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WO2018088074A1 - Feuille rétroréfléchissante - Google Patents

Feuille rétroréfléchissante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018088074A1
WO2018088074A1 PCT/JP2017/036171 JP2017036171W WO2018088074A1 WO 2018088074 A1 WO2018088074 A1 WO 2018088074A1 JP 2017036171 W JP2017036171 W JP 2017036171W WO 2018088074 A1 WO2018088074 A1 WO 2018088074A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retroreflective
parallel
sheet
valley lines
view
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2017/036171
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
圭司 雨宮
卓馬 北條
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc
Original Assignee
Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017134119A external-priority patent/JP2018084793A/ja
Application filed by Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc filed Critical Nippon Carbide Industries Co Inc
Publication of WO2018088074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018088074A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
    • G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a retroreflective sheet.
  • the retroreflective sheet has the property of reflecting incident light to the light source side. Since the retroreflective sheet has such properties, it is used for the purpose of making it easy to see an object such as a printed material when it is irradiated with light at night or in a dark place.
  • the retroreflective sheet is used for, for example, traffic signs, guide signs, vehicle license plates, advertisement signs, lane separators, line-of-sight guides, and the like.
  • the retroreflective sheet may be used in a 3D image projection system in combination with a projector or a half mirror.
  • a three-dimensional image projection system the image projected from the projector is irradiated to the half mirror, where it is specularly reflected, and then is applied to the retroreflective sheet, where it is retroreflected, and the image irradiated to the half mirror is reflected there again. Transparently, a three-dimensional image is displayed.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a retroreflective sheet having a large number of cube corner elements and a main body layer that supports the cube corner elements. In this retroreflective sheet, incident light can be reflected to the light source side by a large number of cube corner elements.
  • the retroreflective element that reflects incident light to the light source side is made small, so that the sheet thickness can be reduced or the resolution can be improved when used in the above three-dimensional image projection system.
  • the conventional retroreflective sheet when the retroreflective element is made small, the light emitted when used for a sign or the like may be dispersed to generate iridescent light.
  • the visibility of the object may be reduced when rainbow-colored light is generated as described above.
  • the retroreflective sheet if the retroreflective element is too small, the resolution may be lowered when used in a three-dimensional image projection system.
  • the present invention is intended to provide a retroreflective sheet that can suppress the generation of rainbow light and the reduction in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system.
  • a retroreflective sheet of the present invention includes a sheet-like support part and a plurality of retroreflective elements formed on one surface of the support part, and each of the retroreflective elements.
  • the element has three reflection side surfaces sharing one vertex, and the ridge line extending from the vertex is shared by the reflection side surfaces adjacent to each other, and is formed between the retroreflection elements adjacent to each other in plan view.
  • a plurality of retroreflective elements are formed such that the size of the element area is random, when an area of a portion surrounded by a valley line or an extension line of the valley line is defined as an element area. To do.
  • each of the plurality of retroreflective elements functions like a diffraction grating, and the light that is retroreflected by each retroreflective element is diffracted, and interference fringes caused by interference of these diffracted lights are the cause. Conceivable. Therefore, in the retroreflective sheet of the present invention, by forming a plurality of retroreflective elements so that the size of the element area is random as described above, each retroreflective element that is retroreflected by each retroreflective element. The spread of the diffracted light can be made random. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the diffracted lights to interfere with each other, the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and the generation of iridescent light and the reduction in resolution as described above can be suppressed.
  • the plurality of valley lines are parallel to each other, and the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of valley lines parallel to each other is 3 ⁇ m or more.
  • parallel means that the difference between the inclinations of the two lines and the surface is 10 minutes or less.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines is 3 ⁇ m or more, that is, the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines is random
  • the position where the plurality of retroreflective elements are formed is Random.
  • the generation position of diffracted light generated by retroreflection by a plurality of retroreflection elements is random. Therefore, it becomes difficult for diffracted light to interfere with each other, generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and generation of iridescent light and a decrease in resolution can be more easily suppressed.
