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*mini.ai* Extend and create a/i textobjects
MIT License Copyright (c) 2022 Evgeni Chasnovski
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi*
Enhance some builtin |text-objects| (like |a(|, |a)|, |a'|, and more),
create new ones (like `a*`, `a<Space>`, `af`, `a?`, and more), and allow
user to create their own.
Features:
- Customizable creation of `a`/`i` textobjects using Lua patterns and functions.
Supports:
- Dot-repeat.
- |v:count|.
- Different search methods (see |MiniAi.config|).
- Consecutive application (update selection without leaving Visual mode).
- Aliases for multiple textobjects.
- Comprehensive builtin textobjects (see more in |MiniAi-builtin-textobjects|):
- Balanced brackets (with and without whitespace) plus alias.
- Balanced quotes plus alias.
- Function call.
- Argument.
- Tag.
- Derived from user prompt.
- Default for anything but Latin letters (to fall back to |text-objects|).
For more textobjects see |MiniExtra.gen_ai_spec|.
- Motions for jumping to left/right edge of textobject.
- Set of specification generators to tweak some builtin textobjects (see
|MiniAi.gen_spec|).
- Treesitter textobjects (through |MiniAi.gen_spec.treesitter()| helper).
This module works by defining mappings for both `a` and `i` in Visual and
Operator-pending mode. After typing, they wait for single character user input
treated as textobject identifier and apply resolved textobject specification
(fall back to other mappings if can't find proper textobject id). For more
information see |MiniAi-textobject-specification| and |MiniAi-algorithm|.
Known issues which won't be resolved:
- Search for builtin textobjects is done mostly using Lua patterns
(regex-like approach). Certain amount of false positives is to be expected.
- During search for builtin textobjects there is no distinction if it is
inside string or comment. For example, in the following case there will
be wrong match for a function call: `f(a = ")", b = 1)`.
General rule of thumb: any instrument using available parser for document
structure (like treesitter) will usually provide more precise results. This
module has builtins mostly for plain text textobjects which are useful
most of the times (like "inside brackets", "around quotes/underscore", etc.).
For advanced use cases define function specification for custom textobjects.
What it doesn't (and probably won't) do:
- Have special operators to specially handle whitespace (like `I` and `A`
in 'targets.vim'). Whitespace handling is assumed to be done inside
textobject specification (like `i(` and `i)` handle whitespace differently).
# Setup ~
This module needs a setup with `require('mini.ai').setup({})` (replace
`{}` with your `config` table). It will create global Lua table `MiniAi`
which you can use for scripting or manually (with `:lua MiniAi.*`).
See |MiniAi.config| for available config settings.
You can override runtime config settings (like `config.custom_textobjects`)
locally to buffer inside `vim.b.miniai_config` which should have same structure
as `MiniAi.config`. See |mini.nvim-buffer-local-config| for more details.
To stop module from showing non-error feedback, set `config.silent = true`.
# Comparisons ~
- [wellle/targets.vim](https://github.com/wellle/targets.vim):
- Has limited support for creating own textobjects: it is constrained
to pre-defined detection rules. 'mini.ai' allows creating own rules
via Lua patterns and functions (see |MiniAi-textobject-specification|).
- Doesn't provide any programmatical API for getting information about
textobjects. 'mini.ai' does it via |MiniAi.find_textobject()|.
- Has no implementation of "moving to edge of textobject". 'mini.ai'
does it via |MiniAi.move_cursor()| and `g[` and `g]` default mappings.
- Both implement the notion of manual "next"/"last" search directions.
- Implements `A`, `I` operators. 'mini.ai' does not by design: it is
assumed to be a property of textobject, not operator.
- Doesn't implement "function call" and "user prompt" textobjects.
'mini.ai' does (with `f` and `?` identifiers).
- Has limited support for "argument" textobject. Although it works in
most situations, it often misdetects commas as argument separator
(like if it is inside quotes or `{}`). 'mini.ai' deals with these cases.
- [nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects](https://github.com/nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects):
- Along with textobject functionality provides a curated and maintained
set of popular textobject queries for many languages (which can power
|MiniAi.gen_spec.treesitter()| functionality).
- Both support working with |treesitter-directives| allowing more
fine-tuned textobjects.
- Implements only textobjects based on treesitter.
- Doesn't support |v:count|.
- Doesn't support multiple search method (basically, only 'cover').
