WO2000011489A1 - Procede de fabrication de cartes de circuits integres (ci) - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication de cartes de circuits integres (ci) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000011489A1 WO2000011489A1 PCT/JP1998/003672 JP9803672W WO0011489A1 WO 2000011489 A1 WO2000011489 A1 WO 2000011489A1 JP 9803672 W JP9803672 W JP 9803672W WO 0011489 A1 WO0011489 A1 WO 0011489A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- card
- test
- manufacturing
- data
- chip
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/006—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation at wafer scale level, i.e. wafer scale integration [WSI]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/538—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames the interconnection structure between a plurality of semiconductor chips being formed on, or in, insulating substrates
- H01L23/5388—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames the interconnection structure between a plurality of semiconductor chips being formed on, or in, insulating substrates for flat cards, e.g. credit cards
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
- G07C2209/40—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/20 - G07C9/29
- G07C2209/41—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/20 - G07C9/29 with means for the generation of identity documents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/48225—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
- H01L2224/48227—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technology for manufacturing an IC card, and more particularly to a technology effective when applied to a method for manufacturing an IC card including a highly reliable and versatile test process corresponding to diversification of the IC card.
- an IC card (Integrated Circuit) is a card having the same shape as a card with a magnetic stripe, such as a credit card and a bank cash card, which are currently widely used in society. It contains a CPU (Central Processor Unit) and memory inside, and is expected to develop in the future as a portable information storage medium utilizing the latest technology suitable for the advanced information society.
- This IC card can exchange information with external devices through a contact-type contact terminal or a non-contact-type antenna coil under the control of a control program of the CPU.
- the built-in memory is controlled so that it is accessed only when processing is performed according to a certain procedure for security purposes.
- IC cards have various and diverse functions, testing before shipment is important.
- test method of IC card the technology described in the documents of ISO / IEC 7816-3, IC card with ID card and external terminal, Part 3: Electric signal transmission protocol, etc. Is mentioned.
- the tester first sends a write command to the IC card, and in response, the IC card responds to the tester that writing has been completed.
- a write test can be performed.
- non-defective IC cards excluding defective products are shipped as products.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an IC card including a test process capable of improving the reliability of an IC card, particularly focusing on the storage area of a memory and the reliability of information in the storage area. Things.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an IC card including a test step capable of improving the versatility of an IC card, focusing on versatility for a tester, a reader / writer, and the like. is there.
- the method for manufacturing an IC card according to the present invention includes a test process corresponding to diversification of the IC card, and performs an electrical characteristic test of the chip in a state of being cut for each semiconductor wafer or chip.
- It has a chip test step and an IC card test step of performing an electrical characteristic test of the IC card in a state of the IC card incorporating the tested chip.
- Another method of manufacturing an IC card according to the present invention includes a step of performing an operation test of an internal circuit of the IC card based on test data from outside in an IC card test step of performing an electrical characteristic test of the IC card. Verification test of internal memory of IC card And performing the following.
- the write data of the internal memory such as EEPROM and the read data are compared inside the IC card, and only the match Z of the comparison result and the mismatch are output to the outside. Also, when the comparison result does not match, the data writing is retried.
- the reliability of the IC card is improved by applying the IC card test method incorporating the tested chip by the chip test step and the IC force test step. Can be improved. This is because memory ICs have already been tested by IC manufacturers as ICs alone, so there is an option not to use IC cards for testing.However, in consideration of the reliability of IC cards, tests are also performed on IC cards. It is by adopting the method. In addition, a verification test in the memory is performed at the same time as the test by the tester, and the double test method for the IC card is adopted.
- the function of comparing the write data in the memory is not an indispensable condition of the IC card, but it is considered to be effective in giving versatility to various IC cards such as IC card testers and reader / writers. .
- an IC card manufacturing method an IC card incorporating a tested chip, including a chip test step of performing an electrical property test of a chip and an IC card test step of performing an electrical property test of an IC card.
- the IC card test process includes a process of performing an operation test of an internal circuit of the IC card based on test data from outside and a process of performing a verification test of an internal memory of the IC card. Adopting the double test method for the card can improve the reliability of the IC card, especially the internal memory of the IC card.
- the versatility of the IC card can be improved.
