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WO2008139235A2 - Novel piperazine salts as d3/d2 antagonists - Google Patents

Novel piperazine salts as d3/d2 antagonists Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008139235A2
WO2008139235A2 PCT/HU2008/000044 HU2008000044W WO2008139235A2 WO 2008139235 A2 WO2008139235 A2 WO 2008139235A2 HU 2008000044 W HU2008000044 W HU 2008000044W WO 2008139235 A2 WO2008139235 A2 WO 2008139235A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trans
dimethylcarbamoyl
piperazine
ethyl
dichlorophenyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/HU2008/000044
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French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008139235A3 (en
WO2008139235A8 (en
Inventor
Éva ÁGAINÉ CSONGOR
László Czibula
Ferenc Sebök
György DOMÁNY
István GREINER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Richter Gedeon Nyrt
Original Assignee
Richter Gedeon Nyrt
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to UAA200912891A priority Critical patent/UA102225C2/en
Priority to PL08750834T priority patent/PL2155696T3/en
Priority to KR1020157019598A priority patent/KR101668973B1/en
Priority to CN2008800156277A priority patent/CN101679315B/en
Priority to NZ580642A priority patent/NZ580642A/en
Priority to AU2008249772A priority patent/AU2008249772B2/en
Priority to CA2684404A priority patent/CA2684404C/en
Priority to ES08750834.7T priority patent/ES2628025T3/en
Priority to HK10106638.3A priority patent/HK1140473B/en
Priority to DK08750834.7T priority patent/DK2155696T3/en
Priority to RS20170549A priority patent/RS56036B1/en
Priority to SI200831816T priority patent/SI2155696T1/en
Priority to BRPI0811199-5A2A priority patent/BRPI0811199A2/en
Priority to JP2010507992A priority patent/JP2010526861A/en
Priority to EP08750834.7A priority patent/EP2155696B1/en
Application filed by Richter Gedeon Nyrt filed Critical Richter Gedeon Nyrt
Priority to EA200971046A priority patent/EA017270B1/en
Priority to MX2009012182A priority patent/MX2009012182A/en
Priority to AP2009005012A priority patent/AP2009005012A0/en
Priority to HRP20170918TT priority patent/HRP20170918T1/en
Priority to LTEP08750834.7T priority patent/LT2155696T/en
Priority to TW097125707A priority patent/TWI424846B/en
Publication of WO2008139235A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008139235A2/en
Publication of WO2008139235A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008139235A3/en
Priority to IL201533A priority patent/IL201533A0/en
Priority to TNP2009000458A priority patent/TN2009000458A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2008139235A8 publication Critical patent/WO2008139235A8/en
Priority to MA32405A priority patent/MA31434B1/en
Priority to CY20171100512T priority patent/CY1119076T1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
    • C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D241/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/08—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for nausea, cinetosis or vertigo; Antiemetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
    • A61P15/10—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for impotence
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel salts of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)- piperazine-l-ylJ-ethylJ-NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine, to processes for their preparation to their use in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
  • Hungarian Patent Specification No. P0302451 discloses (thio)-carbamoyl-cyclohexane derivatives that are D 3 /D 2 dopamin receptor subtype preferring ligands.
  • One particular compound disclosed therein is trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ - NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine acts as dopamine receptor antagonist, particularly D 3 /D 2 receptor antagonists and are useful in the treatment and prevention of pathological conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors.
  • an active agent present in the composition exhibits suitable physical, physicochemical and chemical properties.
  • One important property for the active agent is its solubility, particularly its solubility in water.
  • the agent typically must be converted into a form which has the appropriate solubility properties, for example, a salt and/or a solvate of the active agent.
  • a salt and/or a solvate of the active agent typically must be converted into a form which has the appropriate solubility properties.
  • salts and/or solvates only pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or solvates of the active agent may be used in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the active agent must possess properties that make it easy to handle and produce on a large scale.
  • a crude active agent product is recovered from a reaction mixture by a complicated and often multi-step process, which can decrease yields and cause a substantial increase in production costs. Therefore, also for economic reasons, the active agent must be easy-to handle and readily isolable.
  • the handling properties also have a considerable effect on the resulting purity of the active agent, which is one of the most important factors to be considered in the pharmaceutical industry.
  • Another matter of great importance is the stability of the form of the active agent used.
  • the durability of a pharmaceutical composition which includes the stability of the active agent itself, is of great importance, especially for quality control purposes.
  • the base form of the salts according to the invention namely the trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine base is substantially insoluble in water. Therefore our aim was to provide a compound form of the trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine which meets all the above mentioned solubility, handling and stability requirements.
