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cv::SparseMat Class Reference
Core functionality » Basic structures

The class SparseMat represents multi-dimensional sparse numerical arrays. More...

`#include <opencv2/core/mat.hpp>`

Inheritance diagram for cv::SparseMat:

## Classes
struct | Hdr
| the sparse matrix header More...
struct | Node
| sparse matrix node - element of a hash table More...

## Public Types
enum | { MAGIC_VAL =0x42FD0000, MAX_DIM =32, HASH_SCALE =0x5bd1e995, HASH_BIT =0x80000000 }
typedef SparseMatConstIterator | const_iterator
typedef SparseMatIterator | iterator

## Public Member Functions
| SparseMat ()
| Various SparseMat constructors. More...
| SparseMat (int dims, const int *_sizes, int _type)
| SparseMat (const SparseMat &m)
| SparseMat (const Mat &m)
| ~SparseMat ()
| the destructor More...
void | addref ()
| manually increments the reference counter to the header. More...
void | assignTo (SparseMat &m, int type=-1) const
int | channels () const
| returns the number of channels More...
void | clear ()
| sets all the sparse matrix elements to 0, which means clearing the hash table. More...
SparseMat | clone () const CV_NODISCARD
| creates full copy of the matrix More...
void | convertTo (SparseMat &m, int rtype, double alpha=1) const
| multiplies all the matrix elements by the specified scale factor alpha and converts the results to the specified data type More...
void | convertTo (Mat &m, int rtype, double alpha=1, double beta=0) const
| converts sparse matrix to dense n-dim matrix with optional type conversion and scaling. More...
void | copyTo (SparseMat &m) const
| copies all the data to the destination matrix. All the previous content of m is erased More...
void | copyTo (Mat &m) const
| converts sparse matrix to dense matrix. More...
void | create (int dims, const int *_sizes, int _type)
| reallocates sparse matrix. More...
int | depth () const
| returns the depth of sparse matrix elements More...
int | dims () const
| returns the matrix dimensionality More...
size_t | elemSize () const
| converts sparse matrix to the old-style representation; all the elements are copied. More...
size_t | elemSize1 () const
| returns elemSize()/channels() More...
SparseMatIterator | end ()
| returns the sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end More...
SparseMatConstIterator | end () const
| returns the read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end More...
template<typename _Tp >
SparseMatIterator_< _Tp > | end ()
| returns the typed sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end More...
template<typename _Tp >
SparseMatConstIterator_< _Tp > | end () const
| returns the typed read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end More...
void | erase (int i0, int i1, size_t *hashval=0)
| erases the specified element (2D case) More...
void | erase (int i0, int i1, int i2, size_t *hashval=0)
| erases the specified element (3D case) More...
void | erase (const int *idx, size_t *hashval=0)
| erases the specified element (nD case) More...
size_t | hash (int i0) const
| computes the element hash value (1D case) More...
size_t | hash (int i0, int i1) const
| computes the element hash value (2D case) More...
size_t | hash (int i0, int i1, int i2) const
| computes the element hash value (3D case) More...
size_t | hash (const int *idx) const
| computes the element hash value (nD case) More...
uchar * | newNode (const int *idx, size_t hashval)
Node * | node (size_t nidx)
const Node * | node (size_t nidx) const
size_t | nzcount () const
| returns the number of non-zero elements (=the number of hash table nodes) More...
SparseMat & | operator= (const SparseMat &m)
| assignment operator. This is O(1) operation, i.e. no data is copied More...
SparseMat & | operator= (const Mat &m)
| equivalent to the corresponding constructor More...
void | release ()
void | removeNode (size_t hidx, size_t nidx, size_t previdx)
void | resizeHashTab (size_t newsize)
const int * | size () const
| returns the array of sizes, or NULL if the matrix is not allocated More...
int | size (int i) const
| returns the size of i-th matrix dimension (or 0) More...
int | type () const
| returns type of sparse matrix elements More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp & | value (Node *n)
| returns the value stored in the sparse martix node More...
template<typename _Tp >
const _Tp & | value (const Node *n) const
| returns the value stored in the sparse martix node More...
uchar * | ptr (int i0, bool createMissing, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns pointer to the specified element (1D case) More...
uchar * | ptr (int i0, int i1, bool createMissing, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns pointer to the specified element (2D case) More...
uchar * | ptr (int i0, int i1, int i2, bool createMissing, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns pointer to the specified element (3D case) More...
uchar * | ptr (const int *idx, bool createMissing, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns pointer to the specified element (nD case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp & | ref (int i0, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns reference to the specified element (1D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp & | ref (int i0, int i1, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns reference to the specified element (2D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp & | ref (int i0, int i1, int i2, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns reference to the specified element (3D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp & | ref (const int *idx, size_t *hashval=0)
| returns reference to the specified element (nD case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp | value (int i0, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns value of the specified element (1D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp | value (int i0, int i1, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns value of the specified element (2D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp | value (int i0, int i1, int i2, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns value of the specified element (3D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
_Tp | value (const int *idx, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns value of the specified element (nD case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
const _Tp * | find (int i0, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns pointer to the specified element (1D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
const _Tp * | find (int i0, int i1, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns pointer to the specified element (2D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
const _Tp * | find (int i0, int i1, int i2, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns pointer to the specified element (3D case) More...
template<typename _Tp >
const _Tp * | find (const int *idx, size_t *hashval=0) const
| returns pointer to the specified element (nD case) More...
SparseMatIterator | begin ()
| returns the sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning More...
template<typename _Tp >
SparseMatIterator_< _Tp > | begin ()
| returns the sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning More...
SparseMatConstIterator | begin () const
| returns the read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning More...
template<typename _Tp >
SparseMatConstIterator_< _Tp > | begin () const
| returns the read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning More...

