WO2002020039A2 - Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen antikörpern zur behandlung von malignem aszites - Google Patents
Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen antikörpern zur behandlung von malignem aszites Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002020039A2 WO2002020039A2 PCT/EP2001/010184 EP0110184W WO0220039A2 WO 2002020039 A2 WO2002020039 A2 WO 2002020039A2 EP 0110184 W EP0110184 W EP 0110184W WO 0220039 A2 WO0220039 A2 WO 0220039A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2803—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the immunoglobulin superfamily
- C07K16/2809—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the immunoglobulin superfamily against the T-cell receptor (TcR)-CD3 complex
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
- A61K39/39558—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against tumor tissues, cells, antigens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/30—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants from tumour cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/32—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against translation products of oncogenes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
- A61K2039/515—Animal cells
- A61K2039/5152—Tumor cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
- C07K2317/31—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency multispecific
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of a trifunctional bispecific antibody and / or trispecific containing pharmaceutical preparation for destroying the tumor cells which are associated with malignant ascites and / or a pleural effusion in order to treat malignant ascites and a pleural effusion.
- Malignant ascites can be caused by a number of primary tumors such as Breast cancer, ovarian cancer or gastrointestinal cancer can be caused. Although ascites is detected in the first manifestation of a tumor in a high percentage of patients, it is a sign of an advanced disease.
- the situation is similar in the case of pleural effusion induced by tumor cells.
- the pleural effusion is a fluid accumulation in the pectoral cavity and can form again after the puncture. Since one of the causes of the pleural effusion is the presence of tumor cells in this compartment, the destruction of the tumor cells is an essential prerequisite for preventing the new formation of the pleural effusion.
- This means that the problem and the associated solution approaches are very similar for malignant ascites and pleural effusion based on tumor cells. It is an object of the invention to provide a new agent for the treatment of malignant ascites and for the treatment of a pleural effusion which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular offers a noticeable relief to the patient.
- a pharmaceutical preparation which contains a trifunctional bispecific and / or trispecific antibody with the following properties: a) binds to a T cell; b) binds to at least one antigen on a tumor cell associated with malignant ascites and / or pleural effusion; c) binds to Fc receptor positive cells by its Fc part (in the case of bispecific antibodies) or by a third specificity (in the case of trispecific antibodies)
- Figure 1 Elimination of EpCAM + tumor cells and proliferation of immune cells in ascites under BSA therapy
- Figure 2 FACS analysis of tumor cells for surface antigens
- Figure 3 Destruction of residual tumor cells after CD3 x EpCAM treatment using RT-PCR
- Figure 4 Evidence of EpCAM positive tumor cells from the ascites fluid in flow cytometry in the course of antibody therapy
- Figure 5 Decrease in ascites fluid formation during therapy with the antibodies REMOVAB (anti EpCAM x anti CD3) and REXOMAB (anti Her2 / new x anti CD3).
- Trifunctional bispecific and trispecific antibodies and various areas of application of these antibodies belong to the prior art.
- This prior art describes the use of bispecific and trispecific antibodies with the three features a, b and c for immunization against tumors;
- a direct treatment option for the tumors by destroying the tumor cells, which goes beyond induction of immunity, is not described in these documents.
- the pharmaceutical preparation is designed in such a way that it achieves at least a primary immunization by destroying the tumor cells.
- the pharmaceutical preparation which contains the trifunctional antibodies described in more detail below, is administered in several doses.
- the first dose is chosen so that a foreign protein reaction of the patient against the administered antibody is tested.
- the second dose is preferably chosen so that the patient's immune cells are activated and proliferate.
- a third dose and further doses are chosen so that they lead in particular to the destruction of the tumor cells.
- the first dose is administered in an amount of 1 to 20 ⁇ g, preferably 5 to 10 ⁇ g, of the antibody in order to test allergic reactions.
- the second dose is administered in an amount of 20 to 80 ⁇ g, preferably up to 100 ⁇ g, further preferably 30 to 60 ⁇ g of antibody.
- the third dose and each further dose are administered in an amount of more than 80 ⁇ g, preferably 100 to 500 ⁇ g, further preferably 100 to 300 ⁇ g of the antibody. It goes without saying for a specialist that these quantities are indicative and can vary from patient to patient and from antibody to antibody. However, it is part of the medical specialist's knowledge to select the amount of antibody to be used individually.
- the number of applications is preferably 3 to 8, preferably 3 to 6, times a dose.