- FIG. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing a schematic structure of an IC card according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram showing the IC card
- FIG. Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the wafer inspection process in the IC card manufacturing method
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the COB assembly process
- Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the process of assembling into a plastic card
- Fig. 7 is IC card manufacturing process Flow diagram showing the 0th issue process
- FIG. 8 is a flow diagram showing the IC card inspection process
- FIG. 9 is a flow diagram showing the primary issue process
- FIG. 10 is an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 The configuration diagram showing the IC card test evaluation device
- Fig. 11 is the configuration diagram showing the software of the IC card test evaluation device
- Fig. 12 is the flow diagram showing the EEPROM data write test
- Fig. 13 is the EEPROM Flow chart showing the data read test of Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the connection between the tester and the IC card
- Fig. 15 is a flowchart showing the verification test
- Fig. 16 is a block diagram showing the EEPROM
- Fig. 17 is a test method from a security point of view.
- FIG. Fig. 1 (a) is a non-contact type IC card that can exchange information without physical contact with external devices.
- Fig. 1 (b) is a contact type IC that can exchange information by physically contacting external devices.
- the contactless IC card has a plastic card 1 and an LSI chip 2 and an antenna coil 3 electrically connected to the LSI chip 2.
- an LSI chip 2 and a contact terminal 4 electrically connected to the LSI chip 2 are incorporated in a plastic card 1.
- the shape of this IC card is, for example, about 54 mm in length, about 85 mm in width, and about 0.25 to 0.8 mm in thickness.
- FIG. 2 One example of the internal configuration of this IC card is, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, a CPU 11 for controlling the entire control of the chip 2 and a program and data for storing the program and data inside the chip 2.
- An ace circuit 16 is provided so that data can be transferred to each other.
- the data transfer between the chip 2 and the external device is performed under the control of the control program by the CPU 11 through the internal interface circuit 16 of the chip 2, and in the case of the non-contact type, through the antenna / coil 3 via the modulation / demodulation circuit 17.
- the contact is performed by contact with the contact terminal 4.
- internal memories such as ROM 12, RAMI 3, and EEPROM 14 are controlled so that they are accessed only when processing is performed according to a certain procedure to protect data.
- a method of testing an IC card incorporating the tested chip 2 by a chip test process and an IC card test process as described later, and a test of a memory inside the IC card by a tester is adopted.
- the test contents of this chip 2 and IC card include a DC test and various margin tests, and a function operation test (AC function test).
- DC test and various margin tests include margin test for power supply voltage fluctuation, margin test for timing fluctuation, margin test for input signal voltage level, test for output voltage level, each terminal Open, short, power supply current and leak current measurement.
- Functional operation tests include a CPU operation test, a RAM and ROM data rewrite read function test, an EE PROM data write Z read function test, and a floating operation unit function test.
- FIG. Fig. 3 mainly shows the flow of the contact IC card manufacturing process, but the contact IC card is almost the same except for the COB (chip-on-board) assembly process described later.
- This wafer processing process repeats processes such as thin film formation, oxidation, doping, annealing, resist processing, exposure, etching, cleaning, and CMP on a semiconductor wafer, and a plurality of integrated circuits are arranged in a grid on the semiconductor wafer. Form. One of the integrated circuits corresponds to one chip 2.
- a probe test is performed on a semiconductor wafer after wafer processing by bringing a probe needle into contact with a pad of chip 2 by a wafer prober (step 201). Then, a mark or wafer map (good Z defect) data is stored so that a good / defective chip 2 can be identified (step 202).
- measurements are made mainly on DC tests such as the chip 2 open / short, power supply current and leak current measurements as described above. A simple function check is also performed as an AC test. After the semiconductor wafer is diced and scribed (step 203), it is transferred to the next assembling step.
- the chip 2 is die-bonded to the back surface of the frame (board) (step 301), and after wire bonding (step 302), the back surface is molded (step 30). 3) At this time, the state after wire bonding is that chip 2 and the frame are connected by wires, and after molding, the back side is molded and the resin of chip 2 is molded. , And the contact terminals are exposed on the front side. Further, dimensional inspection and marking are performed (step 304), and an electrical characteristic test is performed for selection (step 305). Then, the COB is transported to the next step.
- the part where the COB is incorporated in the plastic card is dug (milled) (Step 401), and the COB is attached to this part (Step 402). .
- the digging is opened, and after pasting, the contact terminals are exposed. This completes the elementary card.
- This IC card manufacturing process 0th issue process is a process of checking hardware parts, confirming the normal operation of the IC card, initializing the IC card, creating an MF (master file), Performs processing such as writing identifiers (manufacturer, version information, etc.), writing card IDs, writing cryptographic functions, and loop testing. Specifically, the processing flow is as shown in FIG. 7 described later.
- the IC card manufacturing process, the 0th issue process, the later-described IC card inspection process, the 1st issue process, and the 2nd issue process include the test process of the IC card.