- Doesn't support consecutive application of target textobject.
# Disabling ~
To disable, set `vim.g.miniai_disable` (globally) or `vim.b.miniai_disable`
(for a buffer) to `true`. Considering high number of different scenarios
and customization intentions, writing exact rules for disabling module's
functionality is left to user. See |mini.nvim-disabling-recipes| for common
recipes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi-builtin-textobjects*
This table describes all builtin textobjects along with what they
represent. Explanation:
- `Key` represents the textobject identifier: single character which should
be typed after `a`/`i`.
- `Name` is a description of textobject.
- `Example line` contains a string for which examples are constructed. The
`*` denotes the cursor position.
- `a`/`i` describe inclusive region representing `a` and `i` textobjects.
Use numbers in separators for easier navigation.
- `2a`/`2i` describe either `2a`/`2i` (support for |v:count|) textobjects
or `a`/`i` textobject followed by another `a`/`i` textobject (consecutive
application leads to incremental selection).
Example: typing `va)` with cursor on `*` leads to selection from column 2
to column 12. Another typing `a)` changes selection to [1; 13]. Also, besides
visual selection, any |operator| can be used or `g[`/`g]` motions to move
to left/right edge of `a` textobject.
>
┌───┬───────────────┬──────────────────┬────────┬────────┬────────┬────────┐
│Key│ Name │ Example line │ a │ i │ 2a │ 2i │
├───┴───────────────┴──────────────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┤
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ ( │ Balanced () │ (( *a (bb) )) │ │ │ │ │
│ [ │ Balanced [] │ [[ *a [bb] ]] │ [2;12] │ [4;10] │ [1;13] │ [2;12] │
│ { │ Balanced {} │ {{ *a {bb} }} │ │ │ │ │
│ < │ Balanced <> │ << *a <bb> >> │ │ │ │ │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ ) │ Balanced () │ (( *a (bb) )) │ │ │ │ │
│ ] │ Balanced [] │ [[ *a [bb] ]] │ │ │ │ │
│ } │ Balanced {} │ {{ *a {bb} }} │ [2;12] │ [3;11] │ [1;13] │ [2;12] │
│ > │ Balanced <> │ << *a <bb> >> │ │ │ │ │
│ b │ Alias for │ [( *a {bb} )] │ │ │ │ │
│ │ ), ], or } │ │ │ │ │ │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ " │ Balanced " │ "*a" " bb " │ │ │ │ │
│ ' │ Balanced ' │ '*a' ' bb ' │ │ │ │ │
│ ` │ Balanced ` │ `*a` ` bb ` │ [1;4] │ [2;3] │ [6;11] │ [7;10] │
│ q │ Alias for │ '*a' " bb " │ │ │ │ │
│ │ ", ', or ` │ │ │ │ │ │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ ? │ User prompt │ e*e o e o o │ [3;5] │ [4;4] │ [7;9] │ [8;8] │
│ │(typed e and o)│ │ │ │ │ │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ t │ Tag │ <x><y>*a</y></x> │ [4;12] │ [7;8] │ [1;16] │ [4;12] │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ f │ Function call │ f(a, g(*b, c) ) │ [6;13] │ [8;12] │ [1;15] │ [3;14] │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ a │ Argument │ f(*a, g(b, c) ) │ [3;5] │ [3;4] │ [5;14] │ [7;13] │
├┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈1234567890123456┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┤
│ │ Default │ aa_*b__cc___ │ [4;7] │ [4;5] │ [8;12] │ [8;9] │
│ │ (typed _) │ │ │ │ │ │
└───┴───────────────┴──────────────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┘
<
Notes:
- All examples assume default `config.search_method`.
- Open brackets differ from close brackets by how they treat inner edge
whitespace for `i` textobject: open ignores it, close - includes.
- Default textobject is activated for identifiers which are not Latin letters.
They are designed to be treated as separators, so include only right edge
in `a` textobject. To include both edges, use custom textobjects
(see |MiniAi-textobject-specification| and |MiniAi.config|). Note:
- When cursor is exactly on the identifier character while there are
two matching candidates on both left and right, the resulting region
with smaller width is preferred.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi-glossary*
Note: this is similar to |MiniSurround-glossary|.
REGION ~
Table representing region in a buffer. Fields:
- <from> and <to> for inclusive start and end positions (<to> might be
`nil` to describe empty region). Each position is also a table with
line <line> and column <col> (both start at 1).