- the administration takes place at certain time intervals, in particular 48 to 72 hours being selected.
- a period of 2-3 days plus minus several hours is preferably selected between the individual applications.
- the applications are preferably continued over a period of 12-14 days.
- the period of time is chosen so that further antibody doses are no longer administered when the first immune reactions against the antibody protein occur.
- the HAMA human anti mouse antibody
- apheresis is a collection of blood cells which in particular contains no erythrocytes. In particular, it contains T cells, macrophages, monocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, granulocytes and B cells.
- the apheresis product must be obtained in particular before the first chemotherapy in order to ensure the integrity of the immune cells, which are practically always affected by the chemotherapeutic agents.
- the patient is not only treated with the trifunctional bispecific and / or trispecific antibodies, but in addition receives inactivated autologous and / or allogeneic tumor cells and autologous immune cells as part of the secondary immunization.
- the autologous immune cells are preferably T-lymphocytes and accessory cells, for example monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. These are, for example, in PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells), which are obtained, for example, from heparinized blood via Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. However, it is also possible to use sub-fractions, for example only the T lymphocytes and dendritic cells or macrophages etc.
- the autologous immune cells are the apheresis cells, which together with the antibody and the inactivated autologous or allogeneic tumor cells can be used mixed.
- the amount of tumor cells administered is selected in a suitable manner.
- an insufficient number of tumor cells does not bring about the desired immunization success.
- An excessive amount of tumor material in turn, can have an adverse effect, since tolerance phenomena can occur, for example. If these results are transferred to the situation in the patient, this means that it is advantageous for the immunization success to administer a defined amount of tumor material in the correct spatial context with a likewise defined amount of antibodies.
- An immunization success occurs even if one of these parameters has not been optimized; Particularly good results are achieved, however, if both the amounts of the antibody and the amount of tumor material and the spatial context have been coordinated and optimized.
- the tumor cells are preferably administered in an amount of 10 5 to 10 8 cells per application, a cell count of approximately 10 7 having been found to be preferred.
- the tumor cells were treated before the reapplication in such a way that their survival after the reapplication is prevented, and they can optionally also be subjected to a heat pretreatment.
- the tumor cells are obtained from the tumor material of the patient to be treated.
- the tumor material is processed, for example by enzymatic treatment, preferably by collagenase treatment, to give a single cell suspension. It is important that the tumor cells are as undamaged as possible. Lysates of the tumor cells have proven to be unsuitable.
- the tumor cells are treated in such a way that survival of the tumor cells in the patient is excluded.
- the tumor cells are therefore treated in a manner known per se, for example by radiation or by treatment with chemical agents.
- the treatment in particular, should also leave the external structure of the tumor cell unchanged, so that the recognition pattern for the antibodies is retained.
- ⁇ -irradiation is preferably used for the irradiation, which is preferably carried out with a dose of 20 to 200 Gy.
- Mitomycin C has proven particularly useful for chemical treatment.
- a further improvement in the immunogenicity of the tumor cells can be achieved by subjecting them to a heat pretreatment before infusion.
- the temperature is in a range from approximately 40 to 45 ° C., a range from 41 to 42 ° C. being preferred.
- the optimum can be determined by tests. Preferred results are achieved in particular at a temperature of approximately 41.8 ° C.
- the period for the heat pretreatment is generally 1 to 6 hours, preferably about 3 hours. Both the time period and the temperature that are optimally used also depend on the type of tumor to be treated. The respective optima can be determined by a person skilled in the art on the basis of experiments.
- the administration of the individual doses is generally carried out in such a way that to achieve primary immunization, i.e. H. to destroy the tumor cells, an intraperitoneal form of application is selected in which the antibodies are infused into the patient.
- the doses for secondary brain ammunition are generally administered by topical application, for example intradermally, subcutaneously or intramuscularly. But it can also be done intraperitoneally or intravenously.
- the inactivated autologous and / or allogeneic tumor cells and the autologous immune cells are preferably used: a) 1-200 x 10 6 inactivated tumor cells, preferably 10-100 x 10 6 inactivated tumor cells b) 10-500 x 10 6 immune cells, preferably 50-200 x 10 6 immune cells c ) 1-10 ⁇ g trifunctional bispecific antibodies or trispecific antibodies, preferably 2-5 ⁇ g antibodies.
- the pharmaceutical preparation provided according to the invention is, for example, in an isotonic saline solution.