  • the valley lines included in the different sets are non-parallel to each other, and the sum of the standard deviations of the pitches of the plurality of valley lines for each set Is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more.
  • the pitches of the plurality of valley lines in a plurality of directions are random, the positions where the plurality of retroreflective elements are formed are more easily randomized, and are thus retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements. It becomes easy to make the generation position of the diffracted light more random. Therefore, it becomes difficult for diffracted light to interfere with each other, generation of interference fringes can be further suppressed, and generation of rainbow-colored light and a decrease in resolution can be more easily suppressed.
  • the plurality of valley lines are parallel to each other, and the standard deviation of the positions of the plurality of valley lines parallel to each other in the sheet thickness direction is 3 ⁇ m or more.
  • the plurality of sets of the plurality of valley lines parallel to each other, the valley lines included in the different sets are non-parallel to each other, the position of the plurality of valley lines for each set in the sheet thickness direction
  • the sum of standard deviations is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more.
  • a retroreflective sheet that can suppress generation of iridescent light and a decrease in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V1a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the V1b direction shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V2a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V2b shown in FIG.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V3a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V3b shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V4a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V4b shown in FIG.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 5th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V5a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V5b shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 6th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V6a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V6b shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 7th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V7a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V7b shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 8th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V8a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V8b shown in FIG.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 9th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V9a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V9b shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of retroreflection sheet concerning 10th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the retroreflection sheet shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V10a shown in FIG. It is a side view of the retroreflection sheet seen from the direction of V10b shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V1a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V1b shown in FIG.
  • the size of each component may be exaggerated for easy understanding.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 and other figures shown below for the sake of clarity, the same reference numerals are given to some of the same components, and some of the reference numerals may be omitted. is there.
  • the retroreflective sheet 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a sheet-like support 20 and a plurality of retroreflective elements 22 formed on one surface of the support 20.
  • the retroreflective element 22 is not particularly limited as long as it has a reflective surface suitable for retroreflecting incident light.
  • the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment mainly includes a substantially triangular pyramidal retroreflective element 22.
  • valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z are formed between the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other.
  • the valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z are lines along the bottom of the groove formed between the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other.
  • the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 have an element area in a predetermined region. Is formed so that the size of the is random. For ease of understanding, in FIG. 1, one portion of the portions surrounded by the valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z or the extended lines of the valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z is hatched.
  • Each retroreflective element 22 of the present embodiment has three reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c sharing one vertex 24.
  • the three reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c are perpendicular to each other. Therefore, in one retroreflective element 22, the reflective side surface 22a and the reflective side surface 22b are perpendicular to each other, the reflective side surface 22b and the reflective side surface 22c are perpendicular to each other, and the reflective side surface 22c and the reflective side surface 22a are perpendicular to each other. is there.
  • the adjacent retroreflective elements 22 have reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c that are parallel to each other. That is, of the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other, the reflective side surface 22a of one retroreflective element 22 and the reflective side surface 22a of the other retroreflective element 22 are parallel to each other. Similarly, of the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other, the reflective side surface 22b of one retroreflective element 22 and the reflective side surface 22b of the other retroreflective element 22 are parallel to each other, and the reflective side surface 22c of one retroreflective element 22 is.
  • the reflective side surface 22c of the other retroreflective element 22 are parallel to each other.
  • a plurality of other reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c are formed in parallel with each of the three reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c.
  • the vertex 24 may be a curved surface or a flat surface instead of a strict point.
  • the reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c adjacent to each other share a ridge line 26 extending from the vertex 24, and three ridge lines 26 are formed.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z and the position in the sheet thickness direction are randomized, so that at least some of the retroreflective elements 22 among the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 Is a cone having four or more reflective side surfaces when the ridge line 26 is bent or branched.
  • the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment among the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z surrounding one retroreflective element 22, a plurality of other valley lines 28x, 28x, 28y, 28z are parallel to the respective valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z. 28y and 28z are formed. In the predetermined region, the pitch in the plan view of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z formed in parallel is random. Since the retroreflective element 22 of this embodiment is mainly in the shape of a triangular pyramid, the retroreflective element 22 is surrounded by three valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z.