- <vis_mode> for which Visual mode will be used to select textobject.
See `opts` argument of |MiniAi.select_textobject()|.
One of `'v'`, `'V'`, `'\22'` (escaped `'<C-v>'`).
Examples: >lua
{ from = { line = 1, col = 1 }, to = { line = 2, col = 1 } }
-- Forced linewise mode
{
from = { line = 1, col = 1 }, to = { line = 2, col = 1 },
vis_mode = 'V',
}
-- Empty region
{ from = { line = 10, col = 10 } }
<
PATTERN ~
String describing Lua pattern.
SPAN ~
Interval inside a string (end-exclusive). Like [1, 5). Equal `from` and `to` edges
describe empty span at that point.
Span `A = [a1, a2)` covers `B = [b1, b2)` if every element of `B` is within
`A` (`a1 <= b < a2`). It also is described as "B is nested inside A".
NESTED PATTERN ~
Array of patterns aimed to describe nested spans.
SPAN MATCHES NESTED PATTERN ~
If there is a sequence of consecutively nested spans each matching
corresponding pattern within substring of previous span (or input string
for first span). Example: >lua
-- Nested patterns for balanced `()` with inner space
{ '%b()', '^. .* .$' }
-- Example input string (with columns underneath for easier reading):
"( ( () ( ) ) )"
-- 12345678901234
<
Here are all matching spans [1, 15) and [3, 13). Both [5, 7) and [8, 10)
match first pattern but not second. All other combinations of `(` and `)`
don't match first pattern (not balanced).
COMPOSED PATTERN ~
Array with each element describing possible pattern (or array of them) at
that place. Composed pattern basically defines all possible combinations of
nested pattern (their cartesian product). Examples:
1. Either balanced `()` or balanced `[]` but both with inner edge space: >lua
-- Composed pattern
{ { '%b()', '%b[]' }, '^. .* .$' }
-- Composed pattern expanded into equivalent array of nested patterns
{ '%b()', '^. .* .$' } -- and
{ '%b[]', '^. .* .$' }
<
2. Either "balanced `()` with inner edge space" or "balanced `[]` with no
inner edge space", both with 5 or more characters: >lua
-- Composed pattern
{ { { '%b()', '^. .* .$' }, { '%b[]', '^.[^ ].*[^ ].$' } }, '.....' }
-- Composed pattern expanded into equivalent array of nested patterns
{ '%b()', '^. .* .$', '.....' } -- and
{ '%b[]', '^.[^ ].*[^ ].$', '.....' }
<
SPAN MATCHES COMPOSED PATTERN ~
If it matches at least one nested pattern from expanded composed pattern.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi-textobject-specification*
Textobject specification has a structure of composed pattern (see
|MiniAi-glossary|) with two differences:
- Last pattern(s) should have even number of empty capture groups denoting
how the last string should be processed to extract `a` or `i` textobject:
- Zero captures mean that whole string represents both `a` and `i`.
Example: `xxx` will define textobject matching string `xxx` literally.
- Two captures represent `i` textobject inside of them. `a` - whole string.
Example: `x()x()x` defines `a` textobject to be `xxx`, `i` - middle `x`.
- Four captures define `a` textobject inside captures 1 and 4, `i` -
inside captures 2 and 3. Example: `x()()x()x()` defines `a`
textobject to be last `xx`, `i` - middle `x`.
- Allows callable objects (see |vim.is_callable()|) in certain places
(enables more complex textobjects in exchange of increase in configuration
complexity and computations):
- If specification itself is a callable, it will be called with the same
arguments as |MiniAi.find_textobject()| and should return one of:
- Composed pattern. Useful for implementing user input. Example of
simplified variant of textobject for function call with name taken
from user prompt: >lua
function()
local left_edge = vim.pesc(vim.fn.input('Function name: '))
return { left_edge .. '%b()', '^.-%(().*()%)$' }
end
<
- Single output region. Useful to allow full control over
textobject. Will be taken as is. Example of returning whole buffer: >lua
function()
local from = { line = 1, col = 1 }
local to = {
line = vim.fn.line('$'),
col = math.max(vim.fn.getline('$'):len(), 1)
}
return { from = from, to = to, vis_mode = 'V' }
end
<
- Array of output region(s). Useful for incorporating other
instruments, like treesitter (see |MiniAi.gen_spec.treesitter()|).
