§25.9 Asymptotic Approximations

ⓘ

If $x\geq 1$ , $y\geq 1$ , $2\pi xy=t$ , and $0\leq\sigma\leq 1$ , then as $t\to\infty$ with $\sigma$ fixed,

25.9.1		$\zeta\left(\sigma+it\right)=\sum_{1\leq n\leq x}\frac{1}{n^{s}}+\chi(s)\sum_{1% \leq n\leq y}\frac{1}{n^{1-s}}+O\left(x^{-\sigma}\right)+O\left(y^{\sigma-1}t^% {\frac{1}{2}-\sigma}\right),$
ⓘ Symbols: $O\left(\NVar{x}\right)$ : order not exceeding, $\zeta\left(\NVar{s}\right)$ : Riemann zeta function, $\mathrm{i}$ : imaginary unit, $n$ : nonnegative integer, $x$ : real variable, $s$ : complex variable and $\sigma$ : fixed Keywords: asymptotic approximation Source: Titchmarsh (1986b, (4.12.4), p. 79) Referenced by: §25.9 Permalink: http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.9.E1 Encodings: TeX, pMML, png See also: Annotations for §25.9 and Ch.25

where $s=\sigma+it$ and

25.9.2		$\chi(s)\equiv\pi^{s-\frac{1}{2}}\Gamma\left(\tfrac{1}{2}-\tfrac{1}{2}s\right)/% \Gamma\left(\tfrac{1}{2}s\right).$
ⓘ Symbols: $\Gamma\left(\NVar{z}\right)$ : gamma function, $\pi$ : the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\equiv$ : equals by definition and $s$ : complex variable Keywords: definition Source: Titchmarsh (1986b, p. 78); with (5.5.5), (5.5.3) Referenced by: (25.10.2) Permalink: http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.9.E2 Encodings: TeX, pMML, png See also: Annotations for §25.9 and Ch.25

If $\sigma=\frac{1}{2}$ , $x=y=\sqrt{t/(2\pi)}$ , and $m=\left\lfloor x\right\rfloor$ , then (25.9.1) becomes

25.9.3		$\zeta\left(\tfrac{1}{2}+it\right)=\sum_{n=1}^{m}\frac{1}{n^{\frac{1}{2}+it}}+% \chi\left(\tfrac{1}{2}+it\right)\sum_{n=1}^{m}\frac{1}{n^{\frac{1}{2}-it}}+O% \left(t^{-1/4}\right).$
ⓘ Symbols: $O\left(\NVar{x}\right)$ : order not exceeding, $\zeta\left(\NVar{s}\right)$ : Riemann zeta function, $\mathrm{i}$ : imaginary unit, $m$ : nonnegative integer and $n$ : nonnegative integer Keywords: asymptotic approximation Source: Titchmarsh (1986b, (4.17.1), p. 88) Referenced by: §25.10(ii) Permalink: http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.9.E3 Encodings: TeX, pMML, png See also: Annotations for §25.9 and Ch.25

For other asymptotic approximations see Berry and Keating (1992), Paris and Cang (1997); see also Paris and Kaminski (2001, pp. 380–389).