1.57 Hz).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–111.48 (1 F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 425.0 (M+H)+. [0178] Step 6: tert-Butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D)A mixture of 6-bromo-3,5-dichloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate C, 150 mg, 0.497 mmol) and 1-Boc-piperazine (204 mg, 1.09 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (2.0 mL) was stirred at rt for 20 h. The reaction mixture was then adsorbed onto silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0– 20% EtOAc in heptane) to provide tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.1H NMR (400 MHz,
CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.60 (1H, d, J = 1.56 Hz), 3.68-3.79 (4H, m), 3.40-3.51 (4H, m), 1.26 (9H, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 451.8 (M+H)+.
[0179] Step 7: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate A mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6- bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 111 mg, 0.247 mmol), 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzene boronic acid (0.114 mL, 0.494 mmol), sodium carbonate (0.041 mL, 0.988 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (14.3 mg, 0.012 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.6 mL) and water (0.4 mL) was heated at 90 °C for 21 h. The reaction mixture then concentrated in vacuo, adsorbed onto silica gel, and purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0–20% (3:1) EtOAc/EtOH in heptane) to furnish tert- butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine- 1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 558.1 (M+H)+.
[0180] Step 8: 1-(4-(6-(2-bromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one Hydrogen chloride (4M in 1,4-dioxane, 2.0 mL, 8.0 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-bromo-5- methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (107 mg, 0.192 mmol) and methanol (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo to give 6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5- chloro-7-fluoro-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole: m/z (ESI, +ve) 458.0 (M+1)+.
[0181] To this material (88 mg) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.101 mL, 0.578 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL), and the resulting mixture was cooled to 0 °C. Acryloyl chloride (0.26 M in DCM, 0.75 mL, 0.19 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to provide 1-(4- (6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 512.0 (M+H)+. [0182] For compounds without a methyl ether protecting group, the crude material was purified at this stage. For compounds bearing a methyl ether protecting group, the crude material was used in the next transformation without purification:
[0183] The resulting 1-(4-(6-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one was taken up in 1,2- dichloroethane (2.0 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. Boron tribromide solution (1.0 M in hexanes, 0.97 mL, 0.97 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then added to saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2.0 mL) and extracted with (2:1) DCM/MeOH (10 mL). The organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–3% MeOH in DCM) provided 1-(4-(6-(2-bromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ 9.99 (br s, 1 H), 8.04 (s, 1 H), 7.55 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.81 - 6.94 (m, 2 H), 6.79 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.19 (dd, J = 16.7, 2.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.77 (dd, J = 10.5, 2.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.87 (br d, J = 19.5 Hz, 4 H), 3.63 (br t, J = 5.1 Hz, 4 H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–124.16 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 498.0 (M+H)+ Table 1(a): Compounds 1-2 to 1-28 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 1, Steps 1-8, above as follows:
Figure imgf000133_0001
Figure imgf000134_0001
Figure imgf000135_0001
Figure imgf000136_0001
Figure imgf000137_0001
Figure imgf000138_0001
Figure imgf000139_0001
Method 2
Example 2-1: 1-(4-(5-chloro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000140_0001
[0184] Step 1: 2-Amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinic acid. N-Chlorosuccinimide (2.78 g, 20.8 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-amino-6-bromonicotinic acid (4.51 g, 20.8 mmol, Ark Pharm Inc. Arlington Heights, IL, USA) in DMF (75 mL), and the resulting mixture was heated at 70 °C for 2.5 h. Heating was then stopped, and stirring was continued for 16 h. The reaction mixture was subsequently poured into ice water. After the ice had melted, the resulting slurry was filtered through a fritted glass funnel. The collected solids were air- dried, providing 2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinic acid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.64 (br. s, 2H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 250.9 (M+H)+.
[0185] Step 2: tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinoyl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. To a solution of 2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinic acid (1.12 g, 4.5 mmol) in DMF (14 mL) was added TBTU (1.93 g, 6.0 mmol). After 5 min, the reaction was sequentially treated with 1-Boc-piperazine (912 mg, 4.9 mmol) and DIPEA (2.33 mL, 13.4 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at rt for 25 h, saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution (75 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was separated and sequentially washed with water (2×), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 7% MeOH in DCM) furnished tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinoyl)piperazine-1- carboxylate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.58 (s, 1H), 6.66 (s, 2H), 3.33 (s, 8H), 1.40 (s, 9H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 419.0 (M+H)+.
[0186] Step 3: tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloropyridine-3- carbonothioyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. Lawesson’s reagent (353 mg, 0.87 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloronicotinoyl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (610 mg, 1.45 mmol) in THF (7.5 mL), and the resulting solution was stirred as 50 °C for 2.5 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to rt and sequentially treated with water (10 mL) and aqueous 1 N HCl (4 mL). The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2×), and the combined extracts were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–6% MeOH in DCM) provided tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-6-bromo-5-chloropyridine-3- carbonothioyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.47 (s, 1H), 6.58 (br. s, 2H), 4.30 (ddd, J = 13.3, 6.3, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 4.01-4.13 (m, 2H), 3.68-3.77 (m, 1H), 3.51- 3.59 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.50 (m, 3H), 1.41 (s, 9H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 434.9 (M+H)+.
[0187] Step 4: tert-Butyl 4-(5,6-dichloroisothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. NCS (116 mg, 0.87 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-6- bromo-5-chloropyridine-3-carbonothioyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (343 mg, 0.79 mmol) in THF (8 mL), and the resulting solution was stirred at rt for 20 min. A mixture of water (10 mL) and 1 M aqueous sodium sulfite (5 mL) was then added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2×). The combined extracts were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 4% MeOH in DCM) provided tert-butyl 4-(5,6-dichloroisothiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.10 (s, 1H), 3.69-3.80 (m, 4H), 3.50-3.57 (m, 4H), 1.51 (s, 9H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 389.0 (M+H)+.
[0188] Step 5: tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A mixture of tert-butyl 4-(5,6- dichloroisothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (154 mg, 0.36 mmol), (3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)boronic acid (287 mg, 1.42 mmol), and cesium carbonate (463 mg, 1.42 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) and water (2 mL) was sparged with argon before adding tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (41 mg, 0.04 mmol). The reaction mixture was again sparged with argon, then heated in a sealed tube at 100 °C for 25 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was diluted with brine (40 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×). The combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–3.5% MeOH in DCM) gave tert- butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 511.1 (M+H)+.
[0189] Step 6: 5-Chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1- yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine. Trifluoroacetic acid (560 ^L, 7.6 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (155 mg, 0.30 mmol) in DCM (6 mL), and the resulting solution was stirred at rt for 2.3 h, then concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–25% MeOH in DCM) furnished 5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine as a TFA salt: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ 8.78 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.46-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.31 (d, J = 3.7 Hz, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.76-3.83 (m, 4H), 3.35-3.43 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 411.0 (M+H)+.
[0190] Step 7: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. To an ice-cooled slurry of 5-chloro-6-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (TFA salt; 100 mg, 0.19 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was sequentially added DIPEA (100 ^L, 0.57 mmol) and acryloyl chloride (23 ^L, 0.29 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at 0 °C for 70 min, and saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution (15 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was extracted with DCM (3×), and the combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 7% MeOH in DCM) provided 1-(4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.73 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.45-7.54 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (dd, J = 16.7, 10.3 Hz, 1H), 6.19 (dd, J = 16.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 5.77 (dd, J = 10.5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.81-3.94 (m, 4H), 3.69-3.76 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 465.0 (M+H)+.
[0191] Step 8: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Boron tribromide (1.0 M in hexanes, 400 ^L, 0.40 mmol) was added (dropwise) to an ice-cooled solution of 1-(4-(5-chloro-6-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (37.3 mg, 0.08 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (4 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2.3 h. Saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution (5 mL) was then added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with (4:1) DCM:MeOH (2×). The combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–6% MeOH in DCM) provided 1-(4-(5-chloro-6-(3-hydroxy-1- naphthalenyl)[1,2]thiazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.97 (br. s, 1H), 8.72 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 7.17-7.28 (m, 3H), 7.09 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (dd, J = 16.7, 10.5 Hz, 1H), 6.19 (dd, J = 16.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 5.74-5.79 (m, 1H), 3.81-3.95 (m, 4H), 3.68-3.76 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 451.0 (M+H)+.
Table 2: Compounds 2-2 to 2-6 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 2, Steps 1-8, above as follows:
Figure imgf000143_0001
Figure imgf000144_0001
Figure imgf000145_0001
Figure imgf000146_0001
Figure imgf000147_0001
Method 3
Example 3-1: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
Figure imgf000147_0002
[0192] Step 1: 1-(4-(6-Bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one. 0.2 M acryloyl chloride in DCM (1.240 mL, 0.248 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled solution of 6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluoro-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate D, 87 mg, 0.248 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.129 mL, 0.744 mmol) in dichloromethane (2.3 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min. The mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was sonicated in MeOH (2 mL). The suspended solid was collected by filtration, washed with MeOH, and dried in vacuo to provide 1-(4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1- one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.13 (1H, d, J = 1.56 Hz), 6.84 (1H, dd, J = 10.47, 16.73 Hz), 6.17 (1H, dd, J = 2.35, 16.63 Hz), 5.66-5.82 (1H, m), 3.73-3.93 (4H, m), 3.55- 3.67 (4H, m).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–113.39 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 405.8 (M+H)+.
[0193] Step 2: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate E). A mixture of 1-(4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate D, 79 mg, 0.20 mmol), (3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)boronic acid (47.3 mg, 0.234 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (22.5 mg, 0.020 mmol) and sodium carbonate (83 mg, 0.78 mmol) in water (0.500 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (2.0 mL) was heated at 100 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then adsorbed onto silica gel and
chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–3% MeOH in DCM) to give 1-(4-(5-chloro-7- fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1- one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 482.0 (M+H)+.
[0194] Step 3: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Boron tribromide (1.0M in hexanes, 0.664 mL, 0.664 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled solution of 1-(4-(5-chloro-7- fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (64 mg, 0.13 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then added to saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2.0 mL) and the resulting mixture was extracted with (2:1) DCM:MeOH (10 mL). The organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–3% MeOH in DCM) gave 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6- (3-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.90-10.04 (1H, m), 8.10 (1H, s), 7.80 (1H, d, J = 8.41 Hz), 7.43 (1H, ddd, J = 1.96, 6.11, 8.17 Hz), 7.16-7.31 (3H, m), 7.07 (1H, d, J = 2.35 Hz), 6.87 (1H, dd, J = 10.47, 16.73 Hz), 6.19 (1H, dd, J = 2.25, 16.73 Hz), 5.77 (1H, dd, J = 2.25, 10.47 Hz), 3.88 (4H, br d, J = 19.56 Hz), 3.61-3.72 (4H, m). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ–123.78 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 468.0 (M+H)+. Alternate synthesis of Intermediate E
Figure imgf000149_0001
[0195] 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c] isothiazol-3- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate E, alternative synthesis): To a solution of 6-bromo-3,5-dichloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate C, 715 mg, 2.37 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5.6 mL) was sequentially added a solution of 1-(piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one bis(2,2,2-trifluoroacetate) (961 mg, 2.61 mmol, eNovation Chemicals LLC, Bridgewater, NJ, USA) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5.6 mL) and N,N- diisopropylethylamine (1.243 mL, 7.12 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h and then heated at 50 °C for 22 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was added to ice water (10 mL), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water. The collected solid was adsorbed onto silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–3% MeOH in DCM) to furnish 1-(4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
Table 3: Compounds 3-2 to 3-24 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 3, Steps 1-3, above as follows:
Figure imgf000149_0002
Figure imgf000150_0001
Figure imgf000151_0001
Figure imgf000152_0001
Figure imgf000153_0002
Figure imgf000153_0001
Method 4
Example 4-1: 1-(6-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
Figure imgf000154_0001
[0196] Step 1: tert-Butyl 6-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptane-2-carboxylate. A mixture of 6-bromo-3,5-dichloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate C, 169 mg, 0.562 mmol) and 2-Boc-2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptane (212 mg, 1.07 mmol, AstaTech, Inc., Bristol, PA, USA) in DMF (3.5 mL) was stirred at rt for 5 h. Ice water (5 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 15 min. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo to provide tert-butyl 6-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptane-2-carboxylate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.52-7.74 (1 H, m), 4.55 (4 H, s), 4.09 (4 H, s), 1.38 (9 H, s). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–113.55 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 464.0 (M+1).
[0197] Step 2: 1-(6-(6-Bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Hydrogen chloride solution (4M in 1,4- dioxane, 5.0 mL, 20 mmol) was added to tert-butyl 6-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptane-2-carboxylate (249 mg, 0.538 mmol) in methanol (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo to provide 6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluoro-3-(2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole: m/z (ESI, +ve) 363.8 (M+1)+.
[0198] To this material was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.281 mL, 1.61 mmol) in dichloromethane (3.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was cooled to 0 °C. Acryloyl chloride (0.2 M in DCM, 2.69 mL, 0.538 mmol) was then added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–10% (3:1) EtOAc/EtOH in DCM) to provide 1-(6- (6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2- en-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 6.25 - 6.36 (1 H, m), 6.10 (1 H, dd, J = 17.0, 2.3 Hz), 5.64 - 5.72 (1 H, m), 4.58 (4 H, s), 4.47 (2 H, s), 4.18 (2 H, s).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–113.54 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 418.0 (M+H)+.
[0199] Step 3: 1-(6-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. A mixture of 1-(6-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2- yl)prop-2-en-1-one (102 mg, 0.245 mmol), (3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)boronic acid (59.3 mg, 0.294 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (28.3 mg, 0.024 mmol), and sodium carbonate (104 mg, 0.979 mmol) in water (0.5 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (2.0 mL) was heated at 100 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then adsorbed onto silica gel and
chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–5% MeOH in DCM). The purified material was sonicated in MeOH, and the suspended solid was collected by filtration, washed with MeOH, and dried in vacuo to provide 1-(6-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.93 (1 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.67 (1 H, s), 7.45 - 7.57 (2 H, m), 7.23 - 7.36 (2 H, m), 7.16 (1 H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 6.27 - 6.39 (1 H, m), 6.11 (1 H, dd, J = 17.0, 2.2 Hz), 5.65 - 5.76 (1 H, m), 4.58 - 4.67 (4 H, m), 4.50 (2 H, s), 4.22 (2 H, s), 3.93 (3 H, s). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–123.88 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 494.0 (M+H)+.
[0200] Step 4: 1-(6-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Boron tribromide (1.0 M in hexanes, 0.638 mL, 0.638 mmol) was added to ice-cooled 1-(6-(5- chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6- diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (63 mg, 0.128 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then added to saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was extracted with (2:1) DCM:MeOH (10 mL). The organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–2% MeOH (with 2M ammonia) in DCM) gave 1-(6-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3- hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl)prop-2-en- 1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.82-10.04 (1 H, m), 7.79 (1 H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.66 (1 H, s), 7.43 (1 H, dt, J = 8.3, 4.0 Hz), 7.26 (1 H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 7.22 (2 H, d, J = 3.7 Hz), 7.05 (1 H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 6.26–6.38 (1 H, m), 6.12 (1 H, dd, J = 16.8, 2.2 Hz), 5.66–5.72 (1 H, m), 4.58–4.67 (4 H, m), 4.50 (2 H, s), 4.22 (2 H, s).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ– 123.98 (1F, s). m/z (ESI, +ve) 480.0 (M+H)+. Table 4: Compounds 4-2 to 4-9 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 4, Steps 1-4, above as follows:
Figure imgf000156_0001
Figure imgf000157_0001
Method 5
Example 5-1: N-(1-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3- yl)-3-azetidinyl)-N-methyl-2-propenamide
Figure imgf000158_0001
[0201] Step 1: 2-Amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzamide. A mixture of (3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)boronic acid (2.04 g, 10.1 mmol), 2-amino-4- bromo-5-chloro-3-fluorobenzamide (Intermediate B (1.93 g, 7.20 mmol),
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.832 g, 0.720 mmol), sodium carbonate (1.2 mL, 28.8 mmol) in water (9.6 mL), and 1,4-dioxane (38.4 mL) was heated at 90 °C for 2 days. The reaction mixture was then filtered through a pad of Celite, washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was diluted with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 50 mL). The organic extract was washed with brine (30 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The solution was then filtered and the filtrated concentrated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in MeOH (5 mL), and the suspended solid collected by filtration, washed with MeOH, and dried to give 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzamide.
Chromatographic purification of the concentrated filtrate (silica gel, 0% to 100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) provided additional 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.01 - 8.17 (m, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.43 - 7.55 (m, 3H), 7.23 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.10 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (s, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 345.0 (M+H)+.
[0202] Step 2: 2-Amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzothioamide. To a solution of 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzamide (2.11 g, 6.12 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (41 mL) was added Lawesson's reagent (1.49 mL, 3.67 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (60 mL) and sequentially washed with 2 M HCl (60 mL), saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (60 mL), and brine (60 mL). The organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was sonicated in DCM (5 mL), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with DCM, and dried in vacuo provide 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzothioamide. Chromatographic purification of the filtrate (silica gel, 0% to 100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) gave additional 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzothioamide: m/z (ESI, +ve) 361.0 (M+H)+.
[0203] Step 3: 5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- amine. Hydrogen peroxide solution (30% in water, 2.2 mL, 21.3 mmol) was slowly added to an ice-cooled solution of 2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzothioamide (1.92 g, 5.33 mmol) in pyridine (18 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to rt and stir at rt for 18 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with water (60 mL), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, sequentially washed with water and MeOH, and dried in vacuo to give 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-amine: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.14 (s, 2H), 7.99 - 8.03 (m, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.48 - 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 3.9 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -124.71 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 359.0 (M+H)+.
[0204] Step 4: 3,5-Dichloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazole. 5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-amine (1.55 g, 4.31 mmol) was added portion-wise over 15 min to a suspension of copper (II) chloride (0.870 g, 6.47 mmol) and tert-butyl nitrite (0.77 mL, 6.47 mmol) in acetonitrile (43 mL) at 65 °C. The resulting mixture was stirred at 65 °C for 30 min and then cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with ice water (50 mL). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo. The residue was sonicated in DCM (10 mL), and the suspended solid was collected by filtration, washed with DCM, and dried in vacuo to recover unreacted 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-amine. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give 3,5-dichloro-7- fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.49 - 7.56 (m, 2H), 7.28 - 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.24 - 7.28 (m, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–122.17 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 378.0 (M+H)+.
[0205] Step 5: tert-Butyl (1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)azetidin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate. A mixture of 3,5-dichloro-7- fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (100 mg, 0.264 mmol), DIPEA (0.14 mL, 0.793 mmol), and 3-Boc-3-methylaminoazatidine (0.098 mL, 0.529 mmol, Beta Pharma Scientific, Inc.) in DMF (1.3 mL) was stirred at rt for 18 h. Ice water (3 mL) was then added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 15 min. The precipitated solid was then collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo to furnish tert-butyl (1-(5- chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)azetidin-3- yl)(methyl)carbamate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 528.0 (M+H)+.
[0206] Step 6: N-(1-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-azetidinyl)-N-methyl-2-propenamide. The title compound was prepared from tert-butyl (1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)azetidin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate (131.1 mg, 0.248 mmol) in three steps following the procedure reported in Method 1, Step 8: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.89 - 10.10 (m, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.43 (ddd, J = 8.2, 5.1, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.20 - 7.30 (m, 3H), 7.05 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (dd, J = 16.7, 10.5 Hz, 1H), 6.10 - 6.23 (m, 1H), 5.69 - 5.81 (m, 1H), 5.37 - 5.59 (m, 1H), 4.63 - 4.74 (m, 3H), 4.53 - 4.61 (m, 1H), 3.14 - 3.23 (m, 3H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -124.10 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 468.0 (M+H)+.
Table 5: Compounds 5-2 to 5-9 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 5, Steps 1-6, above as follows:
Figure imgf000160_0001
Figure imgf000161_0001
Figure imgf000162_0001
Method 6
Example 6-1: 1-(4-(6-(6-Amino-3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000162_0002
[0207] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A mixture of tert- butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 1.10 g, 2.45 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (1.86 g, 7.34 mmol), potassium acetate (0.61 mL, 9.8 mmol), and Pd(dppf)Cl2·DCM (0.537 g, 0.734 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (12 mL) was heated at 100 °C for 40 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0% to 100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) to provide tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.85 (s, 1H), 3.59 (br d, J = 4.7 Hz, 4H), 3.44 - 3.54 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.35 (s, 5H), 1.15 (s, 7H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -125.11 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 498.0 (M+H)+.
[0208] Step 2: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(6-amino-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A mixture of tert-butyl 4-(5- chloro-7-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (99.5 mg, 0.200 mmol), SPhos Pd G3 (17.3 mg, 0.020 mmol), 6- bromo-5-chloropyridin-2-amine (Combi-blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA, 124 mg, 0.6 mmol), sodium carbonate (85 mg, 0.80 mmol) in water (0.25 mL), and 1,2-DCE (0.75 mL) was heated at 50 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and
chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0% to 100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) to give tert-butyl 4-(6-(6-amino-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 498.0 (M+H)+.
[0209] Step 3: 1-(4-(6-(6-Amino-3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. The title compound was prepared from tert-butyl 4-(6-(6-amino-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (31.6 mg, 0.063 mmol) in two steps following the procedure reported in Method 1, Step 8: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.97 - 8.10 (m, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (dd, J = 16.6, 10.6 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (s, 2H), 6.19 (dd, J = 16.8, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 5.71 - 5.84 (m, 1H), 3.86 (br d, J = 19.9 Hz, 4H), 3.63 (br d, J = 1.0 Hz, 4H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -126.04 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 452.0 (M+H)+. Table 6: Compound 6-2 was prepared following the procedure described in Method 6, Steps 1-3, above as follows:
Figure imgf000163_0001
Method 7
Example 7-1: 1-((3R)-4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one|1-((3S)-4-(5-chloro- 7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000164_0001
[0210] Step 1: 2-Amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzoic acid. Prepared from Intermediate A using a procedure analogous to that described in Method 1, Step 7: m/z (ESI, +ve) 346.0 (M+H)+.
[0211] Step 2: tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzoyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A mixture of 2-amino-5-chloro- 3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzoic acid (0.150 g, 0.434 mmol), TBTU (0.188 g, 0.586 mmol), tert-butyl 3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.123 g, 0.521 mmol), and DIPEA (0.23 mL, 1.302 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was then washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3, and the aqueous wash was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–40% EtOAc/heptane) provided tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzoyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 586 (M+Na)+.
[0212] Step 3: tert-Butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)phenylcarbonothioyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. Lawesson's reagent (0.041 mL, 0.10 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3- fluoro-4-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzoyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.095 g, 0.168 mmol) in THF (4 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 18 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0–30% EtOAc/heptane) to give tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)phenylcarbonothioyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 602.2 (M+Na)+.
[0213] Step 4: tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. NBS (0.022 g, 0.17 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-amino-5-chloro-3-fluoro-4-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)phenylcarbonothioyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate in THF (7 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 15 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and washed with 10% sodium thiosulfate. The aqueous wash was extracted with EtOAc, and the combined organic layers were then concentrated in vacuo to give tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 578.2 (M+H)+.
[0214] Step 5: 1-((3R)-4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one|1-((3S)-4-(5-chloro- 7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Prepared using a procedure analogous to that described in Method 1, Step 8: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.13 (br. s., 1 H) 8.12 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1 H) 7.80 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H) 7.43 (br t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1 H) 7.20 - 7.30 (m, 3 H) 7.08 (dd, J=5.8, 2.2 Hz, 1 H) 6.78 - 6.91 (m, 1 H) 6.27 - 6.70 (m, 1 H) 6.20 (dd, J = 16.6, 2.0 Hz, 1 H) 5.76 - 5.84 (m, 1 H) 4.73 - 4.87 (m, 1 H) 4.19 - 4.72 (m, 2 H) 3.55 - 3.90 (m, 3 H) 3.36 - 3.47 (m, 1 H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 518.0 (M+H)+.
Table 7: Compounds 7-2 and 7-3 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 7, Steps 1-5, above as follows:
Figure imgf000166_0001
Method 8
Example 8-1: 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone
Figure imgf000167_0001
[0215] Step 1: 4-Bromo-5-chloro-2-fluorobenzamide. A mixture of 4-bromo-5-chloro- 2-fluorobenzoic acid (23.3 g, 92 mmol) in thionyl chloride (67 mL, 0.92 mol) was stirred at 70 °C under a reflux condenser for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was taken up in 1,4-dioxane (200 mL), treated with ammonium hydroxide (30% aqueous, 82 mL, 0.64 mol), and stirred at rt for 15 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give 4-bromo-5-chloro-2-fluorobenzamide: m/z (ESI, +ve) 251.8 (M+H)+.
[0216] Step 2: 4-Bromo-5-chloro-2-fluoro-N-((2- isopropylphenyl)carbamoyl)benzamide. A mixture of 4-bromo-5-chloro-2- fluorobenzamide (5.90 g, 23.4 mmol) and oxalyl chloride (1 M in DCM; 12.9 mL, 25.7 mmol) in DCE (100 mL) was stirred under a reflux condenser at 80 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled to rt and 2-isopropylaniline (6.62 mL, 46.7 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 15 min, then cooled to 0 °C. The precipitated solid was removed by filtration, and the collected filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give 4-bromo-5- chloro-2-fluoro-N-((2-isopropylphenyl)carbamoyl)benzamide: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ 11.06 (br. s., 1H) 10.31 (s, 1H) 7.97 - 8.05 (m, 2H) 7.82 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H) 7.32 - 7.38 (m, 1H) 7.14 - 7.25 (m, 2H) 3.11 (spt, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H) 1.24 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 6H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–113.6 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 412.7 and 414.6 (M+H)+. [0217] Step 3: 7-Bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Intermediate F). KHMDS (1 M in THF, 8.30 mL, 8.30 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4- bromo-5-chloro-2-fluoro-N-((2-isopropylphenyl)carbamoyl)benzamide (1.56 g, 3.77 mmol) in THF (19 mL) at–20 °C, and the resulting mixture was allowed to warm to rt over1 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (150 mL) and washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (2 × 100 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in DCM (5 mL), sonicated, collected by filtration, and dried in vacuo to give 7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline- 2,4(1H,3H)-dione: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 9.43 (br. s., 1H) 8.29 (s, 1H) 7.55 - 7.59 (m, 2H) 7.39 - 7.44 (m, 1H) 7.16 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H) 6.75 (s, 1H) 2.59 - 2.77 (m, 1H) 1.17 - 1.24 (m, 3H) 1.11 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 392.9 and 395.0 (M+H)+.
[0218] Step 4: 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione. A mixture of 7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Intermediate F, 1.17 g, 2.96 mmol), (2- fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid (2.02 g, 11.9 mmol), SPhos Pd G3 (0.128 g, 0.148 mmol), and potassium carbonate (2 M in water, 4.45 mL, 8.90 mmol) in DME (30 mL) was stirred at 85 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (150 mL) and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (3 × 100 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–50% EtOAc in heptane) gave 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.90 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H) 8.11 (d, J = 3.3 Hz, 1H) 7.53 - 7.59 (m, 1 H) 7.48 (tt, J = 7.0, 2.2 Hz, 1H) 7.38 - 7.44 (m, 1H) 7.32 - 7.37 (m, 2H) 6.93 (dd, J = 8.4, 4.3 Hz, 1H) 6.86 (t, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H) 6.15 (s, 1H) 3.66 (d, J = 30 Hz, 3H) 2.73 (dq, J = 14.2, 7.0 Hz, 1H) 1.11 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H) 1.03 (dd, J = 12.7, 6.8 Hz, 3H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ–113.8 (s, 1F)–115.2 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 439.1 (M+H)+.
[0219] Step 5: 4,6-Dichloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. To a solution of 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (0.395 g, 0.900 mmol) and Et3N (0.753 mL, 5.40 mmol) in acetonitrile (9 mL) was added phosphorus oxychloride (0.503 mL, 5.40 mmol), and the resulting solution was stirred at 80 °C for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give 4,6-dichloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 457.1 (M+H)+.
[0220] Alternative procedure for Step 5 (used as noted in the table below): To a stirred mixture of the product from Step 4 (1.0 equiv.), triethylamine (18.0 equiv.), and 1H- benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (12 equiv.) in acetonitrile (0.07 M) was added phosphorus oxychloride (6.0 equiv.), and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 3.5 h. The reaction mixture was then poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (100 mL) at 10 °C. The aqueous suspension was stirred for 15 min before being extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give a benzotriazole adduct intermediate that was used directly in Step 6.
[0221] Step 6: tert-Butyl 4-(6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A solution of 4,6-dichloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (obtained from Method 8, Step 5), tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.335 g, 1.80 mmol), and Et3N (0.753 mL, 5.40 mmol) in DCE (9 mL) was stirred at 60 °C for 20 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL) and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (3 × 75 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–60% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) provided tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 607.3 (M+H)+.
[0222] Note: When (S)-1-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate was used, it was synthesized as follows:
[0223] (S)-1-(3-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate
Figure imgf000169_0001
[0224] Step 6-a: (S)-tert-Butyl 4-acryloyl-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. Acryloyl chloride (1.34 mL, 16.5 mmol) was added to a solution of (S)-1-boc-2-methyl-piperazine (3.00 g, 15.0 mmol, Boc Sciences, Shirley, NY) in THF (30.0 mL) at–10 °C, and the resulting mixture was stirred at–10 °C for 5 min. Triethylamine (6.26 mL, 44.9 mmol) was then slowly added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at–10 °C for 15 min, then allowed to warm to rt. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3×), and the organic layers were then combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–100% EtOAc in heptane) furnished (S)-tert-butyl 4- acryloyl-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 6.72– 6.85 (m, 1H) 6.10– 6.18 (m, 1H) 5.68– 5.76 (m, 1H) 4.08– 4.32 (m, 2H) 3.68– 4.03 (m, 2H) 2.86– 3.14 (m, 2H) 2.66– 2.80 (m, 1H) 1.38– 1.43 (s, 9H) 0.96– 1.04 (m, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 277.3 (M+Na)+.
[0225] Step 6-b: (S)-1-(3-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one 2,2,2- trifluoroacetate. A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl 4-acryloyl-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (3.21 g, 12.62 mmol) and TFA (4.7 mL, 63.1 mmol) in DCM (16 mL) was stirred at rt for 24 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo to give (S)-1-(3-methylpiperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.70– 8.99 (m, 1H) 6.74– 6.91 (m, 1H) 6.12– 6.26 (m, 1H) 5.70– 5.84 (m, 1H) 4.25– 4.44 (m, 1H) 4.07– 4.25 (m, 1H) 3.49– 3.53 (m, 1H) 3.22– 3.32 (m, 2H) 2.92– 3.08 (m, 2H) 1.14– 1.29 (m, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 155.1 (M+H)+.
[0226] Step 7: 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-4- (piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. A solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (0.594 g, 0.978 mmol) in TFA (4 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 507.2 (M+H)+.
[0227] Step 8: 4-(4-Acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1- (2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. To an ice-cooled solution of 6-chloro-7-(2- fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one and DIPEA (0.85 mL, 4.9 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at 0 °C was added acryloyl chloride (0.079 mL, 0.98 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 min. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (100 mL) and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (3 × 75 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, decanted, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) gave 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.86 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H) 7.41 - 7.54 (m, 2H) 7.29 - 7.37 (m, 2H) 7.14 (dt, J = 7.8, 1.7 Hz, 1H) 6.70 - 6.79 (m, 2H) 6.58 - 6.68 (m, 1H) 6.50 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H) 6.39 (dd, J = 16.8, 1.8 Hz, 1H) 5.75 - 5.84 (m, 1H) 3.79 - 4.06 (m, 8H) 3.75 (s, 2H) 3.66 (s, 1H) 2.69 (tt, J = 13.4, 6.8 Hz, 1H) 1.20 - 1.24 (m, 3H) 1.07 (dd, J = 6.8, 3.9 Hz, 3H). 19F NMR (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ–113.05 (s, 1F)– 113.55 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 561.2 (M+H)+.
[0228] Step 9: 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4- (2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone. BBr3 (1 M in DCE, 3.3 mL, 3.3 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled solution of 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (0.372 g, 0.663 mmol) in DCE (1.7 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 20 min, then allowed to warm to rt and stir at rt for 2 h. Saturated aqueous NaHCO3 was added to the reaction mixture, followed by EtOAc (150 mL). The organic layer was separated and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (3 × 100 mL). The organic layer was then dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo . Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) provided 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-(2- propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.06 (br. d., J = 15.1 Hz, 1H) 8.03 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H) 7.51– 7.56 (m, 1H) 7.45 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H) 7.33 (tdd, J = 7.5, 7.5, 3.8, 1.4 Hz, 1H) 7.14– 7.25 (m, 2H) 6.84 (dd, J = 16.8, 10.4 Hz, 1H) 6.62– 6.74 (m, 2H) 6.14– 6.26 (m, 2H) 5.71– 5.78 (m, 1H) 3.71 – 3.99 (m, 8H) 2.52– 2.59 (m, 1H) 1.02– 1.12 (m, 6H). 19F NMR (377 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ– 113.6 (s, 1F)–114.8 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI, +ve) 547.1 (M+H)+.
Table 8: Compounds 8-2 to 8-6 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 8, Steps 1-9, above as follows:
Figure imgf000171_0001
Figure imgf000172_0001
Figure imgf000173_0001
Method 9
Example 9-1: 6-Chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone
Figure imgf000173_0002
[0229] Step 1: 7-Bromo-4,6-dichloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. To a mixture of 7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Intermediate F, 470 mg, 1.194 mmol) and DIPEA (0.623 mL, 3.58 mmol) in acetonitrile (11.4 mL) was added phosphorus oxychloride (0.915 mL, 5.97 mmol). The resulting mixture was heated at 80 °C for 2 h, then cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated in vacuo to give 7-bromo-4,6-dichloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 413.0 (M+H)+. [0230] Step 2: (S)-4-(4-Acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. A mixture of 7-bromo-4,6-dichloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (492 mg, 1.19 mmol), (S)-4-N-boc-2-methyl piperazine (478 mg, 2.39 mmol), and DIPEA (0.623 mL, 3.58 mmol) in DMF (2.3 mL) was stirred at rt for 10 min. Ice water (10 mL) was then added, and the resulting mixture stirred for 15 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in vacuo to give (S)-tert-butyl 4-(7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2- dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI, +ve) 577.1 (M+H)+.
[0231] TFA (2.0 mL, 26.8 mmol) was added to a solution of (S)-tert-butyl 4-(7-bromo-6- chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1- carboxylate (297 mg, 0.516 mmol) in DCM (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 15 min. Concentration of the resulting mixture in vacuo provided (S)-7-bromo-6- chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-4-(2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 477.0 (M+H)+.
[0232] Acryloyl chloride (0.258 M in DCM, 4.0 mL, 1.031 mmol) was added to an ice- cooled mixture of (S)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-4-(2-methylpiperazin-1- yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one and DIPEA (0.269 mL, 1.547 mmol) in DCM (2.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 20 min. Concentration in vacuo followed by chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) gave (S)-4-(4-acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.91 - 8.08 (m, 1H), 7.49 - 7.67 (m, 2H), 7.41 (br d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (br s, 1H), 6.76 - 6.98 (m, 1H), 6.52 - 6.67 (m, 1H), 6.09 - 6.29 (m, 1H), 5.75 (br s, 1H), 4.61 - 4.96 (m, 1H), 4.23 - 4.48 (m, 1H), 3.93 - 4.21 (m, 2H), 3.50 - 3.77 (m, 1H), 3.33 - 3.49 (m, 1H), 3.23 - 3.28 (m, 1H), 2.94 - 3.24 (m, 1H), 1.27 (br d, J = 9.3 Hz, 6H), 1.09 (br s, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 531.1 (M+H)+.