## Public Attributes
int | flags
Hdr * | hdr

## Detailed Description

The class SparseMat represents multi-dimensional sparse numerical arrays.

Such a sparse array can store elements of any type that Mat can store. Sparse means that only non-zero elements are stored (though, as a result of operations on a sparse matrix, some of its stored elements can actually become 0. It is up to you to detect such elements and delete them using SparseMat::erase ). The non-zero elements are stored in a hash table that grows when it is filled so that the search time is O(1) in average (regardless of whether element is there or not). Elements can be accessed using the following methods:

- Query operations (SparseMat::ptr and the higher-level SparseMat::ref, SparseMat::value and SparseMat::find), for example:
  const int dims = 5;
  int size[5] = {10, 10, 10, 10, 10};
  SparseMat sparse_mat(dims, size, CV_32F);
  for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
  {
  int idx[dims];
  for(int k = 0; k < dims; k++)
  idx[k] = rand() % size[k];
  sparse_mat.ref<float>(idx) += 1.f;
  }
  cout << "nnz = " << sparse_mat.nzcount() << endl;
- Sparse matrix iterators. They are similar to MatIterator but different from NAryMatIterator. That is, the iteration loop is familiar to STL users:
  // prints elements of a sparse floating-point matrix
  // and the sum of elements.
  SparseMatConstIterator_<float>
  it = sparse_mat.begin<float>(),
  it_end = sparse_mat.end<float>();
  double s = 0;
  int dims = sparse_mat.dims();
  for(; it != it_end; ++it)
  {
  // print element indices and the element value
  const SparseMat::Node* n = it.node();
  printf("(");
  for(int i = 0; i < dims; i++)
  printf("%d%s", n->idx[i], i < dims-1 ? ", " : ")");
  printf(": %g\n", it.value<float>());
  s += *it;
  }
  printf("Element sum is %g\n", s);
  If you run this loop, you will notice that elements are not enumerated in a logical order (lexicographical, and so on). They come in the same order as they are stored in the hash table (semi-randomly). You may collect pointers to the nodes and sort them to get the proper ordering. Note, however, that pointers to the nodes may become invalid when you add more elements to the matrix. This may happen due to possible buffer reallocation.
- Combination of the above 2 methods when you need to process 2 or more sparse matrices simultaneously. For example, this is how you can compute unnormalized cross-correlation of the 2 floating-point sparse matrices:
  double cross_corr(const SparseMat& a, const SparseMat& b)
  {
  const SparseMat *_a = &a, *_b = &b;
  // if b contains less elements than a,
  // it is faster to iterate through b
  if(_a->nzcount() > _b->nzcount())
  std::swap(_a, _b);
  SparseMatConstIterator_<float> it = _a->begin<float>(),
  it_end = _a->end<float>();
  double ccorr = 0;
  for(; it != it_end; ++it)
  {
  // take the next element from the first matrix
  float avalue = *it;
  const Node* anode = it.node();
  // and try to find an element with the same index in the second matrix.
  // since the hash value depends only on the element index,
  // reuse the hash value stored in the node
  float bvalue = _b->value<float>(anode->idx,&anode->hashval);
  ccorr += avalue*bvalue;
  }
  return ccorr;
  }

