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WO2012007596A1 - Device for generating oxyhydrogen - Google Patents

Device for generating oxyhydrogen Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012007596A1
WO2012007596A1 PCT/ES2010/000307 ES2010000307W WO2012007596A1 WO 2012007596 A1 WO2012007596 A1 WO 2012007596A1 ES 2010000307 W ES2010000307 W ES 2010000307W WO 2012007596 A1 WO2012007596 A1 WO 2012007596A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrolytic cell
electric current
oxyhydrogen
sensor
electrolyte
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2010/000307
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Camats Giros
Original Assignee
Laboratorio De Investigación Y Análisis Jordi Martí, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laboratorio De Investigación Y Análisis Jordi Martí, S.A. filed Critical Laboratorio De Investigación Y Análisis Jordi Martí, S.A.
Priority to PCT/ES2010/000307 priority Critical patent/WO2012007596A1/en
Publication of WO2012007596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012007596A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the generation of oxyhydrogen, more specifically to a device provided with control and management means at all times of the operating parameters of the electrolytic cell in which the oxyhydrogen is generated.
  • the field of application of this invention is that of power systems for combustion engines, boilers and other mechanisms that use fuels for their operation.
  • Oxyhydrogen is a gaseous mixture of diatomic hydrogen and oxygen in a proportion that allows combustion by generating water. This combustion is very energetic, but in ambient conditions it requires a high ignition temperature, which represents a considerable activation barrier.
  • Current oxyhydrogen production devices comprise an electrolytic cell associated with a power supply or electrical supply, which causes the electrolysis of the water that forms the electrolyte contained in said electrolytic cell, to the passage of an electric current.
  • the mixture of oxygen and hydrogen that are released as a gas constitutes the desired oxyhydrogen.
  • the oxyhydrogen used comprises other mixed electrolyte gases, water vapor and air, which reduces its performance and raises the activation barrier mentioned above.
  • the risk that the flame produced in combustion recedes through the supply line to the electrolytic cell is high, with the risk of explosion.
  • the device for the generation of oxyhydrogen, object of this invention has some technical peculiarities aimed at improving control over the operation of the electrolytic cell and optimizing its performance according to the needs of the oxyhydrogen consuming device.
  • the device is of the type that comprises an electrolytic cell associated with an electrical supply through means of control of the electric current that causes in said electrolytic cell the electrolysis of the water that forms the electrolyte contained in this electrolytic cell.
  • control means comprise a microcontroller connected with an amperage sensor of the electric current supplied to the cell, operating controls and a module for controlling the electric current supplied by pulse width modulation.
  • the amperage sensor is a Hall effect sensor, arranged on the power conductors of the electrolytic cell, and is connected to the microcontroller through an analog-digital converter of this.
  • This microcontroller performs an oxyhydrogen production management in the electrolytic cell by comparing the set or theoretical current intensity and the current intensity actually detected by the amperage sensor. In an algorithm programmed in said microcontroller both values are compared, and with the error a correction of the pulse width modulation parameters is made. This error can be mainly due to the variation of the electrolyte concentration in the electrolytic cell or the working temperature of the electrolyte in said cell, these parameters being now measurable and manageable by means of the appropriate algorithm.
  • the operating controls are configured by a keyboard and display screens.
  • the screens present the operating and display information of the setting or setpoint.
  • the keyboard can comprise three keys, two of adjustment and one of function, and the screens can consist of 7-segment LED display gropes.
  • the parameters displayed on these screens are the actual working electric current intensity, the setpoint intensity to which the device is to be adjusted, the pulse rate and the Maximum adjustable duty cycle percentage for the modulated pulse.
  • the governance module used is two parallel mosfet transistors with compensation resistors. So that a great performance is obtained when modulating the current pulses supplied to the electrolytic cell.
  • the device comprises a converter between the battery and the electrolytic cell, configured by a current inverter, a rectifier and filtering means for raising the voltage supplied to the electrolytic cell.