  • the present invention relates to novel monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleatese and methanesulphonate salts of trans 4- ⁇ 2- [4-(2,3 -dichlorophenyty-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl ⁇ -N ⁇ N-dimethylcarbamoyl-c y clohexylamine and/or their hydrates and/or solvates, to processes for preparing them, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in the therapy and/or prevention of conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors, particularly D 3 ZD 2 receptors.
  • Conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptor are for example psychotic states (e.g.
  • drug abuse e.g. alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, opiate, etc. abuse
  • cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia mild-to moderate cognitive deficits
  • dementia dementia
  • psychotic states associated with dementia e.g. bulimia nervosa, etc.
  • eating disorders e.g. bulimia nervosa, etc.
  • attention deficit disorders e.g. Parkinson's disease,
  • the present invention relates to trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]- ethyl ⁇ -NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
  • the present invention relates to processes for the preparation of trans 4- ⁇ 2- [4-(2,3 -dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl ⁇ -N ⁇ -dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
  • the salts according to the invention can be prepared from the base form in the following manner: trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine base is dissolved or suspended in a suitable solvent or a mixture of solvents, then the desired acid, or a salt of the desired acid prepared by reaction of the acid with a base which is weaker base than trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- l-ylJ-emylJ-N ⁇ -dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine, or a solution thereof is added to the reaction mixture.
  • the salt form is isolated, (for example by concentrating the reaction mixture, or alternatively, by cooling the reaction mixture (with or without concentrating the mixture first) and isolating the resulting precipitate by filtration.
  • trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl]-ethyl ⁇ -NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine is added to a mixture of methanol/water, then hydrochloric acid in 20-30 % excess of the stochiometric amount is added The reaction mixture then is heated to afford a homogenous solution and, after cooling, the product is isolated by filtration.
  • the salts of traws-4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexyl-amine according to the invention exhibit excellent stability when stored as aqueous solutions.
  • the monohydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts of trans- ⁇ - ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexyl-amine also exhibit excellent stability when stored as in the solid state.
  • the salts according to the invention can be well isolated and recovered in high purity also at industrial scale. Owing to their excellent stability, isolability, and purity properties the salts according to the invention are highly valuable for pharmaceutical use.
  • the hydrochloride salt is particularly preferred, as it may be prepared in the highest yield and highest purity. Another advantage of the monohydrochloride salt that it can readily be prepared using standard solvents and reaction conditions..
  • the present invention relates to the use of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevent conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors, especially dopamine D 3 and/or D 2 receptors.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors, especially dopamine D 3 and/or D 2 receptors, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
  • Dysfunction of the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system can be observed in the pathology of several neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and the drug abuse.
  • the effect of dopamine is mediated via at least five distinct dopamine receptors belonging to D 1 -(Le. D 1 and D 5 ), or D 2 - (i.e. D 2 , D 3 and D 4 ) receptor families.
  • D 3 receptors have been shown to have characteristic distribution in the central dopaninergic systems. Namely, they were found in high densities in certain limbic structures, such as nucleus accumbens and islands of Calleya.
  • D 3 receptors may be a promising approach for more selective modulation of the dopaminerg functions and consequently offers successful therapeutic interventions in several abnormalities such as schizophrenia, emotional or cognitive dysfunctions (Sokoloff, P. et al: Nature, 1990, 347, 146; Schwartz, J.-C. et al.: Clin. Neuropharmacol., 1993, 16, 295; Levant, B.: Pharmacol. Rev., 1997, 49, 231), drug abuse (Pilla, C. et al: Nature, 1999, 400, 371) and Parkinson's disease (Levant, B. et al.: CNS Drugs, 1999, 12, 391) or pain (Levant, B. et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 2001, 303, 9).
  • the dopamine D 2 receptors are widely distributed in the brain and are known to be involved in numerous physiological functions and pathological states. Dopamine D 2 antagonists are for example used as antipsychotic agents. However, it is also well known that massive antagonism of the D 2 receptors leads to unwanted side effects, such as extrapyramidal motor symptoms, psychomotor sedation, or cognitive blunting. These side effects seriously restrict the therapeutic utilization of D2 antagonists (Wong A.H.C. et al.: Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2003, 27, 269.).
  • the present invention provides the use of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)- piperazine-l-ylJ-ethylJ-NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of conditions which require modulation of dopamine D 3 and/or dopamine D 2 receptors.
  • Such conditions which require modulation of dopamine D 3 and/or dopamine D 2 receptors are for example psychotic states (e.g.
  • schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, eating disorders (e.g. bulimia nervosa), attention deficit disorders, infantile hyperactivity disorders, anxiety, sexual functional disorders, sleeping disorder, emesis, aggression, autism and drug abuse.