- Other components can be, for example, stabilizing agents such as Tween 80 or buffer solutions.
- Intact trifunctional bispecific and / or trispecific antibodies are preferably used for the treatment.
- the treatment not only achieves the surprising direct destruction of the tumor cells described above, but also induces immunity to the tumor to be treated.
- “Intact antibodies” are to be understood as those which have a functional Fc part. These are preferably heterologous antibodies, i.e. they are composed of heavy immunoglobulin chains of different subclasses (combinations, also fragments) and / or origin (species).
- the antibodies used in preferred embodiments of the invention also have the further features d and e: d) activates the Fc receptor positive cell by binding to the Fc receptor positive cell, thereby Expression of cytokines and / or of costimulatory antigens is initiated or increased; e) the costimulatory antigens and / or cytokines transmit to the T cell at least a second activation signal which is required for a physiological activation of the T cell, this activation being found in the upregulation of activation markers, the destruction of the tumor cell and / or in a proliferation of the T cell.
- the invention is described below in particular using the example of bispecific antibodies. The results can also be achieved with trispecific antibodies.
- the antibodies which can be used according to the invention are capable of activating the Fc receptor positive cell, which initiates or increases the expression of cytokines and or costimulatory antigens.
- the binding to the Fc receptor positive cells is preferably carried out, for example, via the Fc receptor from Fc receptor positive cells or also via other antigens on Fc receptor positive cells (antigen presenting cells), such as e.g. the mannose receptor.
- tumor immunity preferably long-term tumor immunity
- MRD tumor residual disease situation
- heterologous bispecific and / or trispecific antibodies which can be used according to the invention are known per se. For example, they are described in Lindhofer et al., Blood, 88: 4651, 1996 or Lindhofer et al., J. nmunology, 155: 219, 1995.
- MHC 1 is upregulated on the tumor cell and the intracellular processing machinery (proteasome complex) is activated due to the release of cytokines (such as LNF- ⁇ and TNF- ⁇ ) in the immediate vicinity of the tumor cell.
- cytokines such as LNF- ⁇ and TNF- ⁇
- the cytokines are released due to bispecific antibody-mediated activation of T cells and accessory cells. This means that the intact bsAk not only destroys or phagocytizes tumor cells, but also indirectly increases their tumor immunogenicity.
- the activation of the Fc receptor positive cell by the bsAk depends on the subclass or the subclass combination of the bsAk.
- bsAk of the mouse-IgG2a / rat-IgG2b subclass combination are able to bind positive cells to the Fc receptor and to activate them at the same time, which leads to upregulation or new formation (expression) of costimulatory antigens, such as CD40, CD80 or CD86, on the cell surface of these cells (Zeidler et al., J. Immunol., 163: 1246, 1999).
- costimulatory antigens such as CD40, CD80 or CD86
- bsAk of the mouse-IgGl / RatteIgG2b subclass combination are able to bind positive cells to Fc receptor (Haagen et al., J. Immunology, 1995, 154: 1852-1860), but apparently they cannot activate them to a comparable extent (Gast et al., Cancer Immunol. Immuntherap., 1995, 40: 390).
- bsAk While the intact bsAk binds the T cell with a binding arm (e.g. to CD3 or CD2) and simultaneously activates it, costimulatory signals can be transmitted from the Fc receptor positive cell bound to the Fc part of the bsAk to the T cell. That Only the combination of activation of the T cell via a binding arm of the bsAk and the simultaneous transmission of costimulatory signals from the Fc receptor positive cell to the T cell leads to an efficient T cell activation. Tumor-specific T cells that have been insufficiently activated on the tumor cell and are anergic can also be reactivated after the treatment according to the invention with intact bispecific antibodies or trispecific antibodies.
- a binding arm e.g. to CD3 or CD2
- Tumor-specific CD4 cells Another important aspect in inducing tumor immunity is the possible phagocytosis, processing and presentation of tumor components by the accessory cells brought up and activated by the bsAk (monocytes / macrophages, or dendritic cells). This classic mechanism for the presentation of antigens can be used to generate both tumor-specific CD4 and CD8 positive cells. Tumor-specific CD4 cells also play an important role in inducing a humoral immune response in connection with T-B cell cooperation.
- Bispecific and trispecific antibodies can bind to the T cell receptor complex of the T cell with one binding arm and to tumor-associated antigens on the tumor cell with the second binding arm. They activate T cells by releasing them of cytokines or apoptosis-mediating mechanisms that destroy tumor cells.