  • This converter allows to raise the voltage of the electrical supply, which for example in a motor vehicle are 12 or 24 volts at about 160 volts that allow to improve the electrolysis reaction in the cell. It is not ruled out that for simpler uses the electrolytic cell is fed at 12 or 24 volts directly.
  • This converter also allows regulating the supply voltage in static applications, enabling the use of photovoltaic panels for the operation of an oxyhydrogen generating device, for example in a domestic heating boiler or a building.
  • the filtering means are capacitors, which prevent the curling of the direct current from which the current pulses introduced in the electrolytic cell are generated.
  • the electrolytic cell comprises means for cooling the operating temperature, for example a forced air cooling by means of a fan, said situation being able to be detected by the correction that the microprocessor of the control means must make.
  • the electrolytic cell is opened for the recirculation of the electrolyte with the outside, taking the seawater directly as an electrolyte and returning it once extracted the oxyhydrogen ..
  • Figure 1 shows a scheme of the device for the generation of oxyhydrogen.
  • Figure 2 shows in block diagram of the constitution of the control means of the electrolytic cell of the device.
  • the device of the invention comprises an electrolytic cell (1) connected to an electrical supply (S) through a converter (2), and control means (3) that regulate the passage of the electric current through said electrolytic cell (1) by pulse width modulation.
  • the electrolytic cell (1) comprises as an electrolyte a solution of salts in water, so that the electrolysis that occurs at the passage of the electric current through said electrolytic cell (1) causes the dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen that is mixed for the formation of oxyhydrogen.
  • the electrolytic cell (1) is connected to a reservoir (4) by two conduits and an internal pump (not shown) for the passage of the electrolyte and the oxyhydrogen gas between said electrolytic cell (1) and the reservoir (4) and the extraction of the oxyhydrogen in said reservoir (4).
  • This reservoir (4) is connected to a bubbler (5), in this case of water, where moisture and water droplets carried by the oxyhydrogen are removed, acting as a water filter.
  • a bubbler (5) in this case of water, where moisture and water droplets carried by the oxyhydrogen are removed, acting as a water filter.
  • the supply line (not shown) of the oxyhydrogen is connected to the burners, boiler, engine or consumption element.
  • the control means (3) comprise a microcontroller (31), in this case of 8 bits, with an analog-digital converter (32) in which an amperage sensor (6) is connected, in this case a sensor of Hall effect This amperage sensor (6) is inserted into one of the power conductors (11) of the electrolytic cell (1).
  • the control means (3) have a steering module (33), in this case formed by two mosfet transistors in parallel with compensation resistors (not shown), connected to the converter (2) at its entrance and to the conductors power (11) to the cell electrolytic (1) at its output.
  • the control means (3) also comprise a power supply (34) specific to the microprocessor (31) and the transistors of the steering module (33).
  • the microprocessor (31) is associated with operating controls, for the adjustment of the desired working parameters of the electrolytic cell (1) and visualization of the actual working parameters.
  • These operating controls are configured by a keyboard (36) with three buttons and three numerical screens (35) of groups of 7-segment LED displays.
  • the converter (2) is configured by a power inverter (21) that transforms the 12 or 24 volt direct current of the power supply, in this case a battery, at approximately 115 volts of alternating current, then a rectifier (22 ) which converts alternating current into direct current and at its output is a filter media (23).
  • the filter media (23) are capacitors and supply direct current at approximately 160 volts.
  • the device further comprises a voltmeter (7) interleaved between the supply conductors (11) of the electrolytic cell (1), and arranged in parallel with it, for the control of the effective voltage supplied by the pulse modulation generated by the means of control (3).