  • dyskinetic disorders e.g. Parkinson's disease
  • neuroleptic induced parkinsonism e.g. Parkinson's disease
  • tardive dyskinesia e.g. bulimia nervosa
  • attention deficit disorders e.g. bulimia nervosa
  • infantile hyperactivity disorders anxiety, sexual functional disorders, sleeping disorder, emesis, aggression, autism and drug abuse.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating conditions which require modulation of dopamine D 3 and/or D 2 receptors, for example psychotic states (e.g. schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders), cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, eating disorders (e.g.
  • psychotic states e.g. schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders
  • cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia mild-to moderate cognitive deficits
  • dementia psychotic states associated with dementia
  • psychotic depression e.g. mania
  • paranoid and delusional disorders e.g. Parkinson's disease
  • dyskinetic disorders e.g. Parkinson's disease
  • neuroleptic induced parkinsonism e.g. Parkinson's disease
  • tardive dyskinesia e.g.
  • bulimia nervosa which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ - N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
  • a preferred use for D 3 /D 2 ligands with D 3 preference relates to the treatment of schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders), cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, depression, anxiety and drug abuse (e.g. cocaine, alcohol, nicotine abuse).
  • schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, depression, anxiety and drug abuse (e.g. cocaine, alcohol, nicotine abuse).
  • D 3 functional antagonism e.g. cognitive enhancer effect, inhibition of extrapyramidal motor symptoms, inhibitory action on drug abuse (and that of the D 2 functional antagonisms (e.g. antipsychotic effect).
  • D 2 functional antagonisms e.g. antipsychotic effect.
  • the same combination surprisingly results in cancelling the disadvantageous features of D 2 antagonism (e.g. extrapyramidal symptoms, psychomotor sedation and cognitive disturbances).
  • the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention are administered in the form of standard pharmaceutical compositions. Therefore, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl]-ethyl ⁇ -NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients.
  • the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention may be administered by any convenient method, for example by oral, parenteral, buccal, sublingual, rectal or transdermal administration and the pharmaceutical compositions are adapted accordingly.
  • trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ - N,N-dimethylcarbarnoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates can be formulated as liquids or solids, for example as syrups, suspensions, emulsions, tablets, capsules and lozenges.
  • a liquid formulation of the compounds of the present invention consists of a suspension or solution of the trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in a suitable liquid carrier(s), for example in an aqueous solvent such as water, ethanol or glycerol, or in a non-aqueous solvent, such as polyetileneglycol or an oil.
  • the formulation may also contain one or more suspending agents, preservative, flavouring or colouring agent.
  • a composition in the solid form of a tablet can be prepared using any suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s) routinely used for preparing solid formulations.
  • suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s) include magnesium stearate, starch, lactose, sucrose, cellulose, etc.
  • a composition in the solid form of a capsule can be prepared using routine encapsulation procedures.
  • pellets containing the active ingredient can be prepared using standard carriers and filed into a hard gelatine capsule; alternatively, a dispersion or suspension can be prepared using any suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s), for example aqueous gums, celluloses, silicates or oils and the dispersion or suspension then filled into a soft gelatine capsule.
  • Typical parenteral compositions consist of a solution or suspension of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4- (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in a sterile aqueous carrier or parenterally acceptable oil, for example polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, lecithin, arachis oil or sesame oil.
  • the solution can be lyophilised and then reconstituted with a suitable solvent just prior to administration.
  • compositions of the present invention for nasal administration containing the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates may conveniently be formulated as aerosols, drops, gels and powders.
  • Aerosol formulations of the present invention typically comprise a solution or fine suspension of trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts in a physiologically acceptable aqueous or non-aqueous solvent and are usually presented in a single quantity or multidose quantities in sterile sealed container, which can take the form of a cartridge or refill for use with an atomising device.
  • the sealed container may be an unitary dispersing device, such as a single dose nasal inhaler fitted with a metering valve or an aerosol spray which is intended for disposal once and dropped when the contents of the container have been exhausted.
  • the dosage form comprises an aerosol spray
  • it will contain a propellant which can be compressed gas, such as compressed air or an organic propellant, such as a fluorochlorohydrocarbon.
  • the aerosol spray dosage form can also take the form of a pump- atomiser.
  • compositions of the invention containing a salt according to the invention suitable for buccal or sublingual administration include tablets, lozenges and pastilles, wherein the active ingredient is formulated with a carrier, such as sugar and acacia, tragacanth, or gelatine and glycerol etc.