- T-cells recognize tumor-specific antigens via their receptor as part of the activation with bispecific antibodies, thereby inducing permanent immunization.
- the intact Fc part of the bispecific or Uspecific antibody which mediates the binding to accessory cells such as monocytes / macrophages and dendritic cells and which causes them to become cytotoxic and / or at the same time important costimulatory signals to the T cell pass. In this way, a T cell response can obviously also be induced against previously unknown, tumor-specific peptides.
- TTLs cytotoxic T cells
- the antibodies used according to the invention are preferably capable of reactivating tumor-specific T cells which are in anergy. Furthermore, they are able to induce tumor-reactive complement-binding antibodies and thus to induce a humoral immune response.
- the binding is preferably via CD3, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD6, CD8, CD28, CD40L and / or CD44 to the T cell.
- the Fc receptor positive cells have at least one Fc ⁇ receptor type I or ⁇ i.
- Antibodies which can be used according to the invention are capable of binding to monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, "natural killer” cells (NK cells) and / or activated neutrophils as Fc ⁇ receptor I and / or in positive cells (Zeidler, 1999, Zeidler 2000 supra).
- the antibodies which can be used according to the invention have the effect that the expression of CD40, CD80, CD86, ICAM-1 and / or LFA-3 as costimulatory antigens and / or the secretion of cytokines by the Fc receptor positive cell is initiated or increased.
- the cytokines are preferably IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, INF- ⁇ and / or TNF- ⁇ .
- bispecific antibodies which can be used according to the invention are, for example:
- the trispecific antibodies which can be used according to the invention are preferred:
- the trispecific antibodies which can be used according to the invention have at least one T cell binding arm, one tumor cell binding arm and one binding arm binding to Fc receptor.
- This latter binding arm can be an anti-Fc receptor binding arm or a mannose receptor binding arm.
- the bispecific antibody is preferably a heterologous intact rat / mouse bispecific antibody.
- T cells are activated and redi-fied against the tumor cells.
- Preferred heterologous intact bispecific antibodies are selected from one or more of the following isotype combinations:
- Rat-IgG2b / human-IgG2 Rat-IgG2b / human-IgG2,
- the antibodies which can be used according to the invention are preferably monoclonal, chimeric, recombinant, synthetic, semisynthetic or chemically modified intact antibodies with, for example, Fv, Fab, scFv or F (ab) 2 fragments.
- Antibodies or derivatives or fragments from humans are preferably used or those which are modified in such a way that they are suitable for use in humans (so-called "humanized antibodies”) (see, for example, Shalaby et al., J. Exp. Med. 175 ( 1992), 217; Mocikat et al., Transplantation 57 (1994), 405).
- the person skilled in the art is familiar with the production of the various antibody types and fragments mentioned above.
- the production of monoclonal antibodies, which originate preferably in mammals, e.g. Human, rat, mouse, rabbit or goat can be done using conventional methods such as those described in e.g. in Köhler and Milstein (Nature 256 (1975), 495), in Harlow and Lane (Antibodies, A Laboratory Manual (1988), Cold Spring Harbor) or in Galfre (Meth. Enzymol. 73 (1981), 3) or DE 195 31 346 are described.
- bispecific antibodies The production of antibodies with two different specificities, the so-called bispecific antibodies, is possible on the one hand by using recombinant DNA technology, but also by the so-called hybrid-hybridoma fusion technique (see, for example, Milstein et al., Nature 305 (1983), 537 ). Hybridoma cell lines that produce antibodies with one of the desired specificities are fused and cell clones (quadroms) are identified and isolated that produce antibodies with both specificities.
- bispecific and trispecific Antiköiper belongs to the state of the art, and full reference is made here to the literature describing such production techniques.
- the production of antibodies with three specificities, so-called trispecific antibodies, by means of which the problem on which the invention is based can also be solved, can be carried out, for example, in such a way that a third antigen binding site with a further specificity, e.g., to one of the heavy Ig chains of a bispecific antibody. in the form of a "single chain variable fragment" (scFv).
- the scFv can, for example, use a
- trispecific F (ab) 2 constructs can be produced by replacing the CH2-CH3 regions of the heavy chain of a specificity of a bispecific antibody with an scFv with a third specificity, while the CH2-CH3 regions of the heavy chain of the other specificity, for example by incorporating a stop codon (at the end of the "hinge” region) into the coding gene, for example by means of homologous recombination.