The best region will be picked in the same manner as with composed
pattern (respecting options `n_lines`, `search_method`, etc.).
Example of selecting "best" line with display width more than 80: >lua
function(_, _, _)
local res = {}
for i = 1, vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(0) do
local cur_line = vim.fn.getline(i)
if vim.fn.strdisplaywidth(cur_line) > 80 then
local region = {
from = { line = i, col = 1 },
to = { line = i, col = cur_line:len() },
}
table.insert(res, region)
end
end
return res
end
<
- If there is a callable instead of assumed string pattern, it is expected
to have signature `(line, init)` and behave like `pattern:find()`.
It should return two numbers representing span in `line` next after
or at `init` (`nil` if there is no such span).
!IMPORTANT NOTE!: it means that output's `from` shouldn't be strictly
to the left of `init` (it will lead to infinite loop). Not allowed as
last item (as it should be pattern with captures).
Example of matching only balanced parenthesis with big enough width: >lua
{
'%b()',
function(s, init)
if init > 1 or s:len() < 5 then return end
return 1, s:len()
end,
'^.().*().$'
}
<
More examples: >lua
-- Pair of balanced brackets from set (used for builtin `b` identifier):
{ { '%b()', '%b[]', '%b{}' }, '^.().*().$' }
-- Imitate word ignoring digits and punctuation (only for Latin alphabet):
{ '()()%f[%w]%w+()[ \t]*()' }
-- Word with camel case support (also supports only Latin alphabet):
{
{
'%u[%l%d]+%f[^%l%d]',
'%f[%S][%l%d]+%f[^%l%d]',
'%f[%P][%l%d]+%f[^%l%d]',
'^[%l%d]+%f[^%l%d]',
},
'^().*()$'
}
-- Number:
{ '%f[%d]%d+' }
-- Date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format:
{ '()%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d()' }
-- Lua block string:
{ '%[%[().-()%]%]' }
<
See |MiniAi.gen_spec| for function wrappers to create commonly used
textobject specifications.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi-algorithm*
Search for the textobjects relies on these principles:
- It uses same input data as described in |MiniAi.find_textobject()|,
i.e. whether it is `a` or `i` textobject, its identifier, reference region, etc.
- Textobject specification is constructed based on textobject identifier
(see |MiniAi-textobject-specification|).
- General search is done by converting some 2d buffer region (neighborhood
of reference region) into 1d string (each line is appended with `\n`).
Then search for a best span matching textobject specification is done
inside string (see |MiniAi-glossary|). After that, span is converted back
into 2d region. Note: first search is done inside reference region lines,
and only after that - inside its neighborhood within `config.n_lines`
(see |MiniAi.config|).
- The best matching span is chosen by iterating over all spans matching
textobject specification and comparing them with "current best".
Comparison also depends on reference region (tighter covering is better,
otherwise closer is better) and search method (if span is even considered).
- Extract span based on extraction pattern (last item in nested pattern).
- If task is to perform a consecutive search (`opts.n_times` is greater than 1),
steps are repeated with current best match becoming reference region.
One such additional step is also done if final region is equal to
reference region (this enables consecutive application).
Notes:
- Iteration over all matched spans is done in depth-first fashion with
respect to nested pattern.
- It is guaranteed that span is compared only once.
- For the sake of increasing functionality, during iteration over all
matching spans, some Lua patterns in composed pattern are handled
specially.
- `%bxx` (`xx` is two identical characters). It denotes balanced pair
of identical characters and results into "paired" matches. For
example, `%b""` for `"aa" "bb"` would match `"aa"` and `"bb"`, but
not middle `" "`.
- `x.-y` (`x` and `y` are different strings). It results only in matches with
smallest width. For example, `e.-o` for `e e o o` will result only in
middle `e o`. Note: it has some implications for when parts have
quantifiers (like `+`, etc.), which usually can be resolved with
frontier pattern `%f[]` (see examples in |MiniAi-textobject-specification|).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.setup()*
`MiniAi.setup`({config})
Module setup
Parameters ~
{config} `(table|nil)` Module config table. See |MiniAi.config|.
Usage ~
>lua
require('mini.ai').setup() -- use default config
-- OR
require('mini.ai').setup({}) -- replace {} with your config table
<
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.config*
`MiniAi.config`
Defaults ~
>lua
MiniAi.config = {
-- Table with textobject id as fields, textobject specification as values.