  • compositions which contain the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention for rectal administration are conveniently in the form of suppositories containing a conventional suppository base, such as cocoa butter.
  • compositions of the present invention containing the trans 4- ⁇ 2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl ⁇ -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention are preferably in a unit dose form, such as tablet, capsule or ampoule.
  • the suspension obtained was stirred at a temperature between 20-25 0 C for 2 hours and the product was isolated by filtration.
  • reaction mixture was stirred at a temperature between 60-75 0 C for 1 hour then 15-20 ml solvent was removed by distillation.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to a temperature between 20-30 0 C for 1 hour then further cooled to a temperature between 0-10 0 C and stirred for another 3 hours.
  • the compound was isolated by filtration and washed with water. hi this manner 43.6 g of title compound was obtained.
  • the homogenous solution thus obtained was cooled to a temperature between 20-30 0 C for 1 hour then was further cooled to a temperature between 0-10 0 C and stirred at tis temperature for 3 hours.
  • the product was isolated by filtration and washed with water. In this manner 152.9 g of title compound was obtained. Yield: 95 %. Melting point: 221-224 0 C.
  • Type of apparatus TA Instruments TGA Q50 Heating speed: 10°C/min Sample weight: ⁇ 5 - 10 mg Atmosphere: 60 ml/min N 2
  • Type of apparatus TA Instruments DSC QlO Heating speed: 10 °C/min Sample weight: ⁇ 1 -2 mg Pot type: opened Atmosphere: 50 ml/min N 2

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Abstract

The present invention relates to novel monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-1-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine and/or their hydrates and/or solvates. Moreover, the invention relates to the process for preparing the salts and their hydrates and/or solvates, to their use in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptor and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Description

NOVEL PIPERAZINE SALTS AS DVDi ANTAGONISTS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel salts of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)- piperazine-l-ylJ-ethylJ-NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine, to processes for their preparation to their use in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hungarian Patent Specification No. P0302451 discloses (thio)-carbamoyl-cyclohexane derivatives that are D3/D2 dopamin receptor subtype preferring ligands. One particular compound disclosed therein is trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}- NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine acts as dopamine receptor antagonist, particularly D3/D2 receptor antagonists and are useful in the treatment and prevention of pathological conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors.
It is a general requirement for pharmaceutical compositions that an active agent present in the composition exhibits suitable physical, physicochemical and chemical properties. One important property for the active agent is its solubility, particularly its solubility in water. When the active agent has insufficient solubility in water, the agent typically must be converted into a form which has the appropriate solubility properties, for example, a salt and/or a solvate of the active agent. However, in the case of salts and/or solvates , only pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or solvates of the active agent may be used in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.
Moreover, for successful industrial scale synthesis, the active agent must possess properties that make it easy to handle and produce on a large scale. In many cases, a crude active agent product is recovered from a reaction mixture by a complicated and often multi- step process, which can decrease yields and cause a substantial increase in production costs. Therefore, also for economic reasons, the active agent must be easy-to handle and readily isolable. The handling properties also have a considerable effect on the resulting purity of the active agent, which is one of the most important factors to be considered in the pharmaceutical industry. Another matter of great importance is the stability of the form of the active agent used. The durability of a pharmaceutical composition, which includes the stability of the active agent itself, is of great importance, especially for quality control purposes.
It is well known that these properties of an active agent may be improved by choosing an appropriate salt form thereof . However, selection of a suitable salt for a particular active agent is not always straightforward, since the properties of salts of different compounds formed with the same salt forming agent may differ greatly
The base form of the salts according to the invention, namely the trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine base is substantially insoluble in water. Therefore our aim was to provide a compound form of the trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine which meets all the above mentioned solubility, handling and stability requirements.
Brief description of the invention.
In the course of our experiments we have surprisingly found, that among the numerous salts described in the technical field the monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts exhibit excellent stability, isolability handling and solubility properties.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to novel monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleatese and methanesulphonate salts of trans 4-{2- [4-(2,3 -dichlorophenyty-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl } -N^N-dimethylcarbamoyl-c y clohexylamine and/or their hydrates and/or solvates, to processes for preparing them, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in the therapy and/or prevention of conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors, particularly D3ZD2 receptors. Conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptor are for example psychotic states (e.g. schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders, etc.), drug abuse (e.g. alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, opiate, etc. abuse), cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, eating disorders (e.g. bulimia nervosa, etc.), attention deficit disorders, infantile hyperactivity disorders, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease, neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia), anxiety disorders, sexual functional disorders, sleeping disorders, emesis, aggression, autism.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention relates to trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]- ethyl } -NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
Moreover, the present invention relates to processes for the preparation of trans 4-{2- [4-(2,3 -dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl } -N^-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
The salts according to the invention can be prepared from the base form in the following manner: trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine base is dissolved or suspended in a suitable solvent or a mixture of solvents, then the desired acid, or a salt of the desired acid prepared by reaction of the acid with a base which is weaker base than trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- l-ylJ-emylJ-N^-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine, or a solution thereof is added to the reaction mixture. Optionally, the salt form is isolated, (for example by concentrating the reaction mixture, or alternatively, by cooling the reaction mixture (with or without concentrating the mixture first) and isolating the resulting precipitate by filtration. In an exemplary preparation of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl]-ethyl } -NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine is added to a mixture of methanol/water, then hydrochloric acid in 20-30 % excess of the stochiometric amount is added The reaction mixture then is heated to afford a homogenous solution and, after cooling, the product is isolated by filtration.