## Member Typedef Documentation

## ◆ const_iterator

typedef SparseMatConstIterator cv::SparseMat::const_iterator

## ◆ iterator

typedef SparseMatIterator cv::SparseMat::iterator

## Member Enumeration Documentation

## ◆ anonymous enum

anonymous enum

Enumerator
MAGIC_VAL |
MAX_DIM |
HASH_SCALE |
HASH_BIT |

## Constructor & Destructor Documentation

## ◆ SparseMat() [1/4]

cv::SparseMat::SparseMat | ( |  | ) |

Various SparseMat constructors.

## ◆ SparseMat() [2/4]

cv::SparseMat::SparseMat | ( | int | dims,
|  | const int * | _sizes,
|  | int | _type
| ) |  |

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

Parameters

  dims | Array dimensionality.
  _sizes | Sparce matrix size on all dementions.
  _type | Sparse matrix data type.

## ◆ SparseMat() [3/4]

cv::SparseMat::SparseMat | ( | const SparseMat & | m | ) |

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

Parameters

  m | Source matrix for copy constructor. If m is dense matrix (ocvMat) then it will be converted to sparse representation.

## ◆ SparseMat() [4/4]

cv::SparseMat::SparseMat | ( | const Mat & | m | ) |
| explicit

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience. It differs from the above function only in what argument(s) it accepts.

Parameters

  m | Source matrix for copy constructor. If m is dense matrix (ocvMat) then it will be converted to sparse representation.

## ◆ ~SparseMat()

cv::SparseMat::~SparseMat | ( |  | ) |

the destructor

## Member Function Documentation

## ◆ addref()

void cv::SparseMat::addref | ( |  | ) |

manually increments the reference counter to the header.

## ◆ assignTo()

void cv::SparseMat::assignTo | ( | SparseMat & | m,
|  | int | type = `-1`
| ) |  | const

## ◆ begin() [1/4]

SparseMatIterator cv::SparseMat::begin | ( |  | ) |

returns the sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning

return the sparse matrix iterator pointing to the first sparse matrix element

## ◆ begin() [2/4]

template<typename _Tp >

SparseMatIterator_<_Tp> cv::SparseMat::begin | ( |  | ) |

returns the sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning

## ◆ begin() [3/4]

SparseMatConstIterator cv::SparseMat::begin | ( |  | ) | const

returns the read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning

## ◆ begin() [4/4]

template<typename _Tp >

SparseMatConstIterator_<_Tp> cv::SparseMat::begin | ( |  | ) | const

returns the read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix beginning

## ◆ channels()

int cv::SparseMat::channels | ( |  | ) | const

returns the number of channels

## ◆ clear()

void cv::SparseMat::clear | ( |  | ) |

sets all the sparse matrix elements to 0, which means clearing the hash table.

## ◆ clone()

SparseMat cv::SparseMat::clone | ( |  | ) | const

creates full copy of the matrix

## ◆ convertTo() [1/2]

void cv::SparseMat::convertTo | ( | SparseMat & | m,
|  | int | rtype,
|  | double | alpha = `1`
| ) |  | const

multiplies all the matrix elements by the specified scale factor alpha and converts the results to the specified data type

## ◆ convertTo() [2/2]

void cv::SparseMat::convertTo | ( | Mat & | m,
|  | int | rtype,
|  | double | alpha = `1`,
|  | double | beta = `0`
| ) |  | const

converts sparse matrix to dense n-dim matrix with optional type conversion and scaling.

Parameters

  [out] | m | - output matrix; if it does not have a proper size or type before the operation, it is reallocated
  [in] | rtype | - desired output matrix type or, rather, the depth since the number of channels are the same as the input has; if rtype is negative, the output matrix will have the same type as the input.
  [in] | alpha | - optional scale factor
  [in] | beta | - optional delta added to the scaled values

## ◆ copyTo() [1/2]

void cv::SparseMat::copyTo | ( | SparseMat & | m | ) | const

copies all the data to the destination matrix. All the previous content of m is erased

## ◆ copyTo() [2/2]

void cv::SparseMat::copyTo | ( | Mat & | m | ) | const

converts sparse matrix to dense matrix.

