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US20140115956A1 - Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis to produce fuel pellets with counter current flow of tar - Google Patents

Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis to produce fuel pellets with counter current flow of tar Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140115956A1
US20140115956A1 US14/125,103 US201214125103A US2014115956A1 US 20140115956 A1 US20140115956 A1 US 20140115956A1 US 201214125103 A US201214125103 A US 201214125103A US 2014115956 A1 US2014115956 A1 US 2014115956A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
feedstock
tar
pellets
solid char
fraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/125,103
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English (en)
Inventor
Kim Dam-Johansen
Peter Arendt Jensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet
Original Assignee
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danmarks Tekniske Universitet filed Critical Danmarks Tekniske Universitet
Priority to US14/125,103 priority Critical patent/US20140115956A1/en
Assigned to DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET reassignment DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DAM-JOHANSEN, KIM, JENSEN, PETER A.
Publication of US20140115956A1 publication Critical patent/US20140115956A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
    • C10L5/16—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders with bituminous binders, e.g. tar, pitch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C10L9/086—Hydrothermal carbonization
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • FIG. 2 illustrates the implementation of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1 by use of a screw type reactor.
  • a screw unit and a pelletizer are combined, but it should be understood that the invention also encompasses where such units are used in sequence without being build together.
  • the feedstock is transported into the pelletizing unit by the screw feeder.
  • the feedstock In the first part of the screw feeder, the feedstock is heated to a pre-set temperature to release tar and gas and obtain more fragile properties of the solid char.
  • the residence time is defined by the rotation velocity of the screw feeder and the dimension of the screw unit.
  • the volatiles are lead backwards toward the fuel feeding, the tar is condensed on the incoming feedstock and the gas is released near the solid fuel inlet. Finally the combination of the reheated tar and solid char is pelletized.
  • the feed stock is a biomass material.
  • Many preferred biomass materials have an organic content of at least 80 wt %, such as at least 90 wt %.
  • the present invention combines the torrefaction and partial pyrolysis so as to obtain a suitable amount of tar.
  • the optimal torrefaction/pyrolysis reactor operation temperature is a compromise between two objectives.
  • the temperature shall be sufficiently high to obtain a sufficient yield of tars and thereby to obtain pellets with adequate quality.
  • the char yield shall be as high as possible to obtain a maximum of the feedstock energy content transferred to the fuel pellets.
  • the char yield decrease and the tar yield increase with increasing reactor temperature. It is not possible to define a generally applicable optimal reactor temperature for all types of feedstock. However, previously conducted studies indicate that the optimal temperatures may be in the range of 250 to 500° C. The actual optimal reactor temperature is dependent on the applied feedstock and reactor type.
  • the combined torrefaction and partial pyrolysis is typically allowed to proceed for a total period from 2 seconds to 2 hour, such as from 10 seconds to 90 minutes, such as from 4 minutes to 90 minutes, or from 6 minutes to 70 minutes, e.g. from 8 minutes to 50 minutes.
  • the tar-rich fraction is typically condensed when cooling from the temperature of step a) (i.e. the torrefaction/partial pyrolysis temperature (such as about 350° C.)) to a temperature of 50-150° C.
  • the temperature of step a) i.e. the torrefaction/partial pyrolysis temperature (such as about 350° C.)
  • no external cooling is necessary, because the volatile fraction is directed as a counter current stream relative to the stream of the feedstock and thereby is cooled by the incoming feedstock. This is believed to constitute an energy-efficient heating of the feedstock and cooling of the volatile fraction.
  • the pellets are formulated by addition of additives (see Process D in FIG. 1 ) prior to pelletization.
  • the additives may be clay minerals, lime stone, bleaching soil, sewage sludge or other waste products. Generally materials containing more than 5 wt % of one or several of the following elements may be used: S, P, Al, Si and Ca.
  • the additives are provided so as to modify the properties of the pellets, e.g. such that ash deposition and corrosion problems during pellet combustion are minimized. Additives promoting/catalyzing the tar curing process may also be added.
  • Keeping of the material at a temperature in the range from 50° C. to 100° C. of the pelletizing process may increase pellet stability and hardness.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US14/125,103 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis to produce fuel pellets with counter current flow of tar Abandoned US20140115956A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/125,103 US20140115956A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis to produce fuel pellets with counter current flow of tar

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161495471P 2011-06-10 2011-06-10
EP11169562 2011-06-10
EP11169562.3 2011-06-10
EP11169556.5 2011-06-10
EP11169556 2011-06-10
PCT/DK2012/000072 WO2012167795A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torréfaction et pyrolyse partielle pour produire des pastilles combustibles à l'aide d'un flux de goudron à contre-courant
US14/125,103 US20140115956A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis to produce fuel pellets with counter current flow of tar

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20140115956A1 true US20140115956A1 (en) 2014-05-01

Family

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Family Applications (2)

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US14/125,105 Abandoned US20140109468A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis of material for fuel pellet production
US14/125,103 Abandoned US20140115956A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis to produce fuel pellets with counter current flow of tar

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US14/125,105 Abandoned US20140109468A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-06-11 Torrefaction and partial pyrolysis of material for fuel pellet production

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US20140109468A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2718409A4 (fr)
CN (2) CN103687934A (fr)
BR (2) BR112013031642A2 (fr)
CA (2) CA2838760A1 (fr)
RU (2) RU2014100166A (fr)
WO (2) WO2012167796A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130067806A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Astec, Inc. Method And Apparatus For Processing Biomass Material
US10221359B2 (en) 2016-09-20 2019-03-05 Anthony Phan Biomass treatment process and apparatus
US11187458B2 (en) * 2017-02-13 2021-11-30 Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Slurry drying plant, a method for drying slurry and use of a slurry drying plant

