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#!/usr/bin/env python
'''@package topo
Network topology creation.
@author Brandon Heller (brandonh@stanford.edu)
This package includes code to represent network topologies.
A Topo object can be a topology database for NOX, can represent a physical
setup for testing, and can even be emulated with the Mininet package.
'''
from mininet.util import irange, natural, naturalSeq
class MultiGraph( object ):
"Utility class to track nodes and edges - replaces networkx.Graph"
def __init__( self ):
self.data = {}
def add_node( self, node ):
"Add node to graph"
self.data.setdefault( node, [] )
def add_edge( self, src, dest ):
"Add edge to graph"
src, dest = sorted( ( src, dest ) )
self.add_node( src )
self.add_node( dest )
self.data[ src ].append( dest )
def nodes( self ):
"Return list of graph nodes"
return self.data.keys()
def edges( self ):
"Iterator: return graph edges"
for src in self.data.keys():
for dest in self.data[ src ]:
yield ( src, dest )
def __getitem__( self, node ):
"Return link dict for the given node"
return self.data[node]
class Topo(object):
"Data center network representation for structured multi-trees."
def __init__(self, *args, **params):
"""Topo object.
Optional named parameters:
hinfo: default host options
sopts: default switch options
lopts: default link options
calls build()"""
self.g = MultiGraph()
self.node_info = {}
self.link_info = {} # (src, dst) tuples hash to EdgeInfo objects
self.hopts = params.pop( 'hopts', {} )
self.sopts = params.pop( 'sopts', {} )
self.lopts = params.pop( 'lopts', {} )
self.ports = {} # ports[src][dst] is port on src that connects to dst
self.build( *args, **params )
def build( self, *args, **params ):
"Override this method to build your topology."
pass
def addNode(self, name, **opts):
"""Add Node to graph.
name: name
opts: node options
returns: node name"""
self.g.add_node(name)
self.node_info[name] = opts
return name
def addHost(self, name, **opts):
"""Convenience method: Add host to graph.
name: host name
opts: host options
returns: host name"""
if not opts and self.hopts:
opts = self.hopts
return self.addNode(name, **opts)
def addSwitch(self, name, **opts):
"""Convenience method: Add switch to graph.
name: switch name
opts: switch options
returns: switch name"""
if not opts and self.sopts:
opts = self.sopts
result = self.addNode(name, isSwitch=True, **opts)
return result
def addLink(self, node1, node2, port1=None, port2=None,
**opts):
"""node1, node2: nodes to link together
port1, port2: ports (optional)
opts: link options (optional)
returns: link info key"""
if not opts and self.lopts:
opts = self.lopts
self.addPort(node1, node2, port1, port2)
key = tuple(self.sorted([node1, node2]))
self.link_info[key] = opts
self.g.add_edge(*key)
return key
def addPort(self, src, dst, sport=None, dport=None):
'''Generate port mapping for new edge.
@param src source switch name
@param dst destination switch name
'''
self.ports.setdefault(src, {})
self.ports.setdefault(dst, {})
# New port: number of outlinks + base
src_base = 1 if self.isSwitch(src) else 0
dst_base = 1 if self.isSwitch(dst) else 0
if sport is None:
sport = len(self.ports[src]) + src_base
if dport is None:
dport = len(self.ports[dst]) + dst_base
self.ports[src][dst] = sport
self.ports[dst][src] = dport
def nodes(self, sort=True):
"Return nodes in graph"
if sort:
return self.sorted( self.g.nodes() )
else:
return self.g.nodes()
def isSwitch(self, n):
'''Returns true if node is a switch.'''
info = self.node_info[n]
return info and info.get('isSwitch', False)
def switches(self, sort=True):
'''Return switches.
sort: sort switches alphabetically
@return dpids list of dpids
'''
return [n for n in self.nodes(sort) if self.isSwitch(n)]
def hosts(self, sort=True):
'''Return hosts.
sort: sort hosts alphabetically
@return dpids list of dpids
'''
return [n for n in self.nodes(sort) if not self.isSwitch(n)]
def links(self, sort=True):
'''Return links.
sort: sort links alphabetically
@return links list of name pairs
'''
if not sort:
return self.g.edges()
else:
links = [tuple(self.sorted(e)) for e in self.g.edges()]
return sorted( links, key=naturalSeq )
def port(self, src, dst):
'''Get port number.
@param src source switch name
@param dst destination switch name
@return tuple (src_port, dst_port):
src_port: port on source switch leading to the destination switch
dst_port: port on destination switch leading to the source switch
'''
if src in self.ports and dst in self.ports[src]:
assert dst in self.ports and src in self.ports[dst]
return self.ports[src][dst], self.ports[dst][src]
def linkInfo( self, src, dst ):
"Return link metadata"
src, dst = self.sorted([src, dst])
return self.link_info[(src, dst)]
def setlinkInfo( self, src, dst, info ):
"Set link metadata"
src, dst = self.sorted([src, dst])
self.link_info[(src, dst)] = info
def nodeInfo( self, name ):
"Return metadata (dict) for node"
info = self.node_info[ name ]
return info if info is not None else {}
def setNodeInfo( self, name, info ):
"Set metadata (dict) for node"
self.node_info[ name ] = info
@staticmethod
def sorted( items ):
"Items sorted in natural (i.e. alphabetical) order"
return sorted(items, key=natural)
class SingleSwitchTopo(Topo):
'''Single switch connected to k hosts.'''
def __init__(self, k=2, **opts):
'''Init.
@param k number of hosts
@param enable_all enables all nodes and switches?
'''
super(SingleSwitchTopo, self).__init__(**opts)
self.k = k
switch = self.addSwitch('s1')
for h in irange(1, k):
host = self.addHost('h%s' % h)
self.addLink(host, switch)
class SingleSwitchReversedTopo(Topo):
'''Single switch connected to k hosts, with reversed ports.
The lowest-numbered host is connected to the highest-numbered port.
Useful to verify that Mininet properly handles custom port numberings.
'''
def __init__(self, k=2, **opts):
'''Init.
@param k number of hosts
@param enable_all enables all nodes and switches?
'''
super(SingleSwitchReversedTopo, self).__init__(**opts)
self.k = k
switch = self.addSwitch('s1')
for h in irange(1, k):
host = self.addHost('h%s' % h)
self.addLink(host, switch,
port1=0, port2=(k - h + 1))
class LinearTopo(Topo):
"Linear topology of k switches, with n hosts per switch."
def __init__(self, k=2, n=1, **opts):
"""Init.
k: number of switches
n: number of hosts per switch
hconf: host configuration options
lconf: link configuration options"""
super(LinearTopo, self).__init__(**opts)
self.k = k
self.n = n
if n == 1:
genHostName = lambda i, j: 'h%s' % i
else:
genHostName = lambda i, j: 'h%ss%d' % (j, i)
lastSwitch = None
for i in irange(1, k):
# Add switch
switch = self.addSwitch('s%s' % i)
# Add hosts to switch
for j in irange(1, n):
host = self.addHost(genHostName(i, j))
self.addLink(host, switch)
# Connect switch to previous
if lastSwitch:
self.addLink(switch, lastSwitch)
lastSwitch = switch