## ◆ create()

void cv::SparseMat::create | ( | int | dims,
|  | const int * | _sizes,
|  | int | _type
| ) |  |

reallocates sparse matrix.

If the matrix already had the proper size and type, it is simply cleared with clear(), otherwise, the old matrix is released (using release()) and the new one is allocated.

## ◆ depth()

int cv::SparseMat::depth | ( |  | ) | const

returns the depth of sparse matrix elements

## ◆ dims()

int cv::SparseMat::dims | ( |  | ) | const

returns the matrix dimensionality

## ◆ elemSize()

size_t cv::SparseMat::elemSize | ( |  | ) | const

converts sparse matrix to the old-style representation; all the elements are copied.

returns the size of each element in bytes (not including the overhead - the space occupied by SparseMat::Node elements)

## ◆ elemSize1()

size_t cv::SparseMat::elemSize1 | ( |  | ) | const

returns elemSize()/channels()

## ◆ end() [1/4]

SparseMatIterator cv::SparseMat::end | ( |  | ) |

returns the sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end

return the sparse matrix iterator pointing to the element following the last sparse matrix element

## ◆ end() [2/4]

SparseMatConstIterator cv::SparseMat::end | ( |  | ) | const

returns the read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end

## ◆ end() [3/4]

template<typename _Tp >

SparseMatIterator_<_Tp> cv::SparseMat::end | ( |  | ) |

returns the typed sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end

## ◆ end() [4/4]

template<typename _Tp >

SparseMatConstIterator_<_Tp> cv::SparseMat::end | ( |  | ) | const

returns the typed read-only sparse matrix iterator at the matrix end

## ◆ erase() [1/3]

void cv::SparseMat::erase | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

erases the specified element (2D case)

## ◆ erase() [2/3]

void cv::SparseMat::erase | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | int | i2,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

erases the specified element (3D case)

## ◆ erase() [3/3]

void cv::SparseMat::erase | ( | const int * | idx,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

erases the specified element (nD case)

## ◆ find() [1/4]

template<typename _Tp >

const _Tp* cv::SparseMat::find | ( | int | i0,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns pointer to the specified element (1D case)

Return pointer to the specified sparse matrix element if it exists

`find<_Tp>(i0,...[,hashval])` is equivalent to `(_const Tp*)ptr(i0,...false[,hashval])`.

If the specified element does not exist, the methods return NULL.

## ◆ find() [2/4]

template<typename _Tp >

const _Tp* cv::SparseMat::find | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns pointer to the specified element (2D case)

## ◆ find() [3/4]

template<typename _Tp >

const _Tp* cv::SparseMat::find | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | int | i2,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns pointer to the specified element (3D case)

## ◆ find() [4/4]

template<typename _Tp >

const _Tp* cv::SparseMat::find | ( | const int * | idx,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns pointer to the specified element (nD case)

## ◆ hash() [1/4]

size_t cv::SparseMat::hash | ( | int | i0 | ) | const

computes the element hash value (1D case)

## ◆ hash() [2/4]

size_t cv::SparseMat::hash | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1
| ) |  | const

computes the element hash value (2D case)

## ◆ hash() [3/4]

size_t cv::SparseMat::hash | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | int | i2
| ) |  | const

computes the element hash value (3D case)

## ◆ hash() [4/4]

size_t cv::SparseMat::hash | ( | const int * | idx | ) | const

computes the element hash value (nD case)

## ◆ newNode()

uchar* cv::SparseMat::newNode | ( | const int * | idx,
|  | size_t | hashval
| ) |  |

## ◆ node() [1/2]

Node* cv::SparseMat::node | ( | size_t | nidx | ) |

## ◆ node() [2/2]

const Node* cv::SparseMat::node | ( | size_t | nidx | ) | const

## ◆ nzcount()

size_t cv::SparseMat::nzcount | ( |  | ) | const

returns the number of non-zero elements (=the number of hash table nodes)

## ◆ operator=() [1/2]

SparseMat& cv::SparseMat::operator= | ( | const SparseMat & | m | ) |

assignment operator. This is O(1) operation, i.e. no data is copied

## ◆ operator=() [2/2]

SparseMat& cv::SparseMat::operator= | ( | const Mat & | m | ) |

equivalent to the corresponding constructor

## ◆ ptr() [1/4]

uchar* cv::SparseMat::ptr | ( | int | i0,
|  | bool | createMissing,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns pointer to the specified element (1D case)

specialized variants for 1D, 2D, 3D cases and the generic_type one for n-D case. return pointer to the matrix element.