- this IC card test as described above, as a DC test and various margin tests, a power supply voltage fluctuation margin test, a timing fluctuation margin test, an input signal voltage level margin test, an output voltage level test, each terminal open, Performs short-circuit, power supply current and leak current measurements, and performs functional operation tests such as CPU operation test, RAM and ROM data rewriting / reading function test, EEPROM data writing / reading function test, floating operation unit function test, etc. Do.
- a card ID is repeatedly read as a screening test on an IC card that has been manufactured.
- the card ID written by writing the card ID of the IC card manufacturing processing function is used for the test. Specifically, the processing flow is as shown in FIG. 8 described later.
- Step 700 This primary issuance processing step is a step of performing operational checks. Writing basic information, confirming basic information, DF (dedicated file), EF (element) on the IC card that has been manufactured and inspected (Mentary file), create keys, write data, check write data, and perform security settings. Specifically, the processing flow is as shown in FIG. 9 described later.
- This secondary issuance process is a process of performing a process of writing individual information such as a user ID. As a result, the IC card is completed and can be issued to the user.
- a contact type IC card can be completed.
- the manufacturing process of this IC card includes a test process of chip 2 in step 200 and a test process of IC card in steps 500 to 800, and incorporates the tested chip 2
- the adoption of IC card test methods has made it possible to further improve the reliability of IC cards.
- the non-contact type IC card is almost the same except that the COB assembling process is different. That is, the chip 2 is die-bonded to the frame (board) on which the antenna / coil 3 is formed, and then the wire bonding is performed, followed by molding to complete the non-contact type IC card. Also in this case, the reliability of the IC card can be improved particularly by the method of testing the IC card incorporating the tested chip 2. The following mainly describes the contact IC card test process, but the same applies to non-contact IC cards.
- FIGS. 7 to 9 an example of the configuration of the IC card test evaluation apparatus of FIGS. 10 and 11, the IC card manufacturing process 0
- the IC card inspection step in step 600 and the primary issue processing step in step 700 will be described in detail.
- These IC card manufacturing processes The C card inspection process, the primary issuance process, and the secondary issuance process are tested and evaluated by the IC card test evaluation device shown in Fig. 10.
- the configuration of the IC card test evaluation device will be described with reference to FIG. 10, and the software configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
- the IC card test evaluation device has the functions of a tester, reader / writer, card issuing device, etc., as shown in Fig. 10, a host CPU unit 20 that develops test condition programs and manages test data, and executes tests. It is composed of a tester main unit 30 that executes control and test plans and debugging, and is connected by LAN.
- the host CPU unit 20 is connected with a printer 21 for print output, an MO drive 22 for auxiliary storage, and the like, so that a user can create a test plan and manage measurement results.
- the tester main unit 30 is connected to each corresponding IC card 33 via a common contact / probe unit 32 from each measurement control unit 31 that can operate independently according to the device under test. Since the number of units 31 can be increased or decreased (for example, up to about 32), it is possible to construct a test system that matches the ability before and after the testing process.
- the tester main unit 30 includes a satellite CPU 34, a handler iZf 35, a system power supply 36, a safety circuit 37, and a plurality of measurement control units 31.
- Each measurement control unit 31 is provided with a controller 38, device power supply 39, AC measurement unit 40, DC measurement unit 41, MPX42, test head 43, etc. Tests are possible. Hereinafter, each component will be described in detail.
- the satellite CPU 34 transfers the test conditions, reads the test results, and controls the handler to the plurality of measurement control units 31.
- the test CPU and debugging can be executed from the satellite CPU 34.
- Handler 1 £ 35 is a unit for controlling the IC card 33 handler or the soft COB handler. Perform parallel communication.
- the controller 38 sets the voltage of the device power supply 39, the condition of the AC measuring unit 40, the condition of the DC measuring unit 41, and the pin assignment of various conditions to the tester hardware according to the user-written test conditions, and assigns pins to various conditions. Perform 33 tests. It also manages the measurement results.
- the device power supply 39 has a function of setting a voltage level to be applied to the power supply terminal of the IC card 33 and measuring a power supply current flowing through the IC card 33.
- the AC measurement unit 40 sets the clock frequency and duty ratio to be applied to the IC card 33, sets the driver output voltage level, the comparator level, etc., and communicates with the IC card 33 by data communication. Perform the test of 3.
- the DC measuring section 41 is a unit for measuring the open Z short check of input / output pins of the IC card 33 and the leak current.
- the MPX 42 has a function of assigning the AC measuring section 40 and the DC measuring section 41 to predetermined pins of the IC card 33 by switching a relay.