  • the device comprises a relay (8) with a drive control (81) arranged between the power supply (S) and the converter for starting and stopping the generation of oxyhydrogen.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device which includes an electrolytic cell (1) combined with an electric supply (S) via a means (3) for controlling the electric current which causes, in said electrolytic cell (1), electrolysis of the water that makes up the electrolyte contained in said electrolytic cell (1), the control means (3) including a micro-controller (31) connected to an amp sensor (6) of the electric current supplied to the electrolytic cell (1), a series of operating controls and a module (33) for governing the electric current supplied by pulse-width modulation. The amp sensor (6) is a Hall-effect sensor.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN  DESCRIPTION
DISPOSITIVO PARA LA GENERACIÓN DE OXIHIDRÓGENO. Objeto de la invención DEVICE FOR THE GENERATION OF OXYHYDROGEN. Object of the invention
La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo para la generación de oxihidrógeno, más concretamente a un dispositivo dotado de medios de control y gestión en todo momento de los parámetros de funcionamiento de la celda electrolítica en la que se genera el oxihidrógeno.  The present invention relates to a device for the generation of oxyhydrogen, more specifically to a device provided with control and management means at all times of the operating parameters of the electrolytic cell in which the oxyhydrogen is generated.
Campo de aplicación de la invención. Field of application of the invention.
El campo de aplicación de esta invención es el de los sistemas de alimentación para motores de combustión, calderas y otros mecanismos que utilizan combustibles para su funcionamiento.  The field of application of this invention is that of power systems for combustion engines, boilers and other mechanisms that use fuels for their operation.
Antecedentes de la invención. Background of the invention.
El oxihidrógeno es una mezcla gaseosa de hidrógeno diatómico y oxígeno en una proporción que permite su combustión generando agua. Esta combustión es muy energética, pero en condiciones ambiente requiere una temperatura de ignición elevada, lo cual representa una barrera de activación considerable.  Oxyhydrogen is a gaseous mixture of diatomic hydrogen and oxygen in a proportion that allows combustion by generating water. This combustion is very energetic, but in ambient conditions it requires a high ignition temperature, which represents a considerable activation barrier.
Los actuales dispositivos de producción de oxihidrógeno comprenden una celda electrolítica asociada a una fuente de alimentación o suministro eléctrico, que provoca la electrólisis del agua que conforma el electrolito contenido en dicha celda electrolítica, al paso de una corriente eléctrica.  Current oxyhydrogen production devices comprise an electrolytic cell associated with a power supply or electrical supply, which causes the electrolysis of the water that forms the electrolyte contained in said electrolytic cell, to the passage of an electric current.
La mezcla de oxígeno y el hidrógeno que se desprenden como gas constituye el oxihidrógeno buscado.  The mixture of oxygen and hydrogen that are released as a gas constitutes the desired oxyhydrogen.
Este dispositivo utilizado de forma directa plantea unos problemas prácticos para su uso que son difíciles de solventar. En primer lugar, el oxihidrógeno utilizado comprende otros gases del electrolito mezclados, vapor de agua y aire, lo cual reduce su rendimiento y eleva la barrera de activación anteriormente mencionada. Además el riesgo de que la llama producida en la combustión retroceda por el conducto de suministro hacia la celda electrolítica es elevado, con el riesgo de explosión que ello conlleva. Descripción de la invención This device used directly raises practical problems for its use that are difficult to solve. First, the oxyhydrogen used comprises other mixed electrolyte gases, water vapor and air, which reduces its performance and raises the activation barrier mentioned above. In addition, the risk that the flame produced in combustion recedes through the supply line to the electrolytic cell is high, with the risk of explosion. Description of the invention
El dispositivo para la generación de oxihidrógeno, objeto de esta invención, presenta unas particularidades técnicas destinadas a mejorar el control sobre el funcionamiento de la celda electrolítica y optimizar su rendimiento según las necesidades del dispositivo consumidor del oxihidrógeno.  The device for the generation of oxyhydrogen, object of this invention, has some technical peculiarities aimed at improving control over the operation of the electrolytic cell and optimizing its performance according to the needs of the oxyhydrogen consuming device.
El dispositivo es del tipo de los que comprenden una celda electrolítica asociada a un suministro eléctrico a través de unos medios de control de la corriente eléctrica que provoca en dicha celda electrolítica la electrólisis del agua que conforma el electrolito contenido en esta celda electrolítica.  The device is of the type that comprises an electrolytic cell associated with an electrical supply through means of control of the electric current that causes in said electrolytic cell the electrolysis of the water that forms the electrolyte contained in this electrolytic cell.