- bispecific antibodies are used, for example.
- Intact bispecific antibodies are composed of two antibody half-molecules (one H- and one L-immunoglobulin chain), each representing a specificity, and, like normal antibodies, also have an Fc part with the known effector functions. They are preferably manufactured using Quadrom technology. This manufacturing process is described by way of example in DE-A-44 19 399. Reference is made in full to this document, also with regard to a definition of the bispecific antibodies, for complete disclosure. Of course, too other manufacturing processes can be used as long as they lead to the intact bispecific antibodies of the above definition which are necessary according to the invention.
- bispecific antibodies can be produced in sufficient quantities in a newly developed manufacturing process (Lindhofer et al., J. Immunology 1995, 155: 219).
- the combination of 2 bispecific antibodies against 2 different tumor-associated antigens (e.g. c-erb-B2, and EpCAM) on the breast cancer cells minimizes the risk that tumor cells that only express one antigen remain undetected.
- bsF (ab ') 2 fragments are:
- Fc receptor can bind positive cells to intact bsAk and, on the one hand, directly contribute to tumor destruction via ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) and, on the other hand, as explained in more detail above, to T cell activation.
- ADCC antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
- anergized tumor-specific T cells are also introduced to the tumor cell, which according to the invention can be reactivated directly on the tumor. This cannot be achieved by a bsF (ab ') 2 fragment with the specificities of anti-CD64X anti-tumor associated antigen.
- Binding the bsAk to Fc ⁇ -RI has two major advantages with regard to optimal anti-tumor activity:
- Fc ⁇ -RI positive cells have the ability to eliminate tumor cells by means of ADCC and can therefore contribute synergistically to the anti-tumor effect of the cytotoxic T cells brought to the tumor cell by the bsAk.
- Fc ⁇ -RI positive cells such as monocytes / macrophages / dendrites
- Fc ⁇ -RI positive cells are able to deliver important costimulatory signals to the T cell, similar to the antigen presentation, and thus prevent anergization of the T cell
- the costimuli necessary for a correct activation of the T cell would be provided by the accessory cell (eg monocyte) in this constellation.
- the antibody according to the invention should also activate and generate tumor-specific T cells which continue to patrol the patient after the bsAk has been broken down.
- intact bsAk similar to gene therapy approaches (eg by incorporating costimulatory antigens such as B-7 into the tumor cell), can break through the tumor tolerance in the patient.
- the immunotherapy of tumors using trifunctional bispecific antibodies can also be used therapeutically in the treatment of ascites.
- the peritoneum was punctured, ascitic fluid (700ml) was removed and the cells contained therein were analyzed. As shown in Fig.1, the tumor cells could already be identified visually using a microscope based on their morphology. In addition, an anti-EpCAM peroxidase staining was carried out.
- the counting of the cells in the ascites before the treatment showed a ratio of approximately 50:50 of tumor cells and immune cells.
- the flow cytometric analysis showed a strong positivity of the tumor cells for the surface antigen EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule, Baizar et al., Mol. Cell. Biol., 18: 4833, 1998) and weaker expression of the tumor-associated surface antigen Her2 / new (Fig. 2).
- EpCAM epidermal cell adhesion molecule
- a first change was found 1 day after the 40 ⁇ g infusion. Peritoneal lavage was carried out at this time and the cells contained therein were analyzed, the ratio of immune cells to tumor cells improving to a value of 3: 1.
- the peritoneum was also punctured, the ascitic fluid (3 liters) was collected and the cells contained therein were analyzed in flow cytometry. Detection antibodies against the tumor-associated antigen EpCAM and CD14 were used to distinguish non-specific binding to Fc receptor positive cells (the detection antibody) from binding to tumor cells. As shown in Fig. 4, at day 0 before the therapy, over 70% of the cells detectable in the ascites fluid were EpCAM-positive tumor cells, which decreased to 0.7% during the therapy.
- the patient On day 0, after draining the ascites fluid, the patient received 10 ⁇ g of the anti-EpCAM X anti-CD3 antibody Removab (isotype combination: mouse IgG2a x RatteIgG2b), and on the following days 2 and 5 40 ⁇ g and 100 ⁇ g Removab intraperitoneally over a period of administered about 6 hours. On day 8 the patient was given a combination of the antibodies Rexomab (anti-Her 2 / new X anti-CD3; 100 ⁇ g) and Removab (50 ⁇ g) intraperitoneally after the tumor-associated antigen Her2 / neu could also be detected on the tumor cells in flow cytometry (not shown).