- the test head 43 has a signal driver to be applied to the IC card 33, an output signal judgment comparator, and the like. In addition, a virtual ground that minimizes measurement errors due to cable loss is supplied to improve measurement accuracy.
- the software of the host CPU unit 20 in this IC card test and evaluation apparatus is composed of a test plan editor 51, a test plan compiler 52, data communication software 53, and data output display software 5 4.
- System operation management software 5 5 The satellite CPU 34 software consists of a measurement control system 61, an online debugger 62, test condition and data communication software 63, a histogram utility 64, and calibration software 65. ing.
- the host CPU unit 20 and the satellite CPU 34 are connected by a network (LAN).
- LAN network
- the test plan editor 51 is an editor for creating test conditions.
- the test plan compiler 51 can be started directly from the test plan editor 51. If a condition description error occurs in the compilation result, the cursor is moved to a predetermined error occurrence location and the description error location is indicated. As a result, a test plan can be created efficiently.
- the test plan 'compiler 52 translates the test plan created by the test plan' editor 51 'into objects that the tester can execute.
- the test plan compiler 52 also generates detailed information for test plan debugging. It is.
- the software of the data communication software 53 transfers (assigns) test plans, reads measurement results, and sets and issues various other functions.
- the data output display software 54 outputs the test results read by data communication to a CRT, printer, HD, etc.
- reports of test results (lot number, worker name, test start time, end time, total number of tests, number of good / defective products, number of defects by test number, etc.) can be output.
- the system operation management software 55 manages the security of the device using passwords.
- the measurement control system 61 controls the handler, controls the controller 38 (test execution unit), and controls the execution of the test plan. With this software, the measurement results of multiple measurement control units 31 are managed, and the host CPU unit is used as needed.
- the test status is output on the liquid crystal display panel of the tester main unit 30, and the number of tests to date and the number of good and defective products can be viewed.
- Online 'Debugger 62 is a test plan debug' tool. Functions include line-by-line execution of a test plan, test stop (pause) at the source line number or test number of a given test plan, change of test conditions, DC test, execution from the AC test keyboard, and measurement results. Can be displayed. As a result, the test plan can be debugged efficiently. It can also be used as a failure analysis tool.
- the data communication software 63 transmits the test plan (test conditions) received from the host CPU unit 20 to the controller 38. Also, each controller
- Histogram 'Utility 64 obtains the distribution of measured data for each DC test for a given production unit of IC card 33. By using this, the user can use this data as an index for process control.
- the calibration software 65 software is used to carry out calibration of the system hardware.
- This IC card test and evaluation device supports maintenance by replacing the measurement control unit 31 with the unit. This calibration is performed when the cutout is replaced.
- the IC card manufacturing process 0th-order issue process in step 500, the IC card inspection process in step 600, the primary issue process process in step 700, The secondary issuance process of step 800 can be performed.
- the card ID is managed in the card ID information section of the file.
- the card ID has the following three items: date (6 bytes), manufacturing PC number (3 bytes), and serial number (4 bytes).
- the date is used to control the date when the IC card 33 was manufactured. For example, when the operation of the card manufacturing function is started, it is automatically taken out from the PC's internal clock, and the default value is automatically set in the format of "YYMMDD". It is not updated during the continuous manufacturing process.
- the manufacturing PC number is for classifying the PC that manufactured the IC card 33.
- the default value is "001" and can be set and changed manually.
- the serial number is also used to indicate the number of the card manufactured on the date of manufacture. It is. For example, "0001" is used for the first production of the day when the operation of the card production function is started. If it is not the first production, it will be the number from the middle. Automatically update and save to file each time a card is successfully manufactured. If an error occurs on the way, do not update. Also, it is not updated if canceled during the manufacturing process.
- MF Generate MF, key, and EF on the IC card 33 according to the card manufacturing layout file.
- the card manufacturing layout file name is managed in the file layout information section. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Format the IC card 33. Create an MF. If a key is specified in the card manufacturing layout file, a key is created. If EF creation is specified in the card manufacturing layout file, create EF. The card identifier and card ID are written in the EF created in this process.
- the card identifier is written into the card identifier EF created in the format. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Write the card identifier generated in the format to the card identifier EF. For writing the card ID, the card ID generated by the confirmation and generation of the card ID is written to a specific address in the EE PROM area. If a card ID file has been created in the above format, the card ID is also written in that file. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Write the card ID to a specific address in the EE PROM area. If you created an EF for a card ID in the format described above, write the card ID written to this EF.