The salts of traws-4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexyl-amine according to the invention exhibit excellent stability when stored as aqueous solutions. The monohydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts of trans-Λ- {2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl } -N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexyl-amine also exhibit excellent stability when stored as in the solid state.
The salts according to the invention can be well isolated and recovered in high purity also at industrial scale. Owing to their excellent stability, isolability, and purity properties the salts according to the invention are highly valuable for pharmaceutical use. The hydrochloride salt is particularly preferred, as it may be prepared in the highest yield and highest purity. Another advantage of the monohydrochloride salt that it can readily be prepared using standard solvents and reaction conditions..
In another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevent conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors, especially dopamine D3 and/or D2 receptors.
In a still another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating conditions which require modulation of dopamine receptors, especially dopamine D3 and/or D2 receptors, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
Dysfunction of the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system can be observed in the pathology of several neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and the drug abuse. The effect of dopamine is mediated via at least five distinct dopamine receptors belonging to D1-(Le. D1 and D5), or D2- (i.e. D2, D3 and D4) receptor families. D3 receptors have been shown to have characteristic distribution in the central dopaninergic systems. Namely, they were found in high densities in certain limbic structures, such as nucleus accumbens and islands of Calleya. Therefore, selective modulation of D3 receptors may be a promising approach for more selective modulation of the dopaminerg functions and consequently offers successful therapeutic interventions in several abnormalities such as schizophrenia, emotional or cognitive dysfunctions (Sokoloff, P. et al: Nature, 1990, 347, 146; Schwartz, J.-C. et al.: Clin. Neuropharmacol., 1993, 16, 295; Levant, B.: Pharmacol. Rev., 1997, 49, 231), drug abuse (Pilla, C. et al: Nature, 1999, 400, 371) and Parkinson's disease (Levant, B. et al.: CNS Drugs, 1999, 12, 391) or pain (Levant, B. et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 2001, 303, 9).
The dopamine D2 receptors are widely distributed in the brain and are known to be involved in numerous physiological functions and pathological states. Dopamine D2 antagonists are for example used as antipsychotic agents. However, it is also well known that massive antagonism of the D2 receptors leads to unwanted side effects, such as extrapyramidal motor symptoms, psychomotor sedation, or cognitive blunting. These side effects seriously restrict the therapeutic utilization of D2 antagonists (Wong A.H.C. et al.: Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2003, 27, 269.).
The present invention provides the use of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)- piperazine-l-ylJ-ethylJ-NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of conditions which require modulation of dopamine D3 and/or dopamine D2 receptors. Such conditions which require modulation of dopamine D3 and/or dopamine D2 receptors are for example psychotic states (e.g. schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders), cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, eating disorders (e.g. bulimia nervosa), attention deficit disorders, infantile hyperactivity disorders, anxiety, sexual functional disorders, sleeping disorder, emesis, aggression, autism and drug abuse.
In another aspect the present invention provides a method of treating conditions which require modulation of dopamine D3 and/or D2 receptors, for example psychotic states (e.g. schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders), cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, eating disorders (e.g. bulimia nervosa), attention deficit disorders, infantile hyperactivity disorders, depression, anxiety, sexual functional disorders, sleeping disorders, emesis, aggression, autism and drug abuse, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}- N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates.
A preferred use for D3/D2 ligands with D3 preference according to the present invention relates to the treatment of schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders), cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease), neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, depression, anxiety and drug abuse (e.g. cocaine, alcohol, nicotine abuse).
The particular combination of the two receptor-actions described above allows the simultaneous manifestations of the actions of D3 functional antagonism (e.g. cognitive enhancer effect, inhibition of extrapyramidal motor symptoms, inhibitory action on drug abuse (and that of the D2 functional antagonisms (e.g. antipsychotic effect). Furthermore, the same combination surprisingly results in cancelling the disadvantageous features of D2 antagonism (e.g. extrapyramidal symptoms, psychomotor sedation and cognitive disturbances).