-- Also use this to disable builtin textobjects. See |MiniAi.config|.
custom_textobjects = nil,
-- Module mappings. Use `''` (empty string) to disable one.
mappings = {
-- Main textobject prefixes
around = 'a',
inside = 'i',
-- Next/last textobjects
-- NOTE: This (deliberately) overrides Neovim>=0.12 built-in incremental
-- selection mappings. See `:h MiniAi-default-an-in` for more details.
around_next = 'an',
inside_next = 'in',
around_last = 'al',
inside_last = 'il',
-- Move cursor to corresponding edge of `a` textobject
goto_left = 'g[',
goto_right = 'g]',
},
-- Number of lines within which textobject is searched
n_lines = 50,
-- How to search for object (first inside current line, then inside
-- neighborhood). One of 'cover', 'cover_or_next', 'cover_or_prev',
-- 'cover_or_nearest', 'next', 'prev', 'nearest'.
search_method = 'cover_or_next',
-- Whether to disable showing non-error feedback
-- This also affects (purely informational) helper messages shown after
-- idle time if user input is required.
silent = false,
}
<
# Custom textobjects ~
User can define own textobjects by supplying `config.custom_textobjects`.
It should be a table with keys being single character textobject identifier
(supported by |getcharstr()|) and values - textobject specification
(se
10000
e |MiniAi-textobject-specification|).
General recommendations:
- This can be used to override builtin ones (|MiniAi-builtin-textobjects|).
Supply non-valid input (not in specification format) to disable module's
builtin textobject in favor of external or Neovim's builtin mapping.
- Keys should use character representation which can be |getcharstr()| output.
For example, `'\r'` and not `'<CR>'`.
Examples:
>lua
require('mini.ai').setup({
custom_textobjects = {
-- Tweak argument textobject
a = require('mini.ai').gen_spec.argument({ brackets = { '%b()' } }),
-- Disable brackets alias in favor of builtin block textobject
b = false,
-- Now `vax` should select `xxx` and `vix` - middle `x`
x = { 'x()x()x' },
-- Whole buffer
g = function()
local from = { line = 1, col = 1 }
local to = {
line = vim.fn.line('$'),
col = math.max(vim.fn.getline('$'):len(), 1)
}
return { from = from, to = to }
end
}
})
-- Use `vim.b.miniai_config` to customize per buffer
-- Example of specification useful for Markdown files:
local spec_pair = require('mini.ai').gen_spec.pair
vim.b.miniai_config = {
custom_textobjects = {
['*'] = spec_pair('*', '*', { type = 'greedy' }),
['_'] = spec_pair('_', '_', { type = 'greedy' }),
},
}
<
There are more example specifications in |MiniAi-textobject-specification|.
# Search method ~
Value of `config.search_method` defines how best match search is done.
Based on its value, one of the following matches will be selected:
- Covering match. Left/right edge is before/after left/right edge of
reference region.
- Previous match. Left/right edge is before left/right edge of reference
region.
- Next match. Left/right edge is after left/right edge of reference region.
- Nearest match. Whichever is closest among previous and next matches.
Possible values are:
- `'cover'` - use only covering match. Don't use either previous or
next; report that there is no textobject found.
- `'cover_or_next'` (default) - use covering match. If not found, use next.
- `'cover_or_prev'` - use covering match. If not found, use previous.
- `'cover_or_nearest'` - use covering match. If not found, use nearest.
- `'next'` - use next match.
- `'prev'` - use previous match.
- `'nearest'` - use nearest match.
Note: search is first performed on the reference region lines and only
after failure - on the whole neighborhood defined by `config.n_lines`. This
means that with `config.search_method` not equal to `'cover'`, "prev" or
"next" textobject will end up as search result if they are found on first
stage although covering match might be found in bigger, whole neighborhood.
This design is based on observation that most of the time operation is done
within reference region lines (usually cursor line).
Here is an example of what `a)` textobject is based on a value of
`'config.search_method'` when cursor is inside `bbb` word:
- `'cover'`: `(a) bbb (c)` -> none
- `'cover_or_next'`: `(a) bbb (c)` -> `(c)`
- `'cover_or_prev'`: `(a) bbb (c)` -> `(a)`
- `'cover_or_nearest'`: depends on cursor position.