- To write a cryptographic processing function write the cryptographic processing function file specified in the cryptographic function information section of the file to a specific address in the EE PROM area. Since the offset address is set in the jump table file, the jump table value is corrected using the address set in the base address item of the file. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Load the jump table file and write it to a specific address in the EE PROM area. Load the parameter file and write it to a specific address in the EE PROM area. Load the function module file and write it to a specific address in the EEPROM area. Converts the card ID to 8-byte binary format and overwrites the random number initial value parameter in the written parameter area.
- the number of loop tests is managed in the information session for the file ID reading loop test.
- a reading test of the written card ID is performed. Perform the test for the set number of loops. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Read the card ID and check the data. Repeat this for the number of loops.
- step 600 Check that the IC card ID reading loop test has been completed successfully. For example, the following processing is performed. The session with the IC card 33 ends. Close the PC communication line. Add 1 to the serial number of the card ID. Next, the IC card inspection process in step 600 will be described in detail based on an example of the processing flow in FIG.
- the number of loop tests of the IC card 33 is set in the same manner as in the case of the above-mentioned IC card manufacturing process 0th issue step.
- Perform card ID read loop test Perform the test for the set number of loops. If the test is successful, the read card ID is displayed. If an error occurs, an error message is displayed. For example, the following processing is performed. Open the PC communication line. Open the line with the reader / writer. Start a session with the IC card 33. Read the card ID and check the data. Repeat this for the number of loops. End the session with the IC card 33. Close the PC communication line. Displays the card ID that was read.
- step 700 Next, based on an example of the processing flow of FIG. 9, the primary issue processing process of step 700 will be described in detail.
- the PC number defaults to the value managed by the information section manufacturing PC number for the work card ID in the file.
- the worker name is limited to 20 double-byte characters.
- the PC number is limited to 3 single-byte characters. If neither item is entered, an error message will be displayed.
- the operation of the PC, reader / writer, and IC card 33 is checked, and if an error occurs, an error message is displayed. indicate. Note that if an error occurs during processing after the operation check of the PC and reader / writer and the operation check of the IC card 33, no retry will be performed.
- an EF is created under the MF of the manufactured IC card 33, and basic information such as a card identifier and issuer information is written.
- the primary publication layout file name is managed in the layout information section of the file. If an error occurs, an error message is displayed. For example, the following processing is performed. Create E F. Generate write data from the primary issue layout file. Write the created data to the created EF. This is repeated for the number of files specified in the primary issue layout file.
- the written basic information is confirmed in the writing of the basic information. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Read from basic information file. The read data is compared with the data written by writing the basic information. This is repeated for the number of files specified in the primary issue layout file.
- the user-defined layout file create a file such as 0, EF, and key on the 1st card 33.
- the user-defined layout file name is managed in the layout information section of the file. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Move to the parent DF where the file will be created. Generate a file. This is repeated for the number of files specified in the user-defined layout file.
- Steps 7 1 1 and 7 1 Set the data in the created file according to the user-defined layout file.
- the content of the setting data changes depending on the type of the created file. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed.
- Generate setting data from user-defined layout file Set the generated data in the created file. This is repeated for the number of files specified in the user-defined layout file.
- the data set in the data setting for the creation file is confirmed. If an error occurs, display an error message. For example, the following processing is performed. Read from data file. The read data is compared with the data set in the data setting for the created file. This is repeated for the number of files specified in the user-defined layout file.
- FIG. 14 shows a method of connecting a tester for a data write / read test (one test) to the IC card 33.
- the IC card test evaluation device shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is used.
- the test of the normal IC card 33 is repeated a plurality of times by changing the write data and write address described below.
- the tester sends an EEPROM write command and write data to the IC card 33 (step 521).
- the communication protocol of the IC card 33 is specified in ISO 7816, such as T 1 and TO, and commands and data are transmitted according to these rules.
- the command is analyzed by the CPU 11 inside the IC card 33 (step 522).
- the received data of the write data is converted into parallel data by the serial Z / parallel conversion circuit of the interface circuit 16, and the converted data is loaded into the internal accumulator A by the CPU 11, and The data in accumulator A is written to the specified address in EEPROM 14 (step 523).
- the data written in the EE PROM 14 is read (step 524), loaded into the accumulator B in the CPU, and the data of the accumulator A and the accumulator B are compared and determined (step 525). That is, the write data and the read data are collated here. At this time, in parallel with the write test by the tester, the later-described verification of the written data is also repeatedly performed inside the EEPROM 14.
- step 523 determines whether the value matches the expected value. If the value does not match the expected value, the process from step 523 is repeated for the specified number of retries (step 530). If an error occurs even after the predetermined number of retries, the IC card 33 is determined to be defective (step 531).