- Removab isotype combination: mouse IgG2a x RatteIgG2b
- Day 0 10 ⁇ g (starting dose for testing a hypersensitivity reaction to the foreign protein)
- Day 2 40 ⁇ g (activation and proliferation of the immune cells)
- Day 4 200 ⁇ g (main dose to destroy the tumor cells)
- the immunotherapeutic treatment of ascites intraperitoneally using trifunctional bsAk can also serve as a primary immunization to induce long-lasting anti-tumor immunity.
- the abdominal cavity contains a number of immunological organs such as Spleen, Peyer's plaques and a variety of lymph nodes.
- the trifunctional bsAk are capable of interacting with tumor cells, T cells, and accessory cells (Zeidler et al., J. Immolol. 163: 1246, 1999, Zeidler et al., British J. Cancer 83: 261, 2000 ) To deliver tumor material to the antigen-presenting system and to initiate an immigration of activated dendritic cells into the immunological organs.
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Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE122009000069C DE122009000069I1 (de) | 2000-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen antikörpern zur behandlung von malignem aszites |
| EP01982241A EP1315520B1 (de) | 2000-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen antikörpern zur behandlung von malignem aszites |
| DK01982241T DK1315520T3 (da) | 2000-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Anvendelse af trifunktionelle bispecifikke og trispecifikke antistoffer til behandling af malign ascitis |
| DE50106127T DE50106127D1 (de) | 2000-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen antikörpern zur behandlung von malignem aszites |
| AT01982241T ATE294591T1 (de) | 2000-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen antikörpern zur behandlung von malignem aszites |
| US10/378,218 US8277806B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2003-03-03 | Use of trifunctional bispecific and trispecific antibodies for the treatment of malignant ascites |
| LU91616C LU91616I2 (fr) | 2000-09-04 | 2009-10-16 | Anticorps monoclonal hybride rat-souris(IgG2) soustoutes les formes couvertes par le brevet de base (REMOVAB - Catumaxomab) |
| NL300418C NL300418I1 (nl) | 2000-09-04 | 2009-10-20 | Gebruik van trifunctionele bispecifieke en trispecifieke antilichamen voor de behandeling van maligne ascitis |
| US13/632,737 US20130095106A1 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2012-10-01 | Use of trifunctional bispecific and trispecific antibodies for the treatment of malignant ascites |
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| DE10043437A DE10043437A1 (de) | 2000-09-04 | 2000-09-04 | Verwendung von trifunktionellen bispezifischen und trispezifischen Antikörpern zur Behandlung von malignem Aszites |
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| EP (1) | EP1315520B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE294591T1 (de) |
| DE (3) | DE10043437A1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK1315520T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2241887T3 (de) |
| LU (1) | LU91616I2 (de) |
| NL (1) | NL300418I1 (de) |
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| WO (1) | WO2002020039A2 (de) |
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-
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- 2000-09-04 DE DE10043437A patent/DE10043437A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2001
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- 2001-09-04 AT AT01982241T patent/ATE294591T1/de active
- 2001-09-04 DK DK01982241T patent/DK1315520T3/da active
- 2001-09-04 ES ES01982241T patent/ES2241887T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-04 DE DE122009000069C patent/DE122009000069I1/de active Pending
- 2001-09-04 DE DE50106127T patent/DE50106127D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-04 EP EP01982241A patent/EP1315520B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-04 WO PCT/EP2001/010184 patent/WO2002020039A2/de not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-03-03 US US10/378,218 patent/US8277806B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2009
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- 2009-10-20 NL NL300418C patent/NL300418I1/nl unknown
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2012
- 2012-10-01 US US13/632,737 patent/US20130095106A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL300418I1 (nl) | 2010-01-04 |
| DE10043437A1 (de) | 2002-03-28 |
| ATE294591T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
| EP1315520B1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
| US20130095106A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| ES2241887T3 (es) | 2005-11-01 |
| DE122009000069I1 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
| DK1315520T3 (da) | 2005-08-22 |
| DE50106127D1 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
| WO2002020039A3 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
| US20030223999A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
| PT1315520E (pt) | 2005-09-30 |
| LU91616I2 (fr) | 2009-12-16 |
| US8277806B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 |
| EP1315520A2 (de) | 2003-06-04 |
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