[0233] Step 3: (S)-4-(4-Acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5- methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. A mixture of (S)-4-(4- acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)- one (120 mg, 0.226 mmol), 2-(2,3-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2- dioxaborolane (82 mg, 0.272 mmol), Na2CO3 (96 mg, 0.906 mmol), and Pd(PPh3)4 (26.2 mg, 0.023 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.6 mL) and water (0.4 mL) was heated at 90°C for 17 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–100% (3:1) EtOAc-EtOH in heptane) to provide (S)-4-(4-acryloyl-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6-chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 627.0 (M+H)+.
[0234] Step 4: 6-Chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone. BBr3 (1 M in hexanes, 0.32 mL, 0.320 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled mixture of (S)-4-(4-acryloyl-2- methylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (40 mg, 0.064 mmol) and DCE (1.0 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 min. Saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (2.0 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with (2:1) DCM/MeOH (5 mL). The organic extract was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–10% MeOH in DCM) gave 6-chloro-7-(2,3-dichloro- 5-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1-(2-(2- propanyl)phenyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.42 (br d, J = 17.0 Hz, 1H), 7.86 - 8.11 (m, 1H), 7.50 - 7.63 (m, 1H), 7.47 (br t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.15 - 7.26 (m, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.78 - 6.96 (m, 1H), 6.44 - 6.58 (m, 1H), 6.11 - 6.29 (m, 2H), 5.71 - 5.82 (m, 1H), 4.68 - 4.98 (m, 1H), 3.96 - 4.52 (m, 3H), 3.52 - 3.85 (m, 2H), 3.34 - 3.51 (m, 1H), 2.95 - 3.26 (m, 1H), 1.27 - 1.41 (m, 3H), 0.95 - 1.13 (m, 6H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 611.0 (M+H)+.
Table 9: Compounds 9-2 to 9-14 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 9, Steps 1-4, above as follows:
Figure imgf000175_0001
Figure imgf000176_0002
Figure imgf000176_0001
Figure imgf000177_0001
Figure imgf000178_0001
Figure imgf000179_0002
Figure imgf000179_0001
Figure imgf000180_0001
Method 10
Example 10-1: 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.
Figure imgf000181_0001
[0235] Step 1: 6,7-Dichloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (Intermediate G).
Hydrazine (0.232 mL, 10.1 mmol) was added to a mixture of 5,6-dichloroisobenzofuran-1,3- dione (2.00 g, 9.22 mmol, TCI America, Portland, OR, USA) and ethanol (30 mL), and the resulting mixture was heated at reflux for 2 h before being cooled to rt. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water to give 6,7-dichloro-2,3- dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione: m/z (ESI, +ve) 231.1 (M+H)+.
[0236] Step 2: 6-Chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4- dione. A mixture of 6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (Intermediate G, 3.80 g, 16.45 mmol), 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic acid (10.26 g, 65.8 mmol, Combi-blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), SPhos Pd G3 (1.423 g, 1.645 mmol), and 2M aqueous Na2CO3 (32.9 mL, 65.8 mmol) in DME (60 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and diluted with water (200 mL) and EtOAc (300 mL). The aqueous layer was separated, acidified with 5 N HCl, and extracted with EtOAc (300 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in DCM (50 mL) and collected by filtration to give 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione: m/z (ESI, +ve) 307.0 (M+H)+.
[0237] Step 3: 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3- dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione. tert-Butyl(chloro)diphenylsilane (2.67 mL, 10.25 mmol) was added to an ice-cooled mixture of 6-chloro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3- dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (2.62 g, 8.54 mmol) and TEA (4.75 mL, 34.2 mmol) in acetonitrile (40 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 15 min, then warmed to rt and stirred for 1.5 h. Additional tert-butyl(chloro)diphenylsilane (2.67 mL, 10.25 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. The reaction mixture was subsequently diluted with water (300 mL), acidified with 5 N HCl, and extracted with EtOAc (300 mL). The organic layer was separated and sequentially washed with brine (250 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was taken up in DCM (200 mL), TFA (20 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 45 min. The reaction mixture was then diluted with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (200 mL) and extracted with DCM (2 × 250 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6- fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione: m/z (ESI, +ve) 545.2 (M+H)+.
[0238] Step 4: 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-1,4,7- trichlorophthalazine. Pyridine (1.45 mL, 17.1 mmol) was added to a mixture of 6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (4.66 g, 8.55 mmol) and phosphorus oxychloride (6.39 mL, 68.4 mmol), and the resulting mixture was heated at 100 °C for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled to rt and slowly poured into stirred water (300 mL) while maintaining an internal temperature of <10 °C. After stirring for 15 min, the resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc (400 mL), and the organic extract was sequentially washed with brine (250 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–25% EtOAc in heptane) provided 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-1,4,7- trichlorophthalazine: m/z (ESI, +ve) 581.1 (M+H)+. [0239] Step 5: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate H). 1-Boc-piperazine (5.00 g, 26.9 mmol) was added to a mixture of 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6- fluorophenyl)-1,4,7-trichlorophthalazine (5.21 g, 8.95 mmol) and triethylamine (3.77 mL, 26.9 mmol) in DCM (35 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 19 h. The reaction mixture was then partitioned between DCM (300 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (200 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–50% EtOAc in heptane) gave a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6- fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(7-(2- ((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,6-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. The individual regioisomers were isolated by chiral SFC purification (OJ-H column (30 × 250 mm, 5 μm), 15% (20 mM NH3 in MeOH) in supercritical CO2), providing tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate as the second-eluting isomer: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.27 (s, 1H) 8.17 (s, 1H) 7.56 - 7.61 (m, 4H) 7.40 - 7.46 (m, 2H) 7.31 - 7.37 (m, 4H) 6.99 - 7.07 (m, 1H) 6.77 (t, J = 8.61 Hz, 1H) 6.42 (d, J = 8.22 Hz, 1H) 3.72 - 3.77 (m, 4H) 3.53 - 3.59 (m, 4H) 1.51 (s, 9H) 0.66 (s, 9H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 731.2 (M+H)+.
[0240] Step 6: 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichloro-1- (piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine. Trifluoroacetic acid (2 mL, 26.8 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate H, 1.21 g, 1.654 mmol) in DCM (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (75 mL) and extracted with DCM (2 × 100 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichloro-1-(piperazin-1- yl)phthalazine: m/z (ESI, +ve) 631.3 (M+H)+.
[0241] Step 7: 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Acryloyl chloride (0.148 mL, 1.81 mmol) was added to a mixture of 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)- 4,7-dichloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine (1.04 g, 1.647 mmol) and triethylamine (0.694 mL, 4.94 mmol) in DCM (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 45 min. Saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (75 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with DCM (3 × 100 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one: m/z (ESI, +ve) 685.1 (M+H)+.
[0242] Step 8: 1-(4-(4,7-Dichloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate I). TBAF (1 M in THF, 3.3 mL, 3.30 mmol) was added to a solution of 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)- 4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (1.13 g, 1.648 mmol) in THF (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 15 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0– 100% EtOAc in heptane) to give 1-(4-(4,7-dichloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin- 1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.26 (br s, 1H) 8.31 (s, 1H) 8.14 (s, 1H) 7.31 - 7.40 (m, 1H) 6.78 - 6.92 (m, 3H) 6.17 (dd, J = 16.63, 2.35 Hz, 1H) 5.74 (dd, J = 10.37, 2.35 Hz, 1H) 3.79 - 3.92 (m, 4H) 3.46 - 3.55 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 447.0 (M+H)+.
[0243] Step 9: 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(o-tolyl)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. A mixture of 1-(4-(4,7-dichloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate I, 25 mg, 0.056 mmol), 2-tolylboronic acid (30.4 mg, 0.224 mmol, Frontier Scientific Inc., Logan UT, USA), Pd(PPh3)4 (6.46 mg, 5.59 µmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA), and 2M aqueous Na2CO3 (0.084 mL, 0.168 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.3 mL) was stirred at 40 °C for 18 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (20 mL) and washed with water (15 mL). The organic layer was separated and sequentially washed with brine (15 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0–100% EtOAc in heptane) furnished 1-(4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-4-(o-tolyl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.15 (br s, 1H) 8.33 (s, 1H) 7.36 - 7.45 (m, 2H) 7.24 - 7.36 (m, 4H) 6.90 (dd, J = 16.63, 10.37 Hz, 1H) 6.70 - 6.80 (m, 2H) 6.18 (dd, J = 16.73, 2.25 Hz, 1H) 5.75 (dd, J = 10.56, 2.15 Hz, 1H) 3.83 - 3.97 (m, 4H) 3.47 - 3.62 (m, 4H) 1.98 - 2.06 (m, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 503.1 (M+H)+.
Table 10: Compounds 10-2 to 10-13 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 10, Steps 1-9, above as follows:
Figure imgf000185_0001
Figure imgf000186_0001
Figure imgf000187_0001
Method 11
Example 11-1: 6-chloro-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2- propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone
Figure imgf000188_0001
[0244] Step 1: 4-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. Phosphorus oxychloride (1.204 mL, 7.85 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazoline- 2,4(1H,3H)-dione (Intermediate F, 515 mg, 1.308 mmol), triethylamine (3.31 mL, 23.55 mmol), and 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (2.01 g, 16.87 mmol) in acetonitrile (15 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and filtered. The filtrate was then poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (150 mL) at ~10 °C. The aqueous suspension was stirred for 15 min before being extracted two times with EtOAc (150 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (150 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give crude 4-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol- 1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. m/z (ESI) M+H: 494.0.
[0245] Step 2: tert-butyl 4-(7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2- dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. tert-Butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate (268 mg, 1.438 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of crude 4-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol- 1-yl)-7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (647 mg, 1.308 mmol) and triethylamine (3.68 mL, 26.2 mmol) in dimethyl sulfoxide (6 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL) and washed with water (75 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (75 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(7-bromo-6-chloro-1-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.79 (1 H, s) 7.49 - 7.59 (2 H, m) 7.36 - 7.42 (1 H, m) 7.11 (1 H, d, J = 7.63 Hz) 6.80 (1 H, s) 3.79 - 3.92 (4 H, m) 3.62 - 3.73 (4 H, m) 2.60 (1 H, spt, J = 6.80 Hz) 1.49 - 1.54 (9 H, m) 1.22 (3 H, d, J = 6.85 Hz) 1.08 (3 H, d, J = 6.85 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 561.0.
[0246] Step 3: tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4- yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. tert-Butyl 4-(7-bromo-6- chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (115 mg, 0.205 mmol), 4-borono-5-methyl-1h-indazole (0.144 mL, 0.819 mmol, Ark Pharm Inc., Arlington Heights, IL, USA), Sphos Pd G3 (0.016 mL, 0.020 mmol), and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 0.409 mL, 0.819 mmol) were mixed in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (1 mL) under an argon atmosphere in a sealed vial. The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 24 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and diluted with EtOAc (50 mL) and water (40 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (40 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% (3:1 EtOAc/EtOH) in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7- (5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. m/z (ESI) M+H: 613.2.
[0247] Step 4: 6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-4- (piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. Trifluoroacetic acid (0.5 mL, 6.71 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of tert-butyl 4-(6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol- 4-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (78 mg, 0.127 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give crude 6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H- indazol-4-yl)-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one. m/z (ESI) M+H: 513.2. [0248] Step 5: 6-chloro-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4- (2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone. Acryloyl chloride (10.33 µl, 0.127 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 6-chloro-1-(2-isopropylphenyl)-7-(5-methyl-1H- indazol-4-yl)-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (65 mg, 0.127 mmol) and triethylamine (0.178 mL, 1.267 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 20 min. Additional acryloyl chloride (5.17 µl, 0.064 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for another 20 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (25 mL) and quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 80% (3:1 EtOAc/EtOH) in heptane) gave impure product. Further chromatographic purification of the impure product (silica gel, 0 to 100% acetone in heptane) gave the separated diastereomers. 6-chloro-7-(5- methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)- quinazolinone (Example 11-1-1), was the first diastereomer to elute. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 10.28 (1 H, br s) 7.94 (1 H, s) 7.35 - 7.49 (4 H, m) 7.25 - 7.31 (2 H, m) 7.11 (1 H, d, J = 7.67 Hz) 6.64 (1 H, dd, J = 16.79, 10.57 Hz) 6.54 (1 H, s) 6.41 (1 H, dd, J = 16.79, 1.87 Hz) 5.81 (1 H, dd, J = 10.57, 1.66 Hz) 3.83 - 4.07 (8 H, m) 2.74 (1 H, spt, J = 6.84 Hz) 2.13 (3 H, s) 1.23 (3 H, d, J = 6.84 Hz) 1.04 (3 H, d, J = 6.84 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 567.2. The second diastereomer to elute was further purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0 to 80% (3:1 EtOAc/EtOH) in heptane) to give 6-chloro-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol- 4-yl)-1-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)-4-(4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2(1H)-quinazolinone (Example 11-1-2). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 10.37 (1 H, br s) 7.94 (1 H, s) 7.34 - 7.50 (4 H, m) 7.21 - 7.31 (2 H, m) 7.13 (1 H, d, J = 7.67 Hz) 6.64 (1 H, dd, J = 16.90, 10.68 Hz) 6.55 (1 H, s) 6.41 (1 H, dd, J = 16.79, 1.66 Hz) 5.81 (1 H, dd, J = 10.47, 1.55 Hz) 3.83 - 4.08 (8 H, m) 2.70 (1 H, spt, J = 6.84 Hz) 2.13 (3 H, s) 1.22 (3 H, d, J = 6.84 Hz) 1.03 (3 H, d, J = 6.84 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 567.2.
Table 11: Compounds 11-3 and 11-4 were prepared following the procedure described in Method 11, Steps 1-5, above as follows:
Figure imgf000191_0002
Section 2—Individual Examples
Example 12
1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-cyclopropyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000191_0001
[0249] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. To a 20 mL vial charged with tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichlorophthalazin- 1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate H, 0.060 g, 0.082 mmol) was added [1,1'- bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II), complex with dichloromethane (0.033 g, 0.041 mmol) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2.0 mL). The resulting mixture was capped and stirred at rt for 10 min before cyclopropylzinc bromide (0.5 M in THF, 0.820 mL, 0.410 mmol; Rieke Metals, Lincoln, NE, USA) was added via syringe. The reaction mixture was heated at 80 °C for 3 h before being cooled to rt and partitioned between EtOAc (30 mL) and water (10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted once more with EtOAc (20 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (24 g of silica gel, 0 to 30% acetone in heptane) to obtain tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM- d) δ: 8.31-8.38 (m, 1H), 8.15-8.23 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.64 (m, 4H), 7.39-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.38 (m, 4H), 6.99-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.74-6.85 (m, 1H), 6.36-6.47 (m, 1H), 3.68-3.79 (m, 4H), 3.37- 3.51 (m, 4H), 2.37-2.48 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.54 (m, 9H), 1.37-1.45 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.33 (m, 1H), 1.00-1.15 (m, 2H), 0.61-0.71 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 737.4.
[0250] Step 2: 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopropyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine. Trifluoroacetic acid (0.316 mL, 4.10 mmol) was added to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate in DCM (0.7 mL). The resulting mixture was capped and stirred at rt for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (10 mL) and basified using saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (5 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted once more with DCM (10 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to obtain 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)- 6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine. 1H NMR
(CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.30-8.36 (m, 1H), 8.18-8.24 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.64 (m, 4H), 7.40-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.33 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 4H), 6.97-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.74-6.83 (m, 1H), 6.36-6.46 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.55 (m, 4H), 3.16-3.26 (m, 4H), 2.35-2.49 (m, 1H), 1.37-1.46 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.33 (m, 1H), 1.06-1.12 (m, 2H), 0.61-0.70 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 637.2.
[0251] Step 3: 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. To a 20 mL vial charged with 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-1- (piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine (0.023 g, 0.036 mmol) was added triethylamine (16 µl, 0.114 mmol) and dichloromethane (1.0 mL). The resulting mixture was capped and stirred at rt for 10 min before acryloyl chloride (4.0 µl, 0.049 mmol) was added via syringe. The reaction mixture was capped and continued to stir at rt for 20 min. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (3 mL) and diluted with DCM (10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted once more with DCM (5 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to obtain 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.32-8.38 (m, 1H), 8.16-8.24 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.65 (m, 4H), 7.40-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.38 (m, 4H), 6.98-7.10 (m, 1H), 6.75-6.84 (m, 1H), 6.60-6.72 (m, 1H), 6.41-6.47 (m, 1H), 6.31-6.40 (m, 1H), 5.72-5.82 (m, 1H), 3.79-4.08 (m, 4H), 3.44-3.62 (m, 4H), 2.38-2.49 (m, 1H), 1.40-1.45 (m, 1H), 1.33-1.37 (m, 1H), 1.04- 1.13 (m, 2H), 0.62-0.68 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 691.2.
[0252] Step 4: 1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-cyclopropyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. To a 20 mL vial charged with 1-(4-(6-(2- ((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopropylphthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (0.022 g, 0.032 mmol) was added tetrahydrofuran (2.0 mL) followed by tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0 M solution in THF, 0.070 mL, 0.070 mmol). The vial was capped and stirred at rt for 30 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (24 g of silica, 0 to 5% MeOH in DCM) to obtain 1-(4-(7-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM- d) δ: 8.30-8.37 (m, 1H), 8.11-8.18 (m, 1H), 7.29-7.38 (m, 1H), 6.96-7.18 (m, 1H), 6.88-6.94 (m, 1H), 6.76-6.85 (m, 1H), 6.59-6.72 (m, 1H), 6.31-6.42 (m, 1H), 5.73-5.84 (m, 1H), 3.73- 4.05 (m, 4H), 3.35-3.62 (m, 4H), 2.40-2.52 (m, 1H), 1.35-1.42 (m, 1H), 1.29-1.34 (m, 1H), 1.03-1.14 (m, 2H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 453.2.