- the tester sends an EE PROM data read command to the IC card 33 (step 541).
- the data read command is analyzed by the CPU 11 inside the IC card 33 (step 542).
- the EEPROM data of a predetermined address is read into the accumulator A of the CPU 11 (step 543), and the data read in a predetermined format from the serial port is transmitted to the tester (step 544).
- the data transmitted from the IC card 33 is compared and determined by the tester with the expected non-defective response value (step 545). If the comparison result shows that the test value matches the expected value, the test is judged as "good” and the next test is executed (step 546). On the other hand, if the value does not match the expected value, retry processing is performed (step 547). From the step 543, the retry is performed a predetermined allowable number of times. If an error occurs even after the predetermined number of retries, the IC card 33 is determined to be defective (step 548).
- the IC card 33 for which all tests are "good” is determined to be good (step 550). If any part is defective, it is determined to be defective and a command is issued to the handling device to process the defective product. Normally, the defective IC card 33 is stored in a defective tray.
- a verify test of the written data is also performed inside the EEPROM 14 in parallel with the above-mentioned (2) write processing to the EEPROM 14. Verify in Figure 15
- the verification test inside the EEPROM 14 will be described in detail with reference to an example of a test processing arrow and an example of the configuration of the EEPROM 14 in FIG. First, the outline of the configuration and operation of the EEPROM 14 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the EEPROM 14 includes a memory array M-ARY composed of a plurality of memory cells MC connected to the intersection of a word line WL and a data line DL, and an arbitrary memory cell MC in the memory array M-ARY.
- Buffer XADB, column address buffer YADB, row address decoder X DCR, and column address decoder YDCR, and sense amplifier SA for reading / writing data, data input buffer DIB, and data output. It consists of a well-known configuration such as a power buffer DOB, a timing control circuit CNTR for generating various control signals, and an erasing circuit ERC for electrically performing an erasing operation. It is formed on one chip 2 together with 11, ROM 12, RAMI 3, etc.
- Address signals AX and AY are externally input to the EEPROM 14, and a row address signal and a column address signal are generated by an input address buffer XADB and a column address buffer YADB, respectively. , Any memory cell MC in the memory array M-ARY is selected.
- the read / write operation is performed by a chip enable signal ZCE, an output enable signal OE, a write enable signal / WE, an erase enable signal / EE, and a write enable signal / EE, which are externally input to the timing control circuit CNTR. It is controlled by various internal signals XE, YE, sc, wr, wp, etc. generated based on the voltage Vpp.
- the read mode is set when the signal / CE is low, the signal / OE is low, the signal ZWE is high, the signal ZEE is high, and the high voltage Vpp is not supplied.
- the internal signal Zce is set to low level, and the signals DE, sc, and re are set to high level.
- the low voltage Vcc is supplied to the row address decoder XDCR, the column address decoder YDCR, and the data input buffer DIO as operating voltages.
- the sense amplifier SA is activated and the read operation is performed. Operation can be performed.
- the write mode is set in a state where the signal ZCE is low, the signal ZOE is high, the signal ZWE is high, the signal ZEE is high, and the high voltage Vpp is supplied.
- the internal signal Zce is set to low level
- the signals DE, WP, wr are set to high level
- the signals sc, re, and DO ⁇ DO7 are set to low level.
- the high level of the signal DE activates the row address decoder XDCR and the column address decoder YDCR, and selects one read line WL and one data line DL of the memory array M-ARY.
- the high voltage Vpp is supplied to the row address decoder XDCR, the column address decoder YDCR, and the data input buffer DIO as operating voltages.
- the potential of the word line WL to which writing is performed and the data line DL to which the memory cell MC into which electrons are to be injected are connected to the floating gate are high voltages according to the high voltage Vpp. Thus, a write operation can be performed.
- the write verify mode is set when the signal / CE is at the low level, the signal ZOE is at the mouth level, the signal / WE is at the high level, the signal / EE is at the high level, and the high voltage Vpp is supplied. Except that the high voltage Vpp is supplied, the state is the same as that in the read mode.
- the operating voltage is switched from the high voltage Vpp to the low voltage Vcc and supplied to the row address decoder XDCR, the column address decoder YDCR, and the data input buffer DIB. As a result, a write verify operation can be performed.
- the signal / CE when the signal / CE is at the low level, the signal / OE is at the high level, the signal ZWE is at the high level, the high voltage Vpp is supplied, and when the signal / EE changes from the high level to the low level, the signal ZES becomes Set by changing from high level to low level.
- the potential of the source line CS of the memory cell MC is switched from the high voltage Vpp to the ground potential by the erase circuit ERC.