For use in medicine the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention are administered in the form of standard pharmaceutical compositions. Therefore, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl]-ethyl} -NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients.
The salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention may be administered by any convenient method, for example by oral, parenteral, buccal, sublingual, rectal or transdermal administration and the pharmaceutical compositions are adapted accordingly.
For oral administration trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}- N,N-dimethylcarbarnoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates can be formulated as liquids or solids, for example as syrups, suspensions, emulsions, tablets, capsules and lozenges.
A liquid formulation of the compounds of the present invention consists of a suspension or solution of the trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in a suitable liquid carrier(s), for example in an aqueous solvent such as water, ethanol or glycerol, or in a non-aqueous solvent, such as polyetileneglycol or an oil. The formulation may also contain one or more suspending agents, preservative, flavouring or colouring agent.
A composition in the solid form of a tablet can be prepared using any suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s) routinely used for preparing solid formulations. Examples of such carriers include magnesium stearate, starch, lactose, sucrose, cellulose, etc.
A composition in the solid form of a capsule can be prepared using routine encapsulation procedures. For example, pellets containing the active ingredient can be prepared using standard carriers and filed into a hard gelatine capsule; alternatively, a dispersion or suspension can be prepared using any suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s), for example aqueous gums, celluloses, silicates or oils and the dispersion or suspension then filled into a soft gelatine capsule.
Typical parenteral compositions consist of a solution or suspension of trans 4-{2-[4- (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates in a sterile aqueous carrier or parenterally acceptable oil, for example polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, lecithin, arachis oil or sesame oil. Alternatively, the solution can be lyophilised and then reconstituted with a suitable solvent just prior to administration.
Compositions of the present invention for nasal administration containing the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates may conveniently be formulated as aerosols, drops, gels and powders. Aerosol formulations of the present invention typically comprise a solution or fine suspension of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts in a physiologically acceptable aqueous or non-aqueous solvent and are usually presented in a single quantity or multidose quantities in sterile sealed container, which can take the form of a cartridge or refill for use with an atomising device. Alternatively, the sealed container may be an unitary dispersing device, such as a single dose nasal inhaler fitted with a metering valve or an aerosol spray which is intended for disposal once and dropped when the contents of the container have been exhausted. When the dosage form comprises an aerosol spray, it will contain a propellant which can be compressed gas, such as compressed air or an organic propellant, such as a fluorochlorohydrocarbon. The aerosol spray dosage form can also take the form of a pump- atomiser. Compositions of the invention containing a salt according to the invention suitable for buccal or sublingual administration include tablets, lozenges and pastilles, wherein the active ingredient is formulated with a carrier, such as sugar and acacia, tragacanth, or gelatine and glycerol etc.
Compositions which contain the salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention for rectal administration are conveniently in the form of suppositories containing a conventional suppository base, such as cocoa butter.
Compositions of the present invention containing the monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts of trans 4- {2- [4- (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention for transdermal administration include ointments, gels and patches.
Compositions of the present invention containing the trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride, dihydrochloride, monohydrobromide, maleate and methanesulphonate salts and/or their hydrates and/or solvates according to the invention are preferably in a unit dose form, such as tablet, capsule or ampoule.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples. While the invention has been depicted and described by reference to exemplary embodiments of the invention, such a reference does not imply a limitation on the invention, and no such limitation is to be inferred. The invention is capable of considerable modification, alteration, and equivalents in form and function, as will occur to those ordinarily skilled in the pertinent arts having the benefit of this disclosure. The depicted and described embodiments of the invention are exemplary only, and are not exhaustive of the scope of the invention. Consequently, the invention is intended to be limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims, giving fiill cognizance to equivalence in all respects.
Example 1
Trans 4-(2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl'|-ethvU-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cvclohexylamine methanesulfonate
3.0 g (0.007 mol) of trans 4- (2-r4-(2.3-dichlorophenvn-piperazine- 1 -yll -ethyl ) -N.N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cvclohexylamine and 0.46 ml (0.007 mol) of methanesulfonic acid were mixed in a mixture of 10 ml methanol and 80 ml acetonitrile. The reaction mixture was heated to boiling temperature and the homogenous solution obtained was concentrated to 25 ml by distillation. The resulting suspension was then stirred at a temperature between 0-50C for 2 hours and the product was isolated by filtration.
In this manner 3.1 g of title compound was obtained.