De acuerdo con la invención, los medios de control comprenden un microcontrolador conectado con un sensor de amperaje de la corriente eléctrica suministrada a la celda, unos mandos de manejo y un módulo de gobierno de la corriente eléctrica suministrada por modulación de ancho de pulso. El sensor de amperaje es un sensor de efecto Hall, dispuesto sobre los conductores de alimentación de la celda electrolítica, y se conecta con el microcontrolador a través de un conversor analógico-digital de este.  According to the invention, the control means comprise a microcontroller connected with an amperage sensor of the electric current supplied to the cell, operating controls and a module for controlling the electric current supplied by pulse width modulation. The amperage sensor is a Hall effect sensor, arranged on the power conductors of the electrolytic cell, and is connected to the microcontroller through an analog-digital converter of this.
Este microcontrolador realiza una gestión de la producción del oxihidrógeno en la celda electrolítica mediante la comparación de la intensidad de corriente consignada o teórica y la intensidad de corriente detectada realmente por el sensor de amperaje. En un algoritmo programado en dicho microcontrolador se comparan ambos valores, y con el error se realiza una corrección de los parámetros de modulación del ancho de pulso. Este error se puede deber principalmente a la variación de la concentración del electrolito en la celda electrolítica o de la temperatura de trabajo del electrolito en dicha celda, siendo ahora estos parámetros medibles y manejables mediante el algoritmo adecuado.  This microcontroller performs an oxyhydrogen production management in the electrolytic cell by comparing the set or theoretical current intensity and the current intensity actually detected by the amperage sensor. In an algorithm programmed in said microcontroller both values are compared, and with the error a correction of the pulse width modulation parameters is made. This error can be mainly due to the variation of the electrolyte concentration in the electrolytic cell or the working temperature of the electrolyte in said cell, these parameters being now measurable and manageable by means of the appropriate algorithm.
Para facilitar el manejo del dispositivo generador de oxihidrógeno, los mandos de manejo están configurados por un teclado y unas pantallas de visualización. Así las pantallas presentan la información de funcionamiento y de visualización del ajuste o consigna. Por ejemplo el teclado puede comprender tres teclas, dos de ajuste y una de función, y las pantallas pueden estar constituidas por gropos de displays de LEDs de 7 segmentos. Los parámetros que se visualizan en dichas pantallas son la intensidad de corriente eléctrica real de trabajo, la intensidad de consigna a la que se desea ajustar el dispositivo, la frecuencia de pulso y el porcentaje de ciclo de trabajo máximo ajustable para el pulso modulado. A través del teclado se pueden ajustar estos parámetros según las necesidades del dispositivo consumidor del oxihidrógeno, y las pantallas también permiten visualizar en tiempo real el comportamiento del dispositivo por dichos parámetros. To facilitate the operation of the oxyhydrogen generating device, the operating controls are configured by a keyboard and display screens. Thus the screens present the operating and display information of the setting or setpoint. For example, the keyboard can comprise three keys, two of adjustment and one of function, and the screens can consist of 7-segment LED display gropes. The parameters displayed on these screens are the actual working electric current intensity, the setpoint intensity to which the device is to be adjusted, the pulse rate and the Maximum adjustable duty cycle percentage for the modulated pulse. Through the keyboard you can adjust these parameters according to the needs of the oxygen-consuming device, and the screens also allow you to visualize in real time the behavior of the device by these parameters.
El módulo de gobierno utilizado son dos transistores mosfet en paralelo con resistencias de compensación. De forma que se obtiene un gran rendimiento a la hora de modular los pulsos de corriente suministrados a la celda electrolítica.  The governance module used is two parallel mosfet transistors with compensation resistors. So that a great performance is obtained when modulating the current pulses supplied to the electrolytic cell.
