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WO2017114033A1 - 一种传输机会确定方法及接入点 - Google Patents

一种传输机会确定方法及接入点 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017114033A1
WO2017114033A1 PCT/CN2016/106984 CN2016106984W WO2017114033A1 WO 2017114033 A1 WO2017114033 A1 WO 2017114033A1 CN 2016106984 W CN2016106984 W CN 2016106984W WO 2017114033 A1 WO2017114033 A1 WO 2017114033A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
access point
transmission opportunity
length
time
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/106984
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏宏家
林英沛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP16880823.6A priority Critical patent/EP3389312B1/en
Publication of WO2017114033A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017114033A1/zh
Priority to US16/024,165 priority patent/US10602542B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/04—Scheduled access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/12—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/121—Wireless traffic scheduling for groups of terminals or users
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1221—Wireless traffic scheduling based on age of data to be sent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a transmission opportunity determining method and an access point.
  • the WLAN may include a plurality of basic service sets (English: Basic Service Set, BSS for short), and the network nodes in the basic service unit include an access point (English: Access Point, abbreviated as AP) and a site (English: Station, referred to as: STA).
  • Each basic service unit can contain one access point and multiple sites associated with the access point.
  • Wireless Fidelity (English: Wireless Fidelity, Wi-Fi for short) works in unlicensed bands, and the 802.11ax standard continues the requirements of the traditional 802.11 series of standards.
  • the 802.11ax standard stipulates that both the access point and the station need to use the contention channel for data transmission. That is, in the basic service unit, the access point or the station successfully completes the backoff procedure before transmitting the transmission frame.
  • the access point For the single-user transmission mechanism, taking the access point as an example, the access point expects to perform multiple frame transmissions with the same site within the length of the transmission opportunity (English: Transmission Opportunity, TXOP for short).
  • SIFS Short Inter Frame Space
  • SIFS Short Inter Frame Space
  • SIFS Short Inter Frame Space
  • the station replies to the access frame with the uplink frame.
  • the access point successfully completes the first frame exchange sequence (English: frame exchange sequence), and the access point determines that it owns the transmission within the length of the transmission opportunity. opportunity.
  • the first frame interaction sequence of the access point fails, and the access point cannot hold the transmission opportunity within the length of the transmission opportunity.
  • the access point can perform multi-user scheduling transmission.
  • the method for determining the transmission opportunity in the single-user transmission mechanism is defined in the standard, and the method for determining the transmission opportunity in the multi-user transmission mechanism is not defined.
  • the different sites may have uplink/downlink data requirements of different service types, and the access point may need to be different for the multiple
  • the station performs multiple uplink and/or downlink multi-user transmissions, and the method for determining the transmission opportunity in the single-user transmission mechanism is not applicable to the multi-user transmission mechanism.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a transmission opportunity determining method and an access point, which are used to implement a transmission opportunity determining method in a multi-user transmission mechanism, thereby improving multi-user transmission efficiency.
  • a method for determining a transmission opportunity includes:
  • the access point After the access point performs backoff competition to the channel and transmits the downlink frame for the first time within the time length of the transmission opportunity, the access point determines that the transmission opportunity is held by itself within the time length of the transmission opportunity.
  • the method further includes:
  • the access point determines to transmit other downstream frames within the length of time of the transmission opportunity after the transmission opportunity is held by itself within the length of time of the transmission opportunity.
  • the access point does not need to perform backoff before sending other downlink frames in the time length of the transmission opportunity.
  • an access point provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • a processing unit configured to determine a length of time for the transmission opportunity that the access point performs multiple frame transmissions with at least two sites; performing backoff;
  • a transceiver unit configured to: after the processing unit performs backoff competition to the channel, in the processing order Sending a downlink frame for the first time within the length of time of the transmission opportunity determined by the element;
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine, after the first time that the transceiver unit sends the downlink frame within the time length of the transmission opportunity, that the access point holds the transmission opportunity within the time length of the transmission opportunity.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to:
  • the processing unit determines that the access point holds the transmission opportunity within the time length of the transmission opportunity, transmitting other downlink frames within the length of time of the transmission opportunity.
  • the processing unit is configured to send another downlink frame in a time length of the transmission opportunity No backoff is required.