- if the element is there (it's non-zero), the pointer to it is returned
- if it's not there and createMissing=false, NULL pointer is returned
- if it's not there and createMissing=true, then the new element is created and initialized with 0. Pointer to it is returned
- if the optional hashval pointer is not NULL, the element hash value is not computed, but *hashval is taken instead.

## ◆ ptr() [2/4]

uchar* cv::SparseMat::ptr | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | bool | createMissing,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns pointer to the specified element (2D case)

## ◆ ptr() [3/4]

uchar* cv::SparseMat::ptr | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | int | i2,
|  | bool | createMissing,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns pointer to the specified element (3D case)

## ◆ ptr() [4/4]

uchar* cv::SparseMat::ptr | ( | const int * | idx,
|  | bool | createMissing,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns pointer to the specified element (nD case)

## ◆ ref() [1/4]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp& cv::SparseMat::ref | ( | int | i0,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns reference to the specified element (1D case)

return read-write reference to the specified sparse matrix element.

`ref<_Tp>(i0,...[,hashval])` is equivalent to `*(_Tp*)ptr(i0,...,true[,hashval])`. The methods always return a valid reference. If the element did not exist, it is created and initialized with 0.

## ◆ ref() [2/4]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp& cv::SparseMat::ref | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns reference to the specified element (2D case)

## ◆ ref() [3/4]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp& cv::SparseMat::ref | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | int | i2,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns reference to the specified element (3D case)

## ◆ ref() [4/4]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp& cv::SparseMat::ref | ( | const int * | idx,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  |

returns reference to the specified element (nD case)

## ◆ release()

void cv::SparseMat::release | ( |  | ) |

## ◆ removeNode()

void cv::SparseMat::removeNode | ( | size_t | hidx,
|  | size_t | nidx,
|  | size_t | previdx
| ) |  |

## ◆ resizeHashTab()

void cv::SparseMat::resizeHashTab | ( | size_t | newsize | ) |

## ◆ size() [1/2]

const int* cv::SparseMat::size | ( |  | ) | const

returns the array of sizes, or NULL if the matrix is not allocated

## ◆ size() [2/2]

int cv::SparseMat::size | ( | int | i | ) | const

returns the size of i-th matrix dimension (or 0)

## ◆ type()

int cv::SparseMat::type | ( |  | ) | const

returns type of sparse matrix elements

## ◆ value() [1/6]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp cv::SparseMat::value | ( | int | i0,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns value of the specified element (1D case)

return value of the specified sparse matrix element.

`value<_Tp>(i0,...[,hashval])` is equivalent to

{ const _Tp* p = find<_Tp>(i0,...[,hashval]); return p ? *p : _Tp(); }

That is, if the element did not exist, the methods return 0.

## ◆ value() [2/6]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp cv::SparseMat::value | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns value of the specified element (2D case)

## ◆ value() [3/6]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp cv::SparseMat::value | ( | int | i0,
|  | int | i1,
|  | int | i2,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns value of the specified element (3D case)

## ◆ value() [4/6]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp cv::SparseMat::value | ( | const int * | idx,
|  | size_t * | hashval = `0`
| ) |  | const

returns value of the specified element (nD case)

## ◆ value() [5/6]

template<typename _Tp >

_Tp& cv::SparseMat::value | ( | Node * | n | ) |

returns the value stored in the sparse martix node

## ◆ value() [6/6]

template<typename _Tp >

const _Tp& cv::SparseMat::value | ( | const Node * | n | ) | const

returns the value stored in the sparse martix node

## Member Data Documentation

## ◆ flags

int cv::SparseMat::flags

## ◆ hdr

Hdr* cv::SparseMat::hdr

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

- opencv2/core/mat.hpp