Example 13
1-(4-(4-Anilino-7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2- propen-1-one
Figure imgf000194_0001
[0253] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-(phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. To a 20 mL vial charged with tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.060 g, 0.082 mmol) was added dimethyl sulfoxide (2.0 mL) followed by aniline (0.075 mL, 0.820 mmol). The vial was capped and refluxed at 80 °C for 3 h. The reaction was cooled to rt and partitioned between EtOAc (30 mL) and water (10 mL). The organic layer was separated and washed with water (2 × 10 mL). The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (40 g of silica, 0 to 30% EtOAc in heptane) to obtain tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro- 4-(phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.17-8.25 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.69 (m, 5H), 7.50-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.37 (m, 5H), 7.06-7.11 (m, 2H), 6.76-6.83 (m, 1H), 6.57-6.66 (m, 1H), 6.39-6.50 (m, 1H), 3.66-3.81 (m, 4H), 3.32-3.43 (m, 4H), 1.51-1.53 (m, 9H), 0.69-0.75 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 788.2.
[0254] Step 2: 7-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-N-phenyl- 4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-1-amine. Analogous to Example 12, step 2, the reaction of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- (phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate delivered 7-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-N-phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-1- amine. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.19-8.26 (m, 1H), 7.75-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.68 (m, 5H), 7.49-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.46 (m, 3H), 7.32-7.37 (m, 5H), 7.02-7.11 (m, 2H), 6.75- 6.84 (m, 1H), 6.59-6.67 (m, 1H), 6.43-6.53 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.47 (m, 4H), 3.16-3.27 (m, 4H), 0.70-0.76 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 688.2.
[0255] Step 3: 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- (phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Analogous to Example 12, step 3, the reaction of 7-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-N- phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-1-amine delivered 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-(phenylamino)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazin- 1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.16-8.24 (m, 1H), 7.77-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.67 (m, 4H), 7.52-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.41-7.46 (m, 3H), 7.32-7.38 (m, 6H), 7.02-7.11 (m, 2H), 6.77-6.84 (m, 1H), 6.65-6.71 (m, 1H), 6.46-6.51 (m, 1H), 6.30-6.39 (m, 2H), 5.73- 5.81 (m, 1H), 3.86-4.05 (m, 4H), 3.37-3.53 (m, 4H), 0.69-0.75 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 742.3.
[0256] Step 4: 1-(4-(4-Anilino-7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)- 1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Analogous to Example 12, step 4, the reaction of 1-(4-(6- (2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-(phenylamino)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one delivered 1-(4-(4-anilino-7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM- d) δ: 7.96-8.09 (m, 2H), 7.46-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.37-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.29-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.20-7.26 (m, 1H), 6.96-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.81-6.87 (m, 1H), 6.70-6.77 (m, 1H), 6.54-6.67 (m, 1H), 6.29- 6.41 (m, 1H), 5.68-5.82 (m, 1H), 3.74-3.96 (m, 4H), 3.12-3.43 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 504.2.
Example 14
1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-cyclopentyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000196_0001
[0257] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7- chloro-4-cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. Analogous to Example 12, step 1, the reaction of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)- 4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate H) and cyclopentylzinc bromide (0.5 M in THF, Rieke Metals, Lincoln, NE,) delivered tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.18-8.22 (m, 1H), 8.12-8.16 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.66 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.34-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.09 (br d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.75-6.82 (m, 1H), 6.37-6.44 (m, 1H), 3.72-3.78 (m, 4H), 3.44- 3.51 (m, 4H), 2.03-2.23 (m, 4H), 1.87-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.79 (m, 3H), 1.51-1.54 (m, 9H), 0.62-0.67 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 765.2.
[0258] Step 2: 6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine. Analogous to Example 12, step 2, the reaction of tert-butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate delivered 6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopentyl-1-(piperazin-1- yl)phthalazine. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.17-8.21 (m, 1H), 8.12-8.16 (m, 1H), 7.61- 7.66 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.34-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.33 (m, 2H), 6.99-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.74-6.82 (m, 1H), 6.37-6.45 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.67 (m, 4H), 3.27-3.36 (m, 4H), 2.18-2.22 (m, 1H), 2.08-2.12 (m, 2H), 1.86-1.91 (m, 3H), 1.69-1.77 (m, 3H), 0.59-0.67 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 665.2. [0259] Step 3: 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Analogous to Example 12, step 3, the reaction of 6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine delivered 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)- 6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4-cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.18-8.25 (m, 1H), 8.13-8.17 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.50- 7.57 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.37 (m, 4H), 6.99-7.10 (m, 1H), 6.75-6.83 (m, 1H), 6.62-6.71 (m, 1H), 6.33-6.43 (m, 2H), 5.73-5.81 (m, 1H), 3.84-4.07 (m, 4H), 3.71-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.49-3.65 (m, 4H), 1.80-1.96 (m, 4H), 1.67-1.77 (m, 4H), 0.62-0.67 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 719.2.
[0260] Step 4: 1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-cyclopentyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Analogous to Example 12, step 4, the reaction of 1-(4-(6-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-7-chloro-4- cyclopentylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one delivered 1-(4-(7-chloro-4- cyclopentyl-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.10-8.22 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.38 (m, 1H), 6.86-6.93 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.85 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.72 (m, 1H), 6.33-6.44 (m, 1H), 5.74-5.85 (m, 1H), 3.82-4.05 (m, 4H), 3.75-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.63 (m, 4H), 2.06-2.24 (m, 4H), 1.81-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.79 (m, 2H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 481.2.
Example 15
1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000198_0001
[0261] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(piperidin-1- yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. To a 20 mL vial charged with tert-butyl 4-(6- (2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (Intermediate H, 0.060 g, 0.082 mmol) was added piperidine (1.0 mL, 10.10 mmol). The vial was capped and heated at 80 °C for 2 h. The reaction was cooled to rt and partitioned between EtOAc (30 mL) and water (10 mL). The organic layer was separated and washed with water (2 x 10 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to obtain tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.09-8.14 (m, 1H), 7.97-8.03 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.35 (m, 1H), 6.75-6.88 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.76 (m, 4H), 3.30-3.44 (m, 8H), 1.72-1.81 (m, 4H), 1.61-1.71 (m, 3H), 1.48- 1.53 (m, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 542.2.
[0262] Step 2: 2-(7-Chloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3- fluorophenol. Analogous to Example 12, step 2, the reaction of tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2- fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate delivered 2-(7-chloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.09-8.13 (m, 1H), 7.95-8.03 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.38 (m, 1H), 6.83-6.89 (m, 1H), 6.75-6.82 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.48 (m, 4H), 3.31-3.38 (m, 4H), 3.12-3.21 (m, 4H), 1.75-1.80 (m, 4H), 1.64-1.69 (m, 2H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 442.2.
[0263] Step 3: 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(1-piperidinyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Analogous to Example 12, step 3, the reaction of 2-(7-chloro-1-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol delivered 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.08-8.15 (m, 1H), 7.98-8.05 (m, 1H), 7.29-7.39 (m, 1H), 6.86-6.94 (m, 1H), 6.76-6.85 (m, 1H), 6.59-6.70 (m, 1H), 6.30- 6.43 (m, 1H), 5.72-5.84 (m, 1H), 3.77-4.05 (m, 4H), 3.40-3.56 (m, 4H), 3.32-3.38 (m, 4H), 1.73-1.85 (m, 4H), 1.64-1.70 (m, 2H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 496.2.
Example 16
1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxy-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)- 2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000199_0001
[0264] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4- phenoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A dry 50 mL rbf was charged with phenol (0.130 g, 1.381 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (3.0 mL). The mixture was cooled to 0 °C before potassium t-butoxide (0.153 g, 1.367 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 0 ⁰C for 10 min before being warmed to rt and stirred for 30 min. tert-Butyl 4-(6-(2-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-4,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (Intermediate H, 0.100 g, 0.137 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was heated at 60 °C for 2 h. The reaction was cooled to rt and quenched with water. The resulting mixture was partitioned between EtOAc (30 mL) and water (15 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted once more with EtOAc (20 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (40 g of silica, 10 to 50% acetone) to obtain tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6- (2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate: m/z (ESI) M+H: 551.2.
[0265] Step 2: 2-(7-chloro-4-phenoxy-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3- fluorophenol. Analogous to Example 12, step 2, the reaction of 4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate delivered. 2-(7-chloro- 4-phenoxy-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.37-8.42 (m, 1H), 8.14-8.19 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.19-7.25 (m, 2H), 6.89-6.98 (m, 1H), 6.76-6.87 (m, 4H), 3.36-3.45 (m, 4H), 3.13-3.22 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 451.2.
[0266] Step 3: 1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxy-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Analogous to Example 12, step 3, the reaction of 2-(7-chloro-4-phenoxy-1-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazin-6-yl)-3-fluorophenol delivered 1-(4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenoxy-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.41-8.45 (m, 1H), 8.17-8.20 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.20-7.26 (m, 1H), 6.78-6.87 (m, 2H), 6.59- 6.70 (m, 1H), 6.31-6.41 (m, 1H), 5.97-6.06 (m, 1H), 5.74-5.81 (m, 1H), 3.76-4.03 (m, 4H), 3.38-3.53 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 505.2.
Examples 17-1 and 17-2
(2E)-1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one (Example 17-1) and (2E)-1-(4-(5-chloro- 7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4- (dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one (Example 17-2)
Figure imgf000201_0001
[0267] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A slurry of tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 459 mg, 1.02 mmol), (3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)boronic acid (823 mg, 4.07 mmol) and cesium carbonate (1.33 g, 4.07 mmol) in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) and water (2 mL) was degassed with an argon stream. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (118 mg, 0.10 mmol) was added, and the mixture was again degassed with an Argon stream. The reaction mixture was sealed and heated at 100 °C for 23 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt, diluted with brine (60 mL), and extracted two times with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-2% MeOH in DCM) to provide tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. m/z (ESI) M+H: 528.0.
[0268] Step 2: 5-Chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazole. To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (327 mg, 0.56 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (1.04 mL, 13.9 mmol) via syringe. The resulting yellow solution was stirred at rt for 4 h and then was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-25% MeOH in DCM) to provide the mono-TFA salt of 5- chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole. m/z (ESI) M+H: 428.0.
[0269] Step 3: (2E)-1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one. To a solution of 5- chloro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (74 mg of the mono-TFA salt, 0.14 mmol) and trans-4-dimethylaminocrotonoic acid hydrochloride (38 mg, 0.23 mmol) in DMA (2 mL) was added thionyl chloride (41 ^L, 0.69 mmol) via syringe. The resulting brown solution was stirred at rt for 2.5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with water (50 mL) and extracted with 8:1 DCM/MeOH. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-15% MeOH in DCM) to provide (2E)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6- (3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2- buten-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.46- 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.61-6.72 (m, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.68 (m, 4H), 3.07 (d, J = 4.3 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 6H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 539.2.
[0270] Step 4: (2E)-1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one. To a solution of (2E)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one (23.5 mg, 0.044 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (4 mL) at 0⁰C was added boron tribromide (1.0 M in hexanes, 218 ^L, 0.22 mmol) dropwise via syringe. The resulting yellow slurry was stirred at 0 °C for 2.75 h and then quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (4 mL). The mixture was extracted two times with a 4:1 mixture of DCM/MeOH. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-18% MeOH in DCM) to provide (2E)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-buten-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.97 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.19- 7.30 (m, 3H), 7.07 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.62-6.71 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.69 (m, 4H), 3.07 (d, J = 4.1 Hz, 2H), 2.17 (s, 6H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 525.0.
Examples 18-1 to 18-3
1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one. (Example 18-1) and 2-(bromomethyl)- 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one (Example 18-2) and 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy- 1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1- one (Example 18-3)
Figure imgf000203_0001
[0271] Step 1: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one. A vial was charged with a solution of 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate O, 29 mg, 0.06 mmol) in tert-butanol (0.4 mL) and water (0.4 mL). Phenol (5.7 mg, 0.06 mmol), DABCO (20.3 mg, 0.18 mmol) and formaldehyde (37% aqueous solution, 24 ^L, 0.24 mmol) were added sequentially. The resulting solution was sealed and heated at 55 °C for 29 h. The reaction was cooled to rt and partitioned between water (6 mL) and 10:1 DCM/MeOH. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted two more times with 10:1 DCM/MeOH. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-3.5% MeOH in DCM) to provide 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol- 3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.47-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 5.43 (br. s, 1H), 5.20 (br. s, 1H), 5.14 (t, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.78-3.85 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.66 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 512.0.
[0272] Step 2: 2-(Bromomethyl)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1- naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one and 1-(4-(5-chloro- 7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2- (hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one. To a solution of 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxy- 1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-one (17.1 mg, 0.033 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (4 mL) at 0 ºC was added boron tribromide solution (1.0 M in hexanes, 167 ^L, 0.17 mmol) dropwise via syringe. The resulting slurry was stirred at 0 °C for 40 min before being quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (5 mL). The mixture was extracted twice with a 4:1 mixture of DCM/MeOH. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-7% MeOH in DCM) to give two products.
[0273] First-eluting peak: 2-(bromomethyl)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3- hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.96 (br. s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.19-7.29 (m, 3H), 7.07 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 5.78 (s, 1H), 5.41 (s, 1H), 4.38 (s, 2H), 3.84-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.72 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 560.0
[0274] Second-eluting peak: 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)prop-2-en-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.98 (br. s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.17-7.28 (m, 3H), 7.07 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 5.43 (br. s, 1H), 5.20 (br. s, 1H), 5.07-5.14 (m, 1H), 4.12 (br. s, 2H), 3.78-3.86 (m, 4H), 3.57-3.66 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 498.0
Examples 19-1 to 19-3
1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)- 1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one (Example 19-1) and 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5- hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1- one (Example 19-2) and 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7- yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one (Example 19-3)
Figure imgf000205_0001
Figure imgf000205_0002
Figure imgf000205_0003
[0275] Step 1: tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1H-indazol-7- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A slurry of Intermediate D (232 mg, 0.51 mmol), 5-methoxy-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indazole (535 mg, 1.95 mmol, see synthesis below) and cesium carbonate (636 mg, 1.95 mmol) in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) and water (2 mL) was degassed with an Argon stream.
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (59 mg, 0.05 mmol) was added and the mixture was again degassed with an Argon stream. The reaction mixture was sealed and heated at 100 °C for 18 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and partitioned between brine (40 mL) and EtOAc. The aqueous later was twice extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-4.5% DCM/MeOH) to provide tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7- fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 518.2 (M+H)+.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.90 (br. s, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 1.4 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.61-3.69 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.60 (m, 4H), 1.45 (s, 9H).
Figure imgf000206_0001
[0276] 5-methoxy-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indazole. A suspension of 7-bromo-5-methoxy-1H-indazole (1.00 g, 4.40 mmol, Ark Pharm Inc.
Arlington Heights, IL, USA), potassium acetate (1.30 g, 13.2 mmol) and
bis(pinocolato)diboron (1.23 g, 4.84 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (18 mL) was degassed with an Argon stream. Added [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(ii) complex with dichloromethane (108 mg, 0.13 mmol) and again degassed with an Argon stream. The reaction mixture was sealed and heated at 80 °C for 2 d. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and partitioned between water (50 mL) and EtOAc. The aqueous layer was twice extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 2-65%
EtOAc/heptane) to provide 5-methoxy-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H- indazole. LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 275.1 (M+H)+.
[0277] Step 2: tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro- 6-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1H-indazol-7- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (115 mg, 0.22 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 44.5 mg, 1.1 mmol). After 10 min, iodomethane (69 ^L, 1.1 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred at rt for an additional 15 min before being partitioned between saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (10 mL) and DCM. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with DCM and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-2H- indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. The crude mixture was used in the subsequent step without purification. LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 532.0 (M+H)+.
[0278] Step 3: 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-3- (piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate J) and 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5- methoxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate K). To a solution of the crude mixture of mixture of tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5- methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol- 3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (143 mg) in DCM (6 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (484 ^L, 6.5 mmol) via syringe. The resulting solution was stirred at rt for 25 min and then was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-25%
DCM/MeOH).
[0279] First-eluting peak: The mono-TFA salt of 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1- methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate J). LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 432.0 (M+H)+.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.16 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.35 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.67-3.76 (m, 4H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.42 (m, 4H).
[0280] Second-eluting peak: The mono-TFA salt of 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-2- methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate K). LCMS- ESI (POS.) m/z: 432.0 (M+H)+.
[0281] Step 4: 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. To an ice-cooled slurry of the mono- TFA salt of Intermediate J (108 mg, 0.20 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was added DIPEA (104 ^L, 0.60 mmol) followed by acryloyl chloride (24 ^L, 0.30 mmol) dropwise via syringe. The resulting solution was stirred at 0 °C for 3 h and was then quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution (15 mL) and extracted twice with DCM. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-7% DCM/MeOH) to provide 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro- 6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1- one. LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 486.0 (M+H)+.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.13 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (dd, J = 16.6, 10.6 Hz, 1H), 6.18 (dd, J = 16.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (dd, J = 10.5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 3.85-3.95 (m, 4H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.72 (m, 4H), 3.56 (s, 3H).
[0282] Step 5: 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. To an ice-cooled solution of 1-(4-(5- chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one (72.5 mg, 0.15 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (5 mL) was added boron tribromide solution (1.0 M in hexanes, 746 ^L, 0.75 mmol) dropwise via syringe. The resulting slurry was stirred at 0 °C for 3.75 h and was then quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution (5 mL) and extracted twice with a 4:1 mixture of DCM/MeOH. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-6% DCM/MeOH) to provide 1- (4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indazol-7-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 472.0 (M+H)+.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.40 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81- 6.91 (m, 2H), 6.18 (dd, J = 16.7, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (dd, J = 10.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.81-3.94 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.70 (m, 4H), 3.52 (s, 3H).
[0283] For the synthesis of 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7- yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one .
[0284] Using Intermediate K from Step 3, Steps 4 and 5 were performed as above to deliver 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-indazol-7-yl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3- yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. LCMS-ESI (POS.) m/z: 472.0 (M+H)+.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.28 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 6.95 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.77- 6.90 (m, 2H), 6.18 (dd, J = 16.7, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (dd, J = 10.4, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.94 (m, 4H), 3.58-3.66 (m, 4H). Example 20
1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methylidene-1-butanone
Figure imgf000209_0001
[0285] Step 1: 4-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3- methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylenebutan-1- one. To a solution of 4-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-2-methylenebutanoic acid (101 mg, 0.29 mmol, prepared according to Pihko, P.M., J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71, 2538-2541 and Greaney, M.F., Org. Lett., 2007, 9, 1931-1934) in DCM (2 mL) was added a 2M solution of oxalyl chloride (0.21 mL, 0.43 mmol) at 0 °C followed by a catalytic amount of DMF (5 ^L). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to rt and stirred for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo then diluted with DCM (1 mL) and added to a solution of 5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazole (Intermediate N, 122 mg, 0.29 mmol), triethylamine (0.20 mL, 1.43 mmol), and DCM (2 mL). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to rt and DMAP (2 mg, 0.016 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 15 h then concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 0-50% EtOAc:heptanes) to give 4-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylenebutan-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.61 (m, 4H), 7.52-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.40 (m, 6H), 7.33-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.20-7.19 (m, 1H), 5.37 (s, 1H), 5.24 (s, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.83-3.76 (m, 6H), 3.53 (br s, 2H), 3.31 (s, 4H), 1.01 (s, 9H). m/z (ESI) M+H: 764. [0286] Step 2: 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol- 3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methylidene-1-butanone. To a solution of 4-((tert- butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-methoxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylenebutan-1-one (85 mg, 0.11 mmol) and DCM (2 mL) was added a 2M solution of BBr3 (0.28 mL, 0.56 mmol) in DCM at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was quenched with water, concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel column chromatography (elution with 0-50% heptane/3:1 EtOAc:EtOH) to afford 1-(4-(5- chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-4- hydroxy-2-methylidene-1-butanone. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.93 (br s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 12 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.26-7.20 (m, 3H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 5.32 (s, 1H), 5.16 (s, 1H), 3.83 (br s, 4H), 3.63 (br s, 4H), 3.53 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.42 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H). 19FNMR (377 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -123.8 (s, 1F). m/z (ESI) M+H: 512.
Example 21
1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(7-hydroxy-5-quinolinyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000210_0001
[0287] 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(7-hydroxy-5-quinolinyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one was made from Intermediate D by Method 1 using 7-methoxy- 5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinoline (synthesis below) with the following changes: in Step 7, S-Phos Pd G3, aqueous potassium carbonate, and DME were used; in Step 8-1, TFA/DCM was used; in Step 8-2, DCE was used as solvent; and in Step 8- 3, boron tribromide solution (1.0 M in DCE) was used to give 1-(4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(7- hydroxy-5-quinolinyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.81 (dd, J = 4.2, 1.3 Hz, 1 H) 7.72 - 7.78 (m, 2 H) 7.64 (s, 1 H) 7.28 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1 H) 7.16 (dd, J = 8.4, 4.3 Hz, 1 H) 6.56 - 6.66 (m, 1 H) 6.40 (dd, J = 16.8, 1.6 Hz, 1 H) 5.78 - 5.87 (m, 1 H) 4.01 (br. s., 2 H) 3.89 (br. s., 2 H) 3.50 - 3.60 (m, 4 H). 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ–121.33 (s, 1 F). MS (ESI, +ve) m/z: 469.1 (M + 1)+.
Figure imgf000211_0001
[0288] 7-methoxy-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinoline. A solution of 5-bromo-7-methoxyquinoline (0.407 g, 1.71 mmol, OxChem, Wood Dale, IL, USA), 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.912 g, 3.59 mmol), PdCl2(dppf) (0.051 g, 0.070 mmol), and potassium acetate (0.503 g, 5.13 mmol) in DMF (9 mL) was stirred at 90 °C for 1 h then at 100 °C for 45 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL), and washed with saturated, aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2 × 75 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was adsorbed onto silica and purified via column chromatography (silica gel, 0–80% heptane/EtOAc) to give 7-methoxy-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)quinoline. MS (ESI, +ve) m/z: 286.1 (M + 1)+.
Example 22
1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-4-(2- propenoyl)-2-piperazinecarboxylic acid
Figure imgf000211_0002
[0289] To a solution of methyl 4-acryloyl-1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-2-carboxylate (Example 7-3, 0.022 g, 0.042 mmol) in THF/EtOH (1:1; 6 mL) at 0 °C was added NaOH (5 N aq.; 1.0 mL, 5.0 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 5 min. The reaction was acidified with 5 N HCl at 0 °C, extracted with EtOAc, and purified by HPLC to afford 1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3- hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-4-(2-propenoyl)-2-piperazinecarboxylic acid. m/z (ESI, +ve) 512.0 (M+H)+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 3.14 - 3.28 (m, 1 H) 3.52 - 3.87 (m, 3 H) 4.15 - 5.03 (m, 2 H) 5.15 - 5.23 (m, 1 H) 5.77 - 5.83 (m, 1 H) 6.13 - 6.24 (m, 1 H) 6.86 (br. s., 1 H) 7.06 - 7.12 (m, 1 H) 7.20 - 7.30 (m, 3 H) 7.38 - 7.49 (m, 1 H) 7.76 - 7.84 (m, 1 H) 8.07 - 8.13 (m, 1 H) 9.98 (br. s., 1 H) 13.42 (br. s., 1 H).
Example 23
1-(4-(5-chloro-6-(5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000212_0001
[0290] Example 23 was made as described in Method 1 using (5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol- 4-yl)boronic acid (see synthesis below) in Step 7, and omitting Step 8-3. m/z (ESI, +ve) 482.0 (M+H)+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.92 - 13.19 (1 H, m), 8.02 - 8.21 (1 H, m), 7.47 - 7.60 (2 H, m), 7.02 - 7.09 (1 H, m), 6.80 - 6.93 (1 H, m), 6.15 - 6.25 (1 H, m), 5.71 - 5.82 (1 H, m), 3.80 - 3.96 (4 H, m), 3.60 - 3.72 (4 H, m), 1.55 - 1.74 (1 H, m), 0.72 - 0.79 (2 H, m), 0.58 - 0.71 (2 H, m).
(5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)boronic acid
Figure imgf000212_0002
[0291] Step 1: 2-bromo-1-cyclopropyl-4-fluorobenzene. To a 2-L round bottom flask at ambient temperature was added 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene (22 g, 73.1 mmol) and cyclopropylboronic acid (12.6 g, 146 mmol) in cyclopentyl methyl ether (1.1 L). Na2CO3 (2 M aq.; 183 mL) was added, and the reaction was degassed with N2-gas for 20 minutes.
Tetrakis (8.45 g, 7.31 mmol) was added, and the reaction was degassed again with N2-gas for 20 minutes. The reaction mixture was then transferred to a 5-L autoclave under N2-atm and heated to 130 °C for 40 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, filtered through a Celite pad, and washed with diethyl ether (200 mL). To the filtrate was added water (500 mL), and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (2 × 300 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude material was adsorbed onto a plug of silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 100% petroleum ether) to provide 2- bromo-1-cyclopropyl-4-fluorobenzene. GC-MS m/z: 214/216 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.36– 7.23 (m, 1H), 6.95 (dt, J = 7.0, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 2.09 (ddd, J = 13.8, 8.5, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 1.12 – 0.88 (m, 2H), 0.76– 0.50 (m, 2H).
[0292] Step 2: 2-bromo-3-cyclopropyl-6-fluorobenzaldehyde. To a 500-mL round- bottom flask was added 2-bromo-1-cycloproyl-4-fluorobenzene (6.5 g, 30.2 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (130 mL) under N2-atm. LDA (18.1 mL, 36.3 mmol, 2 M in THF, 1.2 equiv) was added dropwise at–78 °C (internal temperature maintained between–65 °C to–70 °C), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h. DMF (6 mL) was then added dropwise to the reaction mixture (internal temperature maintained between–65 °C to–70 °C), and the reaction was stirred for a further 3 h at–78 °C. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (100 mL) and slowly warmed to ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with diethyl ether (200 mL), and the organic layer separated and washed with a brine solution (2 × 50 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude material was adsorbed onto a plug of silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–2% EtOAc/hexane) to provide 2-bromo-3-cyclopropyl-6-fluorobenzaldehyde. GC-MS m/z: 2421H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.43 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.26– 7.12 (m, 1H), 7.06 (t, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 2.15 (td, J = 8.4, 4.3 Hz, 1H), 1.17– 0.94 (m, 2H), 0.78– 0.52 (m, 2H).
[0293] Step 3: 4-bromo-5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazole. To a 100-mL sealed tube was added 2-bromo-3-cyclopropyl-6-fluorobenzaldehyde (4 g, 16.5 mmol) and hydrazine hydrate (4.0 mL, 82 mmol) in ethylene glycol (40 mL). The reaction was stirred for 2 h at 90 °C and then heated to 150 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, and ice cold water (40 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL) were added. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 40 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (2 × 40 mL) and brine solution (40 mL), dried over anhydrous aqueous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was adsorbed onto a plug of silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–20% EtOAc/hexane) to provide 4- bromo-5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazole. The compound was purified by reverse phase preparative liquid chromatography (YMC: C18, 150 × 20 mm, 5 µm; mobile phase: 0.1% TFA in water and acetonitrile; flow rate: 15 mL/min) to afford pure compound. MS (ESI positive ion) m/z: 237/239.0 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 13.31 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 2.21 (tt, J = 8.5, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.24– 0.87 (m, 2H), 0.93 – 0.33 (m, 2H).
[0294] Step 4: 5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)boronic acid. To a 100-mL round- bottomed flask was added 4-bromo-5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazole (0.62 g, 2.6 mmol) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (0.996 g, 3.92 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (25 mL); potassium acetate (0.77 g, 7.84 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was degassed with N2-gas for 10 minutes. PdCl2(dppf) .DCM adduct (0.213 g, 0.261 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture; the reaction mixture was again degassed with N2-gas for 10 minutes then heated to 100 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, filtered through a Celite pad, and washed with EtOAc (50 mL). The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, and the crude material was adsorbed onto a plug of silica gel and chromatographically purified (silica gel, 0–50% EtOAc/hexane). The compound was further purified by reverse phase preparative liquid chromatography (Grace column; 0–70% MeCN/water) to provide 5-cyclopropyl-1H-indazol- 4-yl)boronic acid. MS (ESI positive ion) m/z: 285.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.88 (s, 1H), 8.13 (q, J = 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J = 8.8, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 2.78– 2.60 (m, 1H), 1.38 (d, J = 1.4 Hz, 12H), 1.07– 0.85 (m, 2H), 0.75– 0.48 (m, 2H). Example 24
1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-(methylamino)-1-isoquinolinyl)-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000214_0001
[0295] Step 1: 1-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-6-yl)-N- methylisoquinolin-3-amine. To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 30 mg, 0.067 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.6 mL) at 0 °C was added a solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride (2.0 M solution in tetrahyrdofuran, 0.050 mL, 0.100 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 5 min before zinc chloride (1.9 M solution in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 0.053 mL, 0.100 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was warmed to rt and stirred for 40 min. The reaction mixture was then transferred to a vial containing Sphos Pd G3 (5.76 mg, 6.66 µmol) and tert-butyl (1-bromoisoquinolin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate (24.7 mg, 0.073 mmol, see synthesis below) and heated to 70 °C overnight. The crude reaction was diluted with sat. aq. NH4Cl (50 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 6- 20% MeOH in DCM afforded 1-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-3-(piperazin-1-yl)benzo[c]isothiazol-6- yl)-N-methylisoquinolin-3-amine. m/z (ESI, +ve) 428.1 (M+H)+.
[0296] Synthesis of tert-butyl (1-bromoisoquinolin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate: To a solution of 1-bromoisoquinolin-3-amine (200 mg, 0.897 mmol, Maybridge Chemical Co., Altrincham, UK) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) at rt was added sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 1.79 mL, 1.79 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 10 min before a solution of Boc-anhydride (0.208 mL, 0.897 mmol) in THF (1 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 5 min before being diluted with sat. aq. NH4Cl (50 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-20% EtOAc in heptane afforded tert-butyl (1-bromoisoquinolin-3-yl)carbamate. m/z (ESI, +ve) 345.0 (M+Na)+.
[0297] To a solution of tert-butyl (1-bromoisoquinolin-3-yl)carbamate (140 mg, 0.433 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (3 mL) at rt was added sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 22.52 mg, 0.563 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 15 min before methyl iodide (0.033 mL, 0.520 mmol) was added. After stirring overnight the reaction was diluted with sat. aq. NH4Cl (50 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0- 10% EtOAc in heptane afforded tert-butyl (1-bromoisoquinolin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate.1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 8.25 (d, J = 8.61 Hz, 1H), 7.88-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.79 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 1.54 (s, 9H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 359.1 (M+H)+.
[0298] Step 2: 1-(4-(5-Chloro-7-fluoro-6-(3-(methylamino)-1-isoquinolinyl)-2,1- benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Procedure analogous to Method 1, Step 8-2. Purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-14% MeOH in DCM over 15 min.1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.72-6.84 (m, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.15-6.28 (m, 1H), 5.68-5.81 (m, 1H), 3.87-3.97 (m, 4H), 3.63 (m, 4H), 2.90 (s, 3H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 482.0 (M+H)+.
Example 25
[0299] 1-(4-(6-(3-Amino-1-isoquinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000216_0001
[0300] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(6-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)isoquinolin-1-yl)-5- chloro-7-fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. Procedure analogous to Example 25, Step 1, using a solution of 1.3 M isopropylmagnesium lithium chloride in THF in place of isopropylmagnesium chloride solution and bis(2-methyl-2-propanyl) (1-bromo-3- isoquinolinyl)-2-imidodicarbonate (synthesis below) in place of tert-butyl (1- bromoisoquinolin-3-yl)(methyl)carbamate. m/z (ESI, +ve) 614.2 (M+H)+.
[0301] Synthesis of bis(2-methyl-2-propanyl) (1-bromo-3-isoquinolinyl)-2- imidodicarbonate: To a solution of 1-bromoisoquinolin-3-amine (1.0 g, 4.48 mmol, Maybridge Chemical Co., Altrincham, UK) in DCM (50 mL) at 0 °C was added Boc- anhydride (3.12 mL, 13.45 mmol) and DMAP (0.055 g, 0.448 mmol). The reaction was warmed to rt and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was then diluted with sat. aq. NH4Cl (100 mL) and DCM (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-10% EtOAc in heptane over 15 min afforded bis(2-methyl-2-propanyl) (1-bromo-3- isoquinolinyl)-2-imidodicarbonate.1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 8.36 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.92 (m, 3H), 1.44 (s, 18H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 267.0 (M+H)+. [0302] Step 2: 1-(4-(6-(3-Amino-1-isoquinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3- yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Procedure analogous to Method 1, Steps 8-1 and 8-2 with the use of TFA in DCM in place of 4M HCl in dioxane/MeOH in Step 8-1. Purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-12% MeOH in DCM. This material was then subjected to SFC purification: diol column (21.2 x 250 mm, 5 μm) using 17% (20 mM NH3 in MeOH) in supercritical CO2 (total flow rate was 7 g/min) to afford 1-(4-(6-(3-amino- 1-isoquinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (s, 1H), 6.71 (dd, J = 10.8, 16.8 Hz, 1H), 6.2 (dd, J = 1.5, 16.8 Hz, 1H), 5.70 (dd, J = 1.5, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 3.82-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.50-3.66 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 468.0 (M+H)+.
Example 26
1-(4-(6-(2-Amino-4-quinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)- 2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000217_0001
[0303] Step 1: tert-Butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(tributylstannyl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. A solution of tert-butyl 4-(6-bromo-5-chloro-7- fluorobenzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate D, 320 mg, 0.710 mmol), 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexabutyldistannane (824 mg, 1.420 mmol), and
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (82 mg, 0.071 mmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (5 mL) was heated in a sealed vial in the microwave at 160 °C for 40 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with sat. aq. NaHCO3 (50 mL), brine (50 mL) and EtOAc (100 mL). The organic layer separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0- 30% EtOAc in heptane afforded tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6- (tributylstannyl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. m/z (ESI, +ve) 662.2 (M+H)+.
[0304] Step 2: 2-Methyl-2-propanyl 4-(6-(2-(bis(((2-methyl-2- propanyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-quinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinecarboxylate. A solution of di-tert-butyl (4-bromoquinolin-2-yl)-2- imidodicarbonate (19.2 mg, 0.045 mmol, prepared in analogous fashion to bis(2-methyl-2- propanyl) (1-bromo-3-isoquinolinyl)-2-imidodicarbonate in Example 26 using 4- bromoquinolin-2-amine (Ark Pharm Inc. Arlington Heights, IL, USA) as starting material, tert-butyl 4-(5-chloro-7-fluoro-6-(tributylstannyl)benzo[c]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate (20 mg, 0.030 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (6.99 mg, 6.05 µmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA), copper(I) iodide (1.153 mg, 6.05 µmol) and cesium fluoride (13.79 mg, 0.091 mmol) in DMF (0.5 mL) was heated in a sealed vial at 60 °C for 30 min. The crude reaction was diluted with sat. aq. NaHCO3 (50 mL) and EtOAc (100 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 0-50% EtOAc in heptane afforded 2-methyl-2-propanyl 4-(6-(2-(bis(((2-methyl-2- propanyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-quinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)-1- piperazinecarboxylate. m/z (ESI, +ve) 714.2 (M+H)+.
[0305] Step 3: 1-(4-(6-(2-amino-4-quinolinyl)-5-chloro-7-fluoro-2,1-benzothiazol-3-yl)- 1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. Procedure analogous to Method 1, Steps 8-1 and 8-2 with the use of TFA in DCM in place of 4 M HCl in dioxane/MeOH in Step 8-1.1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.10 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.03-7.08 (m, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.67-6.81 (m, 2H), 6.19 (dd, J = 1.8, 16.6 Hz, 1H), 5.72 (dd, J = 1.8, 10.6 Hz, 1H), 3.87-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.56-3.66 (m, 4H). m/z (ESI, +ve) 468.0 (M+H)+. Example 27
1-(4-(3-(2-Fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-5-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)pyrido[2,3- d]pyridazin-8-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000219_0001
[0306] Step 1: 6,7-Dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine-5,8-dione. Hydrazine (1.26 mL, 40.2 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic anhydride (4.00 g, 26.8 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 16 h before being cooled to rt and concentrated in vacuo to give crude 6,7-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine-5,8- dione that was used directly in the next step. m/z (ESI) M+H: 164.1.
[0307] Step 2: 5,8-Dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine. Pyridine (4.57 mL, 53.7 mmol) was added to a mixture of crude 6,7-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine-5,8-dione (4.38 g, 26.8 mmol) in phosphorus(v) oxychloride (20.1 mL, 215 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (250 mL) at ~10 °C. The aqueous suspension was stirred for 15 min before being extracted with EtOAc (250 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (200 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave 5,8-dichloropyrido[2,3- d]pyridazine. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.41 (1 H, dd, J = 4.30, 1.56 Hz) 8.65 (1 H, dd, J = 8.41, 1.56 Hz) 8.02 (1 H, dd, J = 8.41, 4.30 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 200.0.
[0308] Step 3: 3,5-Dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8(7H)-one and 3,8- dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one. N-Chlorosuccinimide (1268 mg, 9.50 mmol, TCI America, Portland, OR, USA) was added to a stirred solution of 5,8-dichloropyrido[2,3- d]pyridazine (950 mg, 4.75 mmol) in acetic acid (20 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to 100 °C for 16 h. Additional N-chlorosuccinimide (1268 mg, 9.50 mmol, TCI America, Portland, OR, USA) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for another 4 h. Additional N-chlorosuccinimide (634 mg, 4.75 mmol, TCI America, Portland, OR, USA) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred for another 4 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with water (75 mL) and extracted three times with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (150 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 75% EtOAc in heptane) gave a regioisomeric mixture of 3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin- 8(7H)-one compound and 3,8-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one. m/z (ESI) M+H: 215.9.
[0309] Step 4: 3,5,8-Trichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine. Pyridine (2.024 mL, 23.79 mmol) was added to the regioisomeric mixture of 3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8(7H)- one and 3,8-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one (2.57 g, 11.90 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (8.90 mL, 95 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (150 mL) at ~10 °C. The aqueous suspension was stirred for 15 min before being extracted with EtOAc (200 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (150 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave 3,5,8-trichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.27 (1 H, d, J = 2.35 Hz) 8.58 (1 H, d, J = 2.35 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 233.9. [0310] Step 5: tert-Butyl 4-(3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. 1-Boc-piperazine (278 mg, 1.494 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 3,5,8-trichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine (292 mg, 1.245 mmol) and triethylamine (0.350 mL, 2.491 mmol) in dimethyl sulfoxide (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h before being diluted with EtOAc (75 mL), and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (75 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 25% acetone in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3- d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate, the first of two regioisomers to elute. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.01 (1 H, d, J = 2.54 Hz) 8.43 (1 H, d, J = 2.54 Hz) 4.04 - 4.15 (4 H, m) 3.64 - 3.70 (4 H, m) 1.50 (9 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 384.0.
[0311] Step 6: tert-Butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. tert-Butyl 4-(3,5-dichloropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (199 mg, 0.518 mmol), 2-isopropylphenylboronic acid (93 mg, 0.570 mmol, Alfa Aesar, Haver Hill, MA, USA), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (59.8 mg, 0.052 mmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA), and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 1.036 mL, 2.072 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt, diluted with EtOAc (50 mL), and washed with water (40 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave a mixture of starting material and desired product. The mixture was re-subjected to the original reaction conditions using less 2-isopropylphenylboronic acid (56 mg, 0.342 mmol, Alfa Aesar, Haver Hill, MA, USA). The mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 16 h. Additional 2- isopropylphenylboronic acid (28 mg, 0.171 mmol, Alfa Aesar, Haver Hill, MA, USA) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred for another 6 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt, diluted with EtOAc (50 mL), and washed with water (40 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.95 (1 H, d, J = 2.35 Hz) 7.72 (1 H, d, J = 2.54 Hz) 7.45 - 7.53 (2 H, m) 7.26 - 7.33 (1 H, m) 7.16 - 7.21 (1 H, m) 4.04 - 4.23 (4 H, m) 3.66 - 3.73 (4 H, m) 2.67 (1 H, spt, J = 6.75 Hz) 1.48 (9 H, s) 1.16 (3 H, d, J = 6.85 Hz) 1.03 (3 H, d, J = 6.85 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 468.2.
[0312] Step 7: tert-Butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3- d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. Methyllithium (1.6 M solution in diethyl ether, 0.137 mL, 0.219 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2- isopropylphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (93 mg, 0.199 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) at -78 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 5 min before being allowed to warm to 0 °C and stirred for 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled back down to -78 °C and additional methyllithium (1.6 M solution in diethyl ether, 0.068 mL, 0.109 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 5 min before being allowed to warm to 0 °C and stirred for another 15 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (30 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give crude tert-butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methyl-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3- d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. m/z (ESI) M+H: 484.3.
[0313] 4,5-Dichloro-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (45.0 mg, 0.198 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of crude tert-butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)- 2-methyl-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (96 mg, 0.198 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 10 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (30 mL) and washed with water (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine- 1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.72 (1 H, s) 7.51 - 7.55 (2 H, m) 7.32 - 7.37 (1 H, m) 7.22 - 7.27 (1 H, m) 4.08 - 4.25 (4 H, m) 3.71 - 3.79 (4 H, m) 2.87 (3 H, s) 2.73 (1 H, spt, J = 6.68 Hz) 1.54 (9 H, s) 1.21 (3 H, d, J = 6.85 Hz) 1.07 (3 H, d, J = 6.85 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 482.1.
[0314] Step 8: tert-Butyl 4-(3-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2- methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. tert-Butyl 4-(3-chloro-5-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (78 mg, 0.162 mmol), (2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)boronic acid (101 mg, 0.647 mmol, Combi- Blocks), Sphos Pd G3 (14.00 mg, 0.016 mmol) and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 0.324 mL, 0.647 mmol) were mixed in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (1 mL) under an argon atmosphere and then heated at 80 °C for 2.5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled, diluted with EtOAc (30 mL), and washed with water (25 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (25 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(3-(2- fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (66 mg, 0.118 mmol, 73.1 % yield). m/z (ESI) M+H: 558.2.
[0315] Step 9: 3-Fluoro-2-(5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methyl-8-(piperazin-1- yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-3-yl)phenol. Trifluoroacetic acid (0.2 mL, 2.68 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of tert-butyl 4-(3-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2- isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (64 mg, 0.115 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (30 mL) and quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give crude 3-fluoro-2-(5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-methyl-8- (piperazin-1-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-3-yl)phenol. m/z (ESI) M+H: 458.1.
[0316] Step 10: 1-(4-(3-(2-Fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2- methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Acryloyl chloride (9.45 µl, 0.116 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 3-fluoro-2-(5-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2- methyl-8-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-3-yl)phenol (53 mg, 0.116 mmol) and triethylamine (0.049 mL, 0.348 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (25 mL) and quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave 1-(4-(3-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-5-(2-(2-propanyl)phenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-8-yl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.51 (0.6 H, br s) 8.98 (0.4 H, br s) 7.63 (0.4 H, s) 7.58 (0.6 H, s) 7.35 - 7.43 (2 H, m) 7.10 - 7.26 (3 H, m) 6.78 (1 H, dd, J = 16.63, 8.22 Hz) 6.59 - 6.71 (2 H, m) 6.36 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.57 Hz) 5.78 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.37 Hz) 4.10 - 4.38 (4 H, m) 3.80 - 4.03 (4 H, m) 2.60 - 2.72 (1 H, m) 2.61 (1.2 H, s) 2.59 (1.8 H, s) 0.91 - 1.08 (6 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 512.3. Example 28
1-(4-(7-Chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((1R)-1-phenylethyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one and 1-(4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((1S)-1- phenylethyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000224_0001
[0317] A mixture of α-methylbenzylzinc bromide (0.5 M in THF, 492 µl, 0.246 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5.68 mg, 4.92 µmol, Strem Chemicals Inc.,
NewburyPort, MA, USA), and 1-(4-(4,7-dichloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate I, 22 mg, 0.049 mmol) was stirred at 60 °C in a sealed vial for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated and chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave a mixture of 1-(4-(7- chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((1R)-1-phenylethyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)- 2-propen-1-one and 1-(4-(7-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-((1S)-1-phenylethyl)-1- phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 8.27 (1 H, s) 8.15 (0.33 H, s) 8.10 (0.67 H, s) 7.19 - 7.31 (5 H, m) 7.10 - 7.16 (1 H, m) 6.86 (1 H, dd, J = 16.73, 10.66 Hz) 6.62 - 6.78 (2 H, m) 6.27 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.96 Hz) 5.80 (1 H, dd, J = 10.66, 1.86 Hz) 4.94 - 5.01 (1 H, m) 3.93 - 4.03 (4 H, m) 3.49 - 3.60 (4 H, m) 1.81 (3 H, d, J = 7.04 Hz). m/z (ESI) M+H: 517.1.
Example 29
1-(4-(7-Chloro-4-(4-fluorobenzyl)-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1- piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one
Figure imgf000224_0002
[0318] 4-Fluorobenzylzinc chloride (0.5 M in THF, 0.089 mL, 0.044 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 1-(4-(4,7-dichloro-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (Intermediate I, 18 mg, 0.040 mmol) and
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (4.65 mg, 4.02 µmol, Strem Chemicals Inc.,
NewburyPort, MA, USA) in tetrahydrofuran (0.1 mL) in a sealed vial under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h before being heated to 40 °C for 3 h. Additional 4-fluorobenzylzinc chloride (0.089 mL, 0.044 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for another 16 h. Additional 4-fluorobenzylzinc chloride (0.089 mL, 0.044 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was heated to 60 °C and stirred for 6 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave 1-(4-(7-chloro-4-(4- fluorobenzyl)-6-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl)-1-piperazinyl)-2-propen-1-one. 1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ 8.32 (1 H, s) 8.19 (1 H, s) 7.26 - 7.34 (3 H, m) 6.98 (2 H, t, J = 8.71 Hz) 6.69 - 6.91 (3 H, m) 6.28 (1 H, dd, J = 16.92, 1.86 Hz) 5.82 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.76 Hz) 4.54 - 4.65 (2 H, m) 3.99 (4 H, m) 3.58 (4 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 521.2. Examples 30 and 31
2-(1-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-4-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 30) and 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-1-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol (Example 31)
Figure imgf000226_0001
[0319] Step 1: 1,4,6,7-Tetrachlorophthalazine (Intermediate L). Pyridine (431 µl, 5.28 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (Intermediate G, 610 mg, 2.64 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (2.4 mL, 26.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 100 °C for 2 h then cooled and poured slowly into rapidly stirred water (75 mL) at ~10 °C. The resulting suspension was filtered, and the solid was washed with water to give 1,4,6,7-tetrachlorophthalazine. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.43 (2 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 266.9.
[0320] Step 2: tert-Butyl 4-(4,6,7-trichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (Intermediate M). 1-Boc-piperazine (340 mg, 1.824 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 1,4,6,7-tetrachlorophthalazine (Intermediate L, 543 mg, 2.027 mmol) and triethylamine (0.846 mL, 6.08 mmol) in dichloromethane (8 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 2 days. Additional 1-boc-piperazine (340 mg, 1.824 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for another 23 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL) and extracted with DCM (30 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(4,6,7-trichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.35 (1 H, s) 8.12 (1 H, s) 3.68 - 3.75 (4 H, m) 3.45 - 3.52 (4 H, m) 1.51 (9 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 417.0.
[0321] Step 3: tert-Butyl 4-(6,7-dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. tert-Butyl 4-(4,6,7-trichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
(Intermediate M, 95 mg, 0.227 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (26.3 mg, 0.023 mmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA), phenylboronic acid (27.7 mg, 0.227 mmol), and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 0.341 mL, 0.682 mmol) were mixed in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) in a sealed vial under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 24 h. Additional tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (26.3 mg, 0.023 mmol) and phenylboronic acid (13.5 mg, 0.113 mmol) were added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for another 24 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (25 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(6,7-dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.13 (1 H, s) 8.07 (1 H, s) 7.62 - 7.67 (2 H, m) 7.50 - 7.55 (3 H, m) 3.65 - 3.74 (4 H, m) 3.44 - 3.53 (4 H, m) 1.47 (9 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 459.1.
[0322] Step 4: 6,7-Dichloro-1-phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine. tert-Butyl 4-(6,7- dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (68 mg, 0.148 mmol) was stirred in trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL, 13.46 mmol) at rt for 20 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL) and extracted two times with DCM (25 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give crude 6,7-dichloro-1-phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine that was used directly in the next step. m/z (ESI) M+H: 359.0.
[0323] Step 5: 1-(4-(6,7-Dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1- one. Acryloyl chloride (0.013 mL, 0.162 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 6,7- dichloro-1-phenyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)phthalazine (53 mg, 0.148 mmol) and triethylamine (0.062 mL, 0.443 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (15 mL) and extracted with DCM (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave 1-(4-(6,7-dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1- yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Cloroform-d) δ 8.20 (1 H, s) 8.14 (1 H, s) 7.66 - 7.75 (2 H, m) 7.54 - 7.62 (3 H, m) 6.66 (1 H, dd, J = 16.63, 10.37 Hz) 6.37 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.96 Hz) 5.78 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.96 Hz) 3.85 - 4.04 (1 H, m) 3.53 - 3.72 (1 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 431.2.
[0324] Step 6: 2-(1-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-4-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol and 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-1-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol. 1-(4-(6,7-Dichloro-4-phenylphthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (43 mg, 0.104 mmol), 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic acid (17.84 mg, 0.114 mmol, Combi-Blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), Sphos Pd G3 (9.00 mg, 10.40 µmol), and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 0.156 mL, 0.312 mmol) were mixed in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (0.5 mL) in a sealed vial under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 3 h. Additional 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic acid (8.92 mg, 0.057 mmol, Combi- Blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) and SPhos Pd G3 (9.00 mg, 10.40 µmol) were added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for another 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (15 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (10 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave a mixture of the two regioisomeric products. Reverse phase preparative chromatography (XBridge Prep C185 µm OBD, 150 × 30 mm; 35 to 55% (0.1% TFA in water) in (0.1% TFA in acetonitrile); flow rate = 30 mL/min) gave the separated regioisomeric products. The fractions containing the individual regioisomers were neutralized with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with DCM, and the organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The separated regioisomers were further individually purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane). 2-(1-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-4-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 30), was the first regioisomer to elute from the reverse phase preparative chromatography. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.21 (1 H, s) 8.06 (1 H, s) 7.62 - 7.69 (2 H, m) 7.45 - 7.51 (3 H, m) 7.24 - 7.32 (1 H, m) 6.81 - 6.90 (1 H, m) 6.75 (1 H, t, J = 8.41 Hz) 6.65 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.38 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.76 Hz) 5.79 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.76 Hz) 3.86 - 4.02 (4 H, m) 3.57 - 3.76 (4 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 489.0. 2- (4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-1-phenyl-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 31), was the second regioisomer to elute from the reverse phase column. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.15 (1 H, s) 8.12 (1 H, s) 7.68 - 7.73 (2 H, m) 7.53 - 7.58 (3 H, m) 7.30 (1 H, br td, J = 8.22, 6.65 Hz) 6.88 (1 H, d, J = 8.22 Hz) 6.78 (1 H, t, J = 8.61 Hz) 6.57 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.28 (1 H, dd, J = 16.73, 1.66 Hz) 5.71 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.56 Hz) 3.78 - 3.89 (4 H, m) 3.51 - 3.73 (4 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 489.1.
Examples 32 and 33
2-(1-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 32) and 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-1-methoxy-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol (Example 33)
Figure imgf000229_0001
[0325] Examples 32 and 33 were prepared in an analogous method to Examples 30 and 31 with the exception of Step 3, which was changed as follows:
[0326] Step 3: tert-Butyl 4-(6,7-dichloro-4-methoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. tert-Butyl 4-(4,6,7-trichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
(Intermediate M, 198 mg, 0.474 mmol) and sodium methoxide (25% solution in methanol, 2 mL, 8.75 mmol) were mixed in a sealed vial. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (25 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (25 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(6,7-dichloro-4- methoxyphthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.29 (1 H, s) 8.08 (1 H, s) 4.22 (3 H, s) 3.68 - 3.73 (4 H, m) 3.33 - 3.38 (4 H, m) 1.51 (9 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 413.1.
[0327] From step 6: First eluting regioisomer: 2-(1-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7- chloro-4-methoxy-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 32) 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.23 (1 H, s) 8.11 (1 H, s) 7.32 (1 H, td, J = 8.31, 6.46 Hz) 6.88 (1 H, d, J = 8.22 Hz) 6.77 - 6.83 (1 H, m) 6.65 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.37 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.76 Hz) 5.79 (1 H, dd, J = 10.47, 1.86 Hz) 4.18 (3 H, s) 3.79 - 4.05 (4 H, m) 3.34 - 3.54 (4 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 443.1.