Yield: 84 %.
Melting point: 225-229 0C.
Example 2
Trans 4-{2-|"4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl1-ethvU-N.N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cvclohexylamine maleate
3.0 g (0.007 mol) of trans 4-(2-r4-(23-dicMorophenylVpiperazine-l-yl>ethyll-N.N- dimethylcarbarnoyl-cvclohexylamin and 0.83 g (0.007 mol) of maleic acid were suspended in 150 ml of acetone. The reaction mixture was heated to boiling temperature and stirred for half an hour then concentrated to 25 ml by distillation. The resulting suspension was stirred at a temperature between 0-5 0C for 2 hours and the product obtained was isolated by filtration. In this manner 3.14 g of title compound was obtained. Yield: 82 %. Melting point: 173-177 0C. Example 3.
Trans 4-(2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-vn-ethyl|-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine monohydrobromide
3.0 g (0.007 mol) of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine was suspended in a mixture of 12 ml of methanol and
38 ml (1,5 %) of hydrogenbromide solution. The reaction mixture was heated to boiling temperature and the homogenous solution obtained was cooled to a temperature between 0-5
0C for 1 hour and was further stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. The product obtained was isolated by filtration.
In this manner 3.0 g of title compound was obtained.
Yield: 85 %.
Melting point: 248-2520C.
Example 4.
Trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl')-piperazine-l-yl1-ethvU-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine dihydrochloride
3.0 g (0.007 mol) of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-ρiρerazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine was suspended in 70 ml (20.5 g/100 ml) of anhydrous methanol saturated with hydrogenchloride. The reaction mixture was heated to boiling temperature and the resulting homogenous solution was concentrated to 25 ml by distillation.
The suspension obtained was stirred at a temperature between 20-250C for 2 hours and the product was isolated by filtration.
In this manner 3.0 g of title compound was obtained.
Yield: 85 %.
Melting point: 216-220 0C.
Example 5.
Trans 4- {2-r4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl"|-ethvU -KN-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride 42.75 g (0.1 mol) of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine was suspended in a mixture of 90 ml methanol and 350 ml of distilled water. A solution of 10.7 g (0.2 mol) of ammonium chloride in 50 ml of water was then added. The reaction mixture was stirred at a temperature between 60-750C for 1 hour then 15-20 ml solvent was removed by distillation. The reaction mixture was cooled to a temperature between 20-30 0C for 1 hour then further cooled to a temperature between 0-100C and stirred for another 3 hours. The compound was isolated by filtration and washed with water. hi this manner 43.6 g of title compound was obtained.
Yield: 94 %.
Melting point: 221-224 0C.
Example 6.
Trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenylVpipera2ine-l-yl1-ethvU-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cvclohexylamine monohvdrochloride
147.5 g (0.345 mol) of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine was suspended in a mixture of 300 ml of methanol and 1200 ml of distilled water. The reaction mixture was heated to a temperature between 60-750C and a mixture of 40 ml (30%) of aqueous hydrogenchloride solution and 32 ml of water was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at a temperature between 60-750C. The homogenous solution thus obtained was cooled to a temperature between 20-300C for 1 hour then was further cooled to a temperature between 0-100C and stirred at tis temperature for 3 hours. The product was isolated by filtration and washed with water. In this manner 152.9 g of title compound was obtained. Yield: 95 %. Melting point: 221-224 0C.
The characterization of trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}- NjN-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride was carried out by thermogravimetric (TG), differential scanning colorimetric (DSC), infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopic (FT-Raman) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) solid phase analytical methods.
On the basis of TG and DSC measurements the trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride salt was identified as a solvent-free and anhydrous form, which exhibits satisfactory thermal stability up to about 200°. After further heating trans 4-{2-[4- (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride salt melts above 220°C with accompanying simultaneously vigorous thermal decomposition and high weight loss, as it can be seen on the thermograms (Figures 4 and 5). The trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride anhydrate polymorph Form I prepared according to the invention and its crystal structure can be fully identified and characterized by IR and Raman spectra and powder X-ray diffraction patterns (Figures 1 , 2, and 3).
Parameters for solid phase analytical methods used are as follows.