  • a plurality of other valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z extends in a direction parallel to any of the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction, the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28y parallel to the Y-axis direction, and the plurality of valley lines parallel to the Z-axis direction is random in plan view.
  • the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z is random in plan view as follows.
  • each of the valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z extending in different directions among the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z surrounding the single retroreflective element 22 as described above.
  • a plurality of other valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z parallel to are formed. That is, the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment includes a group having a plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction, a group having a plurality of valley lines 28y parallel to the Y-axis direction, and a group parallel to the Z-axis direction.
  • the valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z included in these three sets are not parallel to each other.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch in plan view of the plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction is ⁇ ix.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch in plan view of the plurality of valley lines 28y parallel to the Y-axis direction is ⁇ iy.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch in plan view of the plurality of valley lines 28z parallel to the Z-axis direction is ⁇ iz.
  • the sum ⁇ i of the standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ ii, and ⁇ iz of the pitches of the valleys included in each set is 3 ⁇ m or more. That is, the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment has a plurality of sets of a plurality of valley lines parallel to each other, valley lines included in different sets are non-parallel to each other, and a plurality of valley lines for each set
  • the sum of the standard deviations of the pitches is 3 ⁇ m or more.
  • the sum ⁇ i of the standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ ii, and ⁇ iz is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z formed in parallel in the predetermined region are random. That is, in the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment, the depth of the plurality of grooves parallel to the X-axis direction, the depth of the plurality of grooves parallel to the Y-axis direction, and the depth of the plurality of grooves parallel to the Z-axis direction. Each is random.
  • the position in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z formed in parallel is random as follows.
  • each of the valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z extending in different directions among the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z surrounding the single retroreflective element 22 as described above.
  • a plurality of other valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z parallel to are formed. That is, the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment includes a group having a plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction, a group having a plurality of valley lines 28y parallel to the Y-axis direction, and a group parallel to the Z-axis direction.
  • the valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z included in these three sets are not parallel to each other.
  • the standard deviation of the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction is ⁇ px.
  • the standard deviation of the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28y parallel to the Y-axis direction is ⁇ py.
  • the standard deviation of the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28z parallel to the Z-axis direction is ⁇ pz.
  • the sum ⁇ p of these standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, ⁇ pz is 3 ⁇ m or more. That is, the retroreflective sheet 1 of the present embodiment has a plurality of sets of a plurality of valley lines parallel to each other, valley lines included in different sets are non-parallel to each other, and a plurality of valley lines for each set
  • the sum of the standard deviations of the positions in the sheet thickness direction is 3 ⁇ m or more.
  • the sum ⁇ p of the standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, ⁇ pz is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the standard deviation of the positions of the valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z in the sheet thickness direction is obtained as follows. Measure the coordinates of the parallel valley lines on a plane perpendicular to the parallel valley lines, and use the approximate straight line obtained from these coordinates by the least-squares method as the reference line. Is the standard deviation of the position of the valley line in the sheet thickness direction.
  • the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other have reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c that are parallel to each other. Accordingly, a plurality of other reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c are formed in parallel to the three reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c, respectively.
  • the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c formed in parallel with each other is random.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 22a formed in parallel is ⁇ da
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 22b formed in parallel is ⁇ db
  • the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 22c formed in parallel The standard deviation ⁇ d of these standard deviations ⁇ da, ⁇ db, and ⁇ dc is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • FIG. 3 shows the pitch dc of the reflective side surfaces 22c formed in parallel to each other.
  • the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines cut in the cross section is the same. It is random.
  • the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 28x is random.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 28x is ⁇ lx
  • the thickness of the retroreflective sheet 1 that cuts the plurality of valley lines 28y In the longitudinal cross section, the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 28y is ⁇ ly, and the standard pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 28z in the cross section in the thickness direction of the retroreflective sheet 1 that cuts the plurality of valley lines 28z.