En una realización, el dispositivo comprende un convertidor entre la batería y la celda electrolítica, configurado por un inversor de corriente, un rectificador y unos medios de filtrado para la elevación de la tensión suministrada a la celda electrolítica.. Este convertidor permite elevar la tensión del suministro eléctrico, que por ejemplo en un vehículo automóvil son 12 o 24 voltios a unos 160 voltios que permiten mejorar la reacción de electrólisis en la celda. No se descarta que para usos más sencillos la celda electrolítica sea alimentada a 12 o 24 voltios directamente. Este convertidor permite además regular la tensión de alimentación en aplicaciones estáticas, posibilitando la utilización de paneles fotovoltaicos para el funcionamiento de un dispositivo generador de oxihidrógeno, por ejemplo en una caldera de calefacción doméstica o de un edificio.  In one embodiment, the device comprises a converter between the battery and the electrolytic cell, configured by a current inverter, a rectifier and filtering means for raising the voltage supplied to the electrolytic cell. This converter allows to raise the voltage of the electrical supply, which for example in a motor vehicle are 12 or 24 volts at about 160 volts that allow to improve the electrolysis reaction in the cell. It is not ruled out that for simpler uses the electrolytic cell is fed at 12 or 24 volts directly. This converter also allows regulating the supply voltage in static applications, enabling the use of photovoltaic panels for the operation of an oxyhydrogen generating device, for example in a domestic heating boiler or a building.
En una realización, los medios de filtrado son unos condensadores, los cuales evitan el rizado de la corriente continua a partir de la cual se generan los pulsos de corriente introducidos en la celda electrolítica..  In one embodiment, the filtering means are capacitors, which prevent the curling of the direct current from which the current pulses introduced in the electrolytic cell are generated.
En una realización, la celda electrolítica comprende unos medios de refrigeración de la temperatura de funcionamiento, por ejemplo una refrigeración forzada por aire mediante un ventilador, pudiéndose detectar dicha situación mediante la corrección que debe realizar el microprocesador de los medios de control..  In one embodiment, the electrolytic cell comprises means for cooling the operating temperature, for example a forced air cooling by means of a fan, said situation being able to be detected by the correction that the microprocessor of the control means must make.
A su vez, en una realización, pero ejemplo destinada a la generación de oxihidrógeno para un motor de una embarcación, la celda electrolítica es abierta para la recirculación del electrolito con el exterior, tomando el agua de mar directamente como electrolito y devolviéndola una vez extraído el oxihidrógeno..  In turn, in one embodiment, but an example for the generation of oxyhydrogen for a ship's motor, the electrolytic cell is opened for the recirculation of the electrolyte with the outside, taking the seawater directly as an electrolyte and returning it once extracted the oxyhydrogen ..
Descripción de las figuras. Description of the figures.
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un juego de dibujos en los que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
La figura 1 muestra un esquema del dispositivo para la generación de oxihidrógeno.  Figure 1 shows a scheme of the device for the generation of oxyhydrogen.
La figura 2 muestra en esquema de bloques de la constitución de los medios de control de la celda electrolítica del dispositivo.  Figure 2 shows in block diagram of the constitution of the control means of the electrolytic cell of the device.
Realización preferente de la invención Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
Como se puede observar en las figuras referenciadas el dispositivo de la invención comprende una celda electrolítica (1) conectada a un suministro eléctrico (S) a través de un convertidor (2), y unos medios de control (3) que regulan el paso de la corriente eléctrica por dicha celda electrolítica (1) mediante modulación de ancho de pulso. La celda electrolítica (1) comprende como electrolito una disolución de sales en agua, de forma que la electrólisis que se produce al paso de la corriente eléctrica por dicha celda electrolítica (1) provoca la disociación del agua en hidrógeno y en oxígeno que es mezclado para la formación de oxihidrógeno. La celda electrolítica (1) está conectada con un depósito (4) mediante dos conductos y una bomba interior (no representada) para el paso del electrolito y el gas oxihidrógeno entre dicha celda electrolítica (1) y el depósito (4) y la extracción del oxihidrógeno en dicho depósito (4).  As can be seen in the referenced figures, the device of the invention comprises an electrolytic cell (1) connected to an electrical supply (S) through a converter (2), and control means (3) that regulate the passage of the electric current through said electrolytic cell (1) by pulse width modulation. The electrolytic cell (1) comprises as an electrolyte a solution of salts in water, so that the electrolysis that occurs at the passage of the electric current through said electrolytic cell (1) causes the dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen that is mixed for the formation of oxyhydrogen. The electrolytic cell (1) is connected to a reservoir (4) by two conduits and an internal pump (not shown) for the passage of the electrolyte and the oxyhydrogen gas between said electrolytic cell (1) and the reservoir (4) and the extraction of the oxyhydrogen in said reservoir (4).