  • the method for determining a transmission opportunity and the access point in the application and multi-user transmission mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention, if the access point expects to perform multiple frame transmissions with at least two sites within the length of the transmission opportunity, After the inbound competition is performed to the channel, the downlink frame is sent for the first time in the transmission opportunity. After the downlink frame is sent for the first time, the access point can determine that it owns the transmission opportunity within the length of the transmission opportunity. For an access point that already has a transmission opportunity, it does not need to perform backoff before transmitting other downlink frames within the length of the transmission opportunity, thereby improving multi-user transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a transmission opportunity in a single-user transmission mechanism
  • FIG. 1(b) is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a transmission opportunity in a single-user transmission mechanism
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining a transmission opportunity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of multi-user uplink transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of multi-user uplink transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of multi-user uplink transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an access point according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an access point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a transmission opportunity determining method and an access point, which are used to implement a transmission opportunity determining method in a multi-user transmission mechanism, thereby improving multi-user transmission efficiency.
  • the method and the device are based on the same inventive concept. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • a WLAN including but not limited to a Wi-Fi system represented by 802.11ax, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac.
  • a WLAN may include multiple basic service sets, the network nodes in the basic service unit including access points and sites, and each basic service unit may include one access point and multiple sites associated with the access point.
  • the access point in the embodiment of the present invention may also be referred to as a wireless access point or hotspot.
  • the access point is an access point for mobile users to enter the wired network, and is mainly deployed in the home, inside the building, and inside the campus. Typical coverage The radius is from tens of meters to hundreds of meters. Of course, the access point can also be deployed outdoors.
  • An access point is equivalent to a bridge connecting a wired network and a wireless network. Its main function is to connect each wireless network client together and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the access point can be a terminal device or a network device with a Wi-Fi chip.
  • the access point can support 802.11ax standard, and can also support multiple WLAN systems such as 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b and 802.11a.
  • the basic service unit shown in FIG. 2 includes an access point and stations 1 to 6 associated with the access point.
  • the station in the embodiment of the present invention may be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal.
  • the site can be a mobile phone that supports Wi-Fi communication, a tablet that supports Wi-Fi communication, a set-top box that supports Wi-Fi communication, a smart TV that supports Wi-Fi communication, and Wi-Fi communication. Smart wearable devices, in-vehicle communication devices and support for Wi-Fi communication A computer with Wi-Fi communication function, etc.
  • the site can support 802.11ax standards, and the site can also support multiple WLAN standards such as 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • the method for determining the transmission opportunity in the single-user transmission mechanism is defined in the standard, and the method for determining the transmission opportunity in the multi-user transmission mechanism is not defined. If the multi-user transmission mechanism uses the same method as the transmission opportunity determination method in the single-user transmission mechanism to determine the transmission opportunity, then for the multi-user transmission mechanism, the access point expects to perform with at least two sites within the length of the transmission opportunity. In the sub-frame transmission sequence, after the access point fails to interact with the first frame sequence within the length of the transmission opportunity, the access point cannot determine that it owns the transmission opportunity, and the access point needs to perform the backoff competition again to the channel before transmitting the next downlink frame. This makes multi-user transmissions less efficient. Especially in site-intensive scenarios, the problem of low multi-user transmission efficiency is more obvious. Therefore, the method of determining the transmission opportunity in the single-user transmission mechanism is not applicable to the multi-user transmission mechanism.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a transmission opportunity determining method applied to a multi-purpose transmission mechanism.
  • the access point if the access point expects to perform multiple frame transmissions with at least two sites within the length of the transmission opportunity, the access point performs the time of the transmission opportunity after performing the backoff competition to the channel.
  • the downlink frame is sent for the first time in the length. After the downlink frame is sent for the first time, the access point can determine that it owns the transmission opportunity within the length of the transmission opportunity. For an access point that already has a transmission opportunity, it does not need to perform backoff before transmitting other downlink frames within the length of the transmission opportunity, thereby improving multi-user transmission efficiency.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a multi-user transmission mechanism, and the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement how the access point determines the transmission opportunity held by the user in the multi-user transmission, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the multi-user.
  • the multi-user transmission mechanism refers to a station that performs frame transmission with an access point within a length of a transmission opportunity, including at least two stations, and the access point performs multiple frame transmissions within a time length of the transmission opportunity.
  • orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and multi-user multiple input multiple output (English: Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output, MU-MIMO, etc.) may be used.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • MU-MIMO multi-user multiple input multiple output
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a transmission opportunity, including:
  • S301 The length of time that the access point determines a transmission opportunity that performs multiple frame transmissions with at least two sites;
  • the access point expects to transmit multiple frames within the length of the transmission opportunity held by itself, and the station that performs frame transmission with the access point within the length of the transmission opportunity includes at least two stations, that is, The access point expects to perform multiple frame interaction sequences with at least two sites within the length of the transmission opportunity held by itself, indicating that the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the multi-user transmission mechanism.
  • the receiver After the sender successfully sends the first frame to the receiver, after the SIFS time, the receiver successfully replies to the sender with a second frame for responding to the first frame.
  • This process refers to a sequence of frame interactions.
  • the access point sends a downlink frame to the station.
  • the station After the SIFS time, the station sends an uplink frame for responding to the downlink frame of the access point to the access point. This process is called a frame interaction sequence.
  • the access point determines the length of time for the transmission opportunity to perform multiple frame transmissions with at least two stations, which is the length of time for multiple frames to be transmitted between the access point and at least two stations.
  • the length of time for the transmission opportunity determined by the access point to perform multiple frame transmissions with at least two sites includes, but is not limited to, the length of time that the access point is to send multiple downlink frames, and at least two stations transmit for responding to the access point.
  • the access point after the access point performs the backoff competition to the channel, it becomes the initiator of the transmission opportunity (TXOP Initiator), and the access point determines the length of the transmission time after transmitting the downlink frame for the first time within the length of the transmission opportunity.
  • the transmission opportunity is held by the access point, that is, the access point determines that the length of the transmission time itself becomes the holder of the transmission opportunity (TXOP Holder), and the access point maintains the communication medium (English: Medium) for the length of the transmission time. Occupation, for access points that already have transmission opportunities, they do not need to back off before sending downstream frames.
  • the access point After the access point determines that the transmission opportunity is held by itself within the length of the transmission time, the access point transmits other downlink frames within the length of the transmission opportunity, so that the access point and the at least two stations are on the transmission Multiple frame interaction sequences are performed within the length of the session.
  • the access point does not need to perform backoff before sending other downstream frames within the length of the transmission opportunity. Even if the frame interaction sequence of the access point fails for the first time, the access point does not need to perform the backoff competition to the channel again to send other downlink frames, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.
  • the access point sends the downlink frame within the length of the transmission opportunity, and determines that the transmission opportunity is held within the length of the transmission time, and the interval between the first frame and the downlink frame is greater than the short frame interval (English: Short)
  • DIFS Distributed Inter Frame Space
  • DIFS Distributed Inter Frame Space
  • the access point may be within the length of the transmission opportunity, and if the frame interaction sequence fails, the access point may be longer than the length of the SIFS time and less than the DIFS time length.
  • the inbound sends the next downstream frame.
  • the downlink frame that is sent by the access point for the first time in the transmission opportunity carries the length of the transmission opportunity, and the length of the transmission opportunity is carried in the medium access control of the downlink frame (English: Medium Access Control, referred to as: MAC)
  • the duration of the header field (Duration) field is carried in the medium access control of the downlink frame.
  • the downlink frame that is sent by the access point for the first time in the transmission opportunity may be a trigger frame (English: Trigger Frame), where the trigger frame is used to trigger the site for multi-user uplink transmission.
  • the trigger frame may carry the identifier of the site triggered by the multi-user uplink transmission, the resource indication information, the physical layer information of the site, and the like.
  • the identifier of the site may be an association identifier of the site (English: Association ID; AID for short)
  • the resource indication information may include resource unit allocation (English: Resource Unit Allocation) and spatial stream allocation (English: Spatial Stream Allocation).
  • the physical layer information of the site may include a modulation and coding scheme (English: Modulation and Coding Scheme).
  • the access point in conjunction with the network architecture shown in FIG. 2, the access point is expected to perform the multi-user uplink transmission by the station 1 to the station 6.
  • the access point is provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process of implementing multi-user uplink transmission is as follows:
  • the trigger frame is sent for the first time within the length of the transmission opportunity, and the access point determines that the transmission opportunity is held by itself within the length of the transmission time.
  • the trigger frame sent by the access point for the first time is used to trigger the station 1, the station 2, and the station 3 to send the multi-user uplink frame.
  • the station 1, the station 2, and the station 3 reply the multi-user uplink frame to the access point, and the access point.
  • the acknowledgment (English: Acknowledgement, ACK) frame is replied to the site 1, the site 2, and the site 3.
  • the access point completes the first frame interaction sequence.