  • the deviation is ⁇ lz
  • the sum ⁇ l of these standard deviations ⁇ lx, ⁇ ly, ⁇ lz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • FIG. 3 corresponds to a cross section in the thickness direction of the retroreflective sheet 1 perpendicular to the valley line 28x, and shows a pitch lx of a plurality of parallel valley lines 28x.
  • the retroreflective sheet 1 described above has the property that light incident on the retroreflective element 22 can be reflected to the light source side.
  • the support 20 and the retroreflective element 22 are preferably made of a transparent resin.
  • a material which comprises the support body part 20 and the retroreflection element 22 for example, acrylic resin, urethane resin, fluorine resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, polyarylate resin, silicone resin Examples thereof include resins, polyolefin resins, ionomer resins, and the like. These resins may be used alone or in combination.
  • the support body part 20 and the retroreflective element 22 are made of an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a fluorine resin, a polycarbonate resin, or the like. Preferably it consists of.
  • the support 20 and the retroreflective element 22 have an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, a plasticizer, a cross-linking agent, an antioxidant, an antifungal agent, and coloring as long as the transparency is not significantly impaired.
  • Various additives such as an agent can be appropriately added.
  • each of the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 When light is retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements 22, each of the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 functions like a diffraction grating, and the light retroreflected by each retroreflective element 22 may be diffracted. . This phenomenon becomes significant when the element area of the retroreflective element 22 is reduced. However, in the retroreflective sheet 1, each of the retroreflective elements 22 is generated by being retroreflected by forming the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 so that the size of the element area is random as described above. The spread of the diffracted light can be made random. Therefore, the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and the generation of rainbow light as described above and the decrease in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system can be suppressed.
  • the position where the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 are formed becomes random because the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z formed in parallel in the predetermined region is random. .
  • the generation position of the diffracted light generated by retroreflection by the plurality of retroreflection elements 22 is random. Therefore, generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and generation of rainbow-colored light and a decrease in resolution can be more easily suppressed.
  • the positions of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z in the sheet thickness direction are made random, whereby the bottom surfaces of the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 are randomly inclined in the sheet thickness direction. For this reason, it becomes easy to make the magnitude
  • the optical path difference of light retroreflected by each retroreflective element 22 is obtained by making the pitch between the reflective side surfaces 22a, 22b and 22c parallel to each other included in the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other random. Can be changed randomly. As a result, it is easy to suppress the generation of interference fringes, and it is easy to suppress the generation of rainbow-colored light and the reduction in resolution as described above.
  • the pitches of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z that are parallel to each other in the cross section in the thickness direction are randomized as described above, so that each retroreflective element 22 recursively.
  • the optical path difference of the reflected light can be changed randomly. As a result, it is easy to suppress the generation of interference fringes, and it is easy to suppress the generation of rainbow-colored light and the reduction in resolution as described above.
  • the retroreflective sheet 1 even if the retroreflective element 22 is made small, generation of rainbow light due to diffracted light and reduction in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system are suppressed. Can do. Since the retroreflective element 22 can be made small, the retroreflective sheet 1 can be thinned, and the resolution of a three-dimensional image projection system using the retroreflective sheet 1 can be improved.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V2a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V2b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the retroreflective sheet 2 of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z formed in parallel is constant in plan view.
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z formed in parallel are random as in the first embodiment. That is, the sum ⁇ p of the standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, ⁇ pz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 are randomly inclined in the sheet thickness direction.
  • the sum ⁇ l of the standard deviations ⁇ lx, ⁇ ly, and ⁇ lz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V3a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V3b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the retroreflective sheet 3 of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the positions of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z formed in parallel in the sheet thickness direction are the same. That is, the depth of the groove formed between the retroreflective elements 22 adjacent to each other is the same.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, and 28z formed in parallel is random in a plan view, as in the first embodiment. That is, the sum ⁇ i of the standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ ii, and ⁇ iz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the positions where the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 are formed can be made random and are retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements 22.
  • the generation position of the generated diffracted light can be made random. Therefore, the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and the generation of rainbow light as described above and the decrease in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V4a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V4b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction are random.
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 28y, 28z parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions are the same.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ px is 3 ⁇ m or more, preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, and the standard deviations ⁇ py and ⁇ pz are each 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z in a plan view is constant. More specifically, the standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ iiy, and ⁇ iz are each 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 can be randomly tilted in the sheet thickness direction. Accordingly, the size of the element areas of the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 can be made random, and the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed. Therefore, the generation of rainbow light and the three-dimensional image projection system as described above It is possible to suppress a decrease in resolution when used in the above.
  • FIG. 17 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V5a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 20 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V5b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the pitch in the plan view of the plurality of valley lines 28x parallel to the X-axis direction is random.
  • the pitch in plan view of the plurality of valley lines 28y, 28z parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions is constant.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ ix is 3 ⁇ m or more and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, and the standard deviations ⁇ iy and ⁇ iz are each 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the positions of the plurality of valley lines 28x, 28y, 28z in the sheet thickness direction are the same. More specifically, the standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, and ⁇ pz are each 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the positions where the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 are formed can be made random, and therefore the generation position of the diffracted light generated by being retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements 22 can be determined. Random. Therefore, since generation
  • FIG. 21 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V6a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 24 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V6b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the shape of the retroreflective element 122 is a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the retroreflective element 122 has three rectangular side surfaces 122a, 122b, and 122c that share one vertex 24.
  • the three reflective side surfaces 122a, 122b, and 122c are orthogonal to each other to form a full cube corner shape.
  • valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z are formed between the retroreflective elements 122 adjacent to each other. Further, when the area of the portion surrounded by the valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z in the plan view is an element area, the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are formed so that the element area size is random in the predetermined region. Is done. For ease of understanding, in FIG. 21, one portion of the portions surrounded by the valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z is hatched.
  • the other plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y parallel to the respective valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z. , 128z are formed.
  • the pitch in the plan view of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z formed in parallel is random.
  • the retroreflective element 122 of this embodiment is a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped, when viewed from the vertex 24 corresponding to one corner of the cube or the rectangular parallelepiped, the retroreflective element 122 includes six valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z. Surrounded. However, two of the six valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z are parallel to each other. If the directions in which these six valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z extend are the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, respectively, a plurality of other valley lines 128x and 128y formed in the predetermined region.
  • 128z extend in a direction parallel to any of the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128x parallel to the X-axis direction, the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128y parallel to the Y-axis direction, and the plurality of valley lines parallel to the Z-axis direction is random in plan view.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch in the plan view of the plurality of valley lines 128x parallel to the X-axis direction is ⁇ ix
  • the pitch in the plan view of the plurality of valley lines 128y parallel to the Y-axis direction is
  • the standard deviation is ⁇ iy
  • the standard deviation of the pitch in plan view of the plurality of valleys 128z parallel to the Z-axis direction is ⁇ iz
  • the sum ⁇ i of these standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ ii, ⁇ iz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and 6 ⁇ m
  • the above is preferable.
  • the positions of the valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z formed in parallel in the predetermined region are random in the sheet thickness direction. That is, as in the first embodiment, the standard deviation of the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 128x parallel to the X-axis direction is ⁇ px, and the plurality of valley lines 128y parallel to the Y-axis direction in the sheet thickness direction.
  • the sum ⁇ p of these standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, ⁇ pz is 3 ⁇ m or more. And preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the retroreflective elements 122 adjacent to each other have reflective side surfaces 122a, 122b, 122c that are parallel to each other. Accordingly, a plurality of other reflective side surfaces 122a, 122b, 122c are formed in parallel to the three reflective side surfaces 122a, 122b, 122c, respectively.
  • the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 122a, 122b, 122c formed in parallel with each other is random.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 122a formed in parallel is ⁇ da
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 122b formed in parallel is ⁇ db
  • the pitch of the plurality of reflective side surfaces 122c formed in parallel When the standard deviation of ⁇ dc is ⁇ dc, the sum ⁇ d of these standard deviations ⁇ da, ⁇ db, and ⁇ dc is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • a plurality of valley lines 128x and 128y parallel to each other cut in the cross section in a thickness direction cross section that cuts any one of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z. , 128z pitch is random.