For first and second `b` - as in `cover_or_prev` (as previous match is
nearer), for third - as in `cover_or_next` (as next match is nearer).
- `'next'`: `(a) bbb (c)` -> `(c)`. Same outcome for `(bbb)`.
- `'prev'`: `(a) bbb (c)` -> `(a)`. Same outcome for `(bbb)`.
- `'nearest'`: depends on cursor position (same as in `'cover_or_nearest'`).
# Mappings ~
Mappings `around_next` / `inside_next` and `around_last` / `inside_last` are
essentially `around` / `inside` but using search method `'next'` and `'prev'`.
## Overriding default `an` and `in` ~
*MiniAi-default-an-in*
Default `around_next` / `inside_next` mappings override newly added in Neovim=0.12
built-in mappings |v_an| and |v_in|. This is intentional for better usability
and backwards compatibility. There are several ways to work around this:
- Remap Neovim's `an` / `in` to something else before calling |MiniAi.setup()|: >lua
-- Use `<Leader>ls` and `<Leader>lS` for incremental selection
local copy_keymap = function(mode, from_lhs, to_lhs)
local keymap = vim.fn.maparg(from_lhs, mode, false, true)
local rhs = keymap.callback or keymap.rhs
vim.keymap.set(mode, to_lhs, rhs, { desc = keymap.desc })
end
copy_keymap('x', 'an', '<Leader>ls')
copy_keymap('x', 'in', '<Leader>lS')
-- ...
require('mini.ai').setup({...})
<
- Use |MiniAi.gen_spec.treesitter()| with one or many captures for versatile
tree-sitter based textobjects. It also allows consecutive application in
Visual mode: similar to incremental selection, with `next` / `last` variants,
but without "decrease selection".
- Use other values for "next" / "last" variants. For example: >lua
require('mini.ai').setup({
mappings = {
around_next = 'aN',
inside_next = 'iN',
around_last = 'aL',
inside_last = 'iL',
}
})
<
## Overriding default `al` and `il` ~
*MiniAi-default-al-il*
Default `around_last` / `inside_last` mappings override newly added in Neovim=0.13
built-in mappings |al| and |il|. This is intentional for better usability
and backwards compatibility. There are several ways to work around this:
- Use |MiniExtra.gen_ai_spec.buffer()| and |MiniExtra.gen_ai_spec.line()| to
create custom textobjects for buffer and line: >lua
require('mini.extra').setup()
require('mini.ai').setup({
custom_textobjects = {
-- Makes `aB` equivalent to built-in `al`
B = MiniExtra.gen_ai_spec.buffer(),
-- Makes `iL` equivalent to built-in `il`
L = MiniExtra.gen_ai_spec.line(),
},
})
<
- Use other values for "next" / "last" variants. See |MiniAi-default-an-in|.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.find_textobject()*
`MiniAi.find_textobject`({ai_type}, {id}, {opts})
Find textobject region
Parameters ~
{ai_type} `(string)` One of `'a'` or `'i'`.
{id} `(string)` Single character string representing textobject id. It is
used to get specification which is later used to compute textobject region.
Note: if specification is a function, it is called with all present
arguments (`opts` is populated with default arguments).
{opts} `(table|nil)` Options. Possible fields:
- <n_lines> - Number of lines within which textobject is searched.
Default: `config.n_lines` (see |MiniAi.config|).
- <n_times> - Number of times to perform a consecutive search. Each one
is done with reference region being previous found textobject region.
Default: 1.
- <reference_region> - region to try to cover (see |MiniAi-glossary|). It
is guaranteed that output region will not be inside or equal to this one.
Default: empty region at cursor position.
- <search_method> - Search method. Default: `config.search_method`.
Return ~
`(table|nil)` Region of textobject or `nil` if no textobject different
from `opts.reference_region` was consecutively found `opts.n_times` times.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.move_cursor()*
`MiniAi.move_cursor`({side}, {ai_type}, {id}, {opts})
Move cursor to edge of textobject
Parameters ~
{side} `(string)` One of `'left'` or `'right'`.
{ai_type} `(string)` One of `'a'` or `'i'`.
{id} `(string)` Single character string representing textobject id.
{opts} `(table|nil)` Same as in |MiniAi.find_textobject()|.
`opts.n_times` means number of actual jumps (important when cursor
already on the potential jump spot).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.gen_spec*
`MiniAi.gen_spec`
Generate common textobject specifications
This is a table with function elements. Call to actually get specification.