[0328] Second eluting regioisomer: 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-chloro-1-methoxy-6- phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 33) 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.32 (1 H, s) 8.01 (1 H, s) 7.32 (1 H, td, J = 8.27, 6.55 Hz) 6.89 (1 H, d, J = 8.22 Hz) 6.77 - 6.83 (1 H, m) 6.60 (1 H, dd, J = 17.02, 10.56 Hz) 6.30 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.76 Hz) 5.75 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.76 Hz) 4.22 (3 H, s) 3.67 - 3.98 (4 H, m) 3.25 - 3.55 (4 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 443.1.
Example 34:
1-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-benzyl-6,7-dichlorophthalazine
Figure imgf000230_0001
[0329] Example 34 was prepared in an analogous method to Examples 30 and 31 with the exception of step 6, which was omitted, and Steps 2 and 3, which were changed as follows:
[0330] Steps 2 and 3: tert-Butyl 4-(4-benzyl-6,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1- carboxylate. Benzylzinc bromide (0.5 M in THF, 1.926 mL, 0.963 mmol) was added to a sealed vial containing 1,4,6,7-tetrachlorophthalazine (Intermediate L, 258 mg, 0.963 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (111 mg, 0.096 mmol, Strem Chemicals Inc., NewburyPort, MA, USA) under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. 1-Boc-piperazine (1.79 g, 9.63 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (40 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (40 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 50% EtOAc in heptane) gave tert-butyl 4-(4-benzyl-6,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.11 (1 H, s) 8.10 (1 H, s) 7.27 - 7.35 (4 H, m) 7.20 - 7.25 (1 H, m) 4.59 (2 H, s) 3.69 - 3.74 (4 H, m) 3.44 - 3.49 (4 H, m) 1.52 (9 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 473.1. m/z (ESI) M+H: 473.1.
[0331] From step 5: 1-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-benzyl-6,7-dichlorophthalazine. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ ppm 8.13 (1 H, s) 8.12 (1 H, s) 7.28 - 7.36 (4 H, m) 7.20 - 7.26 (1 H, m) 6.65 (1 H, dd, J=16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.37 (1 H, dd, J=16.82, 1.57 Hz) 5.78 (1 H, dd, J=10.56, 1.56 Hz) 4.61 (2 H, s) 3.83 - 4.01 (4 H, m) 3.48 - 3.62 (4 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 427.1.
Example 35 and 36:
2-(1-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-benzyl-7-chloro-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 35) and 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-benzyl-7-chloro-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol (Example 36)
Figure imgf000231_0001
[0332] 1-(4-(4-Benzyl-6,7-dichlorophthalazin-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. (Example 34, 35 mg, 0.082 mmol), 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic acid (12.77 mg, 0.082 mmol, Combi-Blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), SPhos Pd G3 (7.09 mg, 8.19 µmol), and sodium carbonate (2 M aqueous, 0.123 mL, 0.246 mmol) were mixed in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (0.3 mL) in a sealed vial under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (15 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (10 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% EtOAc in heptane) gave a mixture of the two regioisomeric products. Reverse phase preparative chromatography (XBridge Prep C185 µm OBD, 150 × 30 mm; 20 to 90% (0.1% TFA in water) in (0.1% TFA in acetonitrile); flow rate = 30 mL/min) gave the partially separated regioisomeric products. The fractions containing the regioisomers were neutralized with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with DCM, and the organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. 2-(1-(4-acryloyl-1- piperazinyl)-4-benzyl-7-chloro-6-phthalazinyl)-3-fluorophenol (Example 35), was the first regioisomer to elute during reverse phase preparative chromatography, and contained approximately 36% of the second regioisomer to elute. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.13 (1 H, s) 8.11 (1 H, s) 7.12 - 7.37 (6 H, m) 6.91 (1 H, d, J = 8.22 Hz) 6.77 (1 H, t, J = 8.61 Hz) 6.64 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.37 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.76 Hz) 5.79 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.96 Hz) 4.55 (2 H, s) 3.34 - 4.01 (8 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 503.1. 2-(4-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-benzyl-7-chloro-6-phthalazinyl)-3- fluorophenol (Example 36), was the second regioisomer to elute. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.12 (1 H, s) 8.05 (1 H, s) 7.26 - 7.36 (5 H, m) 7.19 - 7.24 (1 H, m) 6.93 (1 H, d, J = 8.41 Hz) 6.76 (1 H, t, J = 8.31 Hz) 6.58 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.76 Hz) 6.28 (1 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.76 Hz) 5.75 (1 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.76 Hz) 4.54 (2 H, s) 3.32 - 3.93 (8 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 503.1.
Example 37
1-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-benzyl-6-chloro-7-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)phthalazine and 1-(4-acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-benzyl-7-chloro-6-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4- yl)phthalazine
Figure imgf000232_0001
[0333] Example 37 was prepared in an analogous method to Examples 35 and 36 with 5- methyl-1h-indazol-4-yl boronic acid (Combi-Blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) in place of 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic acid. In this embodiment the two regioisomeric products were not separated.1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.23 (0.6 H, s) 8.22 (0.4 H, s) 8.02 (0.4 H, s) 8.00 (0.6 H, s) 7.19 - 7.57 (8 H, m) 6.68 (0.4 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.60 (0.6 H, dd, J = 16.82, 10.56 Hz) 6.38 (0.4 H, dd, J = 16.63, 1.76 Hz) 6.32 (0.6 H, dd, J = 16.82, 1.76 Hz) 5.79 (0.4 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.76 Hz) 5.73 (0.6 H, dd, J = 10.56, 1.76 Hz) 4.67 (1.2 H, s) 4.60 (0.8 H, s) 3.74 - 4.06 (4 H, m) 3.46 - 3.70 (4 H, m) 2.21 (1.8 H, s) 2.06 (1.2 H, s). m/z (ESI) M+H: 523. Example 38
6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-propenoyl)-1- piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
Figure imgf000233_0001
[0334] The starting material for Example 38 was prepared using Method 8 Steps 1-4 with reagents 2,5,6-trichloronicotinic acid (Step 1), aminomethylcyclopropane (Step 2), 2-fluoro- 6-hydroxyphenylboronic acid (Step 4, Combi-Blocks Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), and sodium carbonate (Step 4).
[0335] Step 1: 7-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-1- (cyclopropylmethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione. tert- Butylchlorodiphenylsilane (0.036 mL, 0.139 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 6- chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine- 2,4(1H,3H)-dione (42 mg, 0.116 mmol) and triethylamine (0.065 mL, 0.464 mmol) in acetonitrile (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous NH4Cl (25 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (30 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (25 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give crude 7-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6- chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione that was used directly in the next step. m/z (ESI) M+H: 599.8.
[0336] Step 2: 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6- fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one.
Phosphorus oxychloride (0.087 mL, 0.933 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of crude 7- (2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)pyrido[2,3- d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (70 mg, 0.117 mmol), triethylamine (0.295 mL, 2.099 mmol), and 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (167 mg, 1.400 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 4 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was taken up in 1,2-dichloroethane (2 mL), and triethylamine (0.295 mL, 2.099 mmol) and 1-(piperazin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (32.7 mg, 0.233 mmol, eNovation Chemicals LLC, Bridgewater, NJ, USA) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. Additional triethylamine (0.148 mL, 1.050 mmol) and 1-(piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one (32.7 mg, 0.233 mmol, eNovation Chemicals LLC, Bridgewater, NJ, USA) were added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h before being heated to 60 °C and stirred for 4 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (40 mL) and extracted with DCM (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was again taken up in 1,2- dichloroethane (2 mL), and triethylamine (0.295 mL, 2.099 mmol) and 1-(piperazin-1- yl)prop-2-en-1-one (32.7 mg, 0.233 mmol, eNovation Chemicals LLC, Bridgewater, NJ, USA) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 6 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (40 mL) and extracted with DCM (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo.
Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% (3:1 EtOAc/EtOH) in heptane) gave 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6- fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one that was taken on in the next step without further purification. m/z (ESI) M+H: 721.8.
[0337] Step 3: 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-7-(2- fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 0.025 mL, 0.025 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 4-(4-acryloylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(2-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-6-fluorophenyl)- 6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (6 mg, 8.31 µmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 20 min before being concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel, 0 to 100% (3:1 EtOAc/EtOH) in heptane) gave 6-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-7-(2-fluoro-6- hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.04 (1 H, s) 7.26 - 7.33 (1 H, m) 6.82 (1 H, d, J = 8.29 Hz) 6.71 (1 H, t, J = 8.91 Hz) 6.51 (1 H, dd, J = 16.79, 10.57 Hz) 6.30 (1 H, dd, J = 16.79, 1.45 Hz) 5.72 (1 H, dd, J = 10.47, 1.55 Hz) 4.15 (2 H, br d, J = 6.43 Hz) 3.69 - 3.90 (8 H, m) 1.14 - 1.27 (4 H, m) 0.73 - 0.88 (1 H, m). m/z (ESI) M+H: 483.8.
Separated Compound Examples
Figure imgf000235_0001
Figure imgf000236_0001
Figure imgf000237_0001
Figure imgf000238_0001
Table 12: Analytical Data for General Procedures
Figure imgf000238_0002
Figure imgf000239_0001
Figure imgf000240_0001
Figure imgf000241_0001
Figure imgf000242_0001
Figure imgf000243_0001
Figure imgf000244_0001
Figure imgf000245_0001
Figure imgf000246_0001
Figure imgf000247_0001
Figure imgf000248_0001
Figure imgf000249_0001
Figure imgf000250_0001
Figure imgf000251_0001
Figure imgf000252_0001
Figure imgf000253_0001
Figure imgf000254_0001
Figure imgf000255_0001
Figure imgf000256_0001
Figure imgf000257_0001
Figure imgf000258_0001
Figure imgf000259_0001
Figure imgf000260_0001
Table 13: Analytical Data for Individual Examples
Figure imgf000260_0002
Figure imgf000261_0001
Figure imgf000262_0001
Figure imgf000263_0001
Figure imgf000264_0001
Figure imgf000265_0001
Biological assay data
[0338] Coupled Nucleotide Exchange Assay: Purified GDP-bound KRAS protein (aa 1- 169), containing both G12C and C118A amino acid substitutions and an N-terminal His-tag, was pre-incubated with a compound dose-response titration for 2 hours in assay buffer (25 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 10 mM MgCl2, and 0.01% Triton X-100). Following compound pre- incubation, purified SOS protein (aa 564-1049) and GTP (Roche 10106399001) were added to the assay wells and incubated for an additional hour. To determine the extent of inhibition of SOS-mediated nucleotide exchange, purified GST-tagged cRAF (aa 1-149), nickel chelate AlphaLISA acceptor beads (PerkinElmer AL108R), and AlphaScreen glutathione donor beads (PerkinElmer 6765302) were added to the assay wells and incubated for 10 minutes. The assay plates were then read on a PerkinElmer EnVision Multilabel Reader, using AlphaScreen® technology, and data were analyzed using a 4-parameter logistic model to calculate IC50 values.
[0339] Phospho-ERK1/2 MSD Assay: MIA PaCa-2 (ATCC® CRL-1420™) and A549 (ATCC® CCL-185™) cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 Medium (ThermoFisher Scientific 11875093) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (ThermoFisher Scientific 16000044) and 1x penicillin-streptomycin-glutamine (ThermoFisher Scientific 10378016). Sixteen hours prior to compound treatment, MIA PaCa-2 or A549 cells were seeded in 96-well cell culture plates at a density of 25,000 cells/well and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2. A compound dose-response titration was diluted in growth media, added to appropriate wells of a cell culture plate, and then incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 4 hours. Following compound treatment, cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL EGF (Roche 11376454001) for 10 min, washed with ice-cold Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline, no Ca2+ or Mg2+ (ThermoFisher Scientific 14190144), and then lysed in RIPA buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 1% Igepal, 0.5% sodium
deoxycholate, 150 mM NaCl, and 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate) containing protease inhibitors (Roche 4693132001) and phosphatase inhibitors (Roche 4906837001). Cell lysates were stored frozen at–80°C overnight. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in compound-treated lysates was assayed using Phospho-ERK1/2 Whole Cell Lysate kits (Meso Scale Discovery K151DWD) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Assay plates were read on a Meso Scale Discovery Sector Imager 6000, and data were analyzed using a 4-parameter logistic model to calculate IC50 values.
Table 15: Biochemical and cellular activity of compounds Ex.# Coupled p-ERK IC50 p-ERK IC50 xhn MIA P -2 A4 M
Figure imgf000267_0001
Ex.# Coupled p-ERK IC50 p-ERK IC50 xhn MIA P -2 A4 M
Figure imgf000268_0001
Ex.# Coupled p-ERK IC50 p-ERK IC50 xhn MIA P -2 A4 M
Figure imgf000269_0001
Ex.# Coupled p-ERK IC50 p-ERK IC50
xhn MIA P -2 A4 M
Figure imgf000270_0001
[0340] Te presentnventons escr e n connecton wt preerre emodiments. However, it should be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. It is understood that, given the description of the embodiments of the invention herein, various modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art. Such modifications are encompassed by the claims below.

Claims

What is Claimed:
1. A compound having a structure of formula (I)
Figure imgf000271_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2- 3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C 1-3alkyl, C1 -2haloalkyl, C 1-3alkoxy, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2- 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
4 is
Figure imgf000271_0002
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6alkynyl C, 1 -6 alkylene-0-C1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH C,1 -6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14 aryl, or selected from R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1 -6 alkyl, C2-6alkynyl C, 1 -6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)O C1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene- C(0)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- i4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and
R7 is H or C1-6 alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. A compound having a structure of formula (I)
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, NH-C1-6alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0- 3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1- 6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7- membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-2haloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-14 cycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2- 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000273_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, -salky Cl, 1 C2-salkynyl, -6 alkylen Ce-1O-C1- 4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene- C(0)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- i4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and
R7 is H or C1-6 alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
3. A compound havin a structure of formula (II)
Figure imgf000273_0002
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
J is N, NR10, or CR10;
M is N, NR13, or CR13;
— is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6 alkyl, -4h Cal1oalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0- 3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1- 6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C 1-3alkyl, C1 -2haloalkyl, C 1-3alkoxy, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
, or
Figure imgf000274_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1-6 alkyl, C2-8alkynyl C, 1 -6 alkylene-0-C1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, C1-6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14 aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000274_0002
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, C1 -6 alkyl, C2-6alkynyl C, 1 -6 alkylene-O-C1- 4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3 alkylene- C(0)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- i4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14 aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1-6 alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=0, C=S, or C=NR8; R8 and R9 are each independently H, C 1-3alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3-6 cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring;
R10 is C1-6 alkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or
Figure imgf000275_0001
and
R13 is C1-6 alkyl, Ch1-6aloalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, or C3-14 cycloalkyl; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
with the proviso that
(1) when J is NR10, M is N or CR13;
(2) when M is NR13, J is N or CR10;
(3) when J is CR10, M is N or NR13; and
(4) when M is CR13, J is N or NR10.
4. A compound havin a structure of formula (II)
Figure imgf000275_0002
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
J is N, NR10, or CR10;
M is N, NR13, or CR13;
— is a single or double bond as necessary to give every atom its normal valence;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1 -4alkyl, C1 -4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0- 3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1- 6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring; R3 is halo, C 1-3alkyl, - C2h1aloalkyl, C 1-3alkoxy, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2- 3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000276_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6 alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, -6 alky Cl, 1 C2-6alkynyl, -6 alkylen Ce-1O-C1- 4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene- C(0)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- i4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14 aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1-6 alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=0, C=S, or C=NR8;
R8 and R9 are each independently H, C 1-3alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3-6 cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring;
R10 is C1-6 alkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14 aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or -6 a Clk1ylene-amine; and
R13 is C1-6 alkyl, Ch1-6aloalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, or C3-14 cycloalkyl; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
with the proviso that
(1) when J is NR10, M is N or CR13;
(2) when M is NR13, J is N or CR10; (3) when J is CR10, M is N or NR1 ; and
(4) when M is CR13, J is N or NR10.
5. The compound of claim 3 or 4, wherein when Q is C=0; and E1 and E2 are each CR1; then either
(1) R10 is C1-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C-31 alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- 8cycloalkyl, C1-3 alkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, or halo; or
(2) R13 is C-13 haloalkyl or C3-5cycloalkyl.
6. The compound of claim 3 or 4, wherein J is NR10 and M is CR13.
7. The compound of claim 3 or 4, wherein J is CR10 and M is NR13.
8. The compound of claim 3 or 4, wherein J is N and M is NR13.
9. The compound of claim 3 or 4, wherein J is NR10 and M is N.
10. A compound having a structure of formula (III) or (ΙΙΓ):
Figure imgf000277_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1- 6alkyl, d-4haloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-Ci-4alkyl, N(Ci-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1- 3alkyl, C1- 2haloalkyl, C1- 3alkoxy, C3-4cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
R is
Figure imgf000278_0001
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1-6 alkyl, C2-salkynyl, C1 -6 alkylene-0-C1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, C1 -6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000278_0002
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, alkylenCe-1O-6 -C1- 4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene- C(0)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- 14cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2- wheteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1- 8alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=0, C=S, or C=NR8;
R8 and R9 are each independently H, Ci-6 alkyl, hydroxy, Ci-6 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C3-14cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring;
R10 is C1-6 alkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C3-14cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14Cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2
14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C2-14 heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or -6 a Clk1ylene-amine; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
11. A compound having a structure of formula (III) or (ΙΙΓ):
Figure imgf000279_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently N or CR1;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6 alkyl, -4h Cal1oalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, NH-C1-4alkyl, N(C1-4alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0- 3alkylene-C6-14aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1- 6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C 1-3alkyl, - C2h1aloalkyl, C 1-3alkoxy, C3-4cycloalkyl,
C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000279_0002
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, alkylenCe-1O-6 -C1- 4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, -6 a Clk1yleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene- C(0)C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3- 4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C 4heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene 4aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2- i4heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or -salkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
Q is CR8R9, C=CR8R9, C=0, C=S, or C=NR8;
R8 and R9 are each independently H, -6 alkyl, hydroxy, -6 alkoxy, cyano, nitro, or C 4cycloalkyl, or R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, can form a 3-6 membered ring;
R10 is C-s1alkyl, C0-3 alkylene 4aryl, C0-3 alkylene 4heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C 4cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2 4heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene 4aryl, 0-C0-3alkylene -14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C 4cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 4heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene 4aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene -14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C 4cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 4heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or
Figure imgf000280_0001
or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
12. The compound of claim 10 or 1 1 , having a structure of formula (III).
13. The compound of claim 10 or 11 , having a structure of formula (ΠΓ).
14. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein Q is C=0.
15. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein Q is C=S.
16. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein Q is C=NR8.
17. The compound of claim 16, wherein R8 is C1-2alkyl.
18. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein Q is CR8R9.
19. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein Q is C=CR8R9.
20. The compound of claim 18 or 19, wherein R8 and R9, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a 3-4 membered ring.
21. The compound of claim 18 or 19, wherein R8 is -2alky Cl,1 and R9 is H. A compound having a structure of formula (IV) or (IV):
Figure imgf000281_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, hCal1o-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxy, ΝΗ-C1-ealkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14Cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C 4heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C6 4aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C 4cycloalkyl, C 4heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3- 7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C-21haloalkyl, C 1
Figure imgf000281_0002
-3a C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000281_0003
R7
R4' .
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1-6 alkyl, C2-salkynyl, -6 a Clk1ylene-0-C1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, C1 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C6 4aryl, or selected from
Figure imgf000282_0001
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, -6 alky Cl,1 C2-6alkynyl, -6 alkylen Ce-1O-C1- 4alkyl, C-16 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene-C(0)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1-6 alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R8 is H, C-31 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1-3alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, C3-14 cycloalkyl, or NRnR12;
R11 and R12 are each independently H, -salky Cl, 1 or C3-14 cycloalkyl; and
R10 is C1-8alkyl, C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, C0-3alkylene-C3- i4cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, 0-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, O-C0- 3alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C2- wheterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2-14heteroaryl, N-C0-3alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, N-C0-3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C1-6 alkylene-amine; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
23. A compound having a structure of formula (IV) or (IV):
Figure imgf000282_0002
(IV)
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, hCal1o-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxy, ΝΗ-C1-ealkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo; R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14Cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C6-14aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3- 7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C-21haloalkyl, C 1-3alkoxy, C3-14 cycloalkyl, C2-3 alkenyl, C2-3 alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-salkylene, -S-C0-salkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, alkylenCe1--O6 -C1- 4alkyl, C-16 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene-C(0)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C s1alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R8 is H, C-31alkyl, hydroxy,
Figure imgf000283_0002
halo, cyano, nitro, C3-14 cycloalkyl, or NRnR12 ;
R11 and R12 are each independently H, -salky Cl, 1 or C3-i5cycloalkyl; and
R10 is C s1alkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C3-14cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3 alkylene- C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2-14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C 4cycloalkyl, NH-C0 alkylene-C 4heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C-61alkylene-amine; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
24. The compound of claim 22 or 23, having a structure of formula (IV).
25. The compound of claim 22 or 23, having a structure of formula (IV).
26. The compound of any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein E1 and E2 are each CR1, and R8 is hydroxy, halo, nitro, or C3-6 cycloalkyl.
27. The compound of any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein R8 is methyl.
28. A compound having a structure of formula (V):
Figure imgf000284_0001
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, hCal1o-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxy, ΝΗ-C1-ealkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14Cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C 4heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C6 4aryl, or C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C 4cycloalkyl, C 4heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3- 7-membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1-6 alkyl, - C6 h1aloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-14 cycloalkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2- 6alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000284_0002
ring A is a monocyclic 4-7 membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro 6-11 membered ring; L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5 alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -0-C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5 alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R4' is H, C1-6 alkyl, C2-8alkynyl, -6 al Cky1 lene-0-C1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-OH, C1-6 haloalkyl, cycloalklyl, heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14
Figure imgf000285_0001
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, -6 alky Cl,1 C2-6alkynyl, -6 alkylen Ce-1O-C1- 4alkyl, C-16 alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, C1-6 alkyleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C(0)OH, C0-3 alkylene-C(0)OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene-C(0)C1- 4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14 heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring;
R7 is H or C1-6 alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 4-6 membered ring; and
R10 is C1-6 alkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C3-14 cycloalkyl, C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, O- C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2- wheterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2 i4heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or C-61alkylene-amine; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
29. A compound havin a structure of formula (V):
Figure imgf000285_0002
wherein
E1 and E2 are each independently CR1 or N;
R1 is independently H, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl, hCal1o-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxy, ΝΗ-C1-ealkyl, N(C1-6alkyl)2, cyano, or halo;
R2 is halo, C1-6alkyl, C1-6haloalkyl, OR', N(R')2, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, C0- 3alkylene-C3-14Cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C 4heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3alkylene- C6 4aryl, or C0-3alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, and each R' is independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1- 6haloalkyl, C 4cycloalkyl, C 4heterocycloalkyl, C2-3alkenyl, C2-3alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or two R' substituents, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a -membered ring;
R3 is halo, C1-6alkyl, -6 Ch1aloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-salkenyl, C2- 8alkynyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
Figure imgf000286_0001
ring A is a monocyclic membered ring or a bicyclic, bridged, fused, or spiro membered ring;
L is a bond, C1-6alkylene, -O-C0-5alkylene, -S-C0-5alkylene, or -NH-C0-5alkylene, and for C2-6alkylene, -C2-5alkylene, -S-C2-5alkylene, and NH-C2-5alkylene, one carbon atom of the alkylene group can optionally be replaced with O, S, or NH;
R5 and R6 are each independently H, halo, -6alkyl, C2-6alkynyl, alkyleneC-O1-6-C1- 4alkyl, C1-6alkylene-OH, Ch1-a6loalkyl, -6a Clk1yleneamine, C0-6 alkylene-amide, C0- 3alkylene-C )OH, C0-3alkylene-C )OC1-4alkyl, C1-6 alkylene-O-aryl, C0-3alkylene- C )C1-4alkylene-OH, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C0-3alkylene-C3-4cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C 4heterocycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C6 4aryl, C0-3alkylene-C2- i4heteroaryl, or cyano, or R5 and R6, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a membered ring;
R7 is H or C1-6alkyl, or R7 and R5, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a membered ring; and
R10 is C1-6alkyl, C0-3alkylene-C6 4aryl, C0-3alkylene-C3 4heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene- C 4cycloalkyl, C0-3alkylene-C2 4heterocycloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, O-C0-3 alkylene-C6 4aryl, -C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C 4cycloalkyl, O-C0-3 alkylene-C2-4heterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C6 4aryl, NH-C0- 3alkylene-C2-14heteiOaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, NH-C0-3 alkylene-C2- 14heterocycloalkyl, halo, cyano, or -6 a Clk1ylene-amine; or
a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
30. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein each of E1 and E2 is CR1.
31. The compound of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 to 29 wherein E1 is CR1 and E2 is N.
32. The compound of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 to 29, wherein E1 is N and E2 is CR1.
33. The compound of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 to 29, wherein each of E1 and
E2 is N.
34. The compound of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 to 33, wherein R10 is C1- 6alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-14cycloalkyl, C2-15heterocycloalkyl, C1-4alkoxy, 0-C0-3alkylene-C6- 14aryl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C2-14heteroaryl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, 0-C0-3alkylene-C2- wheterocycloalkyl, NH-C1-salkyl, N(C1-8alkyl)2, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14 aryl, NH-C0-3alkylene- C2-14heteroaryl, NH-C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl, or NH-C0-3alkylene-C2-i4heterocycloalkyl.
35. The compound of claim 28 or 29, wherein E1 and E2 are each CR1, and R10 is C1 -3 alkylene-C6-14aryl, -3 Cal1kylene-C2-14heteroaryl, C0-3 alkylene-C3-14 cycloalkyl, - C1 3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl, or halo.
36. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 33, wherein R10 is
C1-ealkyl.
37. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 33, wherein R10 is
C0-3alkylene-C6-14aryl.
38. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 34, wherein R10 is
C0-3alkylene-C3-14heteroaryl.
39. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 35, wherein R10 is
C0-3alkylene-C3-14cycloalkyl.
40. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 24, 26, 27, and 30 to 33, wherein R10 is C0-3alkylene-C2-14heterocycloalkyl.
41. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 33, wherein R10 is C0-6alkylene- amine.
42. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 33, wherein R10 is selected from the group consisting of /-Pr. t-Bu, phenyl, benzyl, OCH3, CI, cyclopropyl, cy clobutyl,
Figure imgf000288_0001
Figure imgf000289_0001
43. The compound of any one of claims 3 to 33, wherein R10 comprises ortho- substituted aryl, ortho-substituted heteroaryl, or 2-substituted cyclohexyl.
The compound of claim 43, wherein R10 is selected from the group consistin
Figure imgf000289_0002
45. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein R1 is H.
46. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 44. wherein R1 is F.
47. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein R1 is methyl.
48. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein R2 is aryl.
49. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein R2 is heteroaryl.
50. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein R2 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indazolyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, indolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, cinnolinyl, imidazopyridyl, pyrazolopyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinazolinonyl, indolinonyl, isoindolinonyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl.
51. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein R2 is selected from the
Figure imgf000290_0001
Figure imgf000291_0001
Figure imgf000292_0001
52. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein R2 is selected from the
Figure imgf000292_0002
53. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 52, wherein R3 is halo.
54. The compound of claim 53, wherein R3 is CI.
55. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 52, wherein R3 is C1 -2alkyl.
56. The compound of claim 55, wherein R3 is methyl.
57. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 52, wherein R3 is C1-2haloalkyl.
58. The compound of claim 57, wherein R3 is CF3. of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein R4 is
Figure imgf000293_0001
60. The compound of claim 59, wherein ring A is
Figure imgf000293_0002
61. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein R4 is
Figure imgf000293_0003
The compound of claim 61, wherein ring A is selected from the group
Figure imgf000293_0004
63. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein R4 is
Figure imgf000294_0001
64. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein R4 is
Figure imgf000294_0002
65. The compound of claim 64, wherein ring A is selected from the group
Figure imgf000294_0003
consisting of OH
Figure imgf000294_0004
The compound of any one of claims 59 to 65, wherein
Figure imgf000294_0005
Figure imgf000295_0001
Figure imgf000296_0001
Figure imgf000297_0001
67. The compound of any one of claims 59 to 66, wherein L is a bond.
68. The compound of any one of claims 59 to 66, wherein L is
C1-2alkylene.
69. The compound of claim 59, 60, 62, 63, or 66, wherein L is O.
70. The compound of claim 59, 60, 62, 63, or 66, wherein L is S.
71. The compound of claim 59, 61, 64, 65, or 66, wherein L is NH.
72. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 59, 61, 63, 64 and 66. wherein ring A comprises piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl. or azetidinyl.
73. The compound of claim 72, wherein ring A comprises piperidinyl.
74. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 59, 61, 63, 64 and 65, wherein R5 is H or halo.
75. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 59, 61, 63, 64 and 65, wherein R5 is H, Br, CI, F, CN, CH3, CF3, CH2Br, CH2OH, CH2CH2OH, CH2OCH2phenyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, CH2phenyl, CH2OCH3, CH2N(CH3)2, CH2N(C CH2CO2H, CH2CO2CH3,
CH2NHC(0)CH3, CH2C(0)NHCH3, CH2OC(0)CH3, or
Figure imgf000298_0001
76. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 65 and 67 to 75, wherein R6 is H, Ci-3alkyl, C-13alkylene-0-C1-2alkyl, 3 Cal1kylene-OH, -3ha Clo1alkyl, -3alky Cle1ne-amine, C0-3alkylene-amide, C0-ialkylene C(0)OC1-3alkyl, C0-ialkylene-C2-7heterocycloalkyl, C0-ialkylene-C3-8cycloalkyl, or C0-3alkylene-C6 4aryl.
77. The compound of claim 76, wherein R6 is -3alk Cyl1ene-amine or -3 C1 alkylene-amide and is selected from the group consisting of CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(0)NHCH3, C(0)N(CH3)2, CH2C(0)NHphenyl, CH2NHC(0)CH3, CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C02CH3,CH2NHCH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OCH3,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(0)N(CH3)2, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(0)NHCH3, CH2NMe2,
CH2NH(CH3)CH +(CH3)3, CH2NHCH2CHF2,
Figure imgf000298_0002
Figure imgf000299_0001
78. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 65 and 67 to 75, wherein R6 is phenyl, cyclopropyl, CH3, CF3, CH2CH3, CH2NH2, CH(CH3)NH2, CH(CH3)2NH2, CH2CI, CH2Br, CH2OCH3, CH2Ophenyl, CH2OH, CO2H, CO2CH2CH3, CH2CO2H, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2OH, CH2CH2N(CH3)2, CH2NHCH3, C(0)NHCH3, C(0)N(CH3)2,
CH2C(0)NHphenyl, CH2CHF2, CH2F, CHF2, CH2NHC(0)CH3, CH2NHCH2CH2OH, CH2NHCH2CO2H, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C02CH3,CH2NHCH2CH2OCH3,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OCH3, CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(0)N(CH3)2,
CH2NH(CH3)CH2C(0)NHCH3, CH2CH2CCH, CH2NMe2, CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2OH,
+(CH3)3, CH2NHCH2CHF2, CH2NHCH2CH3,
Figure imgf000299_0002
Figure imgf000300_0001
79. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 65 and 67 to 73, wherein R5 and R6
5 .
Figure imgf000300_0002
80. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 65 and 67 to 73, wherein each of R5 and R6 is H.
81. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58 and 63 to 80, wherein R7 is H.
82. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58 and 63 to 80, wherein R7 is methyl.
83. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58, 63 to 65, 67-73 and 76 to 78. wherein R7 and R5 together are -CH2- or -C(0)CH2-.
84. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein R4 is selected from the
group consisting of
Figure imgf000300_0003
Figure imgf000300_0004
Figure imgf000301_0001
Figure imgf000302_0001
85. A compound as recited in Table 1.
86. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 85 in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
87. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compound of any one of claims 1 to 86 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
88. A method of inhibiting KRAS G12C in a cell, comprising contacting the cell with the compound of any one of claims 1 to 86 or the composition of claim 87.
89. A method of treating cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of any one of claims 1 to 86 or the composition of claim 87.
90. The method of claim 89, wherein the cancer is lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, or colorectal cancer.
91. A compound having a structure selected from:
Figure imgf000302_0002
Figure imgf000303_0001
92. The compounds of claim 91 in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
93. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compounds of claim 91 or 92 a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
PCT/US2017/067801 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same Ceased WO2018119183A2 (en)

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ES17832646T ES2894255T3 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzoisothiazole derivatives, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as KRAS G12C inhibitors to treat lung cancer pancreatic or colorectal
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CR20190338A CR20190338A (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 KRAS G12C INHIBITORS AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE
RS20211294A RS62456B1 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as kras g12c inhibitors for treating lung, pancreatic or colorectal cancer
NZ754994A NZ754994A (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as kras g12c inhibitors for treating lung, pancreatic or colorectal cancer
AU2017379074A AU2017379074C9 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as KRAS G12C inhibitors for treating lung, pancreatic or colorectal cancer
KR1020197020877A KR102592246B1 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-B]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-D]pyridazine and Pyrido[2,3-D]pyrimidine derivatives
MX2019007643A MX387210B (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 BENZISOTHIAZOLE, ISOTHIAZOLO[3,4-B]PYRIDINE, QUINAZOLINE, PHTHALAZINE, PYRIDO[2,3-D]PYRIDAZINE AND PYRIDO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS KRAS G12C INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LUNG, PANCREATIC OR COLORECTAL CANCER.
CA3048217A CA3048217A1 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same
MA47107A MA47107B1 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo [3,4-b] pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido [2,3-d] pyridazine and pyrido [2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of kras g12c for the treatment of cancer lung, pancreas or intestine
JOP/2019/0154A JOP20190154B1 (en) 2016-12-22 2017-12-21 Benzisothiazoles, isothiazolo[3,4-B]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyridine[2,3-D]pyridazine and pyridine derivatives [2,3-D]pyrimidine as KRAS G12C inhibitors for the treatment of lung, or pancreatic cancer or colorectal cancer
IL267495A IL267495B (en) 2016-12-22 2019-06-19 Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same
CONC2019/0006598A CO2019006598A2 (en) 2016-12-22 2019-06-20 Benzoisothiazole, isothiazolo [3,4-b] pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido [2,3-d] pyridazine and derivatives of pyrido [2,3- d] pyrimidine as inhibitors of kras g12c to treat lung cancer, pancreatic or colorectal
ZA2019/04548A ZA201904548B (en) 2016-12-22 2019-07-11 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as kras g12c inhibitors for treating lung, pancreatic or colorectal cancer
PH12019501670A PH12019501670A1 (en) 2016-12-22 2019-07-18 Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same
IL287223A IL287223B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2021-10-13 Kras g12c inhibitors and methods of using the same
CY20211100937T CY1125262T1 (en) 2016-12-22 2021-11-02 BENZISOTHIAZOLE, ISOTHIAZOLE[3,4-B] PYRIDINE, QUINOZOLINE, PHTHALAZINE, PYRIDO[2,3-D] PYRIDAZINE, AND PYRIDO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS KRAS G12C INHIBITORS FOR LUNG CANCER INDUCTION, P COLON CANCER OR ORTHOCOLICAL CANCER
AU2022204026A AU2022204026B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2022-06-09 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as KRAS G12C inhibitors for treating lung, pancreatic or colorectal cancer
AU2024219455A AU2024219455A1 (en) 2016-12-22 2024-09-06 Benzisothiazole, isothiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, quinazoline, phthalazine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazine and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as KRAS G12C inhibitors for treating lung, pancreatic or colorectal cancer
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