  • the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 128x is random.
  • the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 128x is ⁇ lx
  • the thickness of the retroreflective sheet 6 that cuts the plurality of valley lines 128y In the longitudinal section, the standard deviation of the pitch of the plurality of parallel valley lines 128y is ⁇ ly
  • the sum ⁇ l of these standard deviations ⁇ lx, ⁇ ly, and ⁇ lz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • a plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are formed so that the size of the element area is random. Therefore, similarly to the retroreflective element 22 of the retroreflective sheet 1, the spread of each diffracted light generated by retroreflecting by each retroreflective element 122 can be made random. Therefore, the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and the generation of rainbow light as described above and the decrease in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system can be suppressed.
  • the position where the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are formed becomes random because the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z formed in parallel in the predetermined region is random. Therefore, the generation position of the diffracted light that is retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 becomes random. Therefore, generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and generation of rainbow-colored light and a decrease in resolution can be more easily suppressed.
  • the positions of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z in the sheet thickness direction are made random, so that the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are randomly inclined in the sheet thickness direction. For this reason, it becomes easy to make the magnitude
  • the pitch of the reflection side surfaces 122a, 122b, 122c parallel to each other included in the retroreflective elements 122 adjacent to each other is randomized, so that the optical path difference of the light retroreflected by each retroreflective element 122 is reduced. Can be changed randomly. As a result, it is easy to suppress the generation of interference fringes, and it is easy to suppress the generation of rainbow-colored light and the reduction in resolution as described above.
  • the light retroreflected by each retroreflective element 122 is obtained by randomizing the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z that are parallel to each other in the cross section in the thickness direction.
  • the optical path difference can be changed randomly. As a result, it is easy to suppress the generation of interference fringes, and it is easy to suppress the generation of rainbow-colored light and the reduction in resolution as described above.
  • FIG. 25 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 27 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction V7a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 28 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V7b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the retroreflective sheet 7 of this embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z formed in parallel is constant in plan view.
  • the positions of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z formed in parallel in the sheet thickness direction are random, as in the sixth embodiment. That is, the sum ⁇ p of the standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, ⁇ pz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are randomly inclined in the sheet thickness direction.
  • the sum ⁇ l of the standard deviations ⁇ lx, ⁇ ly, and ⁇ lz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • FIG. 29 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 30 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 31 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V8a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 32 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V8b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the retroreflective sheet 8 of the present embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that the positions of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, and 128z formed in parallel in the sheet thickness direction are the same.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z formed in parallel is random in plan view, as in the sixth embodiment. That is, the sum ⁇ i of the standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ ii, and ⁇ iz is 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more.
  • the positions where the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are formed can be made random, and are retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements 122.
  • the generation position of the generated diffracted light can be made random. Therefore, the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, and the generation of rainbow light as described above and the decrease in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 33 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 34 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 35 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V9a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 36 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V9b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 128x parallel to the X-axis direction are random.
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines 128y and 128z parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions are the same.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ px is 3 ⁇ m or more, preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, and the standard deviations ⁇ py and ⁇ pz are each 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the pitch of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z in a plan view is constant. More specifically, the standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ iiy, and ⁇ iz are each 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • a plurality of retroreflective elements 122 can be randomly inclined in the sheet thickness direction. Therefore, since the element area size of the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 can be made random and the generation of interference fringes can be suppressed, the generation of rainbow-colored light and the three-dimensional image projection system as described above It is possible to suppress a decrease in resolution when used in the above.
  • FIG. 37 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the retroreflective sheet according to the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 38 is a perspective view of the retroreflective sheet shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 39 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V10a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 40 is a side view of the retroreflective sheet viewed from the direction of V10b shown in FIG.
  • the same referential mark is attached
  • the pitch in the plan view of the plurality of valley lines 128x parallel to the X-axis direction is random.