  • the access point sends a second trigger frame, which is used to trigger the station 4, the station 5, and the station 6 to send the multi-user uplink frame.
  • the station 4, the station 5, and the station 6 reply to the access point.
  • the access point replies to the ACK frame to Site 4, Site 5, and Site 6.
  • the access point in conjunction with the network architecture shown in FIG. 2, the access point is expected to perform the multi-user uplink transmission by the station 1 to the station 6.
  • the access point is implemented by the technical method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process of multi-user uplink transmission is as follows:
  • the trigger frame is sent for the first time within the length of the transmission opportunity, and the access point determines that the transmission opportunity is held by itself within the length of the transmission time.
  • the trigger frame sent by the access point for the first time is used to trigger the site 1, site 2, and station 3 to send multi-user uplink frames.
  • the access point has not received the site 1, site 2, and site 3 access.
  • the multi-user uplink frame is replied to, and the channel is in an idle state, indicating that the first frame interaction sequence of the access point fails.
  • the access point After the access point sends the trigger frame interval PIFS for the first time, the access point does not need to be backed off, and the access point directly sends a second trigger frame, which is used to trigger site 4, site 5, and the site. 6 Sending a multi-user uplink frame. After SIFS, Site 4, Site 5, and Site 6 reply to the access point with a multi-user uplink frame, and the access point returns an ACK frame to Site 4, Site 5, and Site 6.
  • the access point in conjunction with the network architecture shown in FIG. 2, the access point is expected to perform the multi-user uplink transmission by the station 1 to the station 6.
  • the access point is implemented by the technical method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process of multi-user uplink transmission is as follows:
  • the trigger frame is sent for the first time within the length of the transmission opportunity.
  • the access point determines that it holds the transmission opportunity within the length of the transmission time.
  • the trigger frame sent by the access point for the first time is used to trigger the station 1, the station 2, and the station 3 to send the multi-user uplink frame.
  • the station 1, the station 2, and the station 3 reply the multi-user uplink frame to the access point, and the access point.
  • the ACK frame is replied to Site 1, Site 2, and Site 3, at which point the access point completes the first frame interaction sequence.
  • the access point sends a second trigger frame, and the second trigger frame is used to trigger the station 4, the station 5, and the station 6 to send the multi-user uplink frame.
  • the access point has not received the station 4, The multi-user uplink frame that the site 5 and the site 6 replied to the access point, and the channel is in an idle state, indicating that the second frame interaction sequence of the access point fails.
  • the access point sends the second trigger frame interval PIFS, the access point does not need to be backed off, and the access point directly sends a third trigger frame, and the third trigger frame can be combined with the second trigger frame.
  • the same function is used to trigger the station 4, the station 5 and the station 6 to send the multi-user uplink frame.
  • the station 4 the station 5 and the station 6 reply the multi-user uplink frame to the access point, and the access point to the station 4 and the site 5 and station 6 reply to the ACK frame.
  • the differences between the example (1), the example (2) and the example (3) are as follows: (1) The success of the first frame interaction sequence performed by the access point within the length of the transmission opportunity in (1), for example (2) The first frame interaction sequence of the access point fails within the length of the transmission opportunity. For example, (3) the first frame interaction sequence performed by the access point within the length of the transmission opportunity is successful, but after the first frame interaction sequence The frame interaction sequence failed.
  • An application and a transmission opportunity determining method in a multi-user transmission mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention, if an access point expects to perform multiple frame transmissions with at least two sites within a time length of a transmission opportunity, the access point is performing After retreating from the competition to the channel, the downlink frame is sent for the first time in the transmission opportunity. After the downlink frame is sent for the first time, the access point can determine that it owns the transmission opportunity within the length of the transmission opportunity. For an access point that already has a transmission opportunity, it does not need to perform backoff before transmitting other downlink frames within the length of the transmission opportunity, thereby improving multi-user transmission efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an access point, and the access point may adopt the method provided by the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3.
  • the access point 700 includes: a processing unit 701. And a transceiver unit 702.
  • the processing unit 701 is configured to determine a length of time for the transmission opportunity that the access point 700 performs multiple frame transmissions with the at least two stations; performing backoff;
  • the transceiver unit 702 is configured to send the downlink frame for the first time in the length of the transmission opportunity determined by the processing unit 701 after the processing unit 701 performs the backoff competition to the channel;
  • the processing unit 701 is further configured to: after the transceiver unit 702 first transmits the downlink frame within the time length of the transmission opportunity, determine that the access point 700 holds the transmission opportunity within the time length of the transmission opportunity;
  • the transceiver unit 702 is further configured to:
  • processing unit 701 determines that access point 700 holds the transmission opportunity within the length of the transmission opportunity, other downstream frames are transmitted for the length of time of the transmission opportunity.