- an erasing operation can be performed.
- step 561 Initialize the address for the write operation (step 561).
- a write pulse is generated (step 562), and a write voltage is applied to the memory cell MC of the selected target bit in the EEPROM 14 according to the address setting to perform a data write operation (step 563).
- step 564 In the verify operation of the written data, it is determined whether or not the write target bit has reached a predetermined memory threshold voltage (step 564). In the verify operation, in the read operation, the write operation and the write verify operation from step 562 are repeated until the read data reaches the threshold voltage.
- step 565 When the target bit reaches a predetermined memory threshold voltage and writing is recognized, address increment is performed (step 565). Then, it is determined whether or not the address is the final address (step 566). If the address is not the final address, the write operation and the write verify operation are repeated from step 562 until all the target bits are completed. The writing operation can be completed by repeating this process up to the final address (step 567).
- the tester transmits a data evaluation command of the EEPROM 14 to the IC card 33 to inform the IC card 33 that the test is to be performed (step 581).
- the IC card 33 analyzes the received command (step 582), and finds that the system test is to be executed now. First, the built-in system evaluation program for security is activated, and the tester is started. The system is set up to receive the data of the EEPROM 14 transmitted from the device, and the initialization such as the comparison error flag is performed (step 583).
- the data is continuously transmitted to the IC card 33 (step 584).
- the data to be transmitted is about 10 KB to several tens KB.
- Step 585 Compare with the data of the EEPROM 14 to be evaluated which is loaded in the accumulator B (Step 586). If the result of the comparison is a match, the next data is compared. On the other hand, if they do not match, an error flag is set (step 587).
- the IC card 33 repeats the processing from step 585 until all the data of the EE PROM 14 is received (step 588), and determines that the data of all the EEPROM 14 has been received. If so, the state of the error flag is determined (step 589). If the error flag is not set, that is, if there is no abnormality in the data in the EPROM 14 and all data match, a match response is transmitted to the tester (step 590). On the other hand, if the error flag is set, that is, if the data in the EEPROM 14 does not match, or if an error has occurred, a mismatch response is sent to the tester (step 591).
- the tester compares the data transmitted from the IC card 33 with the expected value of the matching response of the non-defective product (step 592). If the comparison result shows that the IC card 33 matches the expected value, the IC card 33 is set to "non-defective" (PAS S) (step 593). On the other hand, if the value does not match the expected value, the IC card 33 is regarded as "defective" (step 594).
- a non-defective / defective product of the IC card 33 can be determined by judging a state of an error flag that is set when a mismatch occurs.
- An IC card that incorporates the tested chip 2 and includes a test process for chip 2 in step 200 and a test process for IC card 33 in steps 500 to 800 By employing the test method 33, the reliability of the IC card 33 can be improved.
- IC card 3 By making a comparison judgment inside the IC card 3 and outputting only the match or mismatch to the outside, it is possible to respond to security and to use various IC cards such as testers and reader / writers. 33 The versatility of the device that handles 3 can be improved.
- the method for manufacturing an IC card according to the present invention is particularly useful for a method for manufacturing an IC card including a highly reliable and versatile test process corresponding to diversification of the IC card.
- the read test and the like can be similarly applied to a method of manufacturing an IC card including a test process of an internal memory such as a ROM and a RAM that constitute the IC card.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1998/003672 WO2000011489A1 (fr) | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-19 | Procede de fabrication de cartes de circuits integres (ci) |
| KR1020007012156A KR20010024985A (ko) | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-19 | Ic카드의 제조방법 |
| US09/763,082 US6615390B1 (en) | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-19 | Method of manufacturing IC cards |
| TW087114074A TW508537B (en) | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-26 | Manufacturing method of IC card |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1998/003672 WO2000011489A1 (fr) | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-19 | Procede de fabrication de cartes de circuits integres (ci) |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000011489A1 true WO2000011489A1 (fr) | 2000-03-02 |
Family
ID=14208810
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1998/003672 WO2000011489A1 (fr) | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-19 | Procede de fabrication de cartes de circuits integres (ci) |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6615390B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20010024985A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW508537B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2000011489A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000208571A (ja) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-28 | Advantest Corp | デバイス試験方法及び装置並びに測定用カ―ド |
| GB2355689A (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2001-05-02 | Nec Corp | IC or integrated circuit card manufacturing system with stored test data |
| JP2002007970A (ja) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-01-11 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 非接触型icカードの発行処理システム |
| JP2002074271A (ja) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-15 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 非接触情報記憶媒体の発行装置及び発行方法 |
| JP2002154407A (ja) * | 2000-11-20 | 2002-05-28 | Suzuki Shoji:Kk | 産業車両の盗難防止装置 |
| JP2003057301A (ja) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Oht Inc | 検査装置、回路基板の検査方法、コンピュータプログラム及びコンピュータ可読記録媒体 |
| JP2003057302A (ja) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Oht Inc | 検査装置及び回路基板の検査方法 |
| JP2003057300A (ja) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Oht Inc | 集積回路、集積回路の検査装置、集積回路の検査方法、コンピュータプログラム及びコンピュータ可読記録媒体 |
| WO2007083790A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-26 | Seiko Epson Corporation | シーケンシャルアクセスメモリ |
| JP2010224892A (ja) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Icカードの検査発行システム |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100473657B1 (ko) * | 2002-06-25 | 2005-03-10 | 주식회사 케이디엔스마텍 | 카드 분류 검사 장치 |
| US7225357B2 (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2007-05-29 | Zentek Technology Japan, Inc. | SDIO card development system |
| US20050036162A1 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2005-02-17 | Edge Christopher J. | Ensuring accurate measurements for soft proofing system |
| US7587539B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2009-09-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods of inter-integrated circuit addressing and devices for performing the same |
| DE102006021087A1 (de) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-08 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Simultaner Schnittstellenbetrieb |
| KR100829797B1 (ko) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-05-16 | 주식회사 이성엔지니어링 | Rfid 태그 정보기록 시스템 및 방법 |
| KR100791196B1 (ko) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-01-03 | 주식회사 하이스마텍 | 접촉 또는 비접촉 아이씨 카드 및 이의 제조방법 |
| US7743292B2 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2010-06-22 | Silicon Motion Inc. | Apparatus and method for memory card testing |
| US8538576B2 (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2013-09-17 | Asm Technology Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Method of configuring a dicing device, and a dicing apparatus for dicing a workpiece |
| US9449320B1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-09-20 | Vantiv, Llc | Closed-loop testing of integrated circuit card payment terminals |
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| JPS603082A (ja) * | 1983-06-18 | 1985-01-09 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Icカ−ド |
| JPS6274696A (ja) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-06 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Icカードの製造方法 |
| JPH02259937A (ja) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-22 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Icカード用1チップマイクロコンピュータのテスト方法 |
| JPH0365657A (ja) * | 1989-08-03 | 1991-03-20 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | プローブ装置 |
| JPH04238278A (ja) * | 1991-01-21 | 1992-08-26 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体装置 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4845351A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1989-07-04 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | IC card |
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1998
- 1998-08-19 WO PCT/JP1998/003672 patent/WO2000011489A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-19 US US09/763,082 patent/US6615390B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-19 KR KR1020007012156A patent/KR20010024985A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-26 TW TW087114074A patent/TW508537B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS603082A (ja) * | 1983-06-18 | 1985-01-09 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Icカ−ド |
| JPS6274696A (ja) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-06 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Icカードの製造方法 |
| JPH02259937A (ja) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-22 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Icカード用1チップマイクロコンピュータのテスト方法 |
| JPH0365657A (ja) * | 1989-08-03 | 1991-03-20 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | プローブ装置 |
| JPH04238278A (ja) * | 1991-01-21 | 1992-08-26 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体装置 |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000208571A (ja) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-28 | Advantest Corp | デバイス試験方法及び装置並びに測定用カ―ド |
| GB2355689A (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2001-05-02 | Nec Corp | IC or integrated circuit card manufacturing system with stored test data |
| JP2002007970A (ja) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-01-11 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 非接触型icカードの発行処理システム |
| JP2002074271A (ja) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-15 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 非接触情報記憶媒体の発行装置及び発行方法 |
| JP2002154407A (ja) * | 2000-11-20 | 2002-05-28 | Suzuki Shoji:Kk | 産業車両の盗難防止装置 |
| JP2003057301A (ja) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Oht Inc | 検査装置、回路基板の検査方法、コンピュータプログラム及びコンピュータ可読記録媒体 |
| JP2003057302A (ja) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Oht Inc | 検査装置及び回路基板の検査方法 |
| JP2003057300A (ja) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Oht Inc | 集積回路、集積回路の検査装置、集積回路の検査方法、コンピュータプログラム及びコンピュータ可読記録媒体 |
| WO2007083790A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-26 | Seiko Epson Corporation | シーケンシャルアクセスメモリ |
| JP2010224892A (ja) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Icカードの検査発行システム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6615390B1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
| TW508537B (en) | 2002-11-01 |
| KR20010024985A (ko) | 2001-03-26 |
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