  • a plurality of valley lines 128y and 128z parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions have a constant pitch in plan view.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ ix is 3 ⁇ m or more and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, and the standard deviations ⁇ iy and ⁇ iz are each 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the positions of the plurality of valley lines 128x, 128y, 128z in the sheet thickness direction are the same. More specifically, the standard deviations ⁇ px, ⁇ py, and ⁇ pz are each 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the positions where the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 are formed can be made random, so the generation position of the diffracted light generated by being retroreflected by the plurality of retroreflective elements 122 can be determined. Random. Therefore, since generation
  • the retroreflective sheet has been described as an example of a single layer having a support portion and a retroreflective element.
  • the retroreflective sheet of the present invention may further include another layer.
  • other layers include a layer for protecting the surface of the retroreflective sheet, a layer for forming an air layer between the retroreflective elements, and a layer for attaching the retroreflective sheet to other members. It is done.
  • seat thickness direction of all the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction or the several trough line parallel only to an X-axis direction is random is given. explained. However, it is not limited to these forms, and the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines formed in parallel to at least one of the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are random. Is preferred.
  • the retroreflective sheets according to all the examples and comparative examples shown in Tables 1 to 3 below are a sheet-like support part and a plurality of substantially triangular pyramid-like retroreflections formed on one surface of the support part.
  • the device is provided.
  • Each retroreflective element has a maximum thickness of 100 ⁇ m and is formed so that the optical axis is perpendicular to the other surface of the support portion.
  • the other surface of the support may be referred to as the surface of the retroreflective sheet.
  • the average pitch of the valley lines was 212.1 ⁇ m.
  • the change range indicates the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the pitches of the plurality of valley lines parallel to the X-axis direction.
  • ⁇ ix is a standard deviation of the pitch in a plan view of a plurality of valley lines parallel to the X axis direction
  • ⁇ ii is a standard deviation of the pitch in a plan view of a plurality of valley lines parallel to the Y axis direction
  • ⁇ iz is a Z axis
  • ⁇ i is the sum of ⁇ ix, ⁇ iiy, and ⁇ iz.
  • the change range is 0 ⁇ m
  • the pitch in the plan view of valley lines parallel to the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction is constant.
  • the retroreflective sheets according to Examples 1 to 5 are designed so that the change range and the standard deviation ⁇ ix are as shown in Table 1. In consideration of variations in measurement results, in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 5, the standard deviation is set to 0.2 even when the valley line pitch is constant. Further, in the retroreflective sheets according to Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 5, the positions of the parallel valley lines in the sheet thickness direction are constant.
  • Example 1 to Example 5 in which the pitch of the valley lines was made random with respect to Comparative Example 1 diffracted light hardly interfered with each other, and the generation of interference fringes was suppressed.
  • the change range indicates the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the pitch of the valley lines parallel to the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
  • ⁇ ix, ⁇ ii, ⁇ iz, and ⁇ i are the same as those in Table 1.
  • the retroreflective sheets according to Examples 6 to 10 shown in Table 2 are designed such that the change ranges and standard deviations ⁇ ix, ⁇ iiy, and ⁇ iz are as shown in Table 2.
  • Example 6 to Example 10 in which the pitch of the valley line was made random with respect to Comparative Example 1 the diffracted light hardly interfered with each other, and the generation of interference fringes was suppressed.
  • the change range is a retroreflective sheet of a trough line formed at a position closest to the surface of the retroreflective sheet and a trough line formed at a position farthest from the surface of the retroreflective sheet among a plurality of trough lines. Is the difference in distance from the surface.
  • ⁇ px is a standard deviation of positions in the sheet thickness direction of a plurality of valley lines parallel to the X-axis direction
  • ⁇ py is a standard deviation of positions in the sheet thickness direction of a plurality of valley lines parallel to the Y-axis direction
  • ⁇ pz is The standard deviation of the positions in the sheet thickness direction of a plurality of valley lines parallel to the Z-axis direction
  • ⁇ p is the sum of ⁇ px, ⁇ py, and ⁇ pz.
  • the positions of the plurality of parallel valley lines in the sheet thickness direction are constant.
