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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Minio Python Library for Amazon S3 Compatible Cloud Storage, (C)
# 2015, 2016 Minio, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
minio.helpers
This module implements all helper functions.
:copyright: (c) 2015 by Minio, Inc.
:license: Apache 2.0, see LICENSE for more details.
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import io
import collections
import base64
import hashlib
import re
import os
import errno
import math
from .compat import urlsplit, urlencode, str, bytes, basestring
from .error import (InvalidBucketError, InvalidEndpointError,
InvalidArgumentError)
# Constants
MAX_MULTIPART_COUNT = 10000 # 10000 parts
MAX_MULTIPART_OBJECT_SIZE = 5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 # 5TiB
MIN_OBJECT_SIZE = 5 * 1024 * 1024 # 5MiB
_VALID_BUCKETNAME_REGEX = re.compile('^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\\.\\-]+[a-z0-9]$')
_ALLOWED_HOSTNAME_REGEX = re.compile(
'^((?!-)[A-Z\\d-]{1,63}(?<!-)\\.)*((?!-)[A-Z\\d-]{1,63}(?<!-))$',
re.IGNORECASE)
def dump_http(method, url, request_headers, response, output_stream):
"""
Dump all headers and response headers into output_stream.
:param request_headers: Dictionary of HTTP request headers.
:param response_headers: Dictionary of HTTP response headers.
:param output_stream: Stream where the request is being dumped at.
"""
# Start header.
output_stream.write('---------START-HTTP---------\n')
# Get parsed url.
parsed_url = urlsplit(url)
# Dump all request headers recursively.
http_path = parsed_url.path
if parsed_url.query:
http_path = http_path + '?' + parsed_url.query
output_stream.write('{0} {1} HTTP/1.1\n'.format(method,
http_path))
for k, v in list(request_headers.items()):
if k is 'authorization':
# Redact signature header value from trace logs.
v = re.sub(r'Signature=([[0-9a-f]+)', 'Signature=*REDACTED*', v)
output_stream.write('{0}: {1}\n'.format(k.title(), v))
# Write a new line.
output_stream.write('\n')
# Write response status code.
output_stream.write('HTTP/1.1 {0}\n'.format(response.status))
# Dump all response headers recursively.
for k, v in list(response.getheaders().items()):
output_stream.write('{0}: {1}\n'.format(k.title(), v))
# For all errors write all the available response body.
if response.status != 200 and \
response.status != 204 and response.status != 206:
output_stream.write('{0}'.format(response.read()))
# End header.
output_stream.write('---------END-HTTP---------\n')
def mkdir_p(path):
"""
Recursively creates parent and sub directories.
:param path:
"""
try:
os.makedirs(path)
except OSError as exc: # Python >2.5
if exc.errno == errno.EEXIST and os.path.isdir(path):
pass
else:
raise
class PartMetadata(object):
"""
Parts manager split parts metadata :class:`PartMetadata <PartMetadata>`.
:param data: Part writer object backed by temporary file.
:param md5hasher: Computed md5sum Hasher interface.
:param sha256hasher: Computed sha256sum Hasher interface.
:param size: Size of the part.
"""
def __init__(self, data, md5hasher, sha256hasher, size):
self.data = data
self.md5hasher = md5hasher
self.sha256hasher = sha256hasher
self.size = size
def parts_manager(data, part_size=5*1024*1024):
"""
Reads data and provides temporary files of a given size.
:param data: Input reader object which needs to be saved.
:param part_size: Individual part number defaults to 5MB.
:return: Returns :class:`PartMetadata <PartMetadata>`
"""
tmpdata = io.BytesIO()
md5hasher = Hasher.md5()
sha256hasher = Hasher.sha256()
total_read = 0
while total_read < part_size:
current_data = data.read(1024)
if not current_data or len(current_data) == 0:
break
tmpdata.write(current_data)
md5hasher.update(current_data)
sha256hasher.update(current_data)
total_read += len(current_data)
return PartMetadata(tmpdata, md5hasher, sha256hasher, total_read)
def ignore_headers(headers_to_sign):
"""
Ignore headers.