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US9909067B2 (en) 2009-01-21 2018-03-06 Cool Planet Energy Systems, Inc. Staged biomass fractionator
US9057037B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2015-06-16 River Basin Energy, Inc. Post torrefaction biomass pelletization
JP2014524824A (ja) 2011-04-15 2014-09-25 バイオジェニック リージェンツ エルエルシー 高炭素生体試薬の生成のためのシステムおよび装置
EP3176244A1 (fr) * 2011-11-04 2017-06-07 River Basin Energy, Inc. Procédé de granulation de biomasse torréfié
US20140227459A1 (en) * 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 General Electric Company Methods and systems for treating carbonaceous materials
WO2014164751A1 (fr) * 2013-03-12 2014-10-09 Cool Planet Energy Systems, Inc. Réacteur pour biomasse
US20160304800A1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2016-10-20 Dia Carbon Technologies Inc. Torrefaction Process
EP2883943A1 (fr) 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 Arigna Fuels Limited Fabrication de briquettes à partir de combustible biomasse traitée thermiquement
WO2015111993A1 (fr) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Velez De La Rocha José Martín Allume-feu à base de cellulose carbonisée à haute porosité imprégnée de biocombustible
CA2993046C (fr) * 2015-07-21 2023-09-26 British Columbia Biocarbon Ltd. Produit combustible de biocharbon, procedes et systemes pour le produire
US11685864B2 (en) * 2016-11-01 2023-06-27 Ecap Bioenergy, Llc System for producing biocoal and biochar using a rotary compression unit
CN109135783B (zh) * 2018-09-04 2020-05-19 南京林业大学 生物基型焦的制备方法
DK3992269T3 (da) * 2020-10-29 2022-11-07 Rwe Generation Nl B V Pelleteringsanlæg til generering af faste, genvundne brændselspiller
MX2023008548A (es) * 2021-01-21 2023-09-22 Carbon Tech Holdings Llc Procesos para producir pelotillas de biocarbono con índice de triturabilidad ajustable.
AU2022221681A1 (en) 2021-02-18 2023-10-05 Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC Carbon-negative metallurgical products
CN113355113B (zh) * 2021-06-29 2022-11-01 中国矿业大学 一种提高细粒级低阶煤可浮性的装置与方法
CN117940534A (zh) * 2021-07-09 2024-04-26 卡本科技控股有限责任公司 用于产生具有高固定碳含量和经优化的反应性的生物碳团粒的方法及由其获得的生物碳团粒
US11952548B2 (en) * 2021-07-26 2024-04-09 Michigan Technological University Systems, methods and techniques for torrefaction

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CH228877A (fr) * 1941-02-22 1943-09-30 Seneze Marcel Procédé de fabrication d'agglomérés combustibles formés, au moins pour leur plus grande partie, à partir de matières ligneuses, et produit obtenu d'après ce procédé.
US20080223269A1 (en) * 2007-03-18 2008-09-18 Paoluccio John A Method and apparatus for biomass torrefaction using conduction heating
US20090119981A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2009-05-14 Drozd J Michael Methods and systems for briquetting solid fuel
US20090151253A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Range Fuels, Inc. Methods and apparatus for producing syngas and alcohols
US8608911B2 (en) * 2010-05-11 2013-12-17 Rolf Ingeson Desalination device

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CA2834324C (fr) * 2011-05-18 2019-11-26 Bioendev Ab Torrefaction amelioree par introduction d'oxygene a contre-courant

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH228877A (fr) * 1941-02-22 1943-09-30 Seneze Marcel Procédé de fabrication d'agglomérés combustibles formés, au moins pour leur plus grande partie, à partir de matières ligneuses, et produit obtenu d'après ce procédé.
US20090119981A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2009-05-14 Drozd J Michael Methods and systems for briquetting solid fuel
US20080223269A1 (en) * 2007-03-18 2008-09-18 Paoluccio John A Method and apparatus for biomass torrefaction using conduction heating
US20090151253A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Range Fuels, Inc. Methods and apparatus for producing syngas and alcohols
US8608911B2 (en) * 2010-05-11 2013-12-17 Rolf Ingeson Desalination device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130067806A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Astec, Inc. Method And Apparatus For Processing Biomass Material
US9127227B2 (en) * 2011-09-16 2015-09-08 Astec, Inc. Method and apparatus for processing biomass material
US10221359B2 (en) 2016-09-20 2019-03-05 Anthony Phan Biomass treatment process and apparatus
US11187458B2 (en) * 2017-02-13 2021-11-30 Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Slurry drying plant, a method for drying slurry and use of a slurry drying plant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112013031655A2 (pt) 2016-12-06
WO2012167795A1 (fr) 2012-12-13
WO2012167796A8 (fr) 2013-02-21
CN103687934A (zh) 2014-03-26
BR112013031642A2 (pt) 2016-12-06
WO2012167796A1 (fr) 2012-12-13
EP2718409A4 (fr) 2015-04-01
CA2838760A1 (fr) 2012-12-13
RU2014100166A (ru) 2015-07-20
CN103649280A (zh) 2014-03-19
CA2838571A1 (fr) 2012-12-13
EP2718408A1 (fr) 2014-04-16
EP2718408A4 (fr) 2015-04-01
EP2718409A1 (fr) 2014-04-16
RU2014100163A (ru) 2015-07-20
US20140109468A1 (en) 2014-04-24

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Owner name: DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET, DENMARK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DAM-JOHANSEN, KIM;JENSEN, PETER A.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20140121 TO 20140122;REEL/FRAME:032078/0880

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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