  • the position of the valley line parallel to the X-axis direction in the sheet thickness direction is random.
  • the range of change in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines parallel to the X-axis direction and the standard deviation ⁇ px are designed as shown in Table 3.
  • the standard deviation is set to 0.1 even when the position of the valley line in the sheet thickness direction is constant.
  • the positions in the sheet thickness direction of the plurality of valley lines parallel to the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are random.
  • the retroreflective sheet according to the example As described above, in the retroreflective sheet according to the example, interference between diffracted lights was suppressed, and generation of interference fringes was suppressed. In the above embodiment, the presence or absence of interference fringes due to light retroreflected by irradiating light from LED illumination was evaluated. Therefore, it is considered that the retroreflective sheet according to the above example is suitable for light from an LED backlight, a light source of an organic EL display, an LED light source for a projector, and the like. However, it is considered that the retroreflective sheet according to the above-described embodiment can similarly suppress the generation of interference fringes with respect to light from light sources other than LED lighting such as sunlight, halogen lamps and fluorescent lamps.
  • a retroreflective sheet capable of suppressing the generation of rainbow light and the reduction in resolution when used in a three-dimensional image projection system, and a sign or three-dimensional image projection. It can be used in the field of systems.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une feuille rétroréfléchissante pourvue d'un corps support en forme de feuille (20) et d'une pluralité d'éléments rétroréfléchissants (22) formés sur une surface du corps support (20). Chacun des éléments rétroréfléchissants (22) comprend trois surfaces latérales réfléchissantes (22a, 22b, 22c) qui partagent un seul sommet (24). Une ligne de crête (26) s'étendant à partir du sommet (24) est partagée par des surfaces latérales réfléchissantes adjacentes (22a, 22b, 22c). La pluralité d'éléments rétroréfléchissants (22) est formée de telle sorte que lorsque les zones de parties entourées par des lignes de vallée (28x, 28y, 28z) formées entre des éléments rétroréfléchissants (22) adjacents les uns aux autres dans une vue en plan ou par les lignes d'extension des lignes de vallée (28x, 28y, 28z) sont définies en tant que zones d'éléments, les tailles des zones d'éléments sont aléatoires.
PCT/JP2017/036171 2016-11-14 2017-10-04 Feuille rétroréfléchissante Ceased WO2018088074A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-221891 2016-11-14
JP2016221891 2016-11-14
JP2017134119A JP2018084793A (ja) 2016-11-14 2017-07-07 再帰反射シート
JP2017-134119 2017-07-07

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09504619A (ja) * 1993-10-20 1997-05-06 ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー 多重構造コーナキューブ物品と製造方法
JP2002022913A (ja) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-23 Alps Electric Co Ltd 反射体および反射型液晶表示装置
WO2003014779A1 (fr) * 2001-08-09 2003-02-20 Nippon Carbide Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de retroreflexion
JP2005530189A (ja) * 2002-06-11 2005-10-06 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー マスターおよびそのレプリカの製造方法
WO2016144313A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Orafol Americas Inc. Procédés de formation d'outillage à catadioptre partiel et d'un revêtement intermédiaire et dispositifs associés
JP2016206316A (ja) * 2015-04-17 2016-12-08 リコーインダストリアルソリューションズ株式会社 スクリーン及び表示装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09504619A (ja) * 1993-10-20 1997-05-06 ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー 多重構造コーナキューブ物品と製造方法
JP2002022913A (ja) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-23 Alps Electric Co Ltd 反射体および反射型液晶表示装置
WO2003014779A1 (fr) * 2001-08-09 2003-02-20 Nippon Carbide Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de retroreflexion
JP2005530189A (ja) * 2002-06-11 2005-10-06 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー マスターおよびそのレプリカの製造方法
WO2016144313A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Orafol Americas Inc. Procédés de formation d'outillage à catadioptre partiel et d'un revêtement intermédiaire et dispositifs associés
JP2016206316A (ja) * 2015-04-17 2016-12-08 リコーインダストリアルソリューションズ株式会社 スクリーン及び表示装置

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