  • the transceiver unit 702 does not need to perform backoff before sending the other downlink frames within the time length of the transmission opportunity.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processor, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • An integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application in essence or the contribution to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an access point, where the access point may adopt the method provided by the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, and may be the same device as the access point shown in FIG. 7.
  • the access point 800 includes a processor 801, a transceiver 802, a bus 803, and a memory 804, where:
  • the processor 801, the transceiver 802, and the memory 804 are connected to each other through a bus 803.
  • the bus 803 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA). Bus, etc.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 8, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor 801 corresponds to the processing unit 701 in FIG. 7, and the transceiver 802 corresponds to the transceiver unit 702 in FIG.
  • the access point 800 also includes a memory 804 for storing programs and the like.
  • the program can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the memory 804 may include a random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk storage.
  • the processor 801 executes an application stored in the memory 804 to implement the above-described transmission opportunity determining method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种传输机会确定方法及接入点，用以实现多用户传输中传输机会确定方法，进而提高多用户传输效率。该方法包括：接入点确定与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；接入点进行退避竞争到信道、且在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，接入点确定在传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。

Description

一种传输机会确定方法及接入点
本申请要求在2015年12月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201511032035.4、发明名称为“一种传输机会确定方法及接入点”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信领域，尤其涉及一种传输机会确定方法及接入点。
背景技术
目前，无线局域网(英文：Wireless Local Area Network，简称：WLAN)采用的标准为电气和电子工程师协会(英文：Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，简称：IEEE)802.11系列。WLAN可以包括多个基本服务集(英文：Basic Service Set，简称：BSS)，基本服务单元中的网络节点包括接入点(英文：Access Point，简称：AP)和站点(英文：Station，简称：STA)。每个基本服务单元可以包含一个接入点和多个与该接入点关联的站点。
无线保真(英文：Wireless Fidelity，简称：Wi-Fi)工作在非授权频段，802.11ax标准延续了传统802.11系列标准的规定。802.11ax标准中规定接入点和站点都需要通过竞争信道来进行数据传输，即在基本服务单元中，接入点或站点成功完成退避机制(Backoff Procedure)后才能发送传输帧。
对于单用户传输机制，以接入点为例，接入点期望在传输机会(英文：Transmission Opportunity，简称：TXOP)的时间长度内与同一个站点进行多次帧交传输。如图1(a)所示，接入点进行退避竞争到信道，并在传输机会的时间长度内首次向站点发送下行帧，经过短帧间间隔(英文：Short Inter Frame Space，简称：SIFS，SIFS＝16us)后，该站点向接入点回复上行帧，此时接入点成功完成首次帧交互序列(英文：frame exchange sequence)，接入点确定在传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。如图1(b)所示，接入点首次帧交互序列失败，接入点则不能在传输机会的时间长度内持有传输机会，因 此接入点需要再次进行退避竞争到信道后才能发送下行帧。
在站点密集的场景下，为了提升系统效率，接入点可以进行多用户调度传输。但是目前，标准中仅定义了单用户传输机制中传输机会的确定方法，而并没有定义多用户传输(Multi-user Transmission)机制中传输机会的确定方法。在多用户传输的传输机会时间长度内，存在多个不同的站点，这多个不同的站点可能存在多种不同业务类型的上行/下行数据需求，那么接入点就可能需要对这多个不同的站点进行多次上行和(或)下行多用户传输，这时单用户传输机制中传输机会的确定方法并不适用于多用户传输机制。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种传输机会确定方法及接入点，用以实现多用户传输机制中传输机会确定方法，进而提高多用户传输效率。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供的一种传输机会确定方法，包括：
接入点确定与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；
所述接入点进行退避竞争到信道、且在所述传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，所述接入点确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
