高二英语上下册的知识点总结
【重点词汇、短语】
put forward 提出
conclude 结束，结论
draw a conclusion 得出结论
defeat 打败
attend 照顾，护理，出席
expose to 使显露
cure 治愈，治疗
challenge 挑战
suspect 怀疑，被怀疑者
blame 责备
handle 柄，把手，处理，掌控
link 联系，连接
link to 将…和…连接
announce 宣布
contribute 捐献，贡献
apart from 除了
be strict with 对…严格
make sense 讲的通，有意义
spin 使旋转
reject 拒绝，抛弃
【重点句型】
What do you know about infectious diseases?
你对传染性疾病了解多少?
John Snow was a famous doctor in London – so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal
约翰·_是伦敦一位的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为维多利亚女王的私_夫。
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to
但当他一想到要帮助患了霍乱的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奋。
Neither its cause, nor its cure was
人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was
他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed
约翰·_猜想第二个理论是正确的，但他需要证据。
It seemed that the water was to
看来要归罪于饮用水了。
He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be
约翰·_马上叫宽街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。
【语法总结】
过去分词作定语和表语
一. 过去分词作表语
作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态，相当于形容词，强调主谓关系;被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系,绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。
过去分词做表语与被动语态的差异:
The store is now (系表)
The library is usually closed at 8:00 (被动)
某些过去分词作表语，多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化, 其主语主要是人。
这类过去分词通常为下列过去分词: delighted, devoted, discouraged , astonished, frightened, excited, inspired, encouraged, interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .
二. 过去分词作定语
作定语的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。
过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，置于其所修饰的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed
我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
过去分词短语用作定语时，置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a
他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。
过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
The meeting，attended by over five thousand people，welcomed the great
他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。