Example: >lua
local gen_spec = require('mini.ai').gen_spec
require('mini.ai').setup({
custom_textobjects = {
-- Tweak argument to be recognized only inside `()` between `;`
a = gen_spec.argument({ brackets = { '%b()' }, separator = ';' }),
-- Tweak function call to not detect dot in function name
f = gen_spec.function_call({ name_pattern = '[%w_]' }),
-- Function definition (needs treesitter queries with these captures)
F = gen_spec.treesitter({ a = '@function.outer', i = '@function.inner' }),
-- Make `|` select both edges in non-balanced way
['|'] = gen_spec.pair('|', '|', { type = 'non-balanced' }),
}
})
<
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.gen_spec.argument()*
`MiniAi.gen_spec.argument`({opts})
Argument specification
Argument textobject (has default `a` identifier) is a region inside
balanced bracket between allowed not excluded separators. Use this function
to tweak how it works.
Examples:
- `argument({ brackets = { '%b()' } })` will search for an argument only
inside balanced `()`.
- `argument({ separator = '[,;]' })` will treat both `,` and `;` as separators.
- `argument({ exclude_regions = { '%b()' } })` will exclude separators
which are inside balanced `()` (inside outer brackets).
Parameters ~
{opts} `(table|nil)` Options. Allowed fields:
- <brackets> - array of patterns for outer balanced brackets.
Default: `{ '%b()', '%b[]', '%b{}' }` (any `()`, `[]`, or `{}` can
enclose arguments).
- <separator> - separator pattern. Default: `','`.
One of the practical usages of this option is to include whitespace
around character to be a part of separator. For example, `'%s*,%s*'`
will treat as separator not only ',', but its possible surrounding
whitespace. This has both positive and negative effects. On one hand,
`daa` executed over the first argument will delete whitespace after
first comma, leading to a more expected outcome. On the other hand it
is ambiguous which argument is picked when cursor is over whitespace
near the character separator.
- <exclude_regions> - array with patterns for regions inside which
separators will be ignored.
Default: `{ '%b""', "%b''", '%b()', '%b[]', '%b{}' }` (separators
inside balanced quotes or brackets are ignored).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.gen_spec.function_call()*
`MiniAi.gen_spec.function_call`({opts})
Function call specification
Function call textobject (has default `f` identifier) is a region with some
characters followed by balanced `()`. Use this function to tweak how it works.
Example:
- `function_call({ name_pattern = '[%w_]' })` will recognize function name with
only alphanumeric or underscore (not dot).
Parameters ~
{opts} `(table|nil)` Options. Allowed fields:
- <name_pattern> - string pattern of character set allowed in function name.
Default: `'[%w_%.]'` (alphanumeric, underscore, or dot).
Note: should be enclosed in `[]`.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.gen_spec.pair()*
`MiniAi.gen_spec.pair`({left}, {right}, {opts})
Pair specification
Use it to define textobject for region surrounded with `left` from left and
`right` from right. The `a` textobject includes both edges, `i` - excludes them.
Region can be one of several types (controlled with `opts.type`). All
examples are for default search method, `a` textobject, and use `'_'` as
both `left` and `right`:
- Non-balanced (`{ type = 'non-balanced' }`), default. Equivalent to using
`x.-y` as first pattern. Example: on line '_a_b_c_' it consecutively
matches '_a_', '_b_', '_c_'.
- Balanced (`{ type = 'balanced' }`). Equivalent to using `%bxy` as first
pattern. Example: on line '_a_b_c_' it consecutively matches '_a_', '_c_'.
Note: both `left` and `right` should be single character.
- Greedy (`{ type = 'greedy' }`). Like non-balanced but will select maximum
consecutive `left` and `right` edges. Example: on line '__a__b_' it
consecutively selects '__a__' and '__b_'. Note: both `left` and `right`
should be single character.
Parameters ~
{left} `(string)` Left edge.
{right} `(string)` Right edge.
{opts} `(table|nil)` Options. Possible fields:
- <type> - Type of a pair. One of `'non-balanced'` (default), `'balanced'`,
`'greedy'`.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.gen_spec.treesitter()*
`MiniAi.gen_spec.treesitter`({ai_captures}, {opts})
Treesitter specification
This is a specification in function form. When called with a pair of
treesitter captures, it returns a specification function outputting an
array of regions that match corresponding (`a` or `i`) capture.