所述接入点确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会之后，在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接入点在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前不需要进行退避。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供的一种接入点，包括：
处理单元，用于确定所述接入点与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；进行退避；
收发单元，用于在所述处理单元进行退避竞争到信道后，在所述处理单 元确定的所述传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧；
所述处理单元，还用于在所述收发单元在所述传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内所述接入点持有传输机会。
结合第二方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于：
在所述处理单元确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内所述接入点持有传输机会之后，在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前，所述处理单元不需要进行退避。
本发明实施例提供的一种应用与多用户传输机制中的传输机会确定方法及接入点，若接入点期待在传输机会的时间长度内与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输，则接入点在进行退避竞争到信道后，在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧，在首次发送下行帧后，接入点即可确定在传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。对于已持有传输机会的接入点，其在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前不需要进行退避，进而提高多用户传输效率。
附图说明
图1(a)为一种单用户传输机制中传输机会确定方法示意图；
图1(b)为一种单用户传输机制中传输机会确定方法示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种网络架构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种传输机会确定方法流程示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种多用户上行传输示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种多用户上行传输示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种多用户上行传输示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种接入点结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种接入点结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种传输机会确定方法及接入点，用以实现多用户传输机制中传输机会确定方法，进而提高多用户传输效率。其中，方法和装置是基于同一发明构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案适用于WLAN，包括但不限于以802.11ax、802.11a、802.11b、802.11g、802.11n及802.11ac为代表的Wi-Fi系统。WLAN可以包括多个基本服务集，基本服务单元中的网络节点包括接入点和站点，每个基本服务单元可以包含一个接入点和多个与该接入点关联的站点。
本发明实施例中的接入点也可称为无线访问接入点或热点等，接入点是移动用户进入有线网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部等，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，接入点也可以部署于户外。接入点相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，其主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。接入点可以是带有Wi-Fi芯片的终端设备或者网络设备。接入点可以支持802.11ax制式，也可以支持802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等多种WLAN制式。例如，图2所示的基本服务单元中包括接入点、以及与该接入点关联的站点1至站点6。
本发明实施例中的站点可以是无线通讯芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端。例如：站点可以是支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的移动电话、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的平板电脑、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的机顶盒、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能电视、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的车载通信设备和支 持Wi-Fi通讯功能的计算机等。站点可以支持802.11ax制式，站点也可以支持802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等多种WLAN制式。
目前，标准中仅定义了单用户传输机制中传输机会的确定方法，而并没有定义多用户传输机制中传输机会的确定方法。若多用户传输机制采用与单用户传输机制中传输机会的确定方法相同的方法来确定传输机会，则对于多用户传输机制，接入点期待在传输机会的时间长度内与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输序列，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内首次帧序列交互失败后，接入点不能确定自身持有传输机会，接入点需要再次进行退避竞争到信道后才能发送下一个下行帧，使得多用户传输效率较低。尤其是在站点密集的场景中，多用户传输效率较低的问题更加明显。因此，单用户传输机制中传输机会的确定方法并不适用于多用户传输机制。