FT-IR spectroscopy
Type of apparatus: Thermo-Nicolet 6700
Phase (solvent): KBr
Spectral resolution 4 cm"1
Scan-number: 100
FT-Raman spectroscopy
Type of apparatus: Thermo-Nicolet NXR9650
Measuring range: 3500 - 200 cm"1
Spectral resolution: 4 cm"1
Scan-number: 128
Laser performance: 300 mW
Powder X-ray diffraction
Type of apparatus: P ANanalytical X'Pert PRO
Radiation: CuK0 Accelerating potential: 4O kV
Anode current: 4O mA
Goniometer: PW3050/60
Exposure speed: 0,208 °2θ/s
Sample container: Spinner PW3064
Rotational speed of sample container: 1 turn/s
Uncertainty of 2Θ measurement: ± 0,2°
TG analysis
Type of apparatus: TA Instruments TGA Q50 Heating speed: 10°C/min Sample weight: ~ 5 - 10 mg Atmosphere: 60 ml/min N2
DSC analysis
Type of apparatus: TA Instruments DSC QlO Heating speed: 10 °C/min Sample weight: ~1 -2 mg Pot type: opened Atmosphere: 50 ml/min N2

Claims

Claims
1. Trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride and/or hydrates and/or solvates thereof.
2. Trans 4- {2-[4-(2,3 -dichlorophenyty-piperazine- 1 -yl]-ethyl } -N5N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrochloride and/or hydrates and/or solvates thereof.
3. Trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine monohydrobromide and/or hydrates and/or solvates thereof.
4. Trans 4- {2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine- 1 -yl] -ethyl} -N5N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine maleate and/or hydrates and/or solvates thereof
5. Trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine methanesulphonate and/or hydrates and/or solvates thereof.
6. Process for the preparation of compounds of claim 1-5 characterized by that trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine base is suspended or dissolved in an appropriate solvent or mixture of solvents then an acid, or a salt thereof prepared with a base which is weaker base than the trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl- cyclohexylamine, or a solution thereof is added, and optionally the reaction mixture is concentrated and/or cooled then the product obtained is isolated by filtration.
7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1-5 and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable ingredient(s).
8. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1-5 and/or hydrates and/or solvates thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of conditions, which require modulation of a dopamine receptor.
9. The use according to claim 8 wherein the dopamine receptor is dopamine D3 and/or dopamine D2 receptor.
10. The use according to claim 8 wherein the condition which requires modulation of dopamine receptor is selected from schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders, cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease, neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, depression, anxiety and drug abuse.
11. A method of treating and/or preventing conditions which require modulation of a dopamine receptor comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound according to any one of claims 1-5.
12. The method according to claim 11 wherein the dopamine receptor is a dopamine D3 and/or dopamine D2 receptor.
13. The method according to claim 11 wherein the condition is selected from schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorders, cognitive impairment accompanying schizophrenia, mild-to moderate cognitive deficits, dementia, psychotic states associated with dementia, psychotic depression, mania, paranoid and delusional disorders, dyskinetic disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease, neuroleptic induced parkinsonism, depression, anxiety and drug abuse.
14. Crystalline trans 4-{2-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-piperazine-l-yl]-ethyl}-N,N- dimethylcarbamoyl-cyclohexylamine hydrochloride anhydrate (Form I).
15. The crystalline form of claim 14 wherein the infrared spectrum comprises characteristic peaks at about 3321, about 2931, about 2914, about 2466, about 1652, about 1526, about 956, about 784 and about 715 cm"1 ± 4 cm"1.
16. The crystalline form of claim 14 having an infrared spectrum substantially as depicted in Figure 1.
17. The crystalline form of claim 14, wherein the Raman spectrum comprises characteristic peaks at about 3070, about 2986, about 2969, about 2933, about 2914, about 2864, about 2850, about 1578, about 1458, about 1052, and about 475 cm"1 ± 4 cm"1.
18. The crystalline form of claim 14 having a Raman spectrum substantially as depicted in Figure 2.
19. The crystalline form of claim 14, wherein the powder X-ray diffraction pattern comprises peaks at about 6.6, about 7.3, about 13.2, about 14.2, about 14.6, about 16.9, about 21.1, about 22.4, about 24.8, about 26.5 and about 26.6° ± 0.2 degrees 2Θ.
20. The crystalline form of claim 2 having a powder X-ray diffraction pattern substantionally as depicted in Figure 3.
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EP08750834.7A EP2155696B1 (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-13 Piperazine salts as d3/d2 antagonists
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CN2008800156277A CN101679315B (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-13 As D3/D2Piperazine salts of antagonists
NZ580642A NZ580642A (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-13 Novel piperazine salts as d3/d2 antagonists
AU2008249772A AU2008249772B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-13 Novel piperazine salts as D3/D2 antagonists
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ES08750834.7T ES2628025T3 (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-13 Piperazine salts as D3 / D2 antagonists
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BRPI0811199-5A2A BRPI0811199A2 (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-13 NEW PIPERAZINE SALTS AS D3 / D2 ANTAGONISTS
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