"""
# Excerpts from @lsegal -
# https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-js/issues/659#issuecomment-120477258
#
# User-Agent:
#
# This is ignored from signing because signing this causes problems
# with generating pre-signed URLs (that are executed by other agents)
# or when customers pass requests through proxies, which may modify
# the user-agent.
#
# Content-Length:
#
# This is ignored from signing because generating a pre-signed URL
# should not provide a content-length constraint, specifically when
# vending a S3 pre-signed PUT URL. The corollary to this is that when
# sending regular requests (non-pre-signed), the signature contains
# a checksum of the body, which implicitly validates the payload
# length (since changing the number of bytes would change the
# checksum) and therefore this header is not valuable in the
# signature.
#
# Content-Type:
#
# Signing this header causes quite a number of problems in browser
# environments, where browsers like to modify and normalize the
# content-type header in different ways. There is more information
# on this in https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-js/issues/244. Avoiding
# this field simplifies logic and reduces the possibility of bugs.
#
# Authorization:
#
# Is skipped for obvious reasons
ignored_headers = ['Authorization', 'Content-Length',
'Content-Type', 'User-Agent']
for ignored_header in ignored_headers:
if ignored_header in headers_to_sign:
del headers_to_sign[ignored_header]
return headers_to_sign
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT_MAP = {
'us-east-1': 's3.amazonaws.com',
'us-east-2': 's3-us-east-2.amazonaws.com',
'us-west-2': 's3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com',
'us-west-1': 's3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com',
'ca-central-1': 's3.ca-central-1.amazonaws.com',
'eu-west-1': 's3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com',
'eu-west-2': 's3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com',
'sa-east-1': 's3-sa-east-1.amazonaws.com',
'eu-central-1': 's3-eu-central-1.amazonaws.com',
'ap-south-1': 's3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com',
'ap-southeast-1': 's3-ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com',
'ap-northeast-1': 's3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com',
'ap-northeast-2': 's3-ap-northeast-2.amazonaws.com',
'cn-north-1': 's3.cn-north-1.amazonaws.com.cn'
}
def get_s3_endpoint(region):
return AWS_S3_ENDPOINT_MAP.get(region, 's3.amazonaws.com')
def get_target_url(endpoint_url, bucket_name=None, object_name=None,
bucket_region='us-east-1', query=None):
"""
Construct final target url.
:param endpoint_url: Target endpoint url where request is served to.
:param bucket_name: Bucket component for the target url.
:param object_name: Object component for the target url.
:param bucket_region: Bucket region for the target url.
:param query: Query parameters as a *dict* for the target url.
:return: Returns final target url as *str*.
"""
# New url
url = None
# Parse url
parsed_url = urlsplit(endpoint_url)
# Get new host, scheme.
host = parsed_url.netloc
if 's3.amazonaws.com' in host:
host = get_s3_endpoint(bucket_region)
scheme = parsed_url.scheme
url = scheme + '://' + host
if bucket_name:
# Save if target url will have buckets which suppport
# virtual host.
is_virtual_host_style = is_virtual_host(endpoint_url,
bucket_name)
if is_virtual_host_style:
url = (scheme + '://' + bucket_name + '.' + host)
else:
url = (scheme + '://' + host + '/' + bucket_name)
url_components = [url]
url_components.append('/')
if object_name:
object_name = encode_object_name(object_name)
url_components.append(object_name)
if query:
ordered_query = collections.OrderedDict(sorted(query.items()))
query_components = []
for component_key in ordered_query:
if ordered_query[component_key] is not None:
if isinstance(ordered_query[component_key], list):
for value in ordered_query[component_key]:
encoded_query = urlencode(
str(value)).replace('/', '%2F')
query_components.append(component_key+'='+encoded_query)
else:
encoded_query = urlencode(
str(ordered_query[component_key])).replace('/', '%2F')
query_components.append(component_key+'='+encoded_query)
else:
query_components.append(component_key)
query_string = '&'.join(query_components)
if query_string:
url_components.append('?')
url_components.append(query_string)
return ''.join(url_components)
def is_valid_endpoint(endpoint):
"""
Verify if endpoint is valid.
:type endpoint: string
:param endpoint: An endpoint. Must have at least a scheme and a hostname.
:return: True if the endpoint is valid. Raise :exc:`InvalidEndpointError`
otherwise.
"""
try:
if urlsplit(endpoint).scheme:
raise InvalidEndpointError('Hostname cannot have a scheme.')
hostname = endpoint.split(':')[0]
if hostname is None:
raise InvalidEndpointError('Hostname cannot be empty.')
if len(hostname) > 255:
raise InvalidEndpointError('Hostname cannot be greater than 255.')
if hostname[-1] == '.':
hostname = hostname[:-1]
if not _ALLOWED_HOSTNAME_REGEX.match(hostname):
raise InvalidEndpointError('Hostname does not meet URL standards.')
if hostname.endswith('.amazonaws.com') and \
(hostname != 's3.amazonaws.com'):
raise InvalidEndpointError('Amazon S3 hostname should be '
's3.amazonaws.com.')
except AttributeError as error:
raise TypeError(error)
return True
def is_virtual_host(endpoint_url, bucket_name):
"""
Check to see if the ``bucket_name`` can be part of virtual host
style.
:param endpoint_url: Endpoint url which will be used for virtual host.
:param bucket_name: Bucket name to be validated against.
"""
is_valid_bucket_name(bucket_name)
parsed_url = urlsplit(endpoint_url)
# bucket_name can be valid but '.' in the hostname will fail
# SSL certificate validation. So do not use host-style for
# such buckets.
if 'https' in parsed_url.scheme and '.' in bucket_name:
return False
if 's3.amazonaws.com' in parsed_url.netloc:
return True
return False
def is_valid_bucket_name(bucket_name):
"""
Check to see if the ``bucket_name`` complies with the
restricted DNS naming conventions necessary to allow
access via virtual-hosting style.
:param bucket_name: Bucket name in *str*.
:return: True if the bucket is valid. Raise :exc:`InvalidBucketError`
otherwise.
"""
# Verify bucket name length.
if len(bucket_name) < 3:
raise InvalidBucketError('Bucket name cannot be less than'
' 3 characters.')
if len(bucket_name) > 63:
raise InvalidBucketError('Bucket name cannot be more than'
' 63 characters.')
if '..' in bucket_name:
raise InvalidBucketError('Bucket name cannot have successive'
' periods.')
match = _VALID_BUCKETNAME_REGEX.match(bucket_name)
if match is None or match.end() != len(bucket_name):
raise InvalidBucketError('Bucket name does not follow S3 standards.'
' Bucket: {0}'.format(bucket_name))
return True
def is_non_empty_string(input_string):
"""
Validate if non empty string
:param input_string: Input is a *str*.
:return: True if input is string and non empty.
Raise :exc:`Exception` otherwise.
"""
try:
if not input_string.strip():
raise ValueError()
except AttributeError as error:
raise TypeError(error)
return True
def is_valid_bucket_notification_config(notifications):
"""
Validate the notifications config structure
:param notifications: Dictionary with specific structure.
:return: True if input is a valid bucket notifications structure.
Raise :exc:`InvalidArgumentError` otherwise.
"""
# check if notifications is a dict.
if not isinstance(notifications, dict):
raise TypeError('notifications configuration must be a dictionary')
if len(notifications) == 0:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
'notifications configuration may not be empty'
)
VALID_NOTIFICATION_KEYS = set([
"TopicConfigurations",
"QueueConfigurations",
"CloudFunctionConfigurations",
])
VALID_SERVICE_CONFIG_KEYS = set([
'Id',
'Arn',
'Events',
'Filter',
])
NOTIFICATION_EVENTS = set([
's3:ReducedRedundancyLostObject',
's3:ObjectCreated:*',
's3:ObjectCreated:Put',
's3:ObjectCreated:Post',
's3:ObjectCreated:Copy',
's3:ObjectCreated:CompleteMultipartUpload',
's3:ObjectRemoved:*',
's3:ObjectRemoved:Delete',
's3:ObjectRemoved:DeleteMarkerCreated',
])
for key, value in notifications.items():
# check if key names are valid
if key not in VALID_NOTIFICATION_KEYS:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
('{} is an invalid key '
'for notifications configuration').format(
key
)
)
# check if config values conform
# first check if value is a list
if not isinstance(value, list):
raise InvalidArgumentError(
('The value for key "{}" in the notifications '
'configuration must be a list.').format(key)
)
for service_config in value:
# check type matches
if not isinstance(service_config, dict):
raise InvalidArgumentError(
('Each service configuration item for "{}" must be a '
'dictionary').format(key)
)
# check keys are valid
for skey in service_config.keys():
if skey not in VALID_SERVICE_CONFIG_KEYS:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
('{} is an invalid key for a service '
'configuration item').format(
skey
)
)
# check for required keys
arn = service_config.get('Arn', '')
if arn == '':
raise InvalidArgumentError(
'Arn key in service config must be present and has to be '
'non-empty string'
)
events = service_config.get('Events', [])
if len(events) < 1:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
'At least one event must be specified in a service config'
)
if not isinstance(events, list):
raise InvalidArgumentError(
'"Events" must be a list of strings in a service '
'configuration'
)
# check if 'Id' key is present, it should be string or bytes.
if not isinstance(service_config.get('Id', ''), basestring):
raise InvalidArgumentError(
'"Id" key must be a string'
)
for event in events:
if event not in NOTIFICATION_EVENTS:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
'{} is not a valid event. Valid events are: {}'.format(
event, NOTIFICATION_EVENTS
)
)
if 'Filter' in service_config:
exception_msg = (
'{} - If a Filter key is given, it must be a '
'dictionary, the dictionary must have the '
'key "Key", and its value must be an object, with '
'a key named "FilterRules" which must be a non-empty list.'
).format(
service_config['Filter']
)
try:
filter_rules = service_config.get('Filter', {}).get(
'Key', {}).get('FilterRules', [])
if not isinstance(filter_rules, list):
raise InvalidArgumentError(exception_msg)
if len(filter_rules) < 1:
raise InvalidArgumentError(exception_msg)
except AttributeError:
raise InvalidArgumentError(exception_msg)
for filter_rule in filter_rules:
try:
name = filter_rule['Name']
value = filter_rule['Value']
except KeyError:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
('{} - a FilterRule dictionary must have "Name" '
'and "Value" keys').format(filter_rule)
)
if name not in ['prefix', 'suffix']:
raise InvalidArgumentError(
('{} - The "Name" key in a filter rule must be '
'either "prefix" or "suffix"').format(name)
)
return True
def encode_object_name(object_name):
"""
URL encode input object name.
:param object_name: Un-encoded object name.
:return: URL encoded input object name.
"""
is_non_empty_string(object_name)
return urlencode(object_name)
class Hasher(object):
"""Adaptation of hashlib-based hash functions that return
unicode-encoded hex- and base64-digest strings.
"""
def __init__(self, data, h):
if data is None:
data = b''
if isinstance(data, str):
data = data.encode('utf-8')
self.h = h(data)
@classmethod
def md5(cls, data=''):
return cls(data, hashlib.md5)
@classmethod
def sha256(cls, data=''):
return cls(data, hashlib.sha256)
def update(self, data):
if isinstance(data, str):
data = data.encode('utf-8')
self.h.update(data)
def hexdigest(self):
r = self.h.hexdigest()
return r.decode('utf-8') if isinstance(r, bytes) else r
def base64digest(self):
r = base64.b64encode(self.h.digest())
return r.decode('utf-8') if isinstance(r, bytes) else r
def get_sha256_hexdigest(content):
"""
Calculate sha256 hexdigest of content.
:param content: Input str or bytes. If the type is `str` we encode
it to UTF8 first.
:return: sha256 digest encoded as hexadecimal `str`.
"""
return Hasher.sha256(content).hexdigest()
def get_md5_base64digest(content):
"""Calculate md5sum and return digest as base64 encoded string.
:param content: Input str or bytes. If the type is `str` we encode
it to UTF8 and calculate md5sum.
:return: md5 digest encoded to base64 `str`.
"""
return Hasher.md5(content).base64digest()
def optimal_part_info(length):
"""
Calculate optimal part size for multipart uploads.
:param length: Input length to calculate part size of.
:return: Optimal part size.
"""
# object size is '-1' set it to 5TiB.
if length == -1:
length = MAX_MULTIPART_OBJECT_SIZE
if length > MAX_MULTIPART_OBJECT_SIZE:
raise InvalidArgumentError('Input content size is bigger '
' than allowed maximum of 5TiB.')
# Use floats for part size for all calculations to avoid
# overflows during float64 to int64 conversions.
part_size_float = math.ceil(length/MAX_MULTIPART_COUNT)
part_size_float = (math.ceil(part_size_float/MIN_OBJECT_SIZE)
* MIN_OBJECT_SIZE)
# Total parts count.
total_parts_count = int(math.ceil(length/part_size_float))
# Part size.
part_size = int(part_size_float)
# Last part size.
last_part_size = length - int(total_parts_count-1)*part_size
return total_parts_count, part_size, last_part_size