Este depósito (4) está conectado con un burbujeador (5), en este caso de agua, donde se elimina la humedad y gotas de agua arrastradas por el oxihidrógeno, actuando de filtro de agua. En la salida de este burbujeador (5) se encuentra conectado el conducto de suministro (no representado) del oxihidrógeno a los quemadores, caldera, motor o elemento de consumo.  This reservoir (4) is connected to a bubbler (5), in this case of water, where moisture and water droplets carried by the oxyhydrogen are removed, acting as a water filter. At the outlet of this bubbler (5), the supply line (not shown) of the oxyhydrogen is connected to the burners, boiler, engine or consumption element.
Los medios de control (3) comprenden un microcontrolador (31), en este caso de 8 bits, con un conversor analógico-digital (32) en el que se encuentra conectado un sensor de amperaje (6), en este caso un sensor de efecto Hall. Este sensor de amperaje (6) está insertado en uno de los conductores de alimentación (11) de la celda electrolítica (1). Los medios de control (3) presentan un módulo de gobierno (33), en este caso conformado por dos transistores mosfet en paralelo con unas resistencias de compensación (no representados), conectados con el convertidor (2) en su entrada y con los conductores de alimentación (11) a la celda electrolítica (1) a su salida. Los medios de control (3) también comprenden una fuente de alimentación (34) específica del microprocesador (31) y de los transistores del módulo de gobierno (33). The control means (3) comprise a microcontroller (31), in this case of 8 bits, with an analog-digital converter (32) in which an amperage sensor (6) is connected, in this case a sensor of Hall effect This amperage sensor (6) is inserted into one of the power conductors (11) of the electrolytic cell (1). The control means (3) have a steering module (33), in this case formed by two mosfet transistors in parallel with compensation resistors (not shown), connected to the converter (2) at its entrance and to the conductors power (11) to the cell electrolytic (1) at its output. The control means (3) also comprise a power supply (34) specific to the microprocessor (31) and the transistors of the steering module (33).
El microprocesador (31) está asociado a unos mandos de manejo, para el ajuste de los parámetros de trabajo deseados de la celda electrolítica (1) y visualización de los parámetros de trabajo reales. Estos mandos de manejo están configurados por un teclado (36) con tres botones y tres pantallas (35) numéricas de grupos de displays de LEDs de 7 segmentos.  The microprocessor (31) is associated with operating controls, for the adjustment of the desired working parameters of the electrolytic cell (1) and visualization of the actual working parameters. These operating controls are configured by a keyboard (36) with three buttons and three numerical screens (35) of groups of 7-segment LED displays.
El convertidor (2) está configurado por un inversor (21) de corriente que transforma la corriente continua de 12 o 24 voltios del suministro eléctrico, en este caso una batería, a aproximadamente 115 voltios de corriente alterna, encontrándose a continuación un rectificador (22) que convierte la corriente alterna en corriente continua y a su salida se encuentra unos medios de filtrado (23). En este caso los medios de filtrado (23) son unos condensadores y suministran corriente continua a aproximadamente 160 voltios.  The converter (2) is configured by a power inverter (21) that transforms the 12 or 24 volt direct current of the power supply, in this case a battery, at approximately 115 volts of alternating current, then a rectifier (22 ) which converts alternating current into direct current and at its output is a filter media (23). In this case, the filter media (23) are capacitors and supply direct current at approximately 160 volts.