本发明实施例提供一种应用于多用传输机制的传输机会确定方法。本发明实施例提供的技术方案中，若接入点期待在传输机会的时间长度内与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输，则接入点在进行退避竞争到信道后，在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧，在首次发送下行帧后，接入点即可确定在传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。对于已持有传输机会的接入点，其在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前不需要进行退避，进而提高多用户传输效率。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案应用于多用户传输机制，通过本发明实施例提供的技术方案能够实现多用户传输中接入点如何确定自身持有传输机会，进而提高多用户传输效率。多用户传输机制是指在传输机会的时间长度内与接入点进行帧传输的站点包括至少两个站点，并且接入点在传输机会的时间长度内进行多次帧传输。本发明实施例中，可以采用正交频分多址(英文：Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access简称：OFDMA)、多用户多输入多数出(英文：Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output，简称：MU-MIMO等技术实现多用户传输。
下面详细介绍本发明实施例提供的技术方案。
如图3所示，本发明实施例提供了一种传输机会确定方法，包括：
S301、接入点确定与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；
S302、接入点进行退避竞争到信道、且在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，接入点确定在传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。
本发明实施例中，接入点期待在自身持有的传输机会的时间长度内多次帧传输，并且在传输机会的时间长度内与接入点进行帧传输的站点包括至少两个站点，即接入点期待在自身持有的传输机会的时间长度内与至少两个站点进行多次帧交互序列，说明本发明实施例应用于多用户传输机制。
发送端向接收端成功发出第一帧后，相隔SIFS时间后，接收端向发送端成功回复一个用于响应第一帧的第二帧，这个过程是指一次帧交互序列。对于本发明实施例，接入点向站点发送一个下行帧，相隔SIFS时间后，该站点向接入点发送用于响应接入点的下行帧的上行帧，这个过程称为一次帧交互序列。
接入点确定与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度，该时间长度即为用于接入点与至少两个站点之间进行多次帧传输的时间长度。接入点确定的与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度包括但不限于：接入点将要发送多个下行帧的时间长度、至少两个站点发送用于响应接入点的下行帧的上行帧的时间长度、以及多个帧之间的时间间隔。
本发明实施例中，接入点进行退避竞争到信道后成为传输机会的发起者(TXOP Initiator)，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，确定在传输时间的时间长度内自身持有传输机会，即接入点确定在传输时间的时间长度自身成为传输机会的持有者(TXOP Holder)，接入点在传输时间的时间长度内保持对通信媒介(英文：Medium)的占有权，对于已持有传输机会的接入点，其发送下行帧之前不需要进行退避。
接入点确定在传输时间的时间长度内自身持有传输机会后，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧，使得接入点与至少两个站点在传输机 会的时间长度内进行多次帧交互序列。接入点在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前不需要进行退避。即使接入点首次进行的帧交互序列失败，接入点也不需要再次进行退避竞争到信道才能发送其他下行帧，进而提高传输效率。
具体的，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，确定在传输时间的时间长度内自身持有传输机会，在与首次发送下行帧的间隔大于短帧间间隔(英文：Short Inter Frame Space，简称：SIFS，SIFS＝16us)的时间长度，且小于分布式帧间间隔(英文：Distributed Inter Frame Space，简称：DIFS，DIFS＝34us)的时间长度后，接入点可以发送第二个下行帧。例如，接入点在传输机会的时间内，首次发送的下行帧和第二次发送的下行帧的时间间隔为点帧间间隔(英文：Point Inter Frame Space，简称：PIFS，PIFS＝25us)。
可选的，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内，若某一次帧交互序列失败，则接入点可以在与本次发送下行帧的间隔大于SIFS时间长度，且小于DIFS时间长度后，接入点发送下一个下行帧。
可选的，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送的下行帧携带传输机会的时间长度，传输机会的时间长度承载在该下行帧的媒体接入控制(英文：Medium Access Control，简称：MAC)头域的持续时间(Duration)字段中。
可选的，接入点在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送的下行帧可以为触发帧(英文：Trigger Frame)，该触发帧用于触发站点进行多用户上行传输。触发帧可以携带被触发进行多用户上行传输的站点的标识、资源指示信息以及站点的物理层信息等等。例如，站点的标识可以为站点的关联标识(英文：Association ID；简称：AID)，资源指示信息可以包括资源单元分配(英文：Resource Unit Allocation)和空间流分配(英文：Spatial Stream Allocation)等，站点的物理层信息可以包括调制与编码方案(英文：Modulation and Coding Scheme)等。
举例说明(一)，结合图2所示的网络架构，接入点期望调度站点1至站点6进行多用户上行传输，如图4所示，接入点通过本发明实施例提供的技 术方法实现多用户上行传输的过程如下：
图4中，接入点进行退避竞争到信道后，在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送触发帧，此时接入点确定在传输时间的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。接入点首次发送的触发帧用于触发站点1、站点2和站点3发送多用户上行帧，经过SIFS后，站点1、站点2和站点3向接入点回复多用户上行帧，接入点向站点1、站点2和站点3回复确认(英文：Acknowledgement，简称：ACK)帧，此时接入点完成首次帧交互序列。接入点发送第二个触发帧，该第二个触发帧用于触发站点4、站点5和站点6发送多用户上行帧，经过SIFS后，站点4、站点5和站点6向接入点回复多用户上行帧，接入点向站点4、站点5和站点6回复ACK帧。
举例说明(二)，结合图2所示的网络架构，接入点期望调度站点1至站点6进行多用户上行传输，如图5所示，接入点通过本发明实施例提供的技术方法实现多用户上行传输的过程如下：
图5中，接入点进行退避竞争到信道后，在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送触发帧，此时接入点确定在传输时间的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。接入点首次发送的触发帧用于触发站点1、站点2和站点3发送多用户上行帧，持续PIFS的时间长度内，接入点一直没有收到站点1、站点2和站点3向接入点回复的多用户上行帧，且信道处于空闲状态，说明接入点首次帧交互序列失败。与接入点首次发送触发帧间隔PIFS的时间长度后，接入点不需要进行退避，接入点直接发送第二个触发帧，该第二个触发帧用于触发站点4、站点5和站点6发送多用户上行帧，经过SIFS后，站点4、站点5和站点6向接入点回复多用户上行帧，接入点向站点4、站点5和站点6回复ACK帧。