In order for this to work, apart from working treesitter parser for desired
language, user should have a reachable language-specific 'textobjects'
query (see |vim.treesitter.query.get()|).
The most straightforward way for this is to have 'textobjects.scm' query
file with treesitter captures stored in some recognized path. This is
primarily designed to be compatible with plugin
'nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects', but can be used without it.
Two most common approaches for having a query file:
- Install 'nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects'. It has curated and
well maintained builtin query files for many languages with a standardized
capture names, like `function.outer`, `function.inner`, etc.
- Manually create file 'after/queries/<language name>/textobjects.scm' in
your |$XDG_CONFIG_HOME| directory. It should contain queries with
captures (later used to define textobjects). See |lua-treesitter-query|.
To verify that query file is reachable, run (example for "lua" language,
output should have at least an intended file): >vim
:lua print(vim.inspect(vim.treesitter.query.get_files('lua','textobjects')))
<
Example configuration for function definition textobject with
'nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects' captures:
>lua
local spec_treesitter = require('mini.ai').gen_spec.treesitter
require('mini.ai').setup({
custom_textobjects = {
F = spec_treesitter({ a = '@function.outer', i = '@function.inner' }),
o = spec_treesitter({
a = { '@conditional.outer', '@loop.outer' },
i = { '@conditional.inner', '@loop.inner' },
})
}
})
<
Notes:
- Be sure that query files don't contain unknown |treesitter-directives|
(like `#make-range!`, for example). Otherwise textobject for such capture
might not be found as |lua-treesitter-core| won't treat them as captures.
Verify with `:=vim.treesitter.query.get('lang', 'textobjects')` and see
if the target capture is recognized as one.
- It uses buffer's |filetype| to determine query language.
- It first searches the language under cursor for matches. If no matches are
found, it falls back to searching parent languages (up to the buffer's root
language). If no matches are found again, it falls back to recursively
searching all children languages (from the language under cursor). If no
matches again - report no matches.
- On large files it is slower than pattern-based textobjects. Still very
fast though (one search should be magnitude of milliseconds or tens of
milliseconds on really large file).
Parameters ~
{ai_captures} `(table)` Captures for `a` and `i` textobjects: table with
<a> and <i> fields with captures for `a` and `i` textobjects respectively.
Each value can be either a string capture (should start with `'@'`) or an
array of such captures (best among all matches will be chosen).
{opts} `(table|nil)` Options. Possible values:
- <use_nvim_treesitter> - whether to try to use 'nvim-treesitter' plugin
(if present) to do the query. It used to implement more advanced behavior
and more coherent experience if 'nvim-treesitter-textobjects' queries are
used. However, as |lua-treesitter-core| methods are more capable now,
the option will soon be removed. Only present for backward compatibility.
Default: `false`.
Return ~
`(function)` Function with |MiniAi.find_textobject()| signature which
returns array of current buffer regions representing matches for
corresponding (`a` or `i`) treesitter capture.
See also ~
- |MiniAi-textobject-specification| for how this type of textobject
specification is processed.
- |vim.treesitter.query.get()| for how query is fetched.
- |Query:iter_captures()| for how all query captures are iterated in case of
no 'nvim-treesitter'.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.gen_spec.user_prompt()*
`MiniAi.gen_spec.user_prompt`()
Specification from user prompt
- Ask user for left and right textobject edges as raw strings (no pattern).
- Construct specification for a textobject that matches from left edge string
to right edge string: `a` includes both strings, `i` only insides.
Used for |MiniAi-builtin-textobjects| with identifier `?`.
Return ~
`(function)` Textobject specification as function.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*MiniAi.select_textobject()*
`MiniAi.select_textobject`({ai_type}, {id}, {opts})
Visually select textobject region
Does nothing if no region is found.
Parameters ~
{ai_type} `(string)` One of `'a'` or `'i'`.
{id} `(string)` Single character string representing textobject id.
{opts} `(table|nil)` Same as in |MiniAi.find_textobject()|. Extra fields:
- <vis_mode> - One of `'v'`, `'V'`, or `'\22'` (escaped version of `'<C-v>'`).
Default: Latest visual mode.
- <operator_pending> - Whether selection is for Operator-pending mode.
Used in that mode's mappings, shouldn't be used directly. Default: `false`.
vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: