TW201341085A - Casting device and casting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the present invention relates to a steel casting device and a steel casting method. The device comprises at least one mold, a tundish, and a connecting sleeve. The device is used to implement a process for casting steel by tapping.

Description

Casting device and casting method

This invention relates to continuous casting apparatus and methods for metal products such as steel.

In a continuous casting apparatus for steel, molten metal is continuously injected into a bottomless container called an ingot mold. The ingot mold typically includes a cooling wall that forms a substantially vertical casting cavity. The molten metal is generally directed to the ladle and fed into a container called a dispenser. The interior of the dispenser is typically covered with a refractory, high temperature resistant material. At the bottom of the distributor, a casting hole is provided through which the molten metal is fed into the ingot mold by gravity. At the beginning of the casting, the bottom of the ingot mold is sealed to form a liquid metal bath.

When the cooling wall of the ingot mold is in contact with the molten metal, a solidified metal skin or metal sand is formed along the inside of the ingot mold. Its thickness is greater as it goes down so that the cast product can be extracted through the bottom outlet. The center of the product is a liquid, then a transitional paste, and the outer skin is a solidified shell. After the product is fully cured, the product can be cut at the exit of the machine.

The metal is cast into the ingot mold for free fall. The upper layer of the metal bath, that is, the liquid meniscus, generally maintains a free atmospheric pressure. The initial solidification of the steel in the ingot mold determines the final quality of the cast product.

On the one hand, if the casting speed, that is, the speed at which the product is taken out of the ingot mold, is too low, the quality of the surface of the product is still rough. In fact, the meniscus is located The angle of contraction occurs in the plane and in contact with the cooled copper wall of the ingot mold. In order to prevent the steel from adhering to the wall of the ingot mold, the wall of the ingot mold must be lubricated. To do this, add lubricating powder or lubricating oil to the ingot mold, lubricate it on the meniscus, or lubricate along the wall. The ingot mold is driven by a vertical vibration motion so that the lubricant on the meniscus moves back and forth between the copper wall of the ingot mold and the steel. However, this vibrational motion exacerbates the signs of solidification, which can lead to defects in surface and appearance. As a result, it is often necessary to perform "scarfing" or surface cleaning of carbon steel, and stainless steel is required to be ground. In these processes, in order to reduce surface defects, the product skin will be removed by a very thick layer of steel, which will reduce production efficiency.

On the other hand, if the casting speed is too fast, the risk of burn-through increases. If the solidified shell is not thick enough and is not strong enough to withstand the hot metal being poured into the ingot mold, burn-through will occur. A too thin solidified shell is prone to mechanical stress. The ingot mold shell is burned through, and the almost uncooled molten metal flows out of the ingot mold. Depending on the gravity, the amount of steel poured into the machine can reach 3 to 5 tons, sometimes even more. This situation is very dangerous for the casting machine and the repair time required to burn through the damaged equipment will be very long.

However, the reduction in casting speed can reduce the risk of burn-through, but it also reduces production efficiency. Therefore, casting lines must be added to ensure proper production efficiency. This is also the reason for increased costs and increased maintenance requirements.

In all cases, when the ingot is fed by gravity, the meniscus surface forms strong fluctuations. This dynamic phenomenon increases the formation of a two-layer solidified membrane. risk. Fluctuations on the meniscus can cause spillage, which causes the steel to stick to the meniscus and a large number of cracks on the solidified membrane.

The feed flows into the bottom of the molten metal pool to increase the concentration of carbon (C), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), and alloying elements in the center of the product. This phenomenon is known as melting, and for some products, the melting phenomenon is unacceptable, for example, heavy plates or bearing steels, or other centers must be uniform products. Melting can have a negative impact on mechanical properties, causing more or less serious phenomena: bending, shearing, twisting, especially rebound. All of these phenomena are deteriorating as the solidification elements are concentrated toward the center. The most critical of these is the weldability of heavy plates and the uneven hardness of the bearing components.

Various techniques have been proposed to solve some of these problems. For example, a hot head ingot mold whose purpose is to reduce the contraction angle of the meniscus, thereby avoiding continuous cooling in the upper portion of the ingot mold. High frequency vibration or ultrasonic vibration are for the same purpose. It has also been proposed to make ingot molds from refractory materials. The refractory material is suitable for producing a hot meniscus. However, the triple focus formed by the refractory material - steel-copper is a fundamental obstacle, and since the temperature distribution of these elements is undetermined and diffuse, the solidification conditions at this time are random. In this method, it is necessary to find a suitable method of introducing the lubricant, as well as a material having a long service life.

In all of these processes, the feed is free falling. This means that actual control of dynamic shock, deep melting, melting, etc. cannot be performed. Only the supply can be adjusted by closing part of the dispenser opening, the opening of which is made up of a plug The rod is controlled. In addition, the rate of injection creates a vacuum pump that promotes oxidation by pumping, which increases the product's harmful oxide impurities.

Said casting technique has been proposed in EP 0 943 380 A1. The ingot mold used in this technology is equipped with a pressure control device that establishes a gas pressure in the space separating the free surface of the meniscus and the bottom surface of the distributor. This pressure compensates for the static iron pressure exerted by the metal posts located above the meniscus. By casting, the metal liquid from the dispenser replaces the amount of steel extracted from the ingot mold. This prevents the free fall of the liquid metal and reduces the fluctuations in the meniscus surface, and also eliminates the series of consequences of fluctuations.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a metal casting apparatus is proposed. The apparatus includes at least one ingot mold with a stave having an inner wall forming a casting cavity. The shaft or casting shaft of the casting cavity is substantially vertical. The ingot mold has at least one liquid metal inlet in its upper portion and at least one product outlet in its lower portion.

The device includes an attachment sleeve for an ingot mold. The connecting sleeve includes a wall panel having an inner wall that can form a chamber. The wall panel includes at least one aperture. The connecting sleeve is disposed upstream of the ingot mold and is mounted on the wall of the ingot mold by at least one joint so that the casting cavity of the ingot mold can extend upward.

The apparatus includes a dispenser for providing molten metal to at least one of the ingot molds. The dispenser includes a base having an outer surface, a wall, and at least one casting port disposed at the bottom. The dispenser is disposed on the wall of the connecting sleeve by at least one joint. The casting port is extended downward through the casting channel Stretch, enter the casting cavity of the ingot mold, and do not touch the inner surface of the ingot mold. The casting channel includes at least one outlet around its end through which metal flows into the ingot mold; the coupling sleeve has at least one opening connected to a filling device which fills the annular chamber with at least one material. During the operation of the device, once the metal level in the ingot mold exceeds the liquid level at the outlet of the casting channel, the annular chamber is at least connected to the inner surface of the sleeve, the outer surface of the casting passage, and the outer surface of the bottom of the distributor. And the free surface of the cast metal in the ingot mold limits the range.

Preferably, the filling means comprises a gas injection means connected to at least one opening of the connecting sleeve.

The filling device preferably includes means for adjusting the pressure.

Preferably, the filling means comprises a powder injection means which is connected at least to an opening of the connecting sleeve.

Preferably, the attachment sleeve preferably includes closure means for closing the chamber.

A flexible tube can be inserted between the connecting sleeve and the ingot mold or between the dispenser and the connecting sleeve.

Preferably, the wall of the casting channel has a varying longitudinal section.

More desirably, the longitudinal section of the casting channel wall may assume a tapered shape that tapers downwardly.

The casting channels are preferably distributed at a distance from the central axis of the ingot mold.

Preferably, the casting channel includes at least two exit apertures located adjacent the ends of the channels.

According to the requirements of the second aspect of the present invention, a device using the above device is proposed A method of controlling metal casting conditions. In this method, the pressure applied by the gas into the annular chamber is controlled to maintain the free surface of the metal at a substantially constant level.

The pressure applied by the gas to the annular chamber preferably fluctuates between a lower value and a higher value such that the free surface of the metal fluctuates between a higher level and a lower level.

The pressure in the annular chamber is preferably controlled to maintain the free surface of the metal at a substantially constant level.

According to a third mode of the present invention, a metal article produced by the above method is proposed.

According to another aspect of the invention, a connecting sleeve is proposed. The connecting sleeve is disposed between the ingot mold and a dispenser located in the metal casting apparatus. It includes a wall panel with an inner surface. The wall forms a chamber and has at least one hole for filling.

The present invention allows the casting of metal products to be carried out at high speed and ensures high quality cast products. This is mainly due to an accessory part located between the dispenser and the ingot mold. The connecting sleeve ensures that the pressurized material is introduced into the sealed chamber above the metal meniscus. The use of a sleeve can adjust the feed rate of the ingot mold. This ensures the stability of the meniscus, which increases the initial cure of the product and ensures a high metal extraction rate.

The invention may be described in detail by the drawings. The schema does not limit the hair The scope of application.

In the following, similar symbols represent similar concepts, but correspond to different configurations in the present invention, respectively. For example, the device symbols are 001, 101, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601, 701. For the sake of clarity, each diagram no longer has a repeated definition of the various concepts.

In accordance with the requirements of the first form of the invention, a casting machine is used in Figures 1 and 2. The device symbol 001 includes an ingot mold 010 provided with a cooling copper wall plate 011. Cooling devices are not specified or shown in the figures, and are known to those skilled in the art. The inner surface 012 of the ingot mold 010 forms a substantially vertical casting chamber 013. The molten metal enters the ingot mold through an inlet at the upper portion. When the product is cured or partially cured, it is discharged through a lower discharge port 014.

A connecting sleeve 020 is provided upstream of the ingot mold 010. The sleeve includes a wall 021, an inner surface 022, and a chamber 023 formed thereby. At least one of the panels 022 includes at least one aperture 024. Through the joint 030, the sleeve 020 is placed on the wall 011 of the ingot mold. In this way, the ingot casting chamber 013 extends upward. The connecting sleeve 020 is preferably of a single piece, but may also be composed of a plurality of parts which are assembled to form a sleeve.

Upstream of the connecting sleeve 020, the distributor 040 is placed on the wall 021 of the sleeve by means of a joint 031, while the inner wall of the distributor is at least covered with refractory material. Dispenser 040 is used to deliver molten metal to the ingot mold. At the bottom 041 of the dispenser is provided a casting hole 043 which extends downward through a pipe or casting tube 050. Pouring The cast tube is laid inside the casting chamber 023 formed by the connecting sleeve 020 and has at least one outlet opening 052 near its end, the outlet of which is located inside the ingot casting chamber 013. The wall 051 of the casting tube 050 is neither in contact with the wall 022 of the sleeve nor in contact with the wall 012 of the ingot mold. The conventional feeding mode of the distributor is that the molten steel enters the ladle, which is not described herein.

According to the description, the dispenser can also have a plurality of casting holes for feeding a plurality of ingot molds, and the production lines can be arranged in parallel.

During the casting process, a molten metal pool is formed in the ingot mold. The liquid metal flows out of the exit orifice of the casting tube and rises to level 070 which is slightly above the outlet orifice 052. Therefore, the outlet is immersed in a molten metal bath. The free surface of the molten metal thus forms a toroidal meniscus (assuming a profile of the circular product). The inner surface 012 of the ingot mold, or the inner surface 022 of the wall of the connecting sleeve, defines the outer limit of the annular shape, the interior of which is defined by the outer surface 051 of the cast tube wall. The meniscus 070, the bottom surface 0442 of the dispenser, the inner surface 012 of the ingot mold, and the inner surface 022 of the connecting sleeve, and the outer surface 051 of the casting tube form an annular chamber 060. The wall 021 of the connecting sleeve is provided with at least one hole 024 which can enter the annular chamber 060. A filling device 080 is attached to the aperture in a sealed manner. In this way, the substance can enter the annular chamber 060.

The purpose of introducing the substance into the annular chamber is to control the meniscus level and the velocity of the liquid metal feed stream. The upper part of the ingot can be uniformly cured by maintaining a stable liquid level and eliminating accidental splashing due to free fall. When using a free-falling feed, the molten metal can penetrate into the solidification In the molten metal. According to the present invention, as the feed rate is lowered, the liquid metal tends to rise to the surface of the molten metal bath. When the liquid level of the meniscus is undisturbed, the risk of forming a two-layer film and a typical solidification angle is reduced, and segregation is prevented in the center of the product. The reduction in the number of solidification angles reduces the burn-through phenomenon because the risk of collapse of the solidified membrane is less. The casting speed, that is, the speed at which the product is extracted from the ingot mold, can be increased.

As shown in Figure 3, the height h between the free surface of the metal in the dispenser and the free surface of the meniscus 070 in the ingot determines the pressure exerted by the cylinder on the meniscus.

The kinetic energy of the jet is negligible in implementation, and its pressure can be approximated by P = ρgh. The liquid metal density is represented by ρ, and g represents the gravitational acceleration. The height h can be measured at any time by the sensors 015, 045 mounted in the dispenser and the annular chamber. Therefore, the pressure P can be determined by these values. When a pressure Pm equal to P = ρgh is applied to the surface of the meniscus, the pressure P can be compensated. Therefore, there is no longer a free flowing liquid metal. If a certain amount of material is extracted from the ingot exit, the dispenser will deliver an equal amount of liquid metal to the ingot mold, allowing P = Pm to restore equilibrium. Only the casting speed v _c determines the feed rate v _a . In fact, v _a = v _c (S _c /S _a ) can always be found by the conservation law and considering the ingot mold cross section S _c and the cast tube cross section S _a .

The cross-sectional ratio determines the feed rate compared to the casting speed. This greatly reduces the disturbance of the meniscus surface. In practice, the ratio between the feed rate and the casting speed (S _c /S _a ) is recommended not to exceed 5. Since the feed rate is independent of the upstream casting tube, one distributor can replenish multiple ingot molds, and the casting speeds on different production lines are also different.

If the regulated pressure Pm is not equal to P = ρgh, the free fall feed mode can be combined with the continuous feed mode.

The present invention suggests the use of the mode shown in Figure 4, in which the first aperture 124 of the connecting sleeve 120 is used to supply air to the annular chamber 160. The hole is preferably provided on the upper portion of the connecting sleeve. The second hole 125 of the connecting sleeve is used as an exhaust gas discharge port. The venting duct 181 is connected to the first hole in a sealed manner. Its sealed joint is a high temperature resistant material. Pressure regulating device 184 is used to regulate the pressure of the gas introduced into chamber 160. The pressure regulator 184 uses metal level measurements z2 and z1 in the distributor and annular chamber, which are provided by sensors 145, 115 mounted at the same level as the distributor and the annular chamber, calculating the height h And the pressure Pm applied to the meniscus surface 170. Additionally, regulator 184 can act on the valve or valve 182, 183 for adjusting the flow of air into and out of the annular chamber.

The pressure Pm of the injected gas is applied to the surface of the meniscus, and it is preferable to adjust the Pm so as to substantially coincide with the pressure P applied to the meniscus surface by the cylinder. By using a connecting sleeve that separates the ingot mold from the dispenser, equipment maintenance will be easier, and existing ingot molds and dispensers can be easily implemented. If you need to repair the meniscus, remove the dispenser and / or the connecting sleeve. In an ideal situation, you need to use a relative Steel is a neutral gas such as argon, nitrogen, helium, or other gases.

In an alternative embodiment (not shown), some pressure control devices are used to adjust the pressure Pm of the injected gas to change the level of the meniscus. For example, its adjustment can be a sinusoidal adjustment of the Pm average. The small adjustment of the meniscus liquid surface can produce similar effects to the mechanical vibration of the ingot mold and is beneficial to the lubrication of the ingot mold wall. This method can replace the mechanical vibration device.

If the ingot wall is very lubricated, the extraction of the product will be easier. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable to add a lubricating powder or lubricating oil 291 to the gas entering the annular chamber 260. Within the chamber, the powder rests on the meniscus 270, melts, and enters between the ingot mold wall and the steel. In order to add lubricating powder or lubricating oil to the annular chamber, the filling device 280 needs to include a container, for example, a hopper 290 containing a lubricant 291, and preferably a hopper 292 is connected to the intake pipe 281 by a feed tube 292. stand up. The pressure of the gas is regulated by adjustment means 284, and a lubricant can be added to the gas by opening valve 293 before the gas enters the chamber through inlet port 224.

In this configuration, the annular chamber 260 is filled with gas and powder during the casting process. Before the gas enters the loop circuit, the gas is filtered through the filter unit 285 to remove the lubricant and then discharged through the outlet 225. Alternatively, an opening different from the intake hole may be provided in the upper portion of the connecting sleeve for supplying the lubricant powder. This configuration is not illustrated in the figure.

Another version of the invention is shown in FIG. It uses the same original as the casting Reason. At least one opening hole 324 is used in the connecting sleeve 320 to replenish the annular chamber 360 with lubricant powder through the filling device 380. The meniscus 370 of the meniscus is measured by a known sensor 315. The annular chamber is filled with powder. In order to be able to withstand the heated powder in the annular chamber, at least a portion of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve is coated with a heat resistant material 326. The pressure P exerted on the meniscus by the cylinder pushes the meniscus 370 toward the powder mass that has filled the entire space. By the reaction, a pressure Pm equal to P is used to compensate the pressure P, and the balance effect is similar to that described above. If a certain amount of material is extracted from the exit of the ingot mold, the dispenser will replenish the ingot mold with the same amount of liquid metal until the meniscus is pushed toward the powder block.

A hole 324 in the connecting sleeve 320 for introducing the lubricating powder 391 is preferably provided on the upper portion of the sleeve. The lubricant entering the chamber is in the form of a powder, or it is more granular. As the lubricating powder gets closer to the hot meniscus 370, the lubricating powder gradually melts. It forms a layer of fluid 327 on the surface of the meniscus. On the one hand, the powder has the effect of regulating the pressure and on the other hand it acts as a lubricant. Therefore, the disturbance of the meniscus surface is reduced because the feed of liquid metal in the ingot mold is not in the form of a free fall. The initial curing effect is improved by the calm surface of the metal, and the quality of the cast product is also improved. In addition, uniform lubrication is also beneficial for product extraction.

One of the methods of introducing the lubricating powder into the connecting sleeve 320 is to use a container such as the sealing hopper 390, and it is installed at a position higher than the annular chamber 360. The lower portion of the hopper passes through the conduit 393 and the opening hole 324 of the connecting sleeve Connected to cause the powder 391 to flow into the chamber above the meniscus 370. The powder flows by gravity. The portion of the upper portion of the hopper that is emptied is connected to a pressure control device, which is not shown in the drawings, such as the use of pressurized gas. The pressure in the upper portion of the hopper acts to prevent backflow, preventing the flowing powder from returning to the feed conduit 393. It is also possible to replace it with a mechanical device, such as a worm, which is arranged in the feed tube for ensuring the supply of lubricating powder in the annular chamber. Such a device is not specific to those skilled in the art.

According to all embodiments of the invention, the conventional shape of the casting tube is cylindrical, preferably tapered, parabolic, or other form. An example of a conic section is shown in FIG. The tube body is generally hollow and the wall plate is tapered, at least in the lower portion of the tube 450 that connects the sleeve chamber to the ingot casting chamber. During the casting process, the casting holes produce gas emissions sporadically. These gases come from molten metal or lubricating fluids (lubricating oil or lubricating powder covering the meniscus). These gas emissions may interfere with the surface of the meniscus within the ingot mold. The tapered shape of the casting tube 450 can partially reduce the effects of transient pressure and better maintain the stability of the molten metal bath.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the casting tube is provided with a discharge opening upstream of the casting hole. As shown in Fig. 8a, if a plurality of casting holes 552, 553 are provided near the lower end of the casting pipe 550, at least one discharge hole 552 is provided upstream of the second casting hole 553. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 8b, the casting tube 650 is tilted to the end to enclose the casting aperture 652 such that the cross-section 654 of the casting aperture is inclined to the plane 670 where the molten metal bath is located. These settings will help The metal leads to the wall and reduces fluctuations in the metal bath. Other equivalent configurations can also be used by those skilled in the art. The asymmetry of the jet stabilizes the flow of the metal and moves it in one direction. When the jet is symmetrical and moves around the center, the hydraulic balance can be avoided, and the hydraulic balance can cause arbitrary fluctuations.

The deviation of the melt flow in the ingot mold may also be due to improper heating of the liquid bath because the liquid metal preferentially flows to the side of the casting tube having the casting hole, which is located at the most upstream end of the casting tube. To solve this problem, the casting tube is placed at the bottom of the dispenser, offset from its central axis with the ingot mold. This configuration is shown in Figure 8c. Alternatively, a casting tube is placed at the bottom of the dispenser and offset from the connecting sleeve.

For safety reasons, the connecting sleeve is preferably equipped with a sealing system. The plugs used in the dispenser to seal the cast tube can stop the operation of the equipment. In accordance with the present invention, a set of auxiliary or replacement systems is added to the sealing plug which is disposed within the connecting sleeve. The system, not shown in the drawings, includes a heat-resistant drawer that closes the casting tube as long as a plate is inserted vertically into the casting axis. The insertion of the board is controlled by a stand. The casting tube in this configuration has at least one opening perpendicular to the casting axis for inserting the plate and, when the casting tube is not closed, is enclosed by an integral heat resistant ring.

When the thermal expansion is unknown or uncertain, when the actual construction distance of the joint is too far, or when the position of the components constituting the equipment is unknown, a bellows is inserted into the bottom of the dispenser or the ingot mold. The bellows is less flexible, sandwiched between the dispenser and the connecting sleeve, or between the connecting sleeve and the ingot mold.

The bellows can also be used for conventional mechanical shocks or, when the capacity of the dispenser is determined by weight, can be used to avoid calculation errors in the sense level height.

The implementation of the apparatus arrangement and casting method can be accomplished by those skilled in the art in accordance with the present invention. This description does not limit the scope of application of the present invention, but rather the results obtained in accordance with the scope of the appended claims.

001‧‧‧ casting device

010‧‧‧ingot mould

011‧‧‧(ingot mold) siding

012‧‧‧ (ingot mold) inner surface

013‧‧‧ casting chamber

014‧‧‧Export

015‧‧‧Sensor

020‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

021‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) siding

022‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) inner surface

023‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) chamber

024‧‧‧(connection sleeve) hole

030‧‧‧Connector

031‧‧‧Connector

040‧‧‧Distributor

041‧‧‧ (dispenser) bottom

042‧‧‧(distributor) bottom surface; (dispenser) outer surface

043‧‧‧(Distributor) casting hole

045‧‧‧Sensor

050‧‧‧casting pipe

051‧‧‧ (casting pipe) wall; (casting pipe) outer surface

052‧‧‧Exit hole

060‧‧‧Circular chamber

070‧‧‧ liquid level; (cast metal) meniscus; (cast metal) free surface

080‧‧‧Filling device

101‧‧‧ casting device

110‧‧‧ingot mould

115‧‧‧ Sensor

120‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

124‧‧‧(connection sleeve) (first) hole

125‧‧‧(connection sleeve) (second) hole

140‧‧‧Distributor

145‧‧‧ sensor

160‧‧‧Circular chamber

170‧‧‧(casting metal) (meniscus) surface

180‧‧‧Filling device

181‧‧‧ Ventilation duct

182‧‧‧ valve; valve

183‧‧‧ valve; valve

184‧‧‧ (pressure) regulating device; (pressure) regulator

201‧‧‧ casting device

210‧‧‧ingot mould

220‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

224‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) (inlet) hole

225‧‧‧ (connection sleeve) (outlet) hole; outlet

240‧‧‧Distributor

245‧‧‧ sensor

260‧‧‧Circular chamber

270‧‧‧(casting metal) (meniscus) surface

280‧‧‧Filling device

281‧‧‧Intake pipe

282‧‧‧Valves; valves

283‧‧‧Valves; valves

284‧‧‧(pressure) adjustment device

285‧‧‧Filter device

290‧‧‧(lubricant) hopper

291‧‧‧Lubricants (lubricating powder, lubricating oil)

292‧‧‧ Feeding tube

293‧‧‧(lubricant hopper) valve

301‧‧‧ casting device

310‧‧‧ Ingot mould

315‧‧‧ sensor

320‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

324‧‧‧(connection sleeve) (opening) hole

326‧‧‧heat resistant materials

327‧‧‧ fluid (layer)

340‧‧‧Distributor

360‧‧‧Circular chamber

370‧‧‧(casting metal) (meniscus) surface; liquid level

380‧‧‧Filling device

390‧‧‧(sealed) hopper

391‧‧‧Lubricants (lubricating powder, powder)

393‧‧‧ (feed) catheter

401‧‧‧ casting device

410‧‧‧ingot mould

420‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

424‧‧‧ (connection sleeve) hole

440‧‧‧Distributor

450‧‧‧(casting) tube

452‧‧‧Exit hole

460‧‧‧Circular chamber

470‧‧‧ (cast metal) (meniscus) surface

501‧‧‧ casting device

510‧‧‧ingot mould

520‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

524‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) hole

540‧‧‧Distributor

550‧‧‧(casting) tube

552‧‧‧(casting) hole

553‧‧‧(casting) hole

560‧‧‧Circular chamber

570‧‧‧(casting metal) (meniscus) surface

601‧‧‧ casting device

610‧‧‧ingot mould

620‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

624‧‧‧(connection sleeve) (opening) hole

640‧‧‧Distributor

650‧‧‧casting pipe

652‧‧‧ casting hole

654‧‧‧ (casting hole) cross section

660‧‧‧Circular chamber

670‧‧‧ (metal molten pool) plane

701‧‧‧ casting device

710‧‧‧ingot mould

720‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

724‧‧‧ (connection sleeve) hole

740‧‧‧Distributor

750‧‧‧casting tube

752‧‧‧ casting hole

760‧‧‧Circular chamber

770‧‧‧ (cast metal) (meniscus) surface

G‧‧‧gravity acceleration

Ρ‧‧‧ (liquid metal) density

H‧‧‧(inter-surface) height

v _a ‧‧‧ (feeding) speed

v _c ‧‧‧(casting) speed

S _a ‧‧‧ (casting pipe) cross section

S _c ‧‧‧ (ingot mold) cross section

Z1‧‧‧ (ring chamber) level measurement

Z2‧‧‧(dispenser) level measurement

P‧‧‧(calculation) pressure

Pm‧‧‧ (applied, regulated) pressure

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figures 8(a) to (c) are schematic cross-sectional views showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

001‧‧‧ casting device

010‧‧‧ingot mould

011‧‧‧(ingot mold) siding

012‧‧‧ (ingot mold) inner surface

013‧‧‧ casting chamber

014‧‧‧Export

020‧‧‧(connection) sleeve

021‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) siding

022‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) inner surface

023‧‧‧ (connecting sleeve) chamber

024‧‧‧(connection sleeve) hole

030‧‧‧Connector

031‧‧‧Connector

040‧‧‧Distributor

041‧‧‧ (dispenser) bottom

042‧‧‧(distributor) bottom surface; (dispenser) outer surface

043‧‧‧(Distributor) casting hole

050‧‧‧casting pipe

051‧‧‧ (casting pipe) wall; (casting pipe) outer surface

052‧‧‧Exit hole

070‧‧‧ liquid level; (cast metal) meniscus; (cast metal) free surface

Claims (15)

A metal casting apparatus (001) comprising: at least one ingot mold (010) including a cooling wall (011), the inner surface (012) of the wall forming a substantially vertical casting chamber (013), The upper part has a liquid metal inlet hole, and the lower part has a product discharge hole (014); the connection sleeve (020) of each ingot mold has a wall plate (021), an inner surface (022) of the wall plate, and The chamber (023) thus formed and including at least one hole (024); the connection sleeve is disposed upstream of the ingot mold (010) and mounted on the ingot mold wall plate by at least one joint (030) (011 The chamber (023) extends the casting chamber (013) of the ingot mold upward; the distributor (040) is configured to deliver liquid metal to at least one ingot mold (010), the dispenser including one with an outer a bottom portion (041) of the surface (042), a wall plate, and at least one casting hole (043) provided at the bottom; the distributor is provided on the wall plate of the connecting sleeve (020) by at least one joint (031) (021 The casting hole (043) extends downward through the casting tube (050) into the casting chamber (013) of the ingot mold, but does not contact the inner surface (012) of the ingot mold, and the casting tube is at its end point There is at least one exit hole (052) through which the metal flows into the ingot mold; wherein at least one hole (024) in the connecting sleeve (020) is connected to the filling device for filling the annular chamber ( 060); during the operation of the device, when the metal level in the ingot mold is higher than the liquid level at the outlet of the casting tube, the inner surface (022) of the connecting sleeve, the outer surface of the casting tube (051), and the bottom of the dispenser The outer surface (042), and the free surface (070) of the cast metal in the ingot mold, define the annular chamber The scope. The device of claim 1, wherein the filling device comprises a gas introduction device, the introduction device being connected to at least one hole of the connecting sleeve. The device of claim 2, wherein the filling device comprises a pressure regulating device. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filling device comprises a lubricating powder introduction device, the introduction device being connected at least to a hole of the connecting sleeve. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting sleeve (020) comprises: a closing device for closing the chamber (023). A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a flexible bellows is sandwiched between the connecting sleeve and the ingot mold, or between the dispenser and the connecting sleeve. A device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the wall of the casting tube (050) has a varying longitudinal section. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the longitudinal section of the wall of the casting tube (050) is a conical shape that tapers downward. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the position of the casting tube is offset from a central axis of the ingot mold. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the end of the casting tube further comprises at least two outlet holes. A method of controlling a metal casting condition, using the apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein a pressure regulating device is used The pressure exerted by the gas on the annular chamber (060) is adjusted to ensure that the liquid level of the free surface (070) of the metal is substantially constant. A method of controlling a metal casting condition, which uses the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the pressure exerted by the gas on the annular chamber (060) is adjusted to be lower and higher. The value fluctuates between the liquid level of the free surface (070) of the metal fluctuating between the higher liquid level and the lower liquid level. A method of controlling metal casting conditions, which uses the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the volume of the annular chamber (060) is adjusted so that the liquid surface of the free surface (070) of the metal is substantially The upper is constant. A cast metal product obtained by the method of any one of claims 11 to 13. A connecting sleeve (020) for being disposed between an ingot mold of a metal casting apparatus and a dispenser, the connecting sleeve comprising: a wall plate (021), the inner surface (022) of the wall forming a chamber (023) And include at least one hole (024) for equipping the filling device.