举例说明(三)，结合图2所示的网络架构，接入点期望调度站点1至站点6进行多用户上行传输，如图5所示，接入点通过本发明实施例提供的技术方法实现多用户上行传输的过程如下：
图6中，接入点进行退避竞争到信道后，在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送触发帧，此时接入点确定在传输时间的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。 接入点首次发送的触发帧用于触发站点1、站点2和站点3发送多用户上行帧，经过SIFS后，站点1、站点2和站点3向接入点回复多用户上行帧，接入点向站点1、站点2和站点3回复ACK帧，此时接入点完成首次帧交互序列。接入点发送第二个触发帧，该第二个触发帧用于触发站点4、站点5和站点6发送多用户上行帧，持续PIFS的时间长度内，接入点一直没有收到站点4、站点5和站点6向接入点回复的多用户上行帧，且信道处于空闲状态，说明接入点第二次帧交互序列失败。与接入点发送第二个触发帧间隔PIFS的时间长度后，接入点不需要进行退避，接入点直接发送第三个触发帧，该第三个触发帧可以与第二个触发帧的作用相同，用于触发站点4、站点5和站点6发送多用户上行帧，经过SIFS后，站点4、站点5和站点6向接入点回复多用户上行帧，接入点向站点4、站点5和站点6回复ACK帧。
举例说明(一)、举例说明(二)和举例说明(三)的区别在于，举例说明(一)中接入点在传输机会的时间长度内进行的首次帧交互序列成功，举例说明(二)中接入点在传输机会的时间长度内进行的首次帧交互序列失败，举例说明(三)中接入点在传输机会的时间长度内进行的首次帧交互序列成功，但首次帧交互序列之后的帧交互序列失败。
本发明实施例提供的一种应用与多用户传输机制中的传输机会确定方法，若接入点期待在传输机会的时间长度内与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输，则接入点在进行退避竞争到信道后，在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧，在首次发送下行帧后，接入点即可确定在传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。对于已持有传输机会的接入点，其在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前不需要进行退避，进而提高多用户传输效率。
基于以上实施例，本发明实施例还提供了一种接入点，该接入点可以采用图3对应的实施例提供的方法，参阅图7所示，该接入点700包括：处理单元701和收发单元702。
处理单元701，用于确定接入点700与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；进行退避；
收发单元702，用于在处理单元701进行退避竞争到信道后，在处理单元701确定的传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧；
处理单元701，还用于在收发单元702在传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，确定在传输机会的时间长度内接入点700持有传输机会；
可选的，收发单元702还用于：
在处理单元701确定在传输机会的时间长度内接入点700持有传输机会之后，在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧。
可选的，收发单元702在传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前，处理单元701不需要进行退避。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
基于以上实施例，本发明实施例还提供了一种接入点，该接入点可采用图3对应的实施例提供的方法，可以是与图7所示的接入点相同的设备。参阅图8所示，该接入点800包括：处理器801、收发器802、总线803以及存储器804，其中：
处理器801、收发器802、以及存储器804通过总线803相互连接；总线803可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，简称PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，简称EISA)总线等。总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图8中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
处理器801对应图7中处理单元701，收发器802对应图7中收发单元702。该接入点800还包括存储器804，用于存放程序等。具体地，程序可以包括程序代码，该程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器804可能包含随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，也可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。处理器801执行存储器804所存放的应用程序，实现如上传输机会确定方法。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种传输机会确定方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入点确定与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；
    所述接入点进行退避竞争到信道、且在所述传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，所述接入点确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述接入点确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内自身持有传输机会之后，在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入点在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前不需要进行退避。
  4. 一种接入点，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定所述接入点与至少两个站点进行多次帧传输的传输机会的时间长度；进行退避；
    收发单元，用于在所述处理单元进行退避竞争到信道后，在所述处理单元确定的所述传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧；
    所述处理单元，还用于在所述收发单元在所述传输机会的时间长度内首次发送下行帧后，确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内所述接入点持有传输机会。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    在所述处理单元确定在所述传输机会的时间长度内所述接入点持有传输机会之后，在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述收发单元在所述传输机会的时间长度内发送其他下行帧之前，所述处理单元不需要进行退避。
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