El dispositivo comprende además un voltímetro (7) intercalado entre los conductores de alimentación (11) de la celda electrolítica (1), y dispuesta en paralelo con ella, para el control de la tensión efectiva suministrada por la modulación de pulso generado por los medios de control (3).  The device further comprises a voltmeter (7) interleaved between the supply conductors (11) of the electrolytic cell (1), and arranged in parallel with it, for the control of the effective voltage supplied by the pulse modulation generated by the means of control (3).
El dispositivo comprende un relé (8) con un mando (81) de accionamiento dispuesto entre el suministro eléctrico (S) y el convertidor para la puesta en marcha y paro de la generación de oxihidrógeno.  The device comprises a relay (8) with a drive control (81) arranged between the power supply (S) and the converter for starting and stopping the generation of oxyhydrogen.
Una vez descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, así como un ejemplo de realización preferente, se hace constar a los efectos oportunos que los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos descritos podrán ser modificados, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración de las características esenciales de la invención que se reivindican a continuación.  Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration. of the essential features of the invention that are claimed below.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. - Dispositivo para la generación de oxihidrógeno, del tipo de los que comprenden una celda electrolítica (1) asociada a un suministro eléctrico (S) a través de unos medios de control (3) de la corriente eléctrica que provoca en dicha celda electrolítica (1) la electrólisis del agua que conforma el electrolito contenido en esta celda electrolítica (1) caracterizado porque los medios de control (3) comprenden un microcontrolador (31) conectado con un sensor de amperaje (6) de la corriente eléctrica suministrada a la celda electrolítica (1), unos mandos de manejo y un módulo de gobierno (33) de la corriente eléctrica suministrada por modulación de ancho de pulso.  1. - Device for the generation of oxyhydrogen, of the type comprising an electrolytic cell (1) associated with an electrical supply (S) through control means (3) of the electric current that causes in said electrolytic cell (1) the electrolysis of the water that forms the electrolyte contained in this electrolytic cell (1) characterized in that the control means (3) comprise a microcontroller (31) connected to an amperage sensor (6) of the electric current supplied to the electrolytic cell (1), operating controls and a control module (33) of the electric current supplied by pulse width modulation.
2. - Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque el sensor de amperaje (6) es un sensor de efecto Hall. 2. - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the amperage sensor (6) is a Hall effect sensor.
3.- Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los mandos de manejo están configurados por un teclado (36) y unas pantallas (35) de visualización. 3. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the operating controls are configured by a keyboard (36) and display screens (35).
4. - Dispositivo. Según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque el módulo de gobierno (33) son dos transistores mosfet en paralelo con resistencias de compensación. 4. - Device. According to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steering module (33) is two parallel mosfet transistors with compensation resistors.
5. - Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque comprende un convertidor (2) entre el suministro eléctrico (S) y la celda electrolítica (1), configurado por un inversor (21) de corriente, un rectificador (22) y unos medios de filtrado (23) para la elevación de la tensión suministrada a la celda electrolítica (1). 5. - Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a converter (2) between the power supply (S) and the electrolytic cell (1), configured by a current inverter (21), a rectifier (22) and filtering means (23) for raising the voltage supplied to the electrolytic cell (1).
6. - Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque los medios de filtrado (23) son unos condensadores. 6. - Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the filtering means (23) are condensers.
7. - Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque la celda electrolítica (1) comprende unos medios de refrigeración de la temperatura de funcionamiento. 7. - Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolytic cell (1) comprises means for cooling the operating temperature.
8.- Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque la celda electrolítica (1) es abierta para la recirculación del electrolito con el exterior. 8. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolytic cell (1) is open for the recirculation of the electrolyte with the outside.
PCT/ES2010/000307 2010-07-15 2010-07-15 Device for generating oxyhydrogen WO